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Ameloblastomas are benign tumors associated with recurrence and morbidity. Mutations in the V-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) and smoothened (SMO) genes have been identified in ameloblastomas. The mutation rate of BRAF in different regions and mutation sites of SMO remains controversial. This study assesses the relationship between these mutations and clinicopathological features of ameloblastoma in Chinese patients. Ameloblastomas were surgically removed from 30 patients and BRAF gene polymorphisms were detected using DNA sequencing analysis. We also examined the relationship between BRAF or SMO mutations and clinicopathological parameters. BRAF V600E mutation was detected in 18 of 30 ameloblastomas. No significant correlation was found between BRAF V600E mutation and age, sex, location, histologic type, capsular invasion, or tumor recurrence. Five cases carried an SMO T364N mutation in exon 5, whereas six carried an SMO S590 T mutation in exon 10. The SMO mutation rate in patients aged ≤ 20 years was significantly higher than that in patients aged > 20 years. SMO T364N and S590 T mutations were closely related to age and capsular invasion. These findings indicate that BRAF V600E, SMO T364N, and SMO S590 T mutations play important roles in the pathogenesis of ameloblastoma. Key highlights The BRAF V600E mutation was highly prevalent in Chinese patients with ameloblastoma. SMO T364N and S590 T mutations are closely related to age and capsular invasion. The BRAF V600E, SMO T364N, and SMO S590 T mutations play important roles in the pathogenesis of ameloblastoma.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of resin infiltration in treating molar-incisor hypomineralization. Methods Twelve patients (36 teeth) with mild molar-incisor mineralization imperfecta who met the inclusion criteria were selected and treated with penetrating resin. Before treatment (T0), at the one-week follow-up (T1) and at the six-month follow-up (T2), a Crystaleye spectrophotometer was used to take photos, and the color differences (ΔE) between the lesion area and the surrounding normal enamel area at different times were calculated and analyzed. The area of the lesion and the total area of the labial surface of affected teeth were calculated using Adobe Photoshop CS3 software. The corresponding area ratio (R) and treatment efficiency (SR) were obtained. The R value was used to judge the effectiveness of resin penetration in the treatment of molar and incisor mineralization imperfecta and to evaluate its aesthetic effect. The results were analyzed by repeated measures one-way ANOVA. Results The color difference of the lesion area vs sound adjacent enamel (ΔE) decreased significantly, and that of the lesion area decreased significantly after resin infiltration (P < 0.001). The success rate was approximately 86.02%, which means that the esthetic effect of resin infiltration in treating molar-incisor hypomineralization was remarkable. No important adverse events or side effects were observed. Conclusion The aesthetic effect of resin infiltration in the treatment of mild molar and incisor hypomineralization is good. This method is recommended for clinical use.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of different Chinese patent medicines com - bined with clomiphene citrate (CC) in the treatment of infertility caused by ovulation disorders, by using a network meta-analysis. Method: The relevant randomized controlled trialsr(RCTs) of Chinese patent medicines were retrieved from PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP Databas from the time of database establishment to February 2023, and Stata 16.0 was used for network meta-analysis. Result: A total of 30 RCTs were included in this study, involving 2 647 patients and 12 Chinese patent medicines. According to the results of network meta-analysis:in terms of improving endometrial thickness, improving ovulation rate and pregnancy rate, the effect of Dingkun Dan, Guipi Pill, Tiaojingcuyun Pill combined with CC is optimal respectively. Conclusion: The efficacy of the included Chinese medicines combined with CC in ovulation infertility was better than CC alone. However, because of the study's shortcomings, large-scale high-quality clinical trials are needed in the future research to be verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]