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Background: Aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) is one of the typical entities of acute aortic syndrome and probably accounts for 5–25% of all cases. The ulcer-like projections (ULP), which are described as a focal, blood-filled pouch protruding into the hematoma of the aortic wall, are regarded as one of the high-risk imaging features of IMH and may cause initial medical treatment failure and death. Case presentation: We present a case report of an acute type B IMH patient with impaired renal function and newly developed ULP in the acute phase. The 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (18F-FDG PET/MR) was performed to evaluate the condition of aortic hematoma. The 18F-FDG focal uptake along the aortic wall of the hematoma was normal compared to the background (SUVmax 2.17; SUVSVC 1.6; TBR 1.35). We considered the IMH stable in such cases and opted for medical treatment and watchful observation. Six months after discharge, the patient's recovery was satisfactory, and aortic remodeling was ideal. Conclusions: The 18F-FDG PET/MR is a novel tool to evaluate the risk of IMH patients and thus provides information for therapy selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crop quality tends to decrease with an increasing grain yield. Nitrogen is an important nutrient and moderate nitrogen foliage application (NFA) can significantly improve the wheat yield and quality. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of NFA on the grain yield and quality of wheat and its genotype-dependent variation. Eighteen wheat cultivars were used, and two NFA levels (N1 and N2; 10.70 and 21.40 kg N ha−1 two day−1, respectively) were applied. Significant genotypic differences in the yield and quality were observed among the 18 varieties, and their responses to NFA differed. For nine varieties in the experiment, N1 increased the grain yield, but N2 did not. In contrast, high concentrations of NFA had no effect on the grain yield in the other nine varieties. The protein content and composition and trace element (Fe, Zn, etc.) are all nutrient elements that notably affect the wheat grain quality and yield. NFA significantly increased the grain prolamin and glutelin concentrations in the grains, thereby increasing the total protein concentration. The prolamin, glutelin, and total protein concentrations in the grains of the lower-protein cultivars were more sensitive to NFA than those of the higher-protein cultivars. In addition, NFA significantly decreased the amylose concentration in the grains. By affecting the prolamin, glutelin, and amylose concentrations in the grains, NFA significantly increased the development and stability times of the corresponding wheat flour dough, thereby improving the dough quality. Moreover, NFA reduced the molar ratio of phytic acid to Fe and Zn, increasing the bioavailability of trace elements. The judicious application of nitrogen fertilizer resulted in the synergistic improvement in the yield and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study investigated the effects of different integrated cultivation treatments on the yield, nitrogen agronomic efficiency (AEN), and growth performance of a ratoon rice system. A two-year field experiment was carried out during 2021–2022 using a randomized block design. Cultivation treatments included the farmers' practice model (control, CK), high-yield and high-efficiency model (T1), enhanced-high-yield and high-efficiency model (T2), and the no-N model (N0). The grain yield, yield components, root traits, and stubble characteristics were determined. The results showed that T2 treatment significantly increased the grain yield and AEN by 53% and 236%, respectively, compared with CK. Similarly, the stubble weight, non-structure carbohydrate contents, and the root attributes were significantly improved under T2 treatment. The correlation analysis suggested that ratoon rice yield and AEN was significantly and positively correlated with root weight (p < 0.01) and the stubble parameters including stubble weight (p < 0.01), starch content (p < 0.01), and soluble sugar content (p < 0.01). Additionally, a significant and positive correlation between root weight and stubble weight (p < 0.05) was determined in our study. Consequently, our work highlights the benefits of integrating planting density, nitrogen/water management, and other practices to achieve high AEN and grain yield of the ratoon rice by improving root trait and stubble characteristics of the main rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: To clarify the combined effects of the cutting time and cutting height on ratooning ability and rice grain yield of the ratoon crop in the novel ratoon rice cropping, a field experiment was carried out to investigate the combined effects of harvesting time and the stubble-cutting height of the main crop on the growth duration, ratooning ability and grain yield of the ratoon crop. The growth period was shortened by 3.5 days on average when the harvesting time was 10 days ahead of time. On average, the growth duration was prolonged by 7 days per each decrease of 10 cm stubble height. Early harvesting and increasing stubble-cutting height greatly increased the grain yield of the ratoon crop. The highest grain yield was achieved at 10 days after flowering stage and a stubble height of 30 cm, which were 6916 kg·hm−2 for XLY900 and 7262 kg·hm−2 for YY4149, averaged across years. High rice yield of the ratoon crop was mainly depended on panicle numbers and grain-filling percentage, rather than spikelets per panicle. Increasing cutting height and the cutting time of the main crop ahead maintain more stubble biomass and nitrogen content. A significant positive correlation was observed between stubble nitrogen content and tillers-to-stubble ratio (TSR), as well as a significant positive relation was found between panicle-to-stubble ratio and TSR. Therefore, cutting 10 days after flowering stage of the main crop with 30 cm stubble-cutting height enhances ratooning ability due to higher stubble biomass and nitrogen content, and then increases rice yield of the ratoon crop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]