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Additional file 1: BV promotes IL-8 secretion in HCT116 and HT-29. The expression of IL-8 was detected by RT-qPCR and ELISA in HCT116, HT-29, SW480 and SW620 cells cultured with BV.

Additional file 2: BV enhances IL-8 secretion and angiogenesis via activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. (A) Western blot analysis of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway with or without the treatment of BV, LY294002 andRapamycin in SW480. (B) The concentration of IL-8 in the culture medium of control and BV treated HCT116, HT-29, SW480 and SW620 cells with or without the absence of LY294002 and Rapamycin. (C) HUVEC migration and tube formation in representative images in the CM of SW480 cocultured with BV with or without the absence of LY294002 and Rapamycin. Scale bar, 50μm and 100μm respectively. The migrated HUVEC numbers and increasing folds of tube formation are shown in the bar graph. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; and ****, P < 0.0001.

Additional file 5: Table S1. The relative quantitative differences of BV in Efa with two different MOI (100:1 and 1:1).

Additional file 3: BV promotes proliferation and angiogenesis in xenograft models of SW480. (A) Representative images of subcutaneous tumors in nude mice injected SW480 cells treated with or without BV. Both the volume and weight of subcutaneous tumor were shown in the right panel. (B) PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was detected in mice tumor by western blot analysis. (C) The concentration of IL-8 and VEGFA in mice tumors were detected by ELISA. (D) The expression of Ki67 and CD31 in subcutaneous tumors of nude mice were assessed by immunofluorescence staining. Representative images were shown. Scale bar represents 50μm. (E) IHC analysis demonstrated the expression of CD31 in subcutaneous tumors of nude mice. Bars of the right panel represent the microvascular density. Scale bar represents 100μm. **, P < 0.01.

Additional file 4: Metabolomics analysis of Efa with two different MOI (100:1 and 1:1). A: PCA score plot of metabolomics. The orange dots represent Efa in MOI 100:1, and the blue dots represent Efa in MOI 1:1. B: KEGG analysis for the various differentially expressed signal pathway. The dots represented various pathways. Pathways impact was represented by the area of each dots. The p-value was represented by a color scale from blue (relatively lower significance) to orange (relatively higher significance). C: Heatmap of differentially metabolites. The p-values were represented by a color scale from blue (relatively lower expression) to red (relatively higher expression). Each column represented individual sample, and each row represented a single metabolite. The left panel is Efa with MOI 1:1, and the right part is Efa with MOI 100:1.

Therapies for patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are limited and accompanied by dismal prognosis. Here we use ESCC cell line K30 and TE-1 to investigate the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin plus anti-PD-1 antibody. Enhanced antitumor effects and increased CD8(+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of combination therapy were observed in TE-1 cells bearing humanized mice model. Lower cell viability and more cell apoptosis were found in the combination therapy in vitro. We next analyzed clinical data from patients with advanced ESCC received cisplatin-based chemotherapy plus an anti-PD-1 antibody (Tislelizumab or Sintilimab) as first line therapy from two clinical trials (NCT03469557, NCT03748134). With the response rate of 81.8%, duration of response of 15.2 months, median progression-free survival of 15.5 months, median overall survival of 21.5 months and manageable toxicity in patients with advanced ESCC, we demonstrated that cisplatin-based chemotherapy plus anti-PD-1 antibody is an effective and safe option. We further confirmed sublethal cisplatin could induce PD-L1 expression in ESCC cells and cisplatin-treated ESCC cells suppressed the activation and function of immune cells while the addition of sintilimab prevented this process. These results highlight the effectiveness of cisplatin combining with anti-PD-1 antibody in patients with advanced ESCC, revealed its capability to promote the PD-L1 expression in ESCC cells and act synergistically with anti-PD-1 antibody to restore exhausted immune cells activities, thus providing a theoretical basis for further explorations in the mechanism of the combination treatment of cisplatin-based chemotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors in ESCC.

Additional file 5: Figure S4. Metabolite composition and difference between Proximal N and Distal N. A, B OPLS-DA showed that Proximal N and Distal N were not separated into two clusters. Test for OPLS-DA model showed that the OPLS-DA model for this study was valid.

Additional file 4: Figure S3. Differential microbiota of gastric cancer tissues and non-tumor tissues. A Differential taxa from phylum to genus of Distal T and Distal N. B Differential taxa from phylum to genus of Proximal T and Proximal N.

Additional file 2: Figure S2. The microbial relative abundance of proximal, distal tumor tissues and matched non-tumor tissues at the genus level. Proximal T,proximal GC tumor tissues; Proximal N,proximal GC non-tumor tissues; Distal T, distal GC tumor tissues; Distal N, distal GC non-tumor tissues.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Clinicopathological characteristics of patients with gastric cancer in this study. Table S2. Different microorganisms in Proximal T and Distal T compared to their respective non tumor samples. Table S3. Significant differences in metabolites between Distal T and Distal N. Table S4. Significant differences in metabolites between Proximal T and Proximal N. Table S5. Metabolic pathway enrichment of differential metabolites between Distal T and Distal N. Table S6. Metabolic pathway enrichment of differential metabolites between Proximal T and Proximal N.

Additional file 3: Figure S2. The microbial relative abundance of proximal, distal tumor tissues and matched non-tumor tissues at the genus level. Proximal T,proximal GC tumor tissues; Proximal N,proximal GC non-tumor tissues; Distal T, distal GC tumor tissues; Distal N, distal GC non-tumor tissues.

Pengfei Yu, Yanqiang Zhang, Zeyao Ye, Xiangliu Chen, Ling Huang, Yian Du, Xiangdong Cheng Department of Gastric Surgery, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiangdong ChengDepartment of Gastric Surgery, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-571-88128041Email abdsurg@163.comObjective: The therapeutic effects of surgical resection in gastric cancer with liver metastasis remain largely unclear. We sought to examine surgical resection combined with chemotherapy for survival benefit in cases of synchronous liver metastases from gastric cancer (LMGC), and to identify factors affecting patient prognosis.Methods: Patients diagnosed with synchronous LMGC between January 2010 and December 2015 were enrolled in this study. The effects of gastrectomy and metastasectomy combined with chemotherapy (surgical resection group) and palliative chemotherapy (palliative chemotherapy group) on survival were comparatively assessed.Results: Of the 132 included cases, 57 (43.2%) and 75 (56.8%) were treated with surgical resection/chemotherapy and palliative chemotherapy, respectively. Overall survival (OS) was markedly prolonged in the surgical resection group compared with the palliative chemotherapy group (33.6 vs 12.4 months, P< 0.001). In patients who underwent surgical resection, R0 resection resulted in prolonged OS in comparison with the non-R0 resection subgroup (45.1 vs 13.5 months, P< 0.001). Surgical resection (hazard ratio [HR]=0.453; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.276– 0.813; P=0.009) and solitary liver metastasis (HR=0.540; 95% CI 0.315– 0.796; P =0.043) were independent predictors of OS.Conclusion: Patients with synchronous LMGC might benefit from radical surgical resection combined with appropriate chemotherapy. Additional well-designed prospective studies are required to verify the above findings.Keywords: gastric neoplasm, liver metastasis, surgical resection, chemotherapy, prognosis

In order to investigate the nucleation and growth mechanisms of diamond thin film, the in situ optical emission spectra (OES) of direct-current (DC) arc plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) have been measured during the growth processes of diamond thin films under the case of various CH4/H2 and C2H2/H2 ratios. We compared the results of OES with that of Raman spectra. The results show that there are a great numbers of atomic H in the arc discharge plasma, this is the key factor of the growth of diamond thin films with a high rate and high quality, furthermore, the carbon sources and the H2 dilution ratios have strong effects on the quality of the films. When the ratios of CH4/(CH4+H2) and C2H2/(C2H2+H2) increase, the non-diamond carbon phase in the films increase due to the increasing of C2 radical and the decreasing of atomic H, moreover, when the carbon source is C2H2, and when C2H2/H2=2%, the IG/ID derived from Raman spectra is 33%, but when CH4 is served as carbon source and CH4/H2=2%, the IG/ID=10%, obviously as a carbon source, CH4 is better than C2H2.