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STUDY QUESTION Is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) associated with higher risks of extreme birth size and/or preterm birth in mothers with different hypertension types? SUMMARY ANSWER PCOS was associated with additional risks of preterm birth in mothers with chronic hypertension and in singleton pregnancies of mothers with pre-eclampsia, and with higher risks of offspring born large for gestational age (LGA) in mothers with gestational hypertension. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Women with PCOS are more likely to develop gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and chronic hypertension. Although adverse birth outcomes have been frequently reported in mothers with PCOS, such associations in the setting of a hypertensive disorder remain unknown. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This is a population-based cohort study including all live births 2004–2014 in Finland (n = 652 732). To ensure diagnosis specificity, mothers with diagnoses that could cause signs and symptoms resembling PCOS were excluded. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Maternal diagnoses of PCOS, gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, and pre-eclampsia were identified from the Finnish national registries. Generalized estimating equation and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% CIs of preterm birth, very preterm birth, and offspring being small for gestational age (SGA) or LGA in hypertensive mothers with or without PCOS, using normotensive mothers without PCOS as reference. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Of 43 902 (6.7%) mothers with hypertensive disorders, 1709 (3.9%) had PCOS. Significant interactions were detected for PCOS with hypertension on preterm birth, very preterm birth, offspring born SGA and LGA (F preterm =   504.1, P interaction < 0.001; F very preterm =   124.2, P interaction < 0.001; F SGA =   99.5, P interaction < 0.001; F LGA =   2.7, P interaction = 0.012, respectively). Using mothers with no hypertensive disorder and no PCOS as reference, the risks of preterm and very preterm birth were overrepresented in non-PCOS mothers with chronic hypertension or pre-eclampsia. PCOS was associated with higher risks of preterm birth (aORPCOS 4.02, 3.14–5.15 vs aORnon-PCOS 2.51, 2.32–2.71) in mothers with chronic hypertension, with significant interaction between the exposures (F  =   32.7, P interaction < 0.001). PCOS was also associated with a higher risk of preterm birth in singleton pregnancies of mothers with pre-eclampsia (aORPCOS 7.33, 5.92–9.06 vs aORnon-PCOS 5.72, 5.43–6.03; F  =   50.0, P interaction < 0.001). Furthermore, the associations of PCOS comorbid with chronic hypertension or pre-eclampsia was detected also for spontaneous births. Moreover, the risk of offspring LGA was higher in mothers with PCOS and gestational hypertension although lower in those with gestational hypertension alone (aORPCOS 2.04, 1.48–2.80 vs aORnon-PCOS 0.80, 0.72–0.89; F  =   9.7, P interaction = 0.002), whereas for offspring SGA, the risks were comparable between hypertensive mothers with and those without PCOS. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Information on medication treatment, gestational weeks of onset for pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension, weight gain during pregnancy, and PCOS phenotypes were not available. All diagnoses were retrieved from registries, representing only those seeking medical care for their symptoms. The ICD-9 codes used to identify PCOS before year 1996 are known to underestimate the prevalence of PCOS, while the inclusion of anovulatory infertility as PCOS might introduce an overrepresentation bias, although PCOS constitutes 80% of anovulatory infertility. The risk of very preterm birth in relation to maternal PCOS and hypertensive disorders should be interpreted with caution owing to limited sample sizes. Multifetal pregnancies among maternal PCOS were too few for a subgroup analysis. Moreover, ART included IVF/ICSI only. Potential effects of other treatments, such as ovulation induction, were not examined. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS PCOS was associated with additional risks of preterm birth or offspring being LGA in hypertensive mothers, which varied between hypertension types. The exacerbated risks highlight consideration of PCOS in pregnancy counseling and management for women with hypertensive disorders. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China [ZR2020MH064 to X.C.], the joint research funding of Shandong University and Karolinska Institute [SDU-KI-2019-08 to X.C. and C.L.], the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare: Drug and pregnancy project [M.G.], the Swedish Research Council [2022-01188 to C.L.], the regional agreement on medical training and clinical research (ALF) between Stockholm County Council and Karolinska Institute Stockholm County Council [RS2021-0855 to C.L.], the Swedish Brain Foundation [FO2021-0412 to C.L.]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, analysis, and interpretation, writing of the report or decision to submit for publication. The authors report no conflicts of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the impact of unicornuate uterus on perinatal outcomes after in vitro fertilization and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles.Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study including 160 women with unicornuate uterus and 1:1 matched controls with normally shaped uterus. They received IVF/ICSI treatment during January 2009 and December 2011. The perinatal outcomes were followed up till December 2014.Results: There were no significant differences in pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate or live birth rate (53.6 versus 52.7, 41.4 versus 43.5, 33.8% versus 31.8%) between unicornuate uterus group and controls. Their biochemical pregnancy rate (22.8 versus 17.5%) and miscarriage rate (16.0 versus 18.8%) were similar. No significant differences were identified in preterm birth rate (18.3 versus 11.8%), birthweight (3.24 ± 0.60 versus 3.33 ± 0.54 kg) or birth length (50.47 ± 2.33 versus 50.06 ± 2.40 cm) among the singletons. However, lower gestational age (35.56 ± 2.68 versus 36.71 ± 1.73, p = .019), higher preterm birth rate (55.0 versus 34.4%, p = .038), lower birthweight (2.33 ± 0.58 versus 2.69 ± 0.38 kg, p = .001), lower birth length (45.33 ± 2.46 versus 48.88 ± 2.06 cm, p = .000), as well as higher rate of very low birthweight (13.2% versus 0, p = .007) were found for the twins from unicornuate uterus group.Conclusions: The results indicated unimpaired pregnancy and perinatal outcomes for women with unicornuate uterus conceiving one fetus. However, close attention should be paid to twin pregnancy in unicornuate uterus owing to increased risks of prematurity and low birthweight. Selected single embryo transfer is recommended for women with unicornuate uterus undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to identify subgroups of job satisfaction and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Chinese male nurses and examine the factors associated with subgroup profiles. A convenience sample of 626 Chinese male nurses were enrolled from January to October 2021. Latent profile analysis was performed to identify profiles based on self-esteem, psychological resilience, social support, neuroticism, perceived prejudice, occupational stress, job satisfaction, and HRQoL. Chi-squared tests were used to examine predictors of profiles. Results indicated that a three-profile model provided the best fit: low job satisfaction and health (9.90%), moderate job satisfaction and health (64.06%), and high job satisfaction and health (26.04%). The average number of monthly night shifts was negatively correlated with the male nurses' subgroups. Psychological resilience, social support, and neuroticism were the key factors associated with the HRQoL of male nurses, while perceived prejudice, occupational stress, and self-esteem were the key factors associated with job satisfaction. Nurse administrators could improve their job satisfaction and health by reducing perceived prejudice, and job stress, increasing organizational support and resilience., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Study Question: Are telomere length and telomerase activity associated with biochemical primary ovarian insufficiency (POI)?, Summary Answer: Shortened telomere length and diminished telomerase activity were associated with biochemical POI., What Is Known Already: POI is a result of pathological reproductive aging and encompasses occult, biochemical and overt stages. Studies have indicated telomere length as a biomarker for biological aging., Study Design, Size, Duration: A total of 120 patients with biochemical POI and 279 control women were recruited by the Center for Reproductive Medicine of Shandong University., Participants/materials, Setting, Methods: Telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes (LTL) and granulosa cells (GTL) was measured using a modified Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction technique. The relative telomerase activity (RTA) in granulosa cells was detected using a modified quantitative-telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay., Main Results and the Role of Chance: After adjusting for age, patients with biochemical POI (n = 120) exhibited significantly shorter LTLs (0.75 ± 0.09 vs 1.79 ± 0.12, P < 0.001; OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.43-0.68) and GTLs (0.78 ± 0.09 vs 1.90 ± 0.23, P < 0.001; OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.41-0.70) than the controls (n = 279 for LTLs; n = 90 for GTLs). Significantly diminished RTAs in granulosa cells were detected in patients with biochemical POI (n = 31) compared with the controls (n = 38) (1.57 ± 0.59 vs 4.63 ± 0.93, P = 0.025; OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.72-0.98)., Large Scale Data: N/A., Limitations, Reasons for Caution: The cross-sectional nature of this study might have its limit in telomere length as well as telomerase activity along with the progressing decline in ovarian function., Wider Implications of the Findings: These findings suggest that telomere length and telomerase activity may be considered as indicators for progression of ovarian decline., Study Funding/competing Interests: This research was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2012CB944700), Science research foundation item of no-earnings health vocation (201402004) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471352, 81270662, 81471509, 81300461, 81522018). The authors have no potential conflict of interest to declare., (© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Objective: To isolate and purify gallic acid and brevifolincarboxylic acid simultaneously by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) from a crude extract of Polygonum capitatum., Method: The biphasic solvent system composed of ethyl acetate-n-butanol-0.44% acetic acid (3:1:5) was used at a flow rate of 2.0 mL x min(-1), while the aqueous phase was selected as the mobile phase and the apparatus was rotated at 860 r x min(-1). The effluent was detected at 272 nm., Result: 51.5 mg of gallic acid and 5.9 mg of brevifolincarboxylic acid were separated from 1.07 g of the crude extract with the purities of 99.7% and 97.5%, respectively, while brevifolincarboxylic acid was obtained firstly from the genus Polygonum. The structures of the compounds were identified by ultraviolet spectrometry (UV), infra-red spectrometry (IR), liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), time-of-flight mass spectrometry( TOF-MS), 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 13C-NMR., Conclusion: This method is feasible and rapid for isolation and purification of gallice acid and brevifolincarboxylil acid.