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There exists an important connection between the development of the sports economy and the development of spatial characteristics, but the current development of spatial characteristics of sports economic linkages suffers from the lack of identification and screening of the subjects of interest and the inability to articulate the structure of the interests of each subject. The article adopts the research paradigm based on rooted theory to encode the game phenomenon of the spatial characteristics of sports economic linkages and constructs an evolutionary game model that integrates the sports administrative regulator, the supply side of community public sports services, and the demand side. The optimal equilibrium strategy to promote the sustainable development of urban community public sports services spatial governance is also explored by combining the Jacobian matrix and simulation experiments. Although the tripartite subjects play different dynamic roles at different stages of transformation, they all converge to the steady state of (1, 1, 1) in the end. In addition, the three have different evolutionary processes. First, the probability of choosing the support strategy in the economic core area decreases and then rises, while the probability of government support and mass recognition both increase. The economic core area, government support, and mass recognition are all experiencing a gradual increase. Finally, the probability of mass recognition shows a first decline and then a rise, while the probability of economic core area and government support continues to show an increase, and the three finally evolve into a (1, 1, 1) strategy steady state.

In recent years, sudden water pollution accidents have frequently occurred and seriously endangered people's drinking water safety. Early warnings for water pollution accidents has become the core work for emergency response and sparked substantial research. However, risk assessments for different water receptors still needs to be solved for the early warning of water pollution accidents. This paper proposes a new early warning assessment method based on water quality models for different receptors, divided into the water source area (including drinking water source area and agricultural water use area) and the non-water source area. The constructed method was applied to the Three Gorges Dam area in China to simulate a phosphorus leakage accident caused by a traffic accident. Based on the EFDC model, the migration evolution process and the distribution change characteristics of phosphorus were simulated. Accordingly, the different risk levels of zones between the incident site and the downstream drinking water source area were obtained. The application results show that the risk warning system for sudden water pollution accidents based on the water quality model proposed in this paper can be applied to provide scientific support for the emergency response of sudden water pollution accidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper concerns a classical subject regarding the structural properties of abelian number fields. The primitive elements, integral bases, conductors and discriminants are important for studying abelian number fields, and this paper emphasizes that they are closely related to the associated Dirichlet characters. Then by evaluating the Gauss sums, we can give explicit forms of abelian fields of small degree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Estuaries are significant contributors to greenhouse gases (GHGs) in waterways. However, the effects of human activities and ecological variables on GHG emissions in estuaries remain poorly understood. This study examines the patterns and causes of GHG emissions in the Scheldt Estuary, focusing on the roles of salinity, water contamination, and land use. The findings indicate that salinity negatively impacts the release of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O), likely due to reduced salt levels and cleaner water upstream. Water contamination's influence on GHG emissions was more pronounced in cleaner, upriver sites compared to saltier downstream locations. Specifically, CO 2 emissions quadrupled, and N 2 O emissions tripled as water conditions worsened from healthy (near the mouth, bordered by agricultural land) to polluted (farther downstream, bordered by urban areas). Methane (CH 4 ) emissions were significantly higher in aquatic locations than in salty sites. The reduced impact of contamination from downstream to the river mouth may be due to increasing population density. Urban sites emitted about twice as much CO 2 and N 2 O as those in natural and industrial areas. Machine learning analysis also showed that fertilizers and organic enrichment, along with salinity, significantly increased GHG emissions. These results highlight the importance of understanding the interplay of salinity, water contamination, and land use in influencing GHG emissions in coastal ecosystems., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of fibreoptic endoscopic of sallowing （FEES） in the assessment of pharyngeal dysphagia in post-irradiated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Method: Fifty-three NPC patients with post-irradiated underwent FEES and video fluoroscopy（VF）.The results were analyzed using the Bolus Residue Scale and Rosenbek's penetration aspiration scale. Result: The agreement in the detection of penetration and aspiration between FEES and VF of liquid（κ=0.56, 95% CI 0.38-0.73） and porridge（κ=0.64, 95% CI 0.43-0.81） was "fair". The detection rates of penetration on FEES with liquid and porridge were 60% and 51%, the detection rates of aspiration on VF with liquid and porridge were 70% and 53%. There were no statistical differences. The agreement in the detection of pharyngeal residue between FEES and VF of liquid （κ=0.38, 95% CI 0.12-0.62） and porridge （κ=0.66, 95% CI 0.44-0.86） was "fair". The detection rates of pharyngeal residue on FEES and VF with porridge were 43% and 45%, the difference was not statistically significant. The detection rates of pharyngeal residue on FEES and VF with liquid were 44% and 24%, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: FEES is an effective and valuable tool for evaluating pharyngeal dysphagia in post-irradiated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play an important role in regulating blood flow and pressure by contracting and relaxing in response to a variety of mechanical stimuli. A fully differentiated and functional VSMC should have both the ability to contract and relax in response to environmental stimuli. In addition, it should have the proper mechanical properties to sustain the mechanically active vascular environment. Stem cells can differentiate towards VSMC lineages and so could be used as a potential treatment for vascular repair. However, few studies have assessed the time it takes for stems cells to acquire similar mechanical property to native VSMCs during differentiation. In our study, changes in the mechanical properties of differentiating bone marrow and adipose-derived stem cells were determined by using atomic force microscopy indentation. Overall, bone marrow derived stem cells achieved higher elastic moduli than adipose tissue derived stem cell during differentiation. Immunofluorescence shows that both stem cell types have increasing VSMC-specific markers over differentiation. While adipose-derived stem cells were softer, they expressed slightly higher αSMA than the bone marrow cells as investigated by RT-PCR. Further investigations are required to better determine the appropriate mechanical environment for vascular smooth muscle differentiation., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors have no competing financial interests to disclose.

Objective: To analyze the EGG of laryngeal diseases and to evaluate the significance of Electroglottgrapihc waveform in the diagnosis of laryngeal diseases., Method: The computer multimedia program of Dr. Speech science for Windows was used to obtain the EGG parameters in 120 cases of vocal polyp, 42 cases of vocal nodule, 21 cases of vocal cord paralysis, 42 cases of laryngeal cancer and 38 cases of Reinke's edema. The ECG parameters were analyzed., Result: The special abnormal changes in the waves of EGG were related to the formation (type, position and size ) of laryngeal disease., Conclusion: The changes of Electroglottgraphic waveform perform a quantitative and objective index to the diagnosis of the laryngeal disease.