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1,871 results on '"Chen, Stephen"'

1. SkiLD: Unsupervised Skill Discovery Guided by Factor Interactions

Author

Wang, Zizhao, Hu, Jiaheng, Chuck, Caleb, Chen, Stephen, Martín-Martín, Roberto, Zhang, Amy, Niekum, Scott, and Stone, Peter

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

Unsupervised skill discovery carries the promise that an intelligent agent can learn reusable skills through autonomous, reward-free environment interaction. Existing unsupervised skill discovery methods learn skills by encouraging distinguishable behaviors that cover diverse states. However, in complex environments with many state factors (e.g., household environments with many objects), learning skills that cover all possible states is impossible, and naively encouraging state diversity often leads to simple skills that are not ideal for solving downstream tasks. This work introduces Skill Discovery from Local Dependencies (Skild), which leverages state factorization as a natural inductive bias to guide the skill learning process. The key intuition guiding Skild is that skills that induce diverse interactions between state factors are often more valuable for solving downstream tasks. To this end, Skild develops a novel skill learning objective that explicitly encourages the mastering of skills that effectively induce different interactions within an environment. We evaluate Skild in several domains with challenging, long-horizon sparse reward tasks including a realistic simulated household robot domain, where Skild successfully learns skills with clear semantic meaning and shows superior performance compared to existing unsupervised reinforcement learning methods that only maximize state coverage.

Published
2024

2. The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Author

Grattafiori, Aaron, Dubey, Abhimanyu, Jauhri, Abhinav, Pandey, Abhinav, Kadian, Abhishek, Al-Dahle, Ahmad, Letman, Aiesha, Mathur, Akhil, Schelten, Alan, Vaughan, Alex, Yang, Amy, Fan, Angela, Goyal, Anirudh, Hartshorn, Anthony, Yang, Aobo, Mitra, Archi, Sravankumar, Archie, Korenev, Artem, Hinsvark, Arthur, Rao, Arun, Zhang, Aston, Rodriguez, Aurelien, Gregerson, Austen, Spataru, Ava, Roziere, Baptiste, Biron, Bethany, Tang, Binh, Chern, Bobbie, Caucheteux, Charlotte, Nayak, Chaya, Bi, Chloe, Marra, Chris, McConnell, Chris, Keller, Christian, Touret, Christophe, Wu, Chunyang, Wong, Corinne, Ferrer, Cristian Canton, Nikolaidis, Cyrus, Allonsius, Damien, Song, Daniel, Pintz, Danielle, Livshits, Danny, Wyatt, Danny, Esiobu, David, Choudhary, Dhruv, Mahajan, Dhruv, Garcia-Olano, Diego, Perino, Diego, Hupkes, Dieuwke, Lakomkin, Egor, AlBadawy, Ehab, Lobanova, Elina, Dinan, Emily, Smith, Eric Michael, Radenovic, Filip, Guzmán, Francisco, Zhang, Frank, Synnaeve, Gabriel, Lee, Gabrielle, Anderson, Georgia Lewis, Thattai, Govind, Nail, Graeme, Mialon, Gregoire, Pang, Guan, Cucurell, Guillem, Nguyen, Hailey, Korevaar, Hannah, Xu, Hu, Touvron, Hugo, Zarov, Iliyan, Ibarra, Imanol Arrieta, Kloumann, Isabel, Misra, Ishan, Evtimov, Ivan, Zhang, Jack, Copet, Jade, Lee, Jaewon, Geffert, Jan, Vranes, Jana, Park, Jason, Mahadeokar, Jay, Shah, Jeet, van der Linde, Jelmer, Billock, Jennifer, Hong, Jenny, Lee, Jenya, Fu, Jeremy, Chi, Jianfeng, Huang, Jianyu, Liu, Jiawen, Wang, Jie, Yu, Jiecao, Bitton, Joanna, Spisak, Joe, Park, Jongsoo, Rocca, Joseph, Johnstun, Joshua, Saxe, Joshua, Jia, Junteng, Alwala, Kalyan Vasuden, Prasad, Karthik, Upasani, Kartikeya, Plawiak, Kate, Li, Ke, Heafield, Kenneth, Stone, Kevin, El-Arini, Khalid, Iyer, Krithika, Malik, Kshitiz, Chiu, Kuenley, Bhalla, Kunal, Lakhotia, Kushal, Rantala-Yeary, Lauren, van der Maaten, Laurens, Chen, Lawrence, Tan, Liang, Jenkins, Liz, Martin, Louis, Madaan, Lovish, Malo, Lubo, Blecher, Lukas, Landzaat, Lukas, de Oliveira, Luke, Muzzi, Madeline, Pasupuleti, Mahesh, Singh, Mannat, Paluri, Manohar, Kardas, Marcin, Tsimpoukelli, Maria, Oldham, Mathew, Rita, Mathieu, Pavlova, Maya, Kambadur, Melanie, Lewis, Mike, Si, Min, Singh, Mitesh Kumar, Hassan, Mona, Goyal, Naman, Torabi, Narjes, Bashlykov, Nikolay, Bogoychev, Nikolay, Chatterji, Niladri, Zhang, Ning, Duchenne, Olivier, Çelebi, Onur, Alrassy, Patrick, Zhang, Pengchuan, Li, Pengwei, Vasic, Petar, Weng, Peter, Bhargava, Prajjwal, Dubal, Pratik, Krishnan, Praveen, Koura, Punit Singh, Xu, Puxin, He, Qing, Dong, Qingxiao, Srinivasan, Ragavan, Ganapathy, Raj, Calderer, Ramon, Cabral, Ricardo Silveira, Stojnic, Robert, Raileanu, Roberta, Maheswari, Rohan, Girdhar, Rohit, Patel, Rohit, Sauvestre, Romain, Polidoro, Ronnie, Sumbaly, Roshan, Taylor, Ross, Silva, Ruan, Hou, Rui, Wang, Rui, Hosseini, Saghar, Chennabasappa, Sahana, Singh, Sanjay, Bell, Sean, Kim, Seohyun Sonia, Edunov, Sergey, Nie, Shaoliang, Narang, Sharan, Raparthy, Sharath, Shen, Sheng, Wan, Shengye, Bhosale, Shruti, Zhang, Shun, Vandenhende, Simon, Batra, Soumya, Whitman, Spencer, Sootla, Sten, Collot, Stephane, Gururangan, Suchin, Borodinsky, Sydney, Herman, Tamar, Fowler, Tara, Sheasha, Tarek, Georgiou, Thomas, Scialom, Thomas, Speckbacher, Tobias, Mihaylov, Todor, Xiao, Tong, Karn, Ujjwal, Goswami, Vedanuj, Gupta, Vibhor, Ramanathan, Vignesh, Kerkez, Viktor, Gonguet, Vincent, Do, Virginie, Vogeti, Vish, Albiero, Vítor, Petrovic, Vladan, Chu, Weiwei, Xiong, Wenhan, Fu, Wenyin, Meers, Whitney, Martinet, Xavier, Wang, Xiaodong, Wang, Xiaofang, Tan, Xiaoqing Ellen, Xia, Xide, Xie, Xinfeng, Jia, Xuchao, Wang, Xuewei, Goldschlag, Yaelle, Gaur, Yashesh, Babaei, Yasmine, Wen, Yi, Song, Yiwen, Zhang, Yuchen, Li, Yue, Mao, Yuning, Coudert, Zacharie Delpierre, Yan, Zheng, Chen, Zhengxing, Papakipos, Zoe, Singh, Aaditya, Srivastava, Aayushi, Jain, Abha, Kelsey, Adam, Shajnfeld, Adam, Gangidi, Adithya, Victoria, Adolfo, Goldstand, Ahuva, Menon, Ajay, Sharma, Ajay, Boesenberg, Alex, Baevski, Alexei, Feinstein, Allie, Kallet, Amanda, Sangani, Amit, Teo, Amos, Yunus, Anam, Lupu, Andrei, Alvarado, Andres, Caples, Andrew, Gu, Andrew, Ho, Andrew, Poulton, Andrew, Ryan, Andrew, Ramchandani, Ankit, Dong, Annie, Franco, Annie, Goyal, Anuj, Saraf, Aparajita, Chowdhury, Arkabandhu, Gabriel, Ashley, Bharambe, Ashwin, Eisenman, Assaf, Yazdan, Azadeh, James, Beau, Maurer, Ben, Leonhardi, Benjamin, Huang, Bernie, Loyd, Beth, De Paola, Beto, Paranjape, Bhargavi, Liu, Bing, Wu, Bo, Ni, Boyu, Hancock, Braden, Wasti, Bram, Spence, Brandon, Stojkovic, Brani, Gamido, Brian, Montalvo, Britt, Parker, Carl, Burton, Carly, Mejia, Catalina, Liu, Ce, Wang, Changhan, Kim, Changkyu, Zhou, Chao, Hu, Chester, Chu, Ching-Hsiang, Cai, Chris, Tindal, Chris, Feichtenhofer, Christoph, Gao, Cynthia, Civin, Damon, Beaty, Dana, Kreymer, Daniel, Li, Daniel, Adkins, David, Xu, David, Testuggine, Davide, David, Delia, Parikh, Devi, Liskovich, Diana, Foss, Didem, Wang, Dingkang, Le, Duc, Holland, Dustin, Dowling, Edward, Jamil, Eissa, Montgomery, Elaine, Presani, Eleonora, Hahn, Emily, Wood, Emily, Le, Eric-Tuan, Brinkman, Erik, Arcaute, Esteban, Dunbar, Evan, Smothers, Evan, Sun, Fei, Kreuk, Felix, Tian, Feng, Kokkinos, Filippos, Ozgenel, Firat, Caggioni, Francesco, Kanayet, Frank, Seide, Frank, Florez, Gabriela Medina, Schwarz, Gabriella, Badeer, Gada, Swee, Georgia, Halpern, Gil, Herman, Grant, Sizov, Grigory, Guangyi, Zhang, Lakshminarayanan, Guna, Inan, Hakan, Shojanazeri, Hamid, Zou, Han, Wang, Hannah, Zha, Hanwen, Habeeb, Haroun, Rudolph, Harrison, Suk, Helen, Aspegren, Henry, Goldman, Hunter, Zhan, Hongyuan, Damlaj, Ibrahim, Molybog, Igor, Tufanov, Igor, Leontiadis, Ilias, Veliche, Irina-Elena, Gat, Itai, Weissman, Jake, Geboski, James, Kohli, James, Lam, Janice, Asher, Japhet, Gaya, Jean-Baptiste, Marcus, Jeff, Tang, Jeff, Chan, Jennifer, Zhen, Jenny, Reizenstein, Jeremy, Teboul, Jeremy, Zhong, Jessica, Jin, Jian, Yang, Jingyi, Cummings, Joe, Carvill, Jon, Shepard, Jon, McPhie, Jonathan, Torres, Jonathan, Ginsburg, Josh, Wang, Junjie, Wu, Kai, U, Kam Hou, Saxena, Karan, Khandelwal, Kartikay, Zand, Katayoun, Matosich, Kathy, Veeraraghavan, Kaushik, Michelena, Kelly, Li, Keqian, Jagadeesh, Kiran, Huang, Kun, Chawla, Kunal, Huang, Kyle, Chen, Lailin, Garg, Lakshya, A, Lavender, Silva, Leandro, Bell, Lee, Zhang, Lei, Guo, Liangpeng, Yu, Licheng, Moshkovich, Liron, Wehrstedt, Luca, Khabsa, Madian, Avalani, Manav, Bhatt, Manish, Mankus, Martynas, Hasson, Matan, Lennie, Matthew, Reso, Matthias, Groshev, Maxim, Naumov, Maxim, Lathi, Maya, Keneally, Meghan, Liu, Miao, Seltzer, Michael L., Valko, Michal, Restrepo, Michelle, Patel, Mihir, Vyatskov, Mik, Samvelyan, Mikayel, Clark, Mike, Macey, Mike, Wang, Mike, Hermoso, Miquel Jubert, Metanat, Mo, Rastegari, Mohammad, Bansal, Munish, Santhanam, Nandhini, Parks, Natascha, White, Natasha, Bawa, Navyata, Singhal, Nayan, Egebo, Nick, Usunier, Nicolas, Mehta, Nikhil, Laptev, Nikolay Pavlovich, Dong, Ning, Cheng, Norman, Chernoguz, Oleg, Hart, Olivia, Salpekar, Omkar, Kalinli, Ozlem, Kent, Parkin, Parekh, Parth, Saab, Paul, Balaji, Pavan, Rittner, Pedro, Bontrager, Philip, Roux, Pierre, Dollar, Piotr, Zvyagina, Polina, Ratanchandani, Prashant, Yuvraj, Pritish, Liang, Qian, Alao, Rachad, Rodriguez, Rachel, Ayub, Rafi, Murthy, Raghotham, Nayani, Raghu, Mitra, Rahul, Parthasarathy, Rangaprabhu, Li, Raymond, Hogan, Rebekkah, Battey, Robin, Wang, Rocky, Howes, Russ, Rinott, Ruty, Mehta, Sachin, Siby, Sachin, Bondu, Sai Jayesh, Datta, Samyak, Chugh, Sara, Hunt, Sara, Dhillon, Sargun, Sidorov, Sasha, Pan, Satadru, Mahajan, Saurabh, Verma, Saurabh, Yamamoto, Seiji, Ramaswamy, Sharadh, Lindsay, Shaun, Feng, Sheng, Lin, Shenghao, Zha, Shengxin Cindy, Patil, Shishir, Shankar, Shiva, Zhang, Shuqiang, Wang, Sinong, Agarwal, Sneha, Sajuyigbe, Soji, Chintala, Soumith, Max, Stephanie, Chen, Stephen, Kehoe, Steve, Satterfield, Steve, Govindaprasad, Sudarshan, Gupta, Sumit, Deng, Summer, Cho, Sungmin, Virk, Sunny, Subramanian, Suraj, Choudhury, Sy, Goldman, Sydney, Remez, Tal, Glaser, Tamar, Best, Tamara, Koehler, Thilo, Robinson, Thomas, Li, Tianhe, Zhang, Tianjun, Matthews, Tim, Chou, Timothy, Shaked, Tzook, Vontimitta, Varun, Ajayi, Victoria, Montanez, Victoria, Mohan, Vijai, Kumar, Vinay Satish, Mangla, Vishal, Ionescu, Vlad, Poenaru, Vlad, Mihailescu, Vlad Tiberiu, Ivanov, Vladimir, Li, Wei, Wang, Wenchen, Jiang, Wenwen, Bouaziz, Wes, Constable, Will, Tang, Xiaocheng, Wu, Xiaojian, Wang, Xiaolan, Wu, Xilun, Gao, Xinbo, Kleinman, Yaniv, Chen, Yanjun, Hu, Ye, Jia, Ye, Qi, Ye, Li, Yenda, Zhang, Yilin, Zhang, Ying, Adi, Yossi, Nam, Youngjin, Yu, Wang, Zhao, Yu, Hao, Yuchen, Qian, Yundi, Li, Yunlu, He, Yuzi, Rait, Zach, DeVito, Zachary, Rosnbrick, Zef, Wen, Zhaoduo, Yang, Zhenyu, Zhao, Zhiwei, and Ma, Zhiyu

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Modern artificial intelligence (AI) systems are powered by foundation models. This paper presents a new set of foundation models, called Llama 3. It is a herd of language models that natively support multilinguality, coding, reasoning, and tool usage. Our largest model is a dense Transformer with 405B parameters and a context window of up to 128K tokens. This paper presents an extensive empirical evaluation of Llama 3. We find that Llama 3 delivers comparable quality to leading language models such as GPT-4 on a plethora of tasks. We publicly release Llama 3, including pre-trained and post-trained versions of the 405B parameter language model and our Llama Guard 3 model for input and output safety. The paper also presents the results of experiments in which we integrate image, video, and speech capabilities into Llama 3 via a compositional approach. We observe this approach performs competitively with the state-of-the-art on image, video, and speech recognition tasks. The resulting models are not yet being broadly released as they are still under development.

Published
2024

5. Simulation Optimization of Operating Room Schedules for Elective Surgeries

Author

Maltseva, Daria, Chen, Stephen, Lex, Johnathan, Abbas, Aazad, Whyne, Cari, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, van Leeuwen, Jan, Series Editor, Hutchison, David, Editorial Board Member, Kanade, Takeo, Editorial Board Member, Kittler, Josef, Editorial Board Member, Kleinberg, Jon M., Editorial Board Member, Kobsa, Alfred, Series Editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Editorial Board Member, Mitchell, John C., Editorial Board Member, Naor, Moni, Editorial Board Member, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series Editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Editorial Board Member, Sudan, Madhu, Series Editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Editorial Board Member, Tygar, Doug, Editorial Board Member, Weikum, Gerhard, Series Editor, Vardi, Moshe Y, Series Editor, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Fujita, Hamido, editor, Cimler, Richard, editor, Hernandez-Matamoros, Andres, editor, and Ali, Moonis, editor

Published
2024
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9. Contributors

Author

Adams, Sean H., primary, Allard, Sarah, additional, Bell, Jimmy D., additional, Bross, Rachelle, additional, Brown, Arleen, additional, Casillas, Alejandra, additional, Chazenbalk, Gregorio, additional, Chen, Stephen T., additional, Cooper, Chris, additional, Crosby, Guy, additional, Cummiskey, Kevin, additional, Drewnowski, Adam, additional, Dumesic, Daniel, additional, Gao, Wei, additional, Garg, Rajesh, additional, Gilbert, Jack A, additional, Heber, David, additional, Heymsfield, Steve, additional, Li, Zhaoping, additional, Marchetti, Julia, additional, Martinez, José Alfredo, additional, Maseng, Maria Gjerstad, additional, Mensah, Gertrude Ecklu, additional, Menichetti, Giulia, additional, Nel, Andre, additional, Norris, Keith C., additional, Ordovás, José, additional, Ramírez, José Lasalde, additional, Rosado, Eliane Lopes, additional, dos Santos, Karina, additional, Sebek, Michael, additional, Sempionatto, Juliane R., additional, Small, Gary W., additional, Steemburgo, Thais, additional, Swerdloff, Ronald S., additional, Thomas, Diana M., additional, Wang, Christina, additional, Yan, Wei, additional, and Yang, Yiran, additional

Published
2024
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12. First-Generation Inference Accelerator Deployment at Facebook

Author

Anderson, Michael, Chen, Benny, Chen, Stephen, Deng, Summer, Fix, Jordan, Gschwind, Michael, Kalaiah, Aravind, Kim, Changkyu, Lee, Jaewon, Liang, Jason, Liu, Haixin, Lu, Yinghai, Montgomery, Jack, Moorthy, Arun, Nadathur, Satish, Naghshineh, Sam, Nayak, Avinash, Park, Jongsoo, Petersen, Chris, Schatz, Martin, Sundaram, Narayanan, Tang, Bangsheng, Tang, Peter, Yang, Amy, Yu, Jiecao, Yuen, Hector, Zhang, Ying, Anbudurai, Aravind, Balan, Vandana, Bojja, Harsha, Boyd, Joe, Breitbach, Matthew, Caldato, Claudio, Calvo, Anna, Catron, Garret, Chandwani, Sneh, Christeas, Panos, Cottel, Brad, Coutinho, Brian, Dalli, Arun, Dhanotia, Abhishek, Duncan, Oniel, Dzhabarov, Roman, Elmir, Simon, Fu, Chunli, Fu, Wenyin, Fulthorp, Michael, Gangidi, Adi, Gibson, Nick, Gordon, Sean, Hernandez, Beatriz Padilla, Ho, Daniel, Huang, Yu-Cheng, Johansson, Olof, Juluri, Shishir, Kanaujia, Shobhit, Kesarkar, Manali, Killinger, Jonathan, Kim, Ben, Kulkarni, Rohan, Lele, Meghan, Li, Huayu, Li, Huamin, Li, Yueming, Liu, Cynthia, Liu, Jerry, Maher, Bert, Mallipedi, Chandra, Mangla, Seema, Matam, Kiran Kumar, Mehta, Jubin, Mehta, Shobhit, Mitchell, Christopher, Muthiah, Bharath, Nagarkatte, Nitin, Narasimha, Ashwin, Nguyen, Bernard, Ortiz, Thiara, Padmanabha, Soumya, Pan, Deng, Poojary, Ashwin, Ye, Qi, Raginel, Olivier, Rajagopal, Dwarak, Rice, Tristan, Ross, Craig, Rotem, Nadav, Russ, Scott, Shah, Kushal, Shan, Baohua, Shen, Hao, Shetty, Pavan, Skandakumaran, Krish, Srinivasan, Kutta, Sumbaly, Roshan, Tauberg, Michael, Tzur, Mor, Verma, Sidharth, Wang, Hao, Wang, Man, Wei, Ben, Xia, Alex, Xu, Chenyu, Yang, Martin, Zhang, Kai, Zhang, Ruoxi, Zhao, Ming, Zhao, Whitney, Zhu, Rui, Mathews, Ajit, Qiao, Lin, Smelyanskiy, Misha, Jia, Bill, and Rao, Vijay

Subjects
Computer Science - Hardware Architecture
Abstract

In this paper, we provide a deep dive into the deployment of inference accelerators at Facebook. Many of our ML workloads have unique characteristics, such as sparse memory accesses, large model sizes, as well as high compute, memory and network bandwidth requirements. We co-designed a high-performance, energy-efficient inference accelerator platform based on these requirements. We describe the inference accelerator platform ecosystem we developed and deployed at Facebook: both hardware, through Open Compute Platform (OCP), and software framework and tooling, through Pytorch/Caffe2/Glow. A characteristic of this ecosystem from the start is its openness to enable a variety of AI accelerators from different vendors. This platform, with six low-power accelerator cards alongside a single-socket host CPU, allows us to serve models of high complexity that cannot be easily or efficiently run on CPUs. We describe various performance optimizations, at both platform and accelerator level, which enables this platform to serve production traffic at Facebook. We also share deployment challenges, lessons learned during performance optimization, as well as provide guidance for future inference hardware co-design.

Published
2021

13. Web-Scale Generic Object Detection at Microsoft Bing

Author

Chen, Stephen Xi, Mukherjee, Saurajit, Phadke, Unmesh, Wang, Tingting, Park, Junwon, and Yada, Ravi Theja

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

In this paper, we present Generic Object Detection (GenOD), one of the largest object detection systems deployed to a web-scale general visual search engine that can detect over 900 categories for all Microsoft Bing Visual Search queries in near real-time. It acts as a fundamental visual query understanding service that provides object-centric information and shows gains in multiple production scenarios, improving upon domain-specific models. We discuss the challenges of collecting data, training, deploying and updating such a large-scale object detection model with multiple dependencies. We discuss a data collection pipeline that reduces per-bounding box labeling cost by 81.5% and latency by 61.2% while improving on annotation quality. We show that GenOD can improve weighted average precision by over 20% compared to multiple domain-specific models. We also improve the model update agility by nearly 2 times with the proposed disjoint detector training compared to joint fine-tuning. Finally we demonstrate how GenOD benefits visual search applications by significantly improving object-level search relevance by 54.9% and user engagement by 59.9%., Comment: In Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining (KDD) 2021, Virtual Event, Singapore

Published
2021
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19. Heritage language socialization in Chinese American immigrant families: prospective links to children’s heritage language proficiency

Author

Chen, Stephen H, Zhou, Qing, and Uchikoshi, Yuuko

Subjects
Language, Communication and Culture, Linguistics, Behavioral and Social Science, Pediatric, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Quality Education, Heritage language proficiency, immigrant families, language socialization, Curriculum and Pedagogy, Cognitive Sciences, Languages & Linguistics, Curriculum and pedagogy
Abstract

Though a number of language socialization processes are theorized to promote children's heritage language proficiency (HLP), little research has considered these processes in a single study and examined their prospective relations to multiple domains of HLP in school-age children. In a two-wave longitudinal study of Chinese American children of immigrant parents (N = 258, age = 7-11 years), language socialization processes (e.g., adult HL use at home, parental attitudes towards HL, child participation in HL classes or extracurricular activities) were assessed using parent reports and behavioral observation at Time 1 (1st to 2nd grade). Children's HLP (Cantonese or Mandarin) was assessed using vocabulary and literacy tests at Time 2. Results of structural equation modeling showed that adults' Chinese language use with children at home predicted children's higher Chinese receptive and expressive vocabulary two years later, and children's participation in Chinese language extra-curricular activities predicted their higher Chinese receptive and expressive vocabulary and higher Chinese word reading. By contrast, parental valuing of Chinese language and children's exposure to Chinese media did not predict children's Chinese proficiency. These findings provided support for the benefits of HL use at home and HL classes in promoting HL development in children in immigrant families.

Published
2021

20. Preliminary Efficacy of AWARE in College Health Service Centers: A Group Psychotherapy Intervention for Asian American Women

Author

Hahm, Hyeouk Chris, Hsi, Jenny H., Petersen, Julie M., Xu, Jiaman, Lee, Eunmyoung A., Chen, Stephen H., and Liu, Cindy H.

Abstract

Objective: Asian Women's Action for Resilience and Empowerment (AWARE) is a psychotherapy intervention designed to improve the mental health of Asian American women. This study documented the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of AWARE at three university health service centers in Massachusetts. Participants: 174 female Asian American college/graduate students were screened, and 48 (64%) met the eligibility criteria and enrolled in the study. Methods: This study was a non-randomized, pre-post design at three university/college health service centers in Massachusetts. Retention rates and changes in depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms were measured. Results: Results demonstrated high feasibility and significant preliminary efficacy of AWARE across the sites. After the completion of AWARE, participants showed statistically and clinically significant reduction of depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms (p-values <0.001). Conclusions: This study provides strong evidence that AWARE can be successfully implemented in university settings and provides a promising model of mental health treatment for Asian American women.

Published
2022
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21. Regulator Design for a Congested Continuum Traffic Model with App-Routing Instability

Author

Chen, Stephen, Yu, Huan, and Krstic, Miroslav

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract

In this paper, we propose a control design methodology for a linearized continuum traffic model in the congested regime. The continuum traffic flow on a highway is modeled using a linearized quasilinear hyperbolic partial differential equation model known as the Aw-Rascle-Zhang (ARZ) model. The linear traffic model is augmented with a novel non-local boundary condition representing car influx due to the use of routing apps such as Google Maps and Waze. The routing apps act as real-time previews for highway traffic, introducing potentially destabilizing feedback in the app-based navigation decision process, necessitating the development of a feedback controller. We first study small-time H^1 solutions of the linearized model with the addition of the app-routing for sufficiently small initial data. We introduce an extended, multi-tiered boundary control design based upon the method of infinite-dimensional backstepping. Using an intermediate decoupling transformation, we account for the non-local boundary condition arising from routing app feedback. We study the existence of the extended backstepping method by characterizing the existence of the companion kernels associated with the backstepping method. Finally, we study the linear ARZ model with the app-routing extension under the designed feedback, and show that for sufficiently small H^1 data, the equilibrium congestion solution is exponentially stable and guarantees the existence of closed-loop solutions on the infinite time interval., Comment: Submitted to ACC 2020

Published
2019

22. Folding Bilateral Backstepping Output-Feedback Control Design For an Unstable Parabolic PDE

Author

Chen, Stephen, Vazquez, Rafael, and Krstic, Miroslav

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract

We present a novel methodology for designing output-feedback backstepping boundary controllers for an unstable 1-D diffusion-reaction partial differential equation with spatially-varying reaction. Using "folding" transforms the parabolic PDE into a 2X2 coupled parabolic PDE system with coupling via folding boundary conditions. The folding approach is novel in the sense that the design of bilateral controllers can be generalized to centering around arbitrary points, which admit additional design parameters for both the state-feedback controller and the state observer. The design can be selectively biased to achieve different performance indicies (e.g. energy, boundedness, etc). A first backstepping transformation is designed to map the unstable system into a strict-feedback intermediate target system. A second backstepping transformation is designed to stabilize the intermediate target system. The invertibility of the two transformations guarantees that the derived state-feedback controllers exponentially stabilize the trivial solution of the parabolic PDE system in the L^2 norm sense. A complementary state observer is likewise designed for the dual problem, where two collocated measurements are considered at an arbitrary point in the interior of the domain. The observer generates state estimates which converge to the true state exponentially fast in the L^2 sense. Finally, the output feedback control law is formulated by composing the state-feedback controller with the state estimates from the observer, and the resulting dynamic feedback is shown to stabilize the trivial solution of the interconnected system in the L^2 norm sense. Some analysis on how the selection of these points affect the responses of the controller and observer are discussed, with simulations illustrating various choices of folding points and their effect on the stabilization.

Published
2019

23. Bilateral Boundary Control Design for a Cascaded Diffusion-ODE System Coupled at an Arbitrary Interior Point

Author

Chen, Stephen, Vazquez, Rafael, and Krstic, Miroslav

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract

We present a methodology for designing bilateral boundary controllers for a class of systems consisting of a coupled diffusion equation with an unstable ODE at an arbitrary interior point. A folding transformation is applied about the coupling point, transforming the system into an ODE with an input channel consisting of two coupled diffusive actuation paths. A target system with an exponentially stable trivial solution in the sense of L^2 X R^n is proposed, and the stability property is shown via the Lyapunov method. The stabilizing control laws are formulated via tiered Volterra transformations of the second kind, establishing an equivalence relation between the stable target system and the original plant under boundary feedback. Stability properties of the plant under feedback is inferred from the equivalence relation. The well-posedness of the backstepping transformations involved are studied, and the existence of bounded Volterra kernels is shown, constituting a sufficient condition for the invertibility of the Volterra transformations.

Published
2019

32. Increasing Quality and Frequency of Goals-of-Care Documentation in the Highest-Risk Surgical Candidates: One-Year Results of the Surgical Pause Program

Author

Oyekan, Anthony A., Lee, Joon Y., Hodges, Jacob C., Chen, Stephen R., Wilson, Alan E., Fourman, Mitchell S., Clayton, Elizabeth O., Njoku-Austin, Confidence, Crasto, Jared A., Wisniewski, Mary Kay, Bilderback, Andrew, Gunn, Scott R., Levin, William I., Arnold, Robert M., Hinrichsen, Katie L., Mensah, Christopher, Hogan, MaCalus V., and Hall, Daniel E.

Published
2023
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33. Longitudinal Relations of Cultural Orientation and Emotional Expressivity in Chinese American Immigrant Parents: Sociocultural Influences on Emotional Development in Adulthood

Author

Chen, Stephen H and Zhou, Qing

Subjects
Psychology, Cognitive and Computational Psychology, Applied and Developmental Psychology, Pediatric, Behavioral and Social Science, Mind and Body, Asian, Child, Child Behavior, Child Development, China, Culture, Emigrants and Immigrants, Emotions, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Parent-Child Relations, Parents, Prospective Studies, Socialization, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States, emotion, acculturation, adult development, immigrant families, Specialist Studies in Education, Cognitive Sciences, Developmental & Child Psychology, Specialist studies in education, Applied and developmental psychology, Cognitive and computational psychology
Abstract

Research in developmental psychology has traditionally focused on parents' roles as agents of emotion socialization in their children's socioemotional development. By contrast, little longitudinal research has examined sociocultural mechanisms shaping parents' own emotional development. Immigrant parents are an ideal population in which to examine these processes and advance conceptual models of culture and continuing emotional development in adulthood. Using developmental functionalism and bioecological models of development as theoretical frameworks, the present study examined how immigrant parents' and children's cultural orientations were prospectively related to parents' self-reported emotional expressivity in the family context. Chinese American immigrant parents (n = 210) with elementary-aged children were assessed at two time points approximately 2 years apart. Path analyses using longitudinal panel models indicated that immigrant parents' cultural orientation in various cultural domains (language, social relationships, media) prospectively predicted their emotional expressivity in the family context. Parents' emotional expressivity was also predicted by children's cultural orientation and by discrepancies between their own and their children's cultural orientations. Our results underscore pathways through which immigrants' interactions with the family and broader sociocultural context can contribute to continued emotional development in adulthood. We discuss implications of our findings for developmentally informed approaches to the study of culture and emotion. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Published
2019

34. Cultural Values, Social Status, and Chinese American Immigrant Parents’ Emotional Expressivity

Author

Chen, Stephen H and Zhou, Qing

Subjects
Social and Personality Psychology, Psychology, Behavioral and Social Science, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Mind and Body, Good Health and Well Being, emotion, acculturation, socioeconomic status, adult development, intersectionality, Emotion, Business and Management, Cognitive Sciences, Social Psychology, Clinical sciences, Public health, Social and personality psychology
Abstract

Cultural values and social status are two salient factors in the psychological experiences of immigrant families, and both have been associated with immigrant parents' patterns of emotional expression in previous studies. The present study examined how endorsement of cultural values (collectivism and conformity) and social status were uniquely associated with immigrant parents' emotional expressivity in the family. First-generation Chinese American immigrant parents (N = 239, 80% mothers; M = 41.31 years old) of elementary-age children reported on their endorsement of values of collectivism and conformity, their patterns of emotional expressivity in the family context, and their family income and education levels. Path analyses indicated unique positive associations between family income and all domains of parents' emotional expressivity and negative associations between family income and parents' endorsement of collectivism and conformity. Parents' endorsement of collectivism was negatively associated with negative-dominant expressivity. We discuss implications of our findings for theories of culture and emotion, as well as for future intersectional approaches with Asian American populations.

Published
2019

37. New ‘shark skin’ tech could put China ahead in race for next-generation jet engine

Author

Chen, Stephen

Subjects
3D printing, Titanium alloys, Skin, Aircraft engines, Gas-turbines, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

A revolutionary shark skin structure inside a turbofan engine, which reduces drag by 10 per cent and significantly increases engine efficiency, has been created by a group of researchers in [...]

Published
2024

40. Scientists solve ‘black box’ issue of A.I. aircraft; Military researchers have made a breakthrough with a smart air combat system that can explain the decisions it makes during battles to humans

Author

Chen, Stephen

Subjects
United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Flying-machines -- Military aspects, Defense industry -- Military aspects, Scientists -- Military aspects, Defense industry, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

In the ancient northwestern city of Xian that gave rise to some of the most powerful dynasties in the country, a new power is emerging as scientists create a form [...]

Published
2024

42. Xinjiang cotton revolution helps overcome sanctions; Researchers detail how technology transformed textile sector and led to a record surge in exports

Author

Chen, Stephen

Subjects
Exports -- Technology application, Textile industry -- Exports, Technology application, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

A “revolutionary shift” in the ­technology used in Xinjiang’s textile mills has seen a record surge in exports, in defiance of US sanctions which have barred most Western fashion labels [...]

Published
2024

43. ‘Breakthrough’ in laser propulsion for submarines

Author

Chen, Stephen

Subjects
Submarine boats, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

Scientists developing China’s next-generation nuclear submarine technology say they have found a way to significantly improve the efficiency of the laser propellers that could one day drive the underwater vessels. [...]

Published
2024

44. New technology to better detect US stealth fighter

Author

Chen, Stephen

Subjects
Air forces, Ballistic missile defenses -- Innovations, Radar systems -- Innovations, Fighter planes -- Innovations, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

Researchers from the Chinese air force say they have developed radar technology aimed at better detecting the F-22 and other stealth aircraft. The US military has touted the F-22 as [...]

Published
2024

45. How a low-cost AI chip can boost a hypersonic weapon

Author

Chen, Stephen

Subjects
News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

A research team has created a step-by-step guide that allows anyone with a low-cost artificial intelligence chip to boost the performance of hypersonic weapons. The researchers installed a Nvidia Jetson [...]

Published
2024

46. China’s smart water cannon able to ‘subdue enemy without fighting’

Author

Chen, Stephen

Subjects
News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

The world’s first “smart” water cannon, controlled by artificial intelligence (AI), has been developed by researchers in central China – and it could take the non-lethal weapon to new heights. [...]

Published
2024

47. Earthquake led to advances in communication; The Tiantong Project, which was set up in wake of the 2008 Sichuan disaster, has resulted in some smartphones now supporting satellite calls

Author

Chen, Stephen

Subjects
Earthquakes -- China, Smart phones, Satellite communications, Smart phone, Satellite communications, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

In 2008, a massive magnitude-8 earthquake hit the southwestern province of Sichuan. More than 80,000 people were killed in a disaster compounded by disruptions to communications in many towns, which [...]

Published
2024

49. Hypersonics experts setting sights on rail safety; Researchers develop wheel sensor that could help high-speed network

Author

Chen, Stephen

Subjects
Sensors -- Safety and security measures, Passenger rail services -- Safety and security measures, High speed trains -- Safety and security measures, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

A group of scientists involved in the development of hypersonic weapons in China has created a mechanical sensor that could bolster safety on the country’s high-speed rail network – the [...]

Published
2024

50. Parental expressions of love in Chinese American immigrant families: Implications for children's attachment security.

Author

Williams, Aya Inamori, Liu, Chang, Zhou, Qing, Wu, Jinli, Meng, Lionel, Fang Deng, Xue, and Chen, Stephen H.

Subjects
IMMIGRANT families, CHINESE Americans, PARENTS, INCOME, PATH analysis (Statistics)
Abstract

Harlow's seminal work on the nature of attachment focused on the importance of warm, responsive, and loving relationships in children's healthy development. While the need for love and care is arguably universal, the ways in which these emotions are expressed can vary across cultural contexts. We examined how Chinese American parents' expressions of love were associated with children's attachment security. A total of 110 Chinese American immigrant parent–child dyads (children 7–11 years old, 49% girls) participated in 3‐min conversations in which parents were instructed to communicate love and care. Proposition‐level analyses in speech (total 8825 propositions) identified three types of affection: training (guan and chiao shun); relational affection (qin); and validation (acceptance and encouragement of child's own expression of emotion, thoughts, and behaviors). Higher training was observed in parents with lower American orientation and lower income. Higher relational affection was observed in parents with lower income. Higher validation was observed in parents with higher income. Using path analyses, training and validation were found to be positively associated with children's attachment security beyond parenting styles. Effects of parents' relational affection were moderated by children's American orientation. Results demonstrate how immigrant parents draw on multiple cultural scripts to express love and care. These findings expand traditional concepts of parental love in immigrant families and illustrate how bicultural expressions of love can shape attachment security in middle childhood. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://youtu.be/HqUfIDxkFsE Research Highlights: Analyses of parent‐child discussions identified three parental affection styles (i.e., training, relational affection, and validation) as expressions of love and care in Chinese American immigrant families.Training and validation were positively associated with children's attachment security.Relational affection was associated with lower attachment security for children with higher American cultural orientation, suggesting the effects of parent–child expressions of love are shaped by acculturation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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