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Backgroud Diabetic foot is a common complication of diabetes patients, most of whom are seriously ill with rapid disease progression. A well-performing risk prediction model for the development of diabetic foot can help healthcare professionals to identify high-risk patients and take early interventions. Objective To systematically review the risk prediction models for diabetic foot, and provide reference for the construction and optimization of the model. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang Data were searched to collect the related studies on risk prediction models for diabetic foot from inception to May 15th, 2022. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data and evaluated the quality of models using prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST). Meta-analysis of the predictors in the model was performed using Stata 17.0 software. Results A total of 13 papers were included, containing 13 models, 12 of which had AUC>0.7. Model calibration was performed on 7 models and 8 models were validated. PROBAST results showed that 1 of the 13 included papers was at low risk of bias and the remaining 12 were at high risk of bias; for model applicability, only 1 was of low applicability. The results of Meta-analysis showed that age (OR=1.13, 95%CI=1.04-1.24), glycated hemoglobin (OR=1.56, 95%CI=1.26-1.94), foot ulcer history (OR=5.93, 95%CI=2.85-12.37), previous amputation (OR=7.79, 95%CI=2.74-22.17), diminished sensitivity of the monofilament test (OR=1.59, 95%CI=1.42-1.78), foot fungal infection (OR=6.14, 95%CI=1.71-22.01), and kidney disease (OR=2.09, 95%CI= 1.65-2.65) were independent influencing factors for diabetic foot (P

Objective To discuss the management modes and application effects of strengthening the volunteer’s normalized nucleic acid sampling. Methods The volunteers of receiving the nucleic acid sampling training and normalized nucleic acid sampling (May 1st, 2022 to Jun 30th, 2022) were investigated. The volunteers were assigned to control group (n=300) and test group (n=300). WeChat group and self-made questionnaires were developed while the normalized nucleic acid sampling manuals were delivered. The normalized nucleic acid sampling was applied in the control group, and the theoretical knowledge and professional skills training were applied in the test group weekly. The weekly examination performances were evaluated through the questionnaires and interviews. The job-site sampling quality was assessed. Results Both of groups had participated into the nucleic acid sampling training and had working experiences. Before intervention, the standard rates of the job-site supervision and theoretical knowledge were 100% in both two groups. There was no significant difference in the theoretical knowledge and job-site supervision scores between groups (P>0. 05). After intervention, the theoretical knowledge and job-site supervision scores for two groups showed a rising tendency; After 1w, 2w, 3w and 4w of intervention, the cognitive levels and theoretical knowledge scores in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0. 05); After intervention, the occupational exposure rates in the test group were significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Volunteer’s normalized nucleic acid sampling management should be enhanced from aspects of job-site supervision, the professional skill and theoretical knowledge learning, the volunteer’s job responsibility and specific rule planning, so as to increase the nucleic acid sampling normalization and accuracy. (目的 探讨加强志愿者常态化核酸采样的管理方法, 并观察其应用效果。方法 选取2022年5月1日—6月30日在本院接受核酸采样培训的并参加常态化核酸采样的志愿者进行研究, 根据电脑随机分组将志愿者分为对照组和研究组, 各300人。建立微信群, 通过“问卷星”进行在线问卷调查, 每人发放常态化核酸采样手册。对照组进行常态化核酸采样, 研究组每周完成相关理论及技能的再培训。每周通过问卷和走访的形式对两组志愿者进行考核, 并对志愿者工作现场进行质量检查。结果 两组均为参加过培训及有一定工作经验的志愿者, 干预前对两组进行现场督查和理论考核, 考核达标率均为100%, 两组理论考核及现场结果差异无统计学意义(P＞0. 05)。干预后, 两组理论考核及现场结果督查成绩均呈上升趋势, 但研究组志愿者干预后1、2、3、4周对核酸采样各方面的认知水平和理论考核的上升幅度明显优于对照组(P＜0. 05); 研究组加强志愿者管理后职业暴露发生率低于对照组(P＜0. 05)。结论 加强志愿者常态化核酸采样管理需从加强督察督办、强化志愿者各项培训和理论学习、明确志愿者的岗位职责和具体制度三方面展开, 能够确保志愿者采样的规范性和准确性。)

With the current over-exploitation of terrestrial resources, multi-dimensional in-depth utilization of aquatic resources has attracted widespread attention. Blue foods including marine animals and algae supply nutrients to 3.2 billion people around the world. Polysaccharides are an important class of nutritional components in “blue foods”, and have various biological activities such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic functions. The exertion of these physiological functions is closely related to their immunomodulatory activities. Therefore, this article reviews recent progress on the classification, composition and immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides in blue foods with a focus on the regulatory effects of polysaccharides in marine mollusks and seaweeds on innate/adaptive immune responses, the antitumor effects of pro-inflammatory polysaccharides, and their role in immune adjuvants, and the role of anti-inflammatory polysaccharides in autoimmune diseases and inflammation in an effort to enrich the understanding of the different immune effects of marine polysaccharides and to provide theoretical support for the development of immunomodulatory functional foods based on polysaccharides from blue foods.

Heavy chromium pollution is a global sticky problem. In this study, an built-in proteomic and metabolomic method used to be used to look at the possible organic toxicity of Cr-contaminated answer based totally on an publicity scan with Penicillium janthinellum P1. The results showed that the high-Cr exposures resulted in cell injuries and signaling disturbances in P. janthinellum P1. Furthermore, Cr-contaminated answer triggered an amplify in glutamine and a sizable minimize in dimethylglycine, betaine and taurine, suggesting that the osmoregulatory metabolism of the P. janthinellum may additionally have been disturbed. The alteration of ATPase and mitochondrial associated proteins, combined with the upregulation of amino acids and carbohydrates, revealed that Cr contamination may disrupt the energy metabolism system. In addition, the secretory effects were confirmed by the upregulation of cytochrome P450 and deoxypodophyllotoxin, and the downregulation of penicillopepsin via proteomics. Therefore, dimethylglycine, glutamine, aspartate and cytochrome P450, all with remarkably alteration, were supposed to be selected as potential biomarkers of Cr contamination. This work assume to furnished new perception into the proteomic and metabolic toxicity of excessive Cr-contaminated area of interest in filamentous fungi, highlighted the mechanisms underlying toxicity and extended our knowledge of multi-omics jointly.

Objective To evaluate the scenario simulation teaching method in the teaching of perioperative nursing of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods A total of 10 nursing students with internship from January to December 2019 were included as the control group, and routine teaching method was adopted in the clinical practice; Another 10 nursing students with internship from January 2020 to January 2021 were recruited as the observation group, and a scenario simulation teaching method was used in the teaching of TKA perioperative nursing . The scores of theoretical and practical assessments at the end of internship were compared between two groups. The nursing students’ opinions on scenario simulation teaching method were recorded. Results The theoretical assessment score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (93. 90±0. 99 vs. 80. 30±1. 70, P

Objective To investigate the nursing students’ demand for required knowledge about disinfection and supply before internship and during the clinical rotation, and establish a demand-oriented teaching strategy for nursing students in the Central Sterile Supply Department. Methods Totally 14 nursing students participating in the internship program in the Central Sterile Supply Department were recruited by a convenient sampling method. Questionnaire-based survey was conducted at first day and the end of internship, respectively. The survey data was analyzed. Results The main demands for required knowledge about disinfection and supply included instruments packaging (n=14), working procedure (n=12 ) and instruments identification (n=14). The main demands for required knowledge during the clinical rotation included selection of disinfection methods (n=9), instruments packaging (n=10), surveillance of sterilization quality (n=14), preservation of aseptic instrument (n=14) and identification of instruments in sterility pack(n=14). The most popular teaching methods were one-on-one teaching (n=14), video-assisted teaching (n=13) and manual book (n=14). Conclusion It is required to establish a demand-oriented teaching strategy, which is based on the demand analysis of required knowledge about disinfection and supply before internship and during the clinical rotation, for nursing students in the Central Sterile Supply Department. (目的 调查了解护生对消毒供应知识的需求及医院轮转过程中接触到的消毒供应相关知识现状, 探讨建立消毒供应中心护生带教策略模式。方法 通过便利抽样法选取2020年3月份以来在消毒供应中心实习的14名护生, 采用自制问卷进行调查。在入科当天, 调查护生消毒供应知识入科需求; 轮转结束后, 调查护生在轮转过程中接触到的消毒供应相关知识与带教方式。结果 护生入科前对消毒供应知识需求主要包括器械打包(14人)、工作流程(12人)、器械识别(14人); 护生在轮转过程中接触到消毒供应知识主要为物品消毒灭菌方法选择(9人)、物品包装(10人)、灭菌质量监测(14人)、无菌物品保存(14人)、无菌包内器械配置与识别(14人)等内容, 最喜欢的带教方式为“一对一”带教(10人) 、视频教学(13人) 、科室手册(14人)。结论 应将护生对于消毒供应知识需求和轮转过程中接触到的消毒供应相关知识纳入到护生带教中, 以护生需求为导向, 为消毒供应中心护生带教内容制定与带教方法。)

Objectives: To investigate the role of periostin (POSTN) and the transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) pathway in the formation of laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) scar fibrosis and to explore the specific signaling mechanism of POSTN‐regulated TGF‐β pathway in tracheal fibroblasts. Methods: Bioinformatics analysis was performed on scar data sets from the GEO database to preliminarily analyze the involvement of POSTN and TGF‐β pathways in fibrosis diseases. Expression of POSTN and TGF‐β pathway‐related molecules was analyzed in LTS scar tissue at the mRNA and protein levels. The effect of POSTN on the biological behavior of tracheal fibroblasts was studied using plasmid DNA overexpression and siRNA silencing techniques to regulate POSTN expression and observe the activation of TGF‐β1 and the regulation of cell proliferation and migration via the TGF‐β/RHOA pathway. Results: The bioinformatics analysis revealed that POSTN and the TGF‐β pathway are significantly involved in fibrosis diseases. High expression of POSTN and TGF‐β/RHOA pathway‐related molecules (TGFβ1, RHOA, CTGF, and COL1) was observed in LTS tissue at both mRNA and protein levels. In tracheal fibroblasts, overexpression or silencing of POSTN led to the activation of TGF‐β1 and regulation of cell proliferation and migration through the TGF‐β/RHOA pathway. Conclusion: POSTN is a key molecule in scar formation in LTS, and it regulates the TGF‐β/RHOA pathway to mediate the formation of cicatricial LTS by acting on TGF‐β1. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying LTS and suggests potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of this condition. Level of Evidence: NA Laryngoscope, 134:4078–4087, 2024 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]