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This study reports the first attempt to characterize the quality, defects, and strain of as‐grown monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC)‐based 2D materials through exciton anisotropy. A standard ellipsometric parameter (Ψ) to observe anisotropic exciton behavior in monolayer 2D materials is used. According to the strong exciton effect from phonon–electron coupling processes, the change in the exciton in the Van Hove singularity is sensitive to lattice distortions such as defects and strain. In comparison with Raman spectroscopy, the variations in exciton anisotropy in Ψ are more sensitive for detecting slight changes in the quality and strain of monolayer TMDC films. Moreover, the optical power requirement for TMDC characterization through exciton anisotropy in Ψ is ≈10−5 mW cm−2, which is significantly less than that of Raman spectroscopy (≈106 mW cm−2). The standard deviation of the signals varies with strain (defects) in Raman spectra and exciton anisotropies in Ψ are 0.700 (0.795) and 0.033 (0.073), indicating that exciton anisotropy is more sensitive to slight changes in the quality of monolayer TMDC films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, audiobooks began to gain a place in libraries and became part of library collections and services. The growing interest in including them in school and public libraries was concurrent with widespread use of audiocassettes at home and in business. Children and adults enjoy listening to audiobooks as much as listening to a story told by a live person. Educators and librarians welcome the audiobook to mainstream library materials for its potential education and entertainment value. The ultimate goal of using audiobooks with school children is to improve their reading skills and increase their reading interests, and some believe that reading difficulties resulting from lack of reading strategies can be overcome to some extent by using audiobooks. This article focuses on the benefits of audiobooks and the strategies of their use in schools.

Struggling readers exist in every school. As long as there are readers, there will be students who struggle and find reading a challenge. Helping struggling readers to read, comprehend, and enjoy print should be an essential task for library media specialists and teachers in all subjects since reading involves such a wide variety of materials: fiction, information books, illustrated books, magazines, and newspapers. Library media specialists can play a vital role in helping students who struggle to become proficient readers. With their specialized body of knowledge regarding books and reading, library media specialists are in a position to significantly influence a struggling reader's interest in books. This article addresses struggling readers' difficulties and the skills they need, and will suggest, as a partial solution, a supportive library media program through selection of appropriate materials and services.

Optical inspection is a rapid and non‐destructive method for characterizing the properties of two‐dimensional (2D) materials. With the aid of optical inspection, in situ and scalable monitoring of the properties of 2D materials can be implemented industrially to advance the development and progress of 2D material‐based devices toward mass production. This review discusses the optical inspection techniques that are available to characterize various 2D materials, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN), group‐III monochalcogenides, black phosphorus (BP), and group‐IV monochalcogenides. First, the authors provide an introduction to these 2D materials and the processes commonly used for their fabrication. Then they review several of the important structural properties of 2D materials, and discuss how to characterize them using appropriate optical inspection tools. The authors also describe the challenges and opportunities faced when applying optical inspection to recently developed 2D materials, from mechanically exfoliated to wafer‐scale‐grown 2D materials. Most importantly, the authors summarize the techniques available for largely and precisely enhancing the optical signals from 2D materials. This comprehensive review of the current status and perspective of future trends for optical inspection of the structural properties of 2D materials will facilitate the development of next‐generation 2D material‐based devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the searching behaviors of school children using the online catalog and the World Wide Web. The amount of information and search capability for the online catalog and the World Wide Web, though, differ to a great extent, students share several common problems in using them. They have problems in spelling and typing, phrasing of search terms, extracting key concept, formulating search strategy, and evaluating search results. Their specific problems of searching the World Wide Web include rapid navigation of the Internet, overuse of "Back" button and browsing strategy, and evaluating only the first screen. Teachers and media specialists need to address these problems in the instruction of information literacy skills so that students can fully utilize the power of online searching and become efficient information searchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: In transumbilical breast augmentation (TUBA) with prefilled silicone implants, technical challenges remain to accommodate more implant options and dissection planes. The authors aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of TUBA using various types of prefilled silicone implants (TUSBA) and its applicability for subglandular, subfascial, dual-plane implantation. In the early stage, TUSBA was primarily performed using endoscope-assisted blunt dissection, and later converted to full endoscopy dissection to achieve better results. An endoscope was used to confirm the pocket and check bleeding for both groups. For the endoscope-assisted group, surgical techniques were modified from conventional TUBA. In full endoscopy TUSBA, the entire dissection process was performed under endoscopic monitoring. Preliminary data of patients undergoing TUSBA from June of 2016 to April of 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Breast implants with smooth, textured, or nanotextured surface properties and round or anatomic shapes were used, with sizes up to 500 mL. Seventy-four patients with a mean age of 36.4 years (range, 21 to 55 years) were enrolled in this study. Follow-up ranged from 1 month to 4.5 years (mean, 15.6 months). No excessive postoperative pain in breast or abdomen was reported. Surgery outcomes were aesthetically pleasing in both groups. In the endoscope-assisted group, 3 patients (4.6%) required major revisional procedures. No revision was required in the full-endoscopy group. TUSBA with various types of silicone implants is feasible and accommodable to all dissection planes. The full-endoscopy technique is helpful in reducing the higher complication rate., Clinical Question/level of Evidence: Therapeutic, IV., (Copyright © 2023 by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.)

Background: Inpatient nursing care satisfaction is an important indicator of medical care quality. However, no reliable and validated tool is currently available in Taiwan to measure the satisfaction of inpatients with nursing care., Purpose: This pilot study developed a reliable and validated scale for measuring inpatient nursing care satisfaction in Taiwan., Methods: First phase: literature review and expert focus group discussion constructs the content of the questionnaire to be used to assess inpatient nursing care satisfaction. Second phase: experts were requested to validate questionnaire content. Third phase: convenience sampling was used to recruit 766 inpatients from 6 hospitals to complete the validated questionnaire. The data collected from the questionnaire were analyzed using item analysis, construct validity, and internal consistency. The results of analysis were used to determine the reliability and validity of the developed scale., Results: The 20-item Taiwanese inpatient nursing care satisfaction scale was developed, with a CVI (content validity index) of expert validity of .97, item discrimination CR (critical ratio) of 28.61-50.25 (p < .001), and item-total correlation of .68-.84 (p < .001). Two factors, including "professional knowledge & skill" and "environmental control" were extracted by exploratory factor analysis after the deletion of 5 items, with item factor loadings ranging from .61 to .84. The factors explained 71.40% of total variance. The internal consistency of the two categories of Cronbach's α was .94-.97 coefficient and the overall internal consistency coefficient was .97., Conclusions/implications for Practice: This study confirms the validity of the developed Taiwanese inpatient nursing care satisfaction scale and suggests that this instrument is reliable for measuring the satisfaction of inpatients with nursing care in Taiwan.