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Surface sterilization and hazardous chemical degradation under ambient conditions can provide significant benefits for public and environmental health. Materials with sterilization and chemical degradation capacity under sunlight can efficiently reduce infectious disease incidence rates and toxic chemical exposure. Utilizing renewable energy for sustainable sterilization and degradation is more desirable as it reduces the potential secondary contamination. Herein, we report functional structure design using lignin, a renewable carbon heterogeneous polymer, to synthesize a highly efficient and stable photocatalyst that degrades environmentally hazardous organic compounds rapidly. Through a hydrolysis reaction between Ti–OH and the hydroxyl groups of lignin, Ti–O–C and Ti–O–Ti bonds were established and a lignin based photocatalyst with a hollow sphere structure (Clignin@H-TiO2) was formed. The presence of a homozygous carbon modified TiO2 structure contributes to the enhanced photodegradation activity with solar light. The close hetero-interfacial contact between carbonized lignin and TiO2 further improves the photocatalytic efficiency by facilitating effective charge carrier separation. After synthesis optimization, the resulting Clignin@H-TiO2 photocatalyst exhibits excellent performance in the degradation of atenolol under solar light irradiation with 100% degradation within five minutes. Additionally, it efficiently removes approximately 50% of PFOA and kills about 90% of bacteria within three hours. The uniform distribution of lignin within the crosslinking structures ensures a durable carbon modified TiO2 framework, which remains stable after 10 cycles of usage. The robustness of the lignin-based photocatalyst enables incorporating the catalyst into diversified material formats and various usages. Coating of the photocatalyst onto device surfaces shows bacterial killing efficacy under sunlight. The photocatalysts based on lignin valorization present a green chemistry approach for environmental remediation and surface sterilization, which has long-term environmental protection benefits, with broad applications in toxin treatment and health protection against pathogen infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The human intestinal microbiota has an important role in the maintenance of human health and disease pathogenesis. The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of four media on human intestinal microbiota metabolite and composition changes, we performed in vitro batch culture using intestinal microbiota samples from three fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) donors. After 48 h culture, gut microbiota medium (GMM) had the highest production of acetic acid (73.00 ± 7.56 mM) and propionic acid (16.79 ± 1.59 mM), bacterial growth media (BGM) had the highest production of butyric acid (13.39 ± 0.56 mM). In addition, brain heart infusion (BHI) promoted (p

The multiactive-bridge (MAB) structure has obvious efficiency and cost advantages in multiport power electric transformer, but it brings the characteristics of strong current coupling of each transformer. To improve the dynamic response speed of MAB and reduce the coupling characteristics, a high-frequency current predictive control (CPC) method for MAB is proposed in this letter. The controller uses the enhanced single-phase shift modulation method to adjust the phase shift angle and duty cycle of four ports at the same time so that the high-frequency current can be adjusted in several switching cycles. In the proposed CPC method, the influence of control delay is analyzed and compensated, and the dc offset, which may occur in the dynamic process is analyzed and gives corresponding solutions. More importantly, the proposed CPC method can be extended to the power predictive control method to realize power decoupling of multiple ports of MAB. The parameter robustness of current and power predictive control is analyzed briefly in this letter. The proposed control method is validated on a hardware-in-loop simulation platform based on RT-lab. Experiment results show the superior dynamic performance and good robustness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]