Search

Brain functional hypernetworks have been successfully utilized in the diagnosis of brain diseases.In the previous study,the different hyper-edge generation method was mainly used to improve the construction of the hyper-network,which ignored the influence of different nodes definitions on the brain functional hyper-network topology.Therefore,in light of this problem,it is proposed to construct a brain functional hyper-network based on parcellation of different scales,so as to analyze its impact on brain functional hyper-network topology and classification performance.Specifically,firstly,based on the anatomical automatic labeling atlas,the brain was segmented by the method of clustering algorithm and the random dynamic seed point;secondly,based on the average time series obtained under each node scale,the brain functional hyper-network was constructed by the LASSO method respectively;then multiple sets of local features (node degree,shortest path,clustering coefficient) were extracted,and non-parametric tests and correlation-based methods were used to select features with difference;finally,support vector machine was adopted to build classification model.The classification results show that as the size of nodes increases,the classification accuracy of the constructed brain functional hyper-network is higher.When the node scale is 1501,the classification accuracy can reach 95.45%.Meanwhile,the classification accuracy of multi-scale fusion is better than that of any scale,which indicate different node definitions will affect the topology of the brain functional hyper-network.In future research,besides focusing to the construction method of the hyper-edge,the choice of brain parcellation scheme needs more attention in hyper-network.Moreover,combining multi-scale features can supplement more classification information to enhance the classification performance of depression and normal control.In addition,regardless of the size of the node,the classification performance of multiple sets of local properties is better than that of a single type of properties,which illustrates multiple sets of local property can make up for the missing information of a type of single feature,thereby discovering more brain disease biological markers.While effectively representing the brain functional hyper-network,it is also necessary to quantify the brain functional hyper-network topology information from multiple angles,so that the ability to characterize differences between groups can be enhanced,and the ability to diagnose and predict brain diseases can be improved.

Skin cancers continue to present unresolved challenges, particularly regarding the association with sex hormones, which remains a topic of controversy. A systematic review is currently warranted to address these issues. To analyze if sex hormones result in a higher incidence of skin cancers (cutaneous melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma). Data sources and study selection—The database of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science (WOS) was searched until July 3, 2024. The search yielded 1016 articles. 42 eligible studies were identified for meta-analysis. Data extraction and synthesis—Eligible trials reported skin cancer data and outcomes, confirming diagnoses and collecting hormone use information. Other extracted data included study methods, demographics, and reproductive factor. Relative risk (RR) and odds ratios (OR) and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), were synthesized after adjusting. The primary outcome was the incidence of cutaneous melanoma and non-cutaneous melanoma. 95% CI and OR are estimate effects. Participants using oral contraceptives (OCs) showed a higher incidence of cutaneous melanoma (CM) [OR 1.08, 95%CI 1.03–1.13, p < 0.01]. There is positively related statistic difference in Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) [OR 1.37, 95%CI 1.15–1.63, p < 0.01]. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was associated with a higher incidence of CM [OR 1.18, 95%CI 1.13–1.24, p < 0.01]. And for non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), HRT also increased the incidence [OR 1.13, 95%CI 1.03–1.24, p = 0.01]. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) also showed an increased incidence of CM [OR 1.09, 95%CI 1.00–1.18, p < 0.05]. For age at first birth, > 30 years demonstrated a positive correlation with increased the incidence of CM [OR 1.21, 95%CI 1.00–1.46, p = 0.05]. OCs and HRT were associated with increased risks of skin cancers. MHT elevated the risk of CM. In women whose menopause age was older than 50 years, endogenous sex hormones decreased gradually, which caused higher risks of skin cancers. First birth aged older than 30 years indicated increasing effects of skin cancers. Trial registration number : CRD42024517445 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metabolic abnormalities are an important feature of tumours. The glutamine-arginine-proline axis is an important node of cancer metabolism and plays a major role in amino acid metabolism. This axis also acts as a scaffold for the synthesis of other nonessential amino acids and essential metabolites. In this paper, we briefly review (1) the glutamine addiction exhibited by tumour cells with accelerated glutamine transport and metabolism; (2) the methods regulating extracellular glutamine entry, intracellular glutamine synthesis and the fate of intracellular glutamine; (3) the glutamine, proline and arginine metabolic pathways and their interaction; and (4) the research progress in tumour therapy targeting the glutamine-arginine-proline metabolic system, with a focus on summarising the therapeutic research progress of strategies targeting of one of the key enzymes of this metabolic system, P5CS (ALDH18A1). This review provides a new basis for treatments targeting the metabolic characteristics of tumours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of brain function hypernetwork plays an important role in the accurate diagnosis of brain diseases.At pre-sent,there are a variety of hypernetwork construction methods used in the classification of brain diseases,but these methods do not take into account the overlap between groups.Studies have shown that the overlap between groups may affect the construction of related hypernetwork models and the classification application after construction.Therefore,if only non-overlapping group structures are used,it will limit its applicability in hypernetwork.Aiming at the hypernetwork construction method that has been applied to the study of brain disease classification,when constructing the hypernetwork model,the problem of partial overlap between groups and the problem of attribute singleness in the feature extraction stage are not considered,a method of overlapping group lasso with multi-feature fusion analysis is proposed.This research method is used in the construction of hypernetwork and applied to the diagnosis of depression.The results show that the classification performance of overlapping group lasso method is better than that of other existing methods in both pure clustering coefficient attribute and multi-feature fusion analysis.Under the overlapping group lasso method,the multi-feature fusion analysis achieves a higher classification accuracy than use the clustering coefficient attribute analysis alone,reaches 87.87%.

As a kind of dynamic behavior,robustness is also a research hotspot in the field of hypernetworks,which has important practical significance for the construction of robust networks.Although there are more and more researches on hypernetwork,the dynamic research is relatively less,especially in the field of neural imaging.Most of the existing researches on brain functional hypernetworks are about the static topological properties of the networks,and there is no relevant research on the dynamic characteristics robustness of brain functional hypernetworks.To solve these problems,lasso,group lasso and sparse group lasso me-thods are used to solve the sparse linear regression model to construct a hypernetwork.Then,based on the two experimental mo-dels of deliberate attack,node degree and node betweenness attack,the robustness of brain functional hypernetwork in response to node failure is explored by using the global efficiency and the relative size of the largest connected subgraph.Finally,a comparative analysis is made to explore a more stable network.The experimental results show that the hypernetwork constructed by group lasso and sparse group lasso is more robust in intentional attack mode.At the same time,the hypernetwork constructed by group lasso method is the most stable.

In order to study the effect of supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) on the mechanical properties of granite located in and near the core of the CO2-based enhanced geothermal system (EGS) region, fluid–rock interaction experiments were conducted at 210, 240 and 270 ℃. Three test conditions were used: (1) ScCO2 and dry granite; (2) ScCO2, water vapor and granite; and (3) ScCO2 and granite soaked in water for 24 h. The P-wave velocity, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and Young’s modulus of all ScCO2- treated granite samples and one untreated granite sample were obtained by carrying out the wave velocity tests and uniaxial compression tests. The wave velocity tests showed that the P-wave velocities of all ScCO2-treated granite samples were reduced compared to that of the untreated sample. The uniaxial compression test showed that the UCS and Young’s modulus were almost not affected. From the failure mode, it can be seen that the untreated granite more likely presented the brittle tensile failure, while the treated sample showed more likely shear failure. As the temperature increased, the failure mode became more and more close to shear failure. Experimental results showed that the ScCO2 induced slight damage to the granite under dry or a little water condition, causing a slight decrease in the brittleness, and a small increase in the plasticity. The P-wave velocity decreased slightly and the impact on the granite strength can be negligible. Therefore, the interaction of CO2–rock will not cause obvious effect on the mechanical properties of granite located in and near the core of the CO2–EGS region.

Functional group translocation is undoubtedly a pivotal synthetic transformation in organic chemistry. Numerous types of reactions involving radical 1,2‐aryl or 1,4‐aryl migration via electron transfer mechanism have been extensively investigated. Nevertheless, energy‐transfer enabled 1,4‐arylation remains unknown. Herein we disclose that an unprecedented di‐π‐ethane rearrangement featuring 1,4‐aryl migration facilitated by energy transfer catalysis under visible light conditions. The newly developed mild protocol exhibits tolerance towards diverse functional groups and enables the migration of a multitude of aromatic rings, encompassing both electron‐withdrawing and electron‐rich functional groups. The open‐shell strategy has also found successful application in the modification of several drugs. Large‐scale experiments, continuous‐flow experiment, and versatile manipulation of products have demonstrated the robustness and potential utility of this synthetic method. Preliminary mechanistic studies have supported the involvement of radical species in this di‐π‐ethane rearrangement and have also provided evidence for the energy transfer mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The accurate segregation of homologous chromosomes during the Meiosis I reductional division in most sexually reproducing eukaryotes requires crossing over between homologs. In baker's yeast approximately 80% of meiotic crossovers result from Mlh1 – Mlh3 and Exo1 acting to resolve double-Holliday junction intermediates in a biased manner. Little is known about how Mlh1 – Mlh3 is recruited to recombination intermediates to perform its role in crossover resolution. We performed a gene dosage screen in baker's yeast to identify novel genetic interactors with Mlh1 – Mlh3. Specifically, we looked for genes whose lowered dosage reduced meiotic crossing over using sensitized mlh3 alleles that disrupt the stability of the Mlh1 – Mlh3 complex and confer defects in mismatch repair but do not disrupt meiotic crossing over. To our surprise we identified genetic interactions between MLH3 and DMC1 , the recombinase responsible for recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. We then showed that Mlh3 physically interacts with Dmc1 in vitro and in vivo. Partial complementation of Mlh3 crossover functions was observed when MLH3 was expressed under the control of the CLB1 promoter (NDT80 regulon), suggesting that Mlh3 function can be provided late in meiotic prophase at some functional cost. A model for how Dmc1 could facilitate Mlh1 – Mlh3 's role in crossover resolution is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]