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2. Relationship of perceived stress with cognitive flexibility and life satisfaction and mindfulness-based cognitive intervention in new recruits

Author

ZHANG Yiwei, PENG Li, and XU Chen, LI Min

Subjects
perceived stress, cognitive flexibility, life satisfaction, cued task-switching, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Objective To explore the relationship of cognitive flexibility with perceived stress and life satisfaction in new recruits, construct a mindfulness-based cognitive intervention program, and investigate the impact of this program on cognitive flexibility and life satisfaction in the participants. Methods Cluster sampling was applied to select new recruits from a unit, and 965 participants were surveyed with questionnaires. The assessment instruments included Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS), Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Among them, 61 new recruits were divided into a training group (n=31) and a control group (n=30). The training group received a mindfulness-based cognitive intervention for 6 weeks, and the control group only received mental health education every week. The training efficacy were evaluated with questionnaires and behavioral experiment (cued task-switching paradigm). Results ① Perceived stress was significantly negatively correlated with cognitive flexibility and life satisfaction (r=-0.78, P < 0.01; r=-0.64, P < 0.01), and cognitive flexibility and life satisfaction were positively correlated (r=0.59, P < 0.01); ② The mediating effect was observed in cognitive flexibility between recruits' perceived stress affecting life satisfaction, with a mediating effect size of -0.12, accounting for 29.27% of the total effect; ③ After intervention, there were significant differences between the 2 groups of new recruits in terms of cognitive flexibility, life satisfaction, accuracy and reaction time in the cued task-switching paradigm, with those of the training group obviously better than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The training group obtained notably improvements in above scores after intervention (P < 0.05), but no such changes were observed in the control group. Conclusion Mindfulness-based cognitive intervention can effectively improve cognitive flexibility and life satisfaction for new recruits.

Published
2024
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3. Evaluation of Synthetically Generated CT for use in Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Procedures

Author

Liu, Han, Sigona, Michelle K., Manuel, Thomas J., Chen, Li Min, Dawant, Benoit M., and Caskey, Charles F.

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) is a therapeutic ultrasound method that focuses sound through the skull to a small region noninvasively and often under MRI guidance. CT imaging is used to estimate the acoustic properties that vary between individual skulls to enable effective focusing during tFUS procedures, exposing patients to potentially harmful radiation. A method to estimate acoustic parameters in the skull without the need for CT would be desirable. Here, we synthesized CT images from routinely acquired T1-weighted MRI by using a 3D patch-based conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) and evaluated the performance of synthesized CT (sCT) images for treatment planning with tFUS. We compared the performance of sCT to real CT (rCT) images for tFUS planning using Kranion and simulations using the acoustic toolbox, k-Wave. Simulations were performed for 3 tFUS scenarios: 1) no aberration correction, 2) correction with phases calculated from Kranion, and 3) phase shifts calculated from time-reversal. From Kranion, skull density ratio, skull thickness, and number of active elements between rCT and sCT had Pearson's Correlation Coefficients of 0.94, 0.92, and 0.98, respectively. Among 20 targets, differences in simulated peak pressure between rCT and sCT were largest without phase correction (12.4$\pm$8.1%) and smallest with Kranion phases (7.3$\pm$6.0%). The distance between peak focal locations between rCT and sCT was less than 1.3 mm for all simulation cases. Real and synthetically generated skulls had comparable image similarity, skull measurements, and acoustic simulation metrics. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of replacing real CTs with the MR-synthesized CT for tFUS planning. Source code and a docker image with the trained model are available at https://github.com/han-liu/SynCT_TcMRgFUS, Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2202.10136

Published
2022

4. Synthetic CT Skull Generation for Transcranial MR Imaging-Guided Focused Ultrasound Interventions with Conditional Adversarial Networks

Author

Liu, Han, Sigona, Michelle K., Manuel, Thomas J., Chen, Li Min, Caskey, Charles F., and Dawant, Benoit M.

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Transcranial MRI-guided focused ultrasound (TcMRgFUS) is a therapeutic ultrasound method that focuses sound through the skull to a small region noninvasively under MRI guidance. It is clinically approved to thermally ablate regions of the thalamus and is being explored for other therapies, such as blood brain barrier opening and neuromodulation. To accurately target ultrasound through the skull, the transmitted waves must constructively interfere at the target region. However, heterogeneity of the sound speed, density, and ultrasound attenuation in different individuals' skulls requires patient-specific estimates of these parameters for optimal treatment planning. CT imaging is currently the gold standard for estimating acoustic properties of an individual skull during clinical procedures, but CT imaging exposes patients to radiation and increases the overall number of imaging procedures required for therapy. A method to estimate acoustic parameters in the skull without the need for CT would be desirable. Here, we synthesized CT images from routinely acquired T1-weighted MRI by using a 3D patch-based conditional generative adversarial network and evaluated the performance of synthesized CT images for treatment planning with transcranial focused ultrasound. We compared the performance of synthetic CT to real CT images using Kranion and k-Wave acoustic simulation. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of replacing real CT with the MR-synthesized CT for TcMRgFUS planning., Comment: Accepted by SPIE Medical Imaging 2022

Published
2022

20. A novel prognostic index for sporadic Burkitt lymphoma in adult patients: a real-word multicenter study

Author

Chen, Mei-ting, Pan, Fei, Chen, Yung-chang, Zhang, Wei, Lv, Hui-juan, Wang, Zhao, Hong, Huang-ming, Fang, Xiao-jie, Wang, Ya-wen, Pan, Tao, Zou, Li-qun, Guo, Hong-qiang, Xie, Ke, Chen, Li-min, Li, Xiao-qian, Yao, Yu-yi, Chen, Ze-geng, Weng, Hua-wei, Li, Xu-dong, Shen, Yuan-yuan, Zhou, Hui, Xue, Hong-wei, Zhang, Hui-lai, Huang, He, and Lin, Tong-yu

Published
2022
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27. Practical Targeting Errors During Optically Tracked Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Using MR-ARFI and Array- Based Steering

Author

Phipps, M. Anthony, Manuel, Thomas J., Sigona, Michelle K., Luo, Huiwen, Yang, Pai-Feng, Newton, Allen, Chen, Li Min, Grissom, William, and Caskey, Charles F.

Abstract

Objective: Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) is being explored for neuroscience research and clinical applications due to its ability to affect precise brain regions noninvasively. The ability to target specific brain regions and localize the beam during these procedures is important for these applications to avoid damage and minimize off-target effects. Here, we present a method to combine optical tracking with magnetic resonance (MR) acoustic radiation force imaging to achieve targeting and localizing of the tFUS beam. This combined method provides steering coordinates to target brain regions within a clinically practical time frame. Methods: Using an optically tracked hydrophone and bias correction with MR imaging we transformed the FUS focus coordinates into the MR space for targeting and error correction. We validated this method in vivo in 18 macaque FUS studies. Results: Across these in vivo studies a single localization scan allowed for the average targeting error to be reduced from 4.8 mm to 1.4 mm and for multiple brain regions to be targeted with one transducer position. Conclusions: By reducing targeting error and providing the means to target multiple brain regions within a single session with high accuracy this method will allow further study of the effects of tFUS neuromodulation with more advanced approaches such as simultaneous dual or multi-site brain stimulation.

Published
2024
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28. Design and Validation of a Patient-Specific Stereotactic Frame for Transcranial Ultrasound Therapy

Author

Kusunose, Jiro, Rodriguez, William J., Luo, Huiwen, Manuel, Thomas J., Phipps, M. Anthony, Yang, Pai-Feng, Grissom, William A., Konrad, Peter E., Chen, Li Min, Dawant, Benoit M., and Caskey, Charles F.

Abstract

Transcranial-focused ultrasound (tFUS) procedures such as neuromodulation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening require precise focus placement within the brain. MRI is currently the most reliable tool for focus localization but can be prohibitive for procedures requiring recurrent therapies. We designed, fabricated, and characterized a patient-specific, 3-D-printed, stereotactic frame for repeated tFUS therapy. The frame is compact, with minimal footprint, can be removed and re-secured between treatments while maintaining sub-mm accuracy, and will allow for precise and repeatable transcranial FUS treatment without the need for MR-guidance following the initial calibration scan. Focus localization and repeatability were assessed via MR-thermometry and MR-acoustic radiation force imaging (ARFI) on an ex vivo skull phantom and in vivo nonhuman primates (NHPs), respectively. Focal localization, registration, steering, and re-steering were accomplished during the initial MRI calibration scan session. Keeping steering coordinates fixed in subsequent therapy and imaging sessions, we found good agreement between steered foci and the intended target, with target registration error (TRE) of $1.2~\pm ~0.3$ ( ${n} =4$ , ex vivo) and $1.0~\pm ~0.5$ ( ${n} =3$ , in vivo) mm. Focus position (steered and non-steered) was consistent, with sub-mm variation in each dimension between studies. Our 3-D-printed, patient-specific stereotactic frame can reliably position and orient the ultrasound transducer for repeated targeting of brain regions using a single MR-based calibration. The compact frame allows for high-precision tFUS to be carried out outside the magnet and could help reduce the cost of tFUS treatments where repeated application of an ultrasound focus is required with high precision.

Published
2024
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29. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of ARM gene family in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.).

Author

LIU Zhen, CHEN Li-Min, LI Zhi-Tao, ZHU Jin-Yong, WANG Wei-Lu, QI Zhe-Ying, YAO Pan-Feng, BI Zhen-Zhen, SUN Chao, BAI Jiang-Ping, and LIU Yu-Hui

Abstract

The armadillo repeats (Armadillo repeats) are widely distributed in higher plants and are involved in a variety of cellular processes such as signal transduction, nuclear transport, and the response to various biotic/abiotic stresses. In this study, 54 potato ARM gene family members (StARMs) were identified at the genome-wide level of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), and they were unevenly distributed on 12 chromosomes. Based on their protein structure and phylogenetic characteristics, 54 StARMs were divided into three subfamilies. Segmental duplication events play a major role in the expansion of potato StARM gene family. Collinearity analysis showed that there were 51, 17, 25, 6, and 10 orthologous gene pairs between StARMs and tomato, Arabidopsis, cabbage, rice, and maize, respectively, which evolved under purification selection. RNA-seq data analysis showed that four StARMs genes were specifically expressed in the stolon, two StARMs were specifically expressed in the root and carpel, and one StARM gene was specifically expressed in the tuber. Some StARM genes were involved in potato response to biotic/abiotic stresses. In addition, we performed RNA-seq on three different colored potato tuber tissues (skin and flesh) and analyzed the relative expression pattern of 54 StARMs genes in different colored potato tuber tissues and the StARMs in potato flesh in three different colored potatoes by qPCR. Four candidate genes that may be involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in potato tubers were screened. This study provides a theoretical basis for further understanding the characteristics of the StARM gene family and further analyzing the function of the StARM gene in potato resistance to biotic/abiotic stresses and regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in tubers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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41. Low-Temperature III–V Direct Wafer Bonding Surface Preparation Using a UV-Sulfur Process

Author

Jackson, Michael J., Chen, Li-Min, Kumar, Ankit, Yang, Yang, and Goorsky, Mark S.

Subjects
Material Science, Solid State Physics, Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation, Characterization and Evaluation of Materials, Optical and Electronic Materials, Wafer bonding, materials integration, III–V, sulfur passivation
Abstract

A technique for direct wafer bonding of III–V materials utilizing a dry sulfur passivation method is presented. Large-area bonding occurs for GaAs/GaAs and InP/InP at room temperature. Bulk fracture strength is achieved after annealing GaAs/GaAs at 400°C and InP/InP at 300°C for times less than 12 h without large compressive forces. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements of the treated, bonded, and subsequently delaminated surfaces of GaAs/GaAs confirm that sulfide is present at the interface and that the oxide components show a reduced concentration when compared with samples treated with only an oxide etch solution.

Published
2011

44. Bulk Contact Between Silver Nanowires Top Electrode and Interface Layer Enables High Performance of Full‐Solution‐Processed Semitransparent Organic Solar Cell Module

Author

Zha, Wusong, primary, Chen, Li-Min, additional, Sun, Shaoming, additional, Gao, Xiaomei, additional, Han, Yunfei, additional, Liu, Tong, additional, Luo, Qun, additional, Chao, Yu-Chiang, additional, Zan, Hsiao-Wen, additional, Meng, Hsin-Fei, additional, Zhu, Xiaozhang, additional, and Ma, Chang-Qi, additional

Published
2023
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