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Background: Information on the comparison of blood microbiota between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and HIV-uninfected patients with suspected sepsis by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is limited. Methods: Retrospectively analysis was conducted in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients with suspected sepsis at Changsha First Hospital (China) from March 2019 to August 2022. Patients who underwent blood mNGS testing were enrolled. The blood microbiota detected by mNGS were analyzed. Results: A total of 233 patients with suspected sepsis who performed blood mNGS were recruited in this study, including 79 HIV-infected and 154 HIV-uninfected patients. Compared with HIV-uninfected patients, the proportions of mycobacterium (p = 0.001), fungus (p < 0.001) and viruses (p < 0.001) were significantly higher, while the proportion of bacteria (p = 0.001) was significantly lower in HIV-infected patients. The higher positive rates of non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM, p = 0.022), Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) (p = 0.014), Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) (p < 0.001) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) (p < 0.001) were observed in HIV-infected patients, compared with HIV-uninfected patients. In addition, compared with HIV-uninfected patients, the constituent ratio of T. marneffei (p < 0.001) in the fungus spectrum were significantly higher, while the constituent ratios of Candida (p < 0.001) and Aspergillus (p = 0.001) were significantly lower in HIV-infected patients. Conclusions: Significant differences in the blood microbiota profiles exist between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients with suspected sepsis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the dual carbon target, circulating fluidized bed boilers are not only a coal-fired power generation technology with great commercial value and development potential for refining enterprises, but also the main source of carbon emissions in refining enterprises. With the development of CFB boiler technology and the increasing capacity of boilers, the problem of poor air-fuel mixing caused by the position and method of inletting feedstock and air during the operation of large industrial CFB boilers has gradually become prominent. In order to improve the combustion efficiency and stability of coal-fired circulating fluidized bed boilers and reduce CO2 emissions, this study developed an Fe-based oxygen carrier based on the principle of OCAC technology, and analyzed the performance of the oxygen carrier on a bubbling bed reactor and a 0.3 MW/h CFB coal-fired reactor. Fe-based oxygen carrier has excellent performance of oxygen absorption and oxygen release, the CO conversion rate can reach more than 88% on the bubbling bed reactor, and reach 52% ~65% on the 0.3 MW/h CFB reactor. The emissions of pollutants such as NOx and SO2 in the flue gas have been reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well accepted that the high performance of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) relies on the microbial community in activated sludge (AS). Hence, it is crucial to illuminate the geographic distributions and influencing factors of the ecological strategies employed by the AS microbial community. Here, we investigated how the ecological strategies of AS microbial communities influenced their ecological characteristics in 60 WWTPs across 15 cities in China. Our study showed that the average rrn copy number of the whole AS microbial community across China was 2.25 ± 0.12. The highest average rrn copy number of the core community indicated that core members tend to be r-strategists with an advantage in rapid pollutant removal and recovery of the community after environmental disturbances. High nutrient availability promoted microorganisms with higher average rrn copy numbers, while long sludge retention time (SRT) was preferred to the microorganisms with lower average rrn copy numbers. Homogenous selection and dispersal limitation were the predominant assembling processes at the city level, with a shift from deterministic to stochastic processes with increasing average rrn copy numbers. Furthermore, more r-strategists participated in chemoheterotrophic functions, while more K-strategists were related to the nitrification processes. Overall, our findings enrich the knowledge of AS microbial ecology and lay the theoretical foundation for the precise regulation of WWTPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The carbon circular economy is a new idea to achieve a circular economy that is green and low-carbon and respond to global climate change. It is a more sustainable, carbon-neutral, and zero-emission energy system solution. China can create a cutting-edge economic system of low-carbon circular development, improve the capacity of sustainable development, reach the carbon peak on time, and subsequently achieve carbon neutrality by developing a circular carbon economy. According to the analysis of the connotation of carbon cycle economy, this paper discusses the influencing factors, difficulties, and challenges of carbon cycle economy in the current era, puts forward the principles of reduction, reuse, and recycling of carbon cycle economy, explains the importance and necessity of the background and development of carbon cycle economy, and constructs the development model of carbon cycle economy based on the "3R" principle. Finally, this study put forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the creation of a carbon-cycle economy.