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In the manuscript, the piezoelectric functional element was prepared by slicing and adding method using piezoelectric ceramic PZT-5H and ordinary silicate cement 42.5 was as base materials, and then a 2-2 type cement-based piezoelectric composite sensor was prepared by an encapsulated epoxy resin. The experimental and simulation analysis was carried out to obtain the quasi-static linear sensitivity of the electromechanical response of the sample under conditions of compressive loading. The development process of the sample from local failure to overall fragmentation was observed using a high-speed camera. Found that the electrical nonlinear threshold of 35 MPa appeared before the mechanical nonlinear threshold. Further, the results showed that when the loading frequency was increased from 5 to 15 Hz under equal amplitude, the response waveform remained unchanged, however, the electrical displacement was attenuated by 19.7%. Packaging schemes using various lengths and thicknesses of an epoxy layer were conducted by using simulation. It is indicated that, under the premise of ensuring the protection package and considering the manufacturing process, the length of the package side could increase appropriately, and the single-side package side length is set to 4 mm. When the thickness of the package layer becomes less, it would be better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Biomarkers that predict clinical response, tumor recurrence or patient survival are severely lacking for most cancers, particularly for oral and pharyngeal cancer. This study examines whether gene-promoter methylation of tumor DNA correlates with survival and recurrence rates in a population of patients with oral or pharyngeal cancer. Methods The promoter methylation status of the DNA repair gene MGMT and the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A and RASSF1 were evaluated by methylation-specific PCR in 88 primary oral and pharyngeal tumors and correlated with survival and tumor recurrence. Quantitative MGMT methylation was also assessed. Results 29.6% of the tumors presented with MGMT methylation, 11.5% with CDKN2A methylation and 12.1% with RASSF1 methylation. MGMT promoter methylation was significantly associated with poorer overall and disease-free survival. No differences in methylation status of MGMT and RASSF1 with HPV infection, smoking or drinking habits were observed. A significant inverse trend with the amount of MGMT methylation and overall and disease-free survival was observed (ptrend = 0.002 and 0.001 respectively). Conclusion These results implicate MGMT promoter methylation as a possible biomarker for oral and pharyngeal cancer prognosis. The critical role of MGMT in DNA repair suggests that defective DNA repair may be correlative in the observed association between MGMT promoter methylation and tumor recurrence. Follow-up studies should include further quantitative MSP-PCR measurement, global methylation profiling and detailed analysis of downstream DNA repair genes regulated by promoter methylation.

Anastrozole is currently used as first‐line treatment in locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. A generic anastrozole tablet was developed to offer an alternative to the marketed tablet formulation. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the bioequivalence between the test and reference formulations of anastrozole in a single‐dose, 2‐period, 2‐sequence crossover study with a 14‐day washout interval. A total of 20 healthy male Chinese volunteers were enrolled and completed the study, after oral administration of a single dose of 1.0‐mg test and reference formulations of anastrozole. The blood samples were collected at different times and were determined by a fully validated high‐pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method. The evaluated pharmacokinetic parameters, including Cmax, AUC0–t, and AUC0–∞, were assessed for bioequivalence based on current guidelines. The observed pharmacokinetic parameters of anastrozole of the test drug were similar to those of the reference formulation. The 90% confidence intervals of test/reference ratios for Cmax, AUC0−t, and AUC0−∞ were within the bioequivalence acceptance range of 80%–125%. The results obtained from these healthy Chinese subjects in this study suggest that the test formulation of anastrozole 1.0‐mg tablet is bioequivalent to the reference formulation (Arimidex 1.0‐mg tablet). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the bioequivalence between the test and reference formulations of memantine in a single-dose, two-period and two-sequence crossover study with a 44-day washout interval., Materials and Methods: A total of 20 healthy Chinese male volunteers were enrolled and completed the study, after oral administration of single doses of 10 mg test and reference formulations of memantine. The blood samples were collected at different time points and memantine concentrations were determined by a fully validated HPLC-MS/MS method. The evaluated pharmacokinetic parameters (test vs. reference) including C max (18 ± 3.2 vs. 17.8 ± 3.4), AUC 0-t (1,188.5 ± 222.2 vs. 1,170.9 ± 135.7), and AUC 0-∞ (1,353.3 ± 258.6 vs. 1,291.3 ± 136.7) values were assessed for bioequivalence based on current guidelines., Results: The observed pharmacokinetic parameters of memantine test drug were similar to those of the reference formulation. The 90% confidence intervals of test/reference ratios for C max , AUC 0-t , and AUC 0-∞ were within the bioequivalence acceptance range of 80 - 125%., Conclusion: The results obtained from the healthy Chinese subjects in this study suggests that the test formulation of memantine 10 mg tablet is bioequivalent to the reference formulation (Ebixa ® 10 mg tablet).
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Objective: To study the human dystrophin gene molecular deletion mechanism, we analyzed breakpoint regions within junction fragments of deletion-type patients and investigated whether the dystrophin gene's intron structure might be related to intron instability., Methods: Junction fragments corresponding to exon 46 and 51 deletions were cloned. The breakpoint regions were sequenced, and the features of introns with available Genebank sequences were analyzed., Results: An analysis of junction fragment sequences corresponding to exon 46 and 51 deletions showed that all 5' and 3' breakpoints are located within repeat sequences. No small insertions, small deletions, or point mutations are located near the breakpoint junctions. By analyzing the secondary structure of the junction fragments, we demonstrated that all junction fragment breakpoints are located in non-matching regions of single-stranded hairpin loops. A high concentration of repetitive elements is found to be a key feature of many dystrophin introns. In total, 34.8% of the overall dystrophin intron sequences is composed of repeat sequences., Conclusion: Repeat elements in many dystrophin gene introns are the key to their structural bases and reflect intron instability. As a result of the primary DNA sequences, single-stranded hairpin loops form, increasing the instability of the gene, and forming the base for breaks in the DNA. The formation of the single-stranded hairpins can result in reattachment of two different breakpoints, producing a deletion.