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2. Towards a youth mental health paradigm: a perspective and roadmap

Author

Uhlhaas, Peter J., Davey, Christopher G., Mehta, Urvakhsh Meherwan, Shah, Jai, Torous, John, Allen, Nicholas B., Avenevoli, Shelli, Bella-Awusah, Tolulope, Chanen, Andrew, Chen, Eric Y. H., Correll, Christoph U., Do, Kim Q., Fisher, Helen L., Frangou, Sophia, Hickie, Ian B., Keshavan, Matcheri S., Konrad, Kerstin, Lee, Francis S., Liu, Cindy H., Luna, Beatriz, McGorry, Patrick D., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Nordentoft, Merete, Öngür, Dost, Patton, George C., Paus, Tomáš, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Sawa, Akira, Schoenbaum, Michael, Schumann, Gunter, Srihari, Vinod H., Susser, Ezra, Verma, Swapna K., Woo, T. Wilson, Yang, Lawrence H., Yung, Alison R., and Wood, Stephen J.

Published
2023
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5. Striatal dopamine synthesis capacity and its association with negative symptoms upon resolution of positive symptoms in first-episode schizophrenia and delusional disorder

Author

Wong, Stephanie M. Y., Suen, Y. N., Wong, Charlotte W. C., Chan, Sherry K. W., Hui, Christy L. M., Chang, W. C., Lee, Edwin H. M., Cheng, Calvin P. W., Ho, Garrett C. L., Lo, Gladys Goh, Leung, Eric Y. L., Yeung, Paul K. M. Au, Chen, Sirong, Honer, William G., Mak, Henry K. F., Sham, P. C., McKenna, Peter J., Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Veronese, Mattia, Howes, Oliver D., and Chen, Eric Y. H.

Published
2022
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6. Evidence that complement and coagulation proteins are mediating the clinical response to omega-3 fatty acids: A mass spectrometry-based investigation in subjects at clinical high-risk for psychosis

Author

Susai, Subash Raj, Healy, Colm, Mongan, David, Heurich, Meike, Byrne, Jonah F., Cannon, Mary, Cagney, Gerard, Wynne, Kieran, Markulev, Connie, Schäfer, Miriam R., Berger, Maximus, Mossaheb, Nilufar, Schlögelhofer, Monika, Smesny, Stefan, Hickie, Ian B., Berger, Gregor E., Chen, Eric Y. H., de Haan, Lieuwe, Nieman, Dorien H., Nordentoft, Merete, Riecher-Rössler, Anita, Verma, Swapna, Street, Rebekah, Thompson, Andrew, Yung, Alison Ruth, Nelson, Barnaby, McGorry, Patrick D., Föcking, Melanie, Amminger, G. Paul, and Cotter, David

Published
2022
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8. Negative World Assumptions Mediate the Impact of Early Adversity and External Stressors on Mental Health in Young People Amid Social Unrest and COVID-19.

Author

Wong, Stephanie M. Y., Lau, Terry T. Y., Hui, Christy L. M., Suen, Y. N., Chan, Sherry K. W., Lee, Edwin H. M., and Chen, Eric Y. H.

Subjects
LIFE change events, POST-traumatic stress disorder, MENTAL health, HEALTH status indicators, RESEARCH funding, ANXIETY, PSYCHOLOGICAL stress, RIOTS, QUALITY of life, COVID-19 pandemic, ADVERSE childhood experiences, MENTAL depression, ADOLESCENCE, ADULTS
Abstract

The increasing number of population-level stressors globally has raised concerns over their mental health consequences on young people. Few studies, however, have examined such factors in population-based youth samples, particularly with consideration of how different stressor types could affect mental health via their impacts on specific world assumptions. As part of a household-based epidemiological study, 766 young people (aged 15–25 years) participated in this study from June 2021 to 2022. We examined how negative world assumptions, assessed using the World Assumption Scale (WAS), and the subdomains of benevolence, meaningfulness, and self-worth, would mediate the impact of stressors on symptom expression. Stressors included population-level stressful events, such as those related to social unrest (TEs) and the COVID-19 pandemic (PEs), as well as personal stressful life events (SLEs) and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Meanwhile, symptoms included depressive, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Results showed that negative meaningfulness assumptions significantly mediated the effect of social unrest–related TEs on PTSD symptoms, while benevolence and self-worth mediated the effect of ACEs on depressive and anxiety symptoms. COVID-19 PEs and SLEs showed no significant association with world assumptions. Higher overall negative world assumptions were also significantly associated with poorer functioning and health-related quality of life. The findings suggest that world assumptions play specific mediating roles between different types of external stressors and symptom outcomes, with population-level human-induced stressors and childhood adversity playing more determining roles. These observations provide opportunities for designing interventions targeting negative world assumptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Association Between Oral Fluoroquinolones and Neuropsychiatric Events: Self‐Controlled Case Series With Active Comparator Design.

Author

Zhang, Yin, Fan, Min, Tsie, Natalie T. Y., Lee, Edwin H. M., Chang, W. C., Chen, Eric Y. H., Chan, Esther W., Wong, Ian C. K., Chui, Celine S. L., and Wong, Angel Y. S.

Abstract

Purpose: The evidence of the neuropsychiatric effects associated with fluoroquinolones is mainly supported by case reports. Population‐based evidence remains largely limited. We aimed to investigate the association between the use of fluoroquinolones and hospitalization or Accident & Emergency department visits for acute neuropsychiatric events using a self‐controlled case series (SCCS) and active comparator to reduce confounding. Methods: We conducted a SCCS with a recently described active comparator design using all public outpatient clinics, hospitalization, and Accident and Emergency department records from the Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System, Hong Kong from 2001 to 2013. Among 166 325 people with an oral fluoroquinolone prescription, 4287 people who had an incident neuropsychiatric event were included. We then estimated the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of acute neuropsychiatric events during periods before and after fluoroquinolone prescription, versus baseline. We repeated the analysis for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid users as an active comparator. We then estimated the comparator‐adjusted estimates by dividing the IRR for fluoroquinolone by the IRR for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. The primary outcome was neuropsychiatric events. Secondary outcomes were psychotic events and cognitive impairment. Results: An increased risk of neuropsychiatric events was observed in the current use of fluoroquinolone [IRR: 2.11 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.58–2.83)] and 1–7 days after the end of fluoroquinolone prescription [IRR: 1.90 (95% CI: 1.30–2.75)] versus baseline. No increased risk was observed in other risk periods versus baseline. Similar patterns were observed in the current use of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid [IRR: 1.92 (95% CI: 1.19–3.11)] and 1–7 days after the end of fluoroquinolone prescription [IRR: 1.81 (95% CI: 1.11–2.97)] versus baseline. Similar results were found for secondary outcomes. Using the active comparator design, comparator‐adjusted estimates were 1.10 (95% CI: 0.63–1.93) in current use of fluoroquinolones and 1.05 (95% CI: 0.57–1.95) in 1–7 days postexposure to fluoroquinolones versus baseline. Conclusions: Although our study showed a higher incidence of neuropsychiatric events in the current use of fluoroquinolones and 7 days after the end of fluoroquinolones prescriptions compared with baseline, a similar temporal pattern was also found for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid users. Using amoxicillin/clavulanic acid as the active comparator, we found no difference in the risk of neuropsychiatric events associated with fluoroquinolone compared with baseline. Therefore, the risk of neuropsychiatric events may not need to influence the decision to prescribe either fluoroquinolones or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid based on the evidence in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Vulnerability and resilience in children during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Tso, Winnie W. Y., Wong, Rosa S., Tung, Keith T. S., Rao, Nirmala, Fu, King Wa, Yam, Jason C. S., Chua, Gilbert T., Chen, Eric Y. H., Lee, Tatia M. C., Chan, Sherry K. W., Wong, Wilfred H. S., Xiong, Xiaoli, Chui, Celine S., Li, Xue, Wong, Kirstie, Leung, Cynthia, Tsang, Sandra K. M., Chan, Godfrey C. F., Tam, Paul K. H., Chan, Ko Ling, Kwan, Mike Y. W., Ho, Marco H. K., Chow, Chun Bong, Wong, Ian C. K., and lp, Patrick

Published
2022
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11. The Lancet PsychiatryCommission on youth mental health

Author

McGorry, Patrick D, Mei, Cristina, Dalal, Naeem, Alvarez-Jimenez, Mario, Blakemore, Sarah-Jayne, Browne, Vivienne, Dooley, Barbara, Hickie, Ian B, Jones, Peter B, McDaid, David, Mihalopoulos, Cathrine, Wood, Stephen J, El Azzouzi, Fatima Azzahra, Fazio, Jessica, Gow, Ella, Hanjabam, Sadam, Hayes, Alan, Morris, Amelia, Pang, Elina, Paramasivam, Keerthana, Quagliato Nogueira, Isabella, Tan, Jimmy, Adelsheim, Steven, Broome, Matthew R, Cannon, Mary, Chanen, Andrew M, Chen, Eric Y H, Danese, Andrea, Davis, Maryann, Ford, Tamsin, Gonsalves, Pattie P, Hamilton, Matthew P, Henderson, Jo, John, Ann, Kay-Lambkin, Frances, Le, Long K-D, Kieling, Christian, Mac Dhonnagáin, Niall, Malla, Ashok, Nieman, Dorien H, Rickwood, Debra, Robinson, Jo, Shah, Jai L, Singh, Swaran, Soosay, Ian, Tee, Karen, Twenge, Jean, Valmaggia, Lucia, van Amelsvoort, Therese, Verma, Swapna, Wilson, Jon, Yung, Alison, Iyer, Srividya N, and Killackey, Eóin

Published
2024
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12. The association between migrant status and transition in an ultra-high risk for psychosis population

Author

O’Donoghue, Brian, Geros, Hellen, Sizer, Holly, Addington, Jean, Amminger, G. Paul, Beaden, Carrie E., Cadenhead, Kristin S., Cannon, Tyrone D., Cornblatt, Barbara A., Berger, Gregor Emanuel, Chen, Eric Y. H., de Haan, Lieuwe, Hartmann, Jessica A., Hickie, Ian B., Ising, Helga K., Lavoie, Suzie, Lin, Ashleigh, Markulev, Connie, Mathalon, Daniel H., McGlashan, Thomas H., Mifsud, Nathan G., Mossaheb, Nilufar, Nieman, Dorien H., Nordentoft, Merete, Perkins, Diana O., Riecher-Rössler, Anita, Schäfer, Miriam R., Schlögelhofer, Monika, Seidman, Larry J., Smesny, Stephan, Thompson, Andrew, Tsuang, Ming T., van der Gaag, Mark, Verma, Swapna, Walker, Elaine F., Wood, Stephen J., Woods, Scott W., Yuen, Hok Pan, Yung, Alison Ruth, McGorry, Patrick D., and Nelson, Barnaby

Published
2021
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13. Development of the PSYCHS: Positive SYmptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the CAARMS Harmonized with the SIPS

Author

Woods, Scott W., Parker, Sophie, Kerr, Melissa J., Walsh, Barbara C., Wijtenburg, S. Andrea, Prunier, Nicholas, Nunez, Angela R., Buccilli, Kate, Mourgues-Codern, Catalina, Brummitt, Kali, Kinney, Kyle S., Trankler, Carli, Szacilo, Julia, Colton, Beau-Luke, Ali, Munaza, Haidar, Anastasia, Billah, Tashrif, Huynh, Kevin, Ahmed, Uzair, Adery, Laura L., Marcy, Patricia J., Allott, Kelly, Amminger, Paul, Arango, Celso, Broome, Matthew R., Cadenhead, Kristin S., Chen, Eric Y. H., Choi, Jimmy, Conus, Philippe, Cornblatt, Barbara A., Glenthøj, Louise Birkedal, Horton, Leslie E., Kambeitz, Joseph, Kapur, Tina, Keshavan, Matcheri S., Koutsouleris, Nikolaos, Langbein, Kerstin, Lavoie, Suzie, Diaz-Caneja, Covadonga Martinez, Mathalon, Daniel H., Mittal, Vijay A., Nordentoft, Merete, Pasternak, Ofer, Pearlson, Godfrey D., Gaspar, Pablo A., Shah, Jai L., Smesny, Stefan, Stone, William S., Strauss, Gregory P., Wang, Jijun, Corcoran, Cheryl M., Perkins, Diana O., Schiffman, Jason, Perez, Jesus, Mamah, Daniel, Ellman, Lauren M., Powers III, Albert R., Coleman, Michael J., Anticevic, Alan, Fusar-Poli, Paolo, Kane, John M., Kahn, Rene S., McGorry, Patrick D., Bearden, Carrie E., Shenton, Martha E., Nelson, Barnaby, Calkins, Monica E., Hendricks, Larry, Bouix, Sylvain, Addington, Jean, McGlashan, Thomas H., Yung, Alison R., Woods, Scott W., Parker, Sophie, Kerr, Melissa J., Walsh, Barbara C., Wijtenburg, S. Andrea, Prunier, Nicholas, Nunez, Angela R., Buccilli, Kate, Mourgues-Codern, Catalina, Brummitt, Kali, Kinney, Kyle S., Trankler, Carli, Szacilo, Julia, Colton, Beau-Luke, Ali, Munaza, Haidar, Anastasia, Billah, Tashrif, Huynh, Kevin, Ahmed, Uzair, Adery, Laura L., Marcy, Patricia J., Allott, Kelly, Amminger, Paul, Arango, Celso, Broome, Matthew R., Cadenhead, Kristin S., Chen, Eric Y. H., Choi, Jimmy, Conus, Philippe, Cornblatt, Barbara A., Glenthøj, Louise Birkedal, Horton, Leslie E., Kambeitz, Joseph, Kapur, Tina, Keshavan, Matcheri S., Koutsouleris, Nikolaos, Langbein, Kerstin, Lavoie, Suzie, Diaz-Caneja, Covadonga Martinez, Mathalon, Daniel H., Mittal, Vijay A., Nordentoft, Merete, Pasternak, Ofer, Pearlson, Godfrey D., Gaspar, Pablo A., Shah, Jai L., Smesny, Stefan, Stone, William S., Strauss, Gregory P., Wang, Jijun, Corcoran, Cheryl M., Perkins, Diana O., Schiffman, Jason, Perez, Jesus, Mamah, Daniel, Ellman, Lauren M., Powers III, Albert R., Coleman, Michael J., Anticevic, Alan, Fusar-Poli, Paolo, Kane, John M., Kahn, Rene S., McGorry, Patrick D., Bearden, Carrie E., Shenton, Martha E., Nelson, Barnaby, Calkins, Monica E., Hendricks, Larry, Bouix, Sylvain, Addington, Jean, McGlashan, Thomas H., and Yung, Alison R.

Abstract

Aim To harmonize two ascertainment and severity rating instruments commonly used for the clinical high risk syndrome for psychosis (CHR-P): the Structured Interview for Psychosis-risk Syndromes (SIPS) and the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS). Methods The initial workshop is described in the companion report from Addington et al. After the workshop, lead experts for each instrument continued harmonizing attenuated positive symptoms and criteria for psychosis and CHR-P through an intensive series of joint videoconferences. Results Full harmonization was achieved for attenuated positive symptom ratings and psychosis criteria, and modest harmonization for CHR-P criteria. The semi-structured interview, named Positive SYmptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the CAARMS Harmonized with the SIPS (PSYCHS), generates CHR-P criteria and severity scores for both CAARMS and SIPS. Conclusions Using the PSYCHS for CHR-P ascertainment, conversion determination, and attenuated positive symptom severity rating will help in comparing findings across studies and in meta-analyses.

Published
2024

14. Development of the PSYCHS:Positive SYmptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the CAARMS Harmonized with the SIPS

Author

Woods, Scott W., Parker, Sophie, Kerr, Melissa J., Walsh, Barbara C., Wijtenburg, S. Andrea, Prunier, Nicholas, Nunez, Angela R., Buccilli, Kate, Mourgues-Codern, Catalina, Brummitt, Kali, Kinney, Kyle S., Trankler, Carli, Szacilo, Julia, Colton, Beau Luke, Ali, Munaza, Haidar, Anastasia, Billah, Tashrif, Huynh, Kevin, Ahmed, Uzair, Adery, Laura L., Marcy, Patricia J., Allott, Kelly, Amminger, Paul, Arango, Celso, Broome, Matthew R., Cadenhead, Kristin S., Chen, Eric Y. H., Choi, Jimmy, Conus, Philippe, Cornblatt, Barbara A., Glenthøj, Louise Birkedal, Horton, Leslie E., Kambeitz, Joseph, Kapur, Tina, Keshavan, Matcheri S., Koutsouleris, Nikolaos, Langbein, Kerstin, Lavoie, Suzie, Diaz-Caneja, Covadonga Martinez, Mathalon, Daniel H, Mittal, Vijay A., Nordentoft, Merete, Pasternak, Ofer, Pearlson, Godfrey D, Gaspar, Pablo A., Shah, Jai L., Smesny, Stefan, Stone, William S., Strauss, Gregory P., Wang, Jijun, Corcoran, Cheryl M., Perkins, Diana O., Schiffman, Jason, Perez, Jesus, Mamah, Daniel, Ellman, Lauren M., Powers, Albert R., Coleman, Michael J., Anticevic, Alan, Fusar-Poli, Paolo, Kane, John M., Kahn, Rene S., McGorry, Patrick D., Bearden, Carrie E, Shenton, Martha E., Nelson, Barnaby, Calkins, Monica E., Hendricks, Larry, Bouix, Sylvain, Addington, Jean, McGlashan, Thomas H, Yung, Alison R., Woods, Scott W., Parker, Sophie, Kerr, Melissa J., Walsh, Barbara C., Wijtenburg, S. Andrea, Prunier, Nicholas, Nunez, Angela R., Buccilli, Kate, Mourgues-Codern, Catalina, Brummitt, Kali, Kinney, Kyle S., Trankler, Carli, Szacilo, Julia, Colton, Beau Luke, Ali, Munaza, Haidar, Anastasia, Billah, Tashrif, Huynh, Kevin, Ahmed, Uzair, Adery, Laura L., Marcy, Patricia J., Allott, Kelly, Amminger, Paul, Arango, Celso, Broome, Matthew R., Cadenhead, Kristin S., Chen, Eric Y. H., Choi, Jimmy, Conus, Philippe, Cornblatt, Barbara A., Glenthøj, Louise Birkedal, Horton, Leslie E., Kambeitz, Joseph, Kapur, Tina, Keshavan, Matcheri S., Koutsouleris, Nikolaos, Langbein, Kerstin, Lavoie, Suzie, Diaz-Caneja, Covadonga Martinez, Mathalon, Daniel H, Mittal, Vijay A., Nordentoft, Merete, Pasternak, Ofer, Pearlson, Godfrey D, Gaspar, Pablo A., Shah, Jai L., Smesny, Stefan, Stone, William S., Strauss, Gregory P., Wang, Jijun, Corcoran, Cheryl M., Perkins, Diana O., Schiffman, Jason, Perez, Jesus, Mamah, Daniel, Ellman, Lauren M., Powers, Albert R., Coleman, Michael J., Anticevic, Alan, Fusar-Poli, Paolo, Kane, John M., Kahn, Rene S., McGorry, Patrick D., Bearden, Carrie E, Shenton, Martha E., Nelson, Barnaby, Calkins, Monica E., Hendricks, Larry, Bouix, Sylvain, Addington, Jean, McGlashan, Thomas H, and Yung, Alison R.

Abstract

Aim: To harmonize two ascertainment and severity rating instruments commonly used for the clinical high risk syndrome for psychosis (CHR-P): the Structured Interview for Psychosis-risk Syndromes (SIPS) and the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS). Methods: The initial workshop is described in the companion report from Addington et al. After the workshop, lead experts for each instrument continued harmonizing attenuated positive symptoms and criteria for psychosis and CHR-P through an intensive series of joint videoconferences. Results: Full harmonization was achieved for attenuated positive symptom ratings and psychosis criteria, and modest harmonization for CHR-P criteria. The semi-structured interview, named Positive SYmptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the CAARMS Harmonized with the SIPS (PSYCHS), generates CHR-P criteria and severity scores for both CAARMS and SIPS. Conclusions: Using the PSYCHS for CHR-P ascertainment, conversion determination, and attenuated positive symptom severity rating will help in comparing findings across studies and in meta-analyses.

Published
2024

15. How mental health care should change as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Moreno, Carmen, Wykes, Til, Galderisi, Silvana, Nordentoft, Merete, Crossley, Nicolas, Jones, Nev, Cannon, Mary, Correll, Christoph U, Byrne, Louise, Carr, Sarah, Chen, Eric Y H, Gorwood, Philip, Johnson, Sonia, Kärkkäinen, Hilkka, Krystal, John H, Lee, Jimmy, Lieberman, Jeffrey, López-Jaramillo, Carlos, Männikkö, Miia, Phillips, Michael R, Uchida, Hiroyuki, Vieta, Eduard, Vita, Antonio, and Arango, Celso

Published
2020
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17. Proteomic Biomarkers for the Prediction of Transition to Psychosis in Individuals at Clinical High Risk: A Multi-cohort Model Development Study

Author

Byrne, Jonah F, primary, Healy, Colm, additional, Föcking, Melanie, additional, Susai, Subash Raj, additional, Mongan, David, additional, Wynne, Kieran, additional, Kodosaki, Eleftheria, additional, Heurich, Meike, additional, de Haan, Lieuwe, additional, Hickie, Ian B, additional, Smesny, Stefan, additional, Thompson, Andrew, additional, Markulev, Connie, additional, Young, Alison Ruth, additional, Schäfer, Miriam R, additional, Riecher-Rössler, Anita, additional, Mossaheb, Nilufar, additional, Berger, Gregor, additional, Schlögelhofer, Monika, additional, Nordentoft, Merete, additional, Chen, Eric Y H, additional, Verma, Swapna, additional, Nieman, Dorien H, additional, Woods, Scott W, additional, Cornblatt, Barbara A, additional, Stone, William S, additional, Mathalon, Daniel H, additional, Bearden, Carrie E, additional, Cadenhead, Kristin S, additional, Addington, Jean, additional, Walker, Elaine F, additional, Cannon, Tyrone D, additional, Cannon, Mary, additional, McGorry, Pat, additional, Amminger, Paul, additional, Cagney, Gerard, additional, Nelson, Barnaby, additional, Jeffries, Clark, additional, Perkins, Diana, additional, and Cotter, David R, additional

Published
2024
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20. Aberrant connectivity in the hippocampus, bilateral insula and temporal poles precedes treatment resistance in first-episode psychosis: a prospective resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study with connectivity concordance mapping.

Author

Skouras, Stavros, Kleinert, Maria-Lisa, Lee, Edwin H M, Hui, Christy L M, Suen, Yi Nam, Camchong, Jazmin, Chong, Catherine S Y, Chang, Wing Chung, Chan, Sherry K W, Lo, William T L, Lim, Kelvin O, and Chen, Eric Y H

Published
2024
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22. Excessive fear of clusters of holes, its interaction with stressful life events and the association with anxiety and depressive symptoms: large epidemiological study of young people in Hong Kong

Author

Wong, Stephanie M. Y., primary, Tang, Eric Y. H., additional, Hui, Christy L. M., additional, Suen, Y. N., additional, Chan, Sherry K. W., additional, Lee, Edwin H. M., additional, Chan, K. T., additional, Wong, Michael T. H., additional, Wilkins, Arnold J., additional, and Chen, Eric Y. H., additional

Published
2023
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24. Soft neurological signs in schizophrenia

Author

Chen, Eric Y. H.

Subjects
616.89
Abstract

This dissertation describes a series of studies addressing the prevalence, correlates and longitudinal changes in soft neurological signs (SNS) in schizophrenia. SNS are found to be increased in schizophrenia. The increase appeared to have both a genetic and a non-genetic component. It has been proposed that SNS could be considered as one of the biological markers expressing a mediating risk for schizophrenia. In order to clarify the role of SNS in this perspective it is important to understand factors that affect the expression of SNS in a given population. Previous studies have identified possible relationships between SNS on one hand, and age, ethnicity, intelligence as well as education levels on the other. Associations with clinical features as well as cognitive function impairment have also been suggested. Antipsychotic medication side-effects appear not to be directly related to SNS, nevertheless their impacts cannot be entirely ruled out. Inconsistencies have also emerged as a result of sampling and methodological variations. The potential change of SNS with time in different phases of the disorder is another important issue that has not been adequately addressed with longitudinal studies. This dissertation describes works that addressed some of these issues in different samples using the same assessment methodology. A relatively extensive cross-sectional study addresses the relationship of SNS with demographic, educational, clinical and cognitive factors. The level of SNS in a Chinese sample is also compared with that obtained in a Caucasian sample to investigate effects of ethnicity. Data from the cross-sectional study also allow a limited analysis addressing the contributions of age and illness duration across a wider time range. Two longitudinal studies then focus on specific phases of the disorder. The first study investigates changes in SNS amongst chronic patients approaching old age (the fifth decade). The second study addresses changes in SNS following first episode psychosis. In the first chapter a broad introduction to methodological issues is presented. Chapter 2 continues with a more detailed review of the existing data about SNS in schizophrenia. Chapter 3 presents the core methodology and assessment instruments used in the studies. In Chapter 4 the recruitment procedures and the characteristics of the samples are described. Data analysis and results are presented in Chapters 5 to 8. In Chapter 5 important correlates of SNS are explored using data from a larger crosssectional sample of Chinese patients and controls. These include age, gender, education level, intelligence, as well as symptom correlates of SNS. The potential effects of ethnicity were further explored by comparison between Chinese and Caucasian control samples. Additional analyses were carried out to attempt to address the relative importance of age and illness duration for SNS in patients. Chapter 6 describes in more detail the relationship between SNS and cognitive functions in this cross-sectional sample. Chapters 7 and 8 describe two longitudinal studies. Chapter 7 deals with a 3-year follow-up study for stable chronic patients. Chapter 8 addresses a 2-year follow-up study of SNS in first episode patients. In Chapter 9 the dissertation ends with a general discussion of the current findings and suggestions for key areas for future research.

Published
2004

25. Towards a youth mental health paradigm:a perspective and roadmap

Author

Uhlhaas, Peter J., Davey, Christopher G., Mehta, Urvakhsh Meherwan, Shah, Jai, Torous, John, Allen, Nicholas B., Avenevoli, Shelli, Bella-Awusah, Tolulope, Chanen, Andrew, Chen, Eric Y. H., Correll, Christoph U., Do, Kim Q., Fisher, Helen L., Frangou, Sophia, Hickie, Ian B., Keshavan, Matcheri S., Konrad, Kerstin, Lee, Francis S., Liu, Cindy H., Luna, Beatriz, McGorry, Patrick D., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Nordentoft, Merete, Öngür, Dost, Patton, George C., Paus, Tomáš, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Sawa, Akira, Schoenbaum, Michael, Schumann, Gunter, Srihari, Vinod H., Susser, Ezra, Verma, Swapna K., Woo, T. Wilson, Yang, Lawrence H., Yung, Alison R., Wood, Stephen J., Uhlhaas, Peter J., Davey, Christopher G., Mehta, Urvakhsh Meherwan, Shah, Jai, Torous, John, Allen, Nicholas B., Avenevoli, Shelli, Bella-Awusah, Tolulope, Chanen, Andrew, Chen, Eric Y. H., Correll, Christoph U., Do, Kim Q., Fisher, Helen L., Frangou, Sophia, Hickie, Ian B., Keshavan, Matcheri S., Konrad, Kerstin, Lee, Francis S., Liu, Cindy H., Luna, Beatriz, McGorry, Patrick D., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Nordentoft, Merete, Öngür, Dost, Patton, George C., Paus, Tomáš, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Sawa, Akira, Schoenbaum, Michael, Schumann, Gunter, Srihari, Vinod H., Susser, Ezra, Verma, Swapna K., Woo, T. Wilson, Yang, Lawrence H., Yung, Alison R., and Wood, Stephen J.

Abstract

Most mental disorders have a typical onset between 12 and 25 years of age, highlighting the importance of this period for the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of mental ill-health. This perspective addresses interactions between risk and protective factors and brain development as key pillars accounting for the emergence of psychopathology in youth. Moreover, we propose that novel approaches towards early diagnosis and interventions are required that reflect the evolution of emerging psychopathology, the importance of novel service models, and knowledge exchange between science and practitioners. Taken together, we propose a transformative early intervention paradigm for research and clinical care that could significantly enhance mental health in young people and initiate a shift towards the prevention of severe mental disorders., Most mental disorders have a typical onset between 12 and 25 years of age, highlighting the importance of this period for the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of mental ill-health. This perspective addresses interactions between risk and protective factors and brain development as key pillars accounting for the emergence of psychopathology in youth. Moreover, we propose that novel approaches towards early diagnosis and interventions are required that reflect the evolution of emerging psychopathology, the importance of novel service models, and knowledge exchange between science and practitioners. Taken together, we propose a transformative early intervention paradigm for research and clinical care that could significantly enhance mental health in young people and initiate a shift towards the prevention of severe mental disorders.

Published
2023

26. Prevalence of frequent nightmares and their prospective associations with 1-year psychiatric symptoms and disorders and functioning in young adults: a large-scale epidemiological study in Hong Kong

Author

Wong, Stephanie M Y, primary, Hui, Christy L M, additional, Cheung, Vivian K W, additional, Suen, Yi Nam, additional, Chan, Sherry K W, additional, Lee, Edwin H M, additional, Chan, Kai Tai, additional, Wong, Michael T H, additional, and Chen, Eric Y H, additional

Published
2022
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27. Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on cognitive functioning in youth at ultra-high risk for psychosis: secondary analysis of the NEURAPRO randomised controlled trial

Author

Cheng, Nicholas, primary, McLaverty, Alison, additional, Nelson, Barnaby, additional, Markulev, Connie, additional, Schäfer, Miriam R., additional, Berger, Maximus, additional, Mossaheb, Nilufar, additional, Schlögelhofer, Monika, additional, Smesny, Stefan, additional, Hickie, Ian B., additional, Berger, Gregor E., additional, Chen, Eric Y. H., additional, de Haan, Lieuwe, additional, Nieman, Dorien H., additional, Nordentoft, Merete, additional, Riecher-Rössler, Anita, additional, Verma, Swapna, additional, Street, Rebekah, additional, Thompson, Andrew, additional, Yuen, Hok Pan, additional, Hester, Robert, additional, Yung, Alison Ruth, additional, McGorry, Patrick D., additional, Allott, Kelly, additional, and Amminger, G. Paul, additional

Published
2022
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28. Prevalence and correlates of suicidal behaviours in a representative epidemiological youth sample in Hong Kong: the significance of suicide-related rumination, family functioning, and ongoing population-level stressors.

Author

Wong, Stephanie M. Y., Ip, Charlie H., Hui, Christy L. M., Suen, Y. N., Wong, Corine S. M., Chang, W. C., Chan, Sherry K. W., Lee, Edwin H. M., Lui, Simon S. Y., Chan, K. T., Wong, Michael T. H., and Chen, Eric Y. H.

Subjects
NEUROSES, ALCOHOL-induced disorders, MULTIVARIATE analysis, SOCIAL stigma, COGNITION, SUICIDAL ideation, RISK assessment, SUICIDAL behavior, DISEASE prevalence, DESPAIR, MENTAL depression, RESEARCH funding, RUMINATION (Cognition), FAMILY relations, LOGISTIC regression analysis, PSYCHOLOGICAL stress, SELF-mutilation, COVID-19 pandemic, ADULTS, ADOLESCENCE
Abstract

Background: Young people are most vulnerable to suicidal behaviours but least likely to seek help. A more elaborate study of the intrinsic and extrinsic correlates of suicidal ideation and behaviours particularly amid ongoing population-level stressors and the identification of less stigmatising markers in representative youth populations is essential. Methods: Participants (n = 2540, aged 15–25) were consecutively recruited from an ongoing large-scale household-based epidemiological youth mental health study in Hong Kong between September 2019 and 2021. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt were assessed, alongside suicide-related rumination, hopelessness and neuroticism, personal and population-level stressors, family functioning, cognitive ability, lifetime non-suicidal self-harm, 12-month major depressive disorder (MDD), and alcohol use. Results: The 12-month prevalence of suicidal ideation, ideation-only (no plan or attempt), plan, and attempt was 20.0, 15.4, 4.6, and 1.3%, respectively. Importantly, multivariable logistic regression findings revealed that suicide-related rumination was the only factor associated with all four suicidal outcomes (all p < 0.01). Among those with suicidal ideation (two-stage approach), intrinsic factors, including suicide-related rumination, poorer cognitive ability, and 12-month MDE, were specifically associated with suicide plan, while extrinsic factors, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) stressors, poorer family functioning, and personal life stressors, as well as non-suicidal self-harm, were specifically associated with suicide attempt. Conclusions: Suicide-related rumination, population-level COVID-19 stressors, and poorer family functioning may be important less-stigmatising markers for youth suicidal risks. The respective roles played by not only intrinsic but also extrinsic factors in suicide plan and attempt using a two-stage approach should be considered in future preventative intervention work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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29. Rumination as a Transdiagnostic Phenomenon in the 21st Century: The Flow Model of Rumination.

Author

Wong, Stephanie M. Y., Chen, Eric Y. H., Lee, Michelle C. Y., Suen, Y. N., and Hui, Christy L. M.

Subjects
*RUMINATION (Cognition), *EXECUTIVE function, *ATTENTION, *TWENTY-first century, *LITERATURE reviews, *PSYCHOSES
Abstract

Rumination and its related mental phenomena share associated impairments in cognition, such as executive functions and attentional processes across different clinical conditions (e.g., in psychotic disorders). In recent decades, however, the notion of rumination has been increasingly narrowed to the "self-focused" type in depressive disorders. A closer review of the literature shows that rumination may be construed as a broader process characterized by repetitive thoughts about certain mental contents that interfere with one's daily activities, not only limited to those related to "self". A further examination of the construct of rumination beyond the narrowly focused depressive rumination would help expand intervention opportunities for mental disorders in today's context. We first review the development of the clinical construct of rumination with regard to its historical roots and its roles in psychopathology. This builds the foundation for the introduction of the "Flow Model of Rumination (FMR)", which conceptualizes rumination as a disruption of a smooth flow of mental contents in conscious experience that depends on the coordinated interactions between intention, memory, affect, and external events. The conceptual review concludes with a discussion of the impact of rapid technological advances (such as smartphones) on rumination. Particularly in contemporary societies today, a broader consideration of rumination not only from a cognition viewpoint, but also incorporating a human–device interaction perspective, is necessitated. The implications of the FMR in contemporary mental health practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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31. A polygenic resilience score moderates the genetic risk for schizophrenia

Author

Hess, Jonathan L, Tylee, Daniel S, Mors, Ole, Duan, Jubao, Dudbridge, Frank, Duncanson, Audrey, Durmishi, Naser, Edkins, Sarah, Ehrenreich, Hannelore, Eichhammer, Peter, Eriksson, Johan, Escott-Price, Valentina, Esko, Tõnu, Nordentoft, Merete, Essioux, Laurent, Fanous, Ayman H, Farh, Kai-How, Farrell, Martilias S, Frank, Josef, Franke, Lude, Freedman, Robert, Freeman, Colin, Freimer, Nelson B, Friedl, Marion, Hougaard, David M, Friedman, Joseph I, Fromer, Menachem, Gejman, Pablo V, Genovese, Giulio, Georgieva, Lyudmila, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Giegling, Ina, Gill, Michael, Gillman, Matthew, Giusti-Rodríguez, Paola, Byberg-Grauholm, Jonas, Godard, Stephanie, Goldstein, Jacqueline I, Golimbet, Vera, Gopal, Srihari, Gratten, Jacob, Gray, Emma, Gurling, Hugh, Gwilliam, Rhian, de Haan, Lieuwe, Hall, Jeremy, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Hammer, Christian, Hammond, Naomi, Hamshere, Marian L, Hansen, Mark, Hansen, Thomas, Haroutunian, Vahram, Hartmann, Annette M, Hellenthal, Garrett, Henskens, Frans A, Herms, Stefan, Greenwood, Tiffany A, Hirschhorn, Joel N, Hoffmann, Per, Hofman, Andrea, Hollegaard, Mads V, Huang, Hailiang, Hultman, Christina M, Hunt, Sarah E, Ikeda, Masashi, Iwata, Nakao, Iyegbe, Conrad, Tsuang, Ming T, Jablensky, Assen V, Jankowski, Janusz, Jayakumar, Alagurevathi, Joa, Inge, Jönsson, Erik G, Julià, Antonio, Kähler, Anna K, Kahn, René S, Kalaydjieva, Luba, Karachanak-Yankova, Sena, Curtis, David, Karjalainen, Juha, Kavanagh, David, Keller, Matthew C, Kendler, Kenneth S, Kennedy, James L, Khrunin, Andrey, Kim, Yunjung, Kirov, George, Klovins, Janis, Knight, Jo, Steinberg, Stacy, Knowles, James A, Konte, Bettina, Kucinskas, Vaidutis, Kucinskiene, Zita Ausrele, Kuzelova-Ptackova, Hana, Langford, Cordelia, Laurent, Claudine, Lawrie, Stephen, Lee, S Hong, Lee, Phil, Sigurdsson, Engilbert, Lee, Jimmy, Legge, Sophie E, Lencz, Todd, Lerer, Bernard, Levinson, Douglas F, Lewis, Cathryn M, Li, Tao, Li, Qingqin S, Li, Miaoxin, Liang, Kung-Yee, Mattheisen, Manuel, Stefánsson, Hreinn, Liddle, Jennifer, Lieberman, Jeffrey, Limborska, Svetlana, Lin, Kuang, Linszen, Don H, Liu, Jianjun, Lönnqvist, Jouko, Loughland, Carmel M, Lubinski, Jan, Macek, Milan, Stefánsson, Kári, Magnusson, Patrik K E, Maher, Brion S, Maier, Wolfgang, Malhotra, Anil K, Mallet, Jacques, Markus, Hugh S, Marsal, Sara, Mata, Ignacio, Mathew, Christopher G, Mattingsdal, Morten, Edenberg, Howard J, McCann, Owen T, McCarley, Robert W, McCarroll, Steven A, McCarthy, Mark I, McDonald, Colm, McIntosh, Andrew M, McQuillin, Andrew, Meier, Sandra, Meijer, Carin J, Melegh, Bela, Holmans, Peter, Melle, Ingrid, Mesholam-Gately, Raquelle I, Metspalu, Andres, Michie, Patricia T, Milani, Lili, Milanova, Vihra, Mokrab, Younes, Moran, Jennifer L, Morris, Derek W, Mowry, Bryan J, Faraone, Stephen V, Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Murphy, Kieran C, Murray, Robin M, Myin-Germeys, Inez, Neale, Benjamin M, Nelis, Mari, Nenadic, Igor, Nertney, Deborah A, Nestadt, Gerald, Nicodemus, Kristin K, Glatt, Stephen J, Nikitina-Zake, Liene, Nisenbaum, Laura, Nordin, Annelie, Nöthen, Markus M, O'Callaghan, Eadbhard, O'Donovan, Michael C, O'Dushlaine, Colm, O'Neill, F Anthony, Oh, Sang-Yun, Olincy, Ann, Adolfsson, Rolf, Olsen, Line, Ophoff, Roel A, Van Os, Jim, Owen, Michael J, Palmer, Colin N A, Palotie, Aarno, Pantelis, Christos, Papadimitriou, George N, Papiol, Sergi, Parkhomenko, Elena, Agartz, Ingrid, Pato, Michele T, Pato, Carlos N, Paunio, Tiina, Pearson, Richard, Cairns, Murray J, DeLisi, Lynn E, Gershon, Elliot S, Kelly, Brian J, Lam, Max, Norgren, Nina, Agerbo, Esben, Paciga, Sara A, Tooney, Paul A, Wu, Jing Qin, Pejovic-Milovancevic, Milica, Perkins, Diana O, Pers, Tune H, Petryshen, Tracey L, Pietiläinen, Olli, Pimm, Jonathan, Pirinen, Matti, Albus, Margot, Plomin, Robert, Pocklington, Andrew J, Posthuma, Danielle, Potter, Simon C, Powell, John, Price, Alkes, Pulver, Ann E, Purcell, Shaun M, Quested, Digby, Rasmussen, Henrik B, Consortium, Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics, Alexander, Madeline, Rautanen, Anna, Ravindrarajah, Radhi, Reichenberg, Abraham, Reimers, Mark A, Richards, Alexander L, Ricketts, Michelle, Rietschel, Marcella, Riley, Brien P, Ripke, Stephan, Roffman, Joshua L, Amin, Farooq, Roussos, Panos, Ruderfer, Douglas M, Rujescu, Dan, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R, Sawcer, Stephen J, Schall, Ulrich, Schubert, Christian R, Schulze, Thomas G, Schwab, Sibylle G, Andreassen, Ole A, Scolnick, Edward M, Scott, Rodney J, Seidman, Larry J, Sham, Pak C, Shi, Jianxin, Silagadze, Teimuraz, Silverman, Jeremy M, Sim, Kang, Sklar, Pamela, Arranz, Maria J, Slominsky, Petr, Smoller, Jordan W, So, Hon-Cheong, Söderman, Erik, Spencer, Chris C A, Clair, David St, Stahl, Eli A, Stogmann, Elisabeth, Strange, Amy, Straub, Richard E, Bacanu, Silviu A, Strengman, Eric, Strohmaier, Jana, Stroup, T Scott, Su, Zhan, Subramaniam, Mythily, Sullivan, Patrick F, Suvisaari, Jaana, Svrakic, Dragan M, Szatkiewicz, Jin P, Tashakkori-Ghanbaria, Avazeh, Bakker, Steven, Thirumalai, Srinivas, Toncheva, Draga, Tosato, Sarah, Trembath, Richard C, Veijola, Juha, Visscher, Peter M, Viswanathan, Ananth C, Vukcevic, Damjan, Waddington, John, Waller, Matthew, Band, Gavin, Walsh, Dermot, Walshe, Muriel, Walters, James T R, Wang, Qiang, Wang, Dai, Webb, Bradley T, Weinberger, Daniel R, Weisbrod, Matthias, Weiser, Mark, Wendland, Jens R, Barroso, Ines, Weston, Paul, Whittaker, Pamela, Widaa, Sara, Wiersma, Durk, Wildenauer, Dieter B, Williams, Stephanie, Williams, Nigel M, Witt, Stephanie H, Wolen, Aaron R, Wong, Emily H M, Begemann, Martin, Wood, Nicholas W, Wormley, Brandon K, Wray, Naomi R, Xi, Hualin Simon, Zai, Clement C, Zheng, Xuebin, Zimprich, Fritz, Bellenguez, Céline, Research, Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric, Belliveau, Richard A, Bender, Stephan, Bene, Judit, Bergen, Sarah E, Bevilacqua, Elizabeth, Bigdeli, Tim B, Black, Donald W, Blackburn, Hannah, Blackwell, Jenefer M, Blackwood, Douglas H R, Børglum, Anders D, Bramon, Elvira, Brown, Matthew A, Bruggeman, Richard, Buccola, Nancy G, Buckner, Randy L, Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan, Bumpstead, Suzannah J, Buxbaum, Joseph D, Byerley, William, Cahn, Wiepke, Als, Thomas D, Cai, Guiqing, Campion, Dominique, Cantor, Rita M, Carr, Vaughan J, Carrera, Noa, Casas, Juan P, Catts, Stanley V, Chambert, Kimberley D, Chan, Ronald Y L, Chan, Raymond C K, Grove, Jakob, Chen, Eric Y H, Cheng, Wei, Cheung, Eric F C, Chong, Siow Ann, Cichon, Sven, Cloninger, C Robert, Cohen, David, Cohen, Nadine, Collier, David A, Cormican, Paul, Werge, Thomas, Corvin, Aiden, Craddock, Nick, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Crowley, James J, Daly, Mark J, Darvasi, Ariel, Davidson, Michael, Davis, Kenneth L, Degenhardt, Franziska, Del Favero, Jurgen, Mortensen, Preben Bo, Deloukas, Panos, Demontis, Ditte, Dikeos, Dimitris, Dinan, Timothy, Djurovic, Srdjan, Domenici, Enrico, Donnelly, Peter, Donohoe, Gary, Drapeau, Elodie, Dronov, Serge, Læknadeild (HÍ), Faculty of Medicine (UI), Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ), School of Health Sciences (UI), Háskóli Íslands, University of Iceland, Adult Psychiatry, ANS - Complex Trait Genetics, ANS - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, APH - Mental Health, Hess, Jonathan L, Tylee, Daniel S, Mattheisen, Manuel, Borglum, Anders D, Glatt, Stephen J, Lee, Sand Hong, Schizophrenia Working Group of thePsychiatric Genomics Consortium, Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Complex Trait Genetics, and Myin-Germeys, Inez

Subjects
Multifactorial Inheritance, Schizophrenia/genetics, Genome-wide association study, Disease, Medical and Health Sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, schizophrenia, genetics, risk, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, genetics, polygenic score, Aetiology, genome wide association study, risk, Genetics, Psychiatry, 0303 health sciences, Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics, Single Nucleotide, Genomics, Biological Sciences, Serious Mental Illness, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics, Penetrance, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, Mental Health, Mendelian disease, Erfðarannsóknir, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Single Nucleotide/genetics, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), high risk, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Geðklofi, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, ddc:610, Allele, Polymorphism, Resilience (network), Molecular Biology, resilience, Multifactorial Inheritance/genetics, Alleles, 030304 developmental biology, Science & Technology, Prevention, Human Genome, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, schizophrenia, Good Health and Well Being, Schizophrenia, Neurosciences & Neurology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Publisher's version (útgefin grein), Based on the discovery by the Resilience Project (Chen R. et al. Nat Biotechnol 34:531–538, 2016) of rare variants that confer resistance to Mendelian disease, and protective alleles for some complex diseases, we posited the existence of genetic variants that promote resilience to highly heritable polygenic disorders1,0 such as schizophrenia. Resilience has been traditionally viewed as a psychological construct, although our use of the term resilience refers to a different construct that directly relates to the Resilience Project, namely: heritable variation that promotes resistance to disease by reducing the penetrance of risk loci, wherein resilience and risk loci operate orthogonal to one another. In this study, we established a procedure to identify unaffected individuals with relatively high polygenic risk for schizophrenia, and contrasted them with risk-matched schizophrenia cases to generate the first known “polygenic resilience score” that represents the additive contributions to SZ resistance by variants that are distinct from risk loci. The resilience score was derived from data compiled by the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, and replicated in three independent samples. This work establishes a generalizable framework for finding resilience variants for any complex, heritable disorder., SJG is supported by grants from the U.S. National Institutes of Health (5R01MH101519, 5R01AG054002), the Sidney R. Baer, Jr. Foundation, and NARSAD: The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation. SVF is supported by the K.G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement number 602805, the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 667302 and NIMH grants 5R01MH101519 and U01 MH109536-01. HJE is supported by grants from the U.S. National Institutes of Health (U10 AA008401; U01 MH109532). Statistical analyses were conducted on the Genetic Cluster Computer, which is financially supported by the Netherlands Scientific Organization (NOW; 480-05-003) along with a supplement from the Dutch Brain Foundation and VU University. The Danish iPSYCH (The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research) and GEMS2 teams acknowledge funding from The Lundbeck Foundation (grant no R102-A9118 and R155-2014-1724), the Stanley Medical Research Institute, an Advanced Grant from the European Research Council (project no: 294838), the Danish Strategic Research Council and grants from Aarhus University to the iSEQ and CIRRAU centers. The Danish National Biobank resource at Statens Serum Institut was supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation. Computational resources for handling and statistical analysis of iPSYCH data on the GenomeDK HPC facility were provided by the iSEQ center, Aarhus University, Denmark (grant to ADB).

Published
2021

32. Prevalence and correlates of suicidal behaviours in a representative epidemiological youth sample in Hong Kong: the significance of suicide-related rumination, family functioning, and ongoing population-level stressors

Author

Wong, Stephanie M. Y., primary, Ip, Charlie H., additional, Hui, Christy L. M., additional, Suen, Y. N., additional, Wong, Corine S. M., additional, Chang, W. C., additional, Chan, Sherry K. W., additional, Lee, Edwin H. M., additional, Lui, Simon S. Y., additional, Chan, K. T., additional, Wong, Michael T. H., additional, and Chen, Eric Y. H., additional

Published
2022
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33. What Does Psychological Autopsy Study Tell Us about Charcoal Burning Suicide--A New and Contagious Method in Asia?

Author

Chan, Sandra S. M., Chiu, Helen F. K., Chen, Eric Y. H., Chan, Wincy S. C., Wong, Paul W. C., Chan, Cecilia L. W., Law, Y. W., and Yip, Paul S. F.

Abstract

Charcoal burning suicides in Hong Kong between 2002-2004 in the 15 to 59-year-old age group were investigated using the psychological autopsy method. The psychopathological profiles of charcoal burning suicides (N = 53) were compared against "other suicides" (N = 97). The two groups did not differ significantly in the prevalence of "DSM-IV" axis I diagnoses with the exception of schizophrenic spectrum disorder which was less frequently associated with charcoal burning suicides. Score on "neuroticism" in the NEO-five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) was significantly higher in victims of charcoal burning suicide. There was also a trend toward higher score on "conscientiousness" in the NEO-FFI among charcoal burners than victims of other suicide.

Published
2009
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34. A Neurocomputational Model of Early Psychosis

Author

Chen, Eric Y. H., Goos, Gerhard, editor, Hartmanis, Juris, editor, van Leeuwen, Jan, editor, Carbonell, Jaime G., editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Palade, Vasile, editor, Howlett, Robert J., editor, and Jain, Lakhmi, editor

Published
2003
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35. A Cluster Analysis of the Circumstances of Death in Suicides in Hong Kong

Author

Chen, Eric Y. H., Chan, Wincy S. C., Chan, Sandra S. M., Liu, Ka Y., Chan, Cecilia L. W., Wong, Paul W. C., Law, Y. W., and Yip, Paul S. F.

Abstract

Classification of suicides is essential for clinicians to better identify self-harm patients with future suicidal risks. This study examined potential subtypes of suicide in a psychological autopsy sample (N = 148) in Hong Kong. Hierarchical cluster analysis extracted two subgroups of subjects in terms of expressed deliberation assessed by the Beck Suicide Intent Scale (SIS). The first group was associated with charcoal burning suicide, no psychiatric illness, indebtedness, better problem-solving ability, chronic stress, and higher overall SIS scores. The second group was associated with jumping from a height, psychotic disorders, psychiatric treatment, acute stress, and lower overall SIS score. The existence of a substantial cluster of subjects with lower expressed intent and preparation has important implications for the performance of the SIS as a predictive tool. Suicide prevention strategy may have to target potential subgroups with specific approaches.

Published
2007
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37. Effect of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Young People at Ultrahigh Risk for Psychotic Disorders: The NEURAPRO Randomized Clinical Trial

Author

McGorry, Patrick D., Nelson, Barnaby, Markulev, Connie, Yuen, Hok Pan, Schäfer, Miriam R., Mossaheb, Nilufar, Schlögelhofer, Monika, Smesny, Stephan, Hickie, Ian B., Berger, Gregor Emanuel, Chen, Eric Y. H., de Haan, Lieuwe, Nieman, Dorien H., Nordentoft, Merete, Riecher-Rössler, Anita, Verma, Swapna, Thompson, Andrew, Yung, Alison Ruth, and Amminger, G. Paul

Published
2017
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39. Impact of restrictive COVID-19 measures on daily momentary affect in an epidemiological youth sample in Hong Kong: An experience sampling study

Author

Wong, Stephanie M. Y., primary, Li, Yandy Y., additional, Hui, Christy L. M., additional, Wong, Corine S. M., additional, Wong, T. Y., additional, Cheung, Charlton, additional, Suen, Y. N., additional, Lam, Bess Y. H., additional, Lui, Simon S. Y., additional, Chan, K. T., additional, Wong, Michael T. H., additional, Chan, Sherry K. W., additional, Chang, W. C., additional, Lee, Edwin H. M., additional, Myin-Germeys, Inez, additional, and Chen, Eric Y. H., additional

Published
2022
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40. Interaction Testing and Polygenic Risk Scoring to Estimate the Association of Common Genetic Variants With Treatment Resistance in Schizophrenia

Author

Pardiñas, Antonio F., Smart, Sophie E., Corvin, Aiden, Freimer, Nelson B., Friedl, Marion, Friedman, Joseph I., Fromer, Menachem, Genovese, Giulio, Georgieva, Lyudmila, Gershon, Elliot S., Giegling, Ina, Giusti-Rodríguez, Paola, Godard, Stephanie, Fanous, Ayman H., Goldstein, Jacqueline I., Golimbet, Vera, Gopal, Srihari, Gratten, Jacob, Haan, Lieuwe de, Hammer, Christian, Hamshere, Marian L., Hansen, Mark, Hansen, Thomas, Haroutunian, Vahram, Frank, Josef, Hartmann, Annette M., Henskens, Frans A., Herms, Stefan, Hirschhorn, Joel N., Hoffmann, Per, Hofman, Andrea, Hollegaard, Mads V., Hougaard, David M., Ikeda, Masashi, Joa, Inge, Kelly, Brian, Julià, Antonio, Kahn, René S., Kalaydjieva, Luba, Karachanak-Yankova, Sena, Karjalainen, Juha, Kavanagh, David, Keller, Matthew C., Kennedy, James L., Khrunin, Andrey, Kim, Yunjung, McQuillin, Andrew, Klovins, Janis, Knowles, James A., Konte, Bettina, Kucinskas, Vaidutis, Kucinskiene, Zita Ausrele, Kuzelova-Ptackova, Hana, Kähler, Anna K., Laurent, Claudine, Keong, Jimmy Lee Chee, Lee, S. Hong, Melle, Ingrid, Lerer, Bernard, Li, Miaoxin, Li, Tao, Liang, Kung-Yee, Lieberman, Jeffrey, Limborska, Svetlana, Loughland, Carmel M., Lubinski, Jan, Lönnqvist, Jouko, Macek, Milan, Mortensen, Preben B., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Maher, Brion S., Maier, Wolfgang, Mallet, Jacques, Marsal, Sara, Mattheisen, Manuel, Mattingsdal, Morten, McCarley, Robert W., McDonald, Colm, McIntosh, Andrew M., Mowry, Bryan J., Meier, Sandra, Meijer, Carin J., Melegh, Bela, Mesholam-Gately, Raquelle I., Metspalu, Andres, Michie, Patricia T., Milani, Lili, Milanova, Vihra, Mokrab, Younes, Pato, Carlos N., Morris, Derek W., Mors, Ole, Murphy, Kieran C., Myin-Germeys, Inez, Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Nelis, Mari, Nenadic, Igor, Nertney, Deborah A., Nestadt, Gerald, Nicodemus, Kristin K., Periyasamy, Sathish, Nikitina-Zake, Liene, Nisenbaum, Laura, Nordin, Annelie, O’Callaghan, Eadbhard, O’Dushlaine, Colm, O’Neill, F. Anthony, Oh, Sang-Yun, Olincy, Ann, Olsen, Line, Os, Jim Van, Willcocks, Isabella R., Rietschel, Marcella, Pantelis, Christos, Papadimitriou, George N., Papiol, Sergi, Parkhomenko, Elena, Pato, Michele T., Paunio, Tiina, Pejovic-Milovancevic, Milica, Perkins, Diana O., Pietiläinen, Olli, Pimm, Jonathan, Rujescu, Dan, Pocklington, Andrew J., Powell, John, Price, Alkes, Pulver, Ann E., Purcell, Shaun M., Quested, Digby, Rasmussen, Henrik B., Reichenberg, Abraham, Reimers, Mark A., Richards, Alexander L., Simonsen, Carmen, Roffman, Joshua L., Roussos, Panos, Ruderfer, Douglas M., Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R., Schall, Ulrich, Schubert, Christian R., Schulze, Thomas G., Schwab, Sibylle G., Scolnick, Edward M., St Clair, David, Scott, Rodney J., Seidman, Larry J., Shi, Jianxin, Sigurdsson, Engilbert, Silagadze, Teimuraz, Silverman, Jeremy M., Sim, Kang, Slominsky, Petr, Smoller, Jordan W., So, Hon-Cheong, Tooney, Paul, Spencer, Chris C. A., Stahl, Eli A., Stefansson, Hreinn, Steinberg, Stacy, Stogmann, Elisabeth, Straub, Richard E., Strengman, Eric, Strohmaier, Jana, Stroup, T. Scott, Subramaniam, Mythily, Wu, Jing Qin, Suvisaari, Jaana, Svrakic, Dragan M., Szatkiewicz, Jin P., Söderman, Erik, Thirumalai, Srinivas, Toncheva, Draga, Tosato, Sarah, Veijola, Juha, Waddington, John, Walsh, Dermot, Andreassen, Ole A., Wang, Dai, Wang, Qiang, Webb, Bradley T., Weiser, Mark, Wildenauer, Dieter B., Williams, Nigel M., Williams, Stephanie, Witt, Stephanie H., Wolen, Aaron R., Wong, Emily H. M., Kowalec, Kaarina, Wormley, Brandon K., Xi, Hualin Simon, Zai, Clement C., Zheng, Xuebin, Zimprich, Fritz, Wray, Naomi R., Stefansson, Kari, Visscher, Peter M., Adolfsson, Rolf, Blackwood, Douglas H. R., Sullivan, Patrick F., Bramon, Elvira, Buxbaum, Joseph D., Børglum, Anders D., Cichon, Sven, Darvasi, Ariel, Domenici, Enrico, Ehrenreich, Hannelore, Esko, Tõnu, Gejman, Pablo V., Gill, Michael, Murray, Robin M., Gurling, Hugh, Hultman, Christina M., Iwata, Nakao, Jablensky, Assen V., Jönsson, Erik G., Kendler, Kenneth S., Kirov, George, Knight, Jo, Lencz, Todd, Levinson, Douglas F., Holmans, Peter A., Owen, Michael J., Li, Qingqin S., Liu, Jianjun, Malhotra, Anil K., McCarroll, Steven A., Moran, Jennifer L., Nöthen, Markus M., Ophoff, Roel A., Palotie, Aarno, Petryshen, Tracey L., MacCabe, James H., Posthuma, Danielle, Riley, Brien P., Sham, Pak C., Sklar, Pamela, Clair, David St, Weinberger, Daniel R., Wendland, Jens R., Werge, Thomas, Daly, Mark J., Agbedjro, Deborah, O’Donovan, Michael C., Stahl, Daniel, Kapur, Shitij, Millgate, Edward, Kepinska, Adrianna, Kravariti, Eugenia, Ajnakina, Olesya, Alameda, Luis, Barnes, Thomas R. E., Berardi, Domenico, Bonora, Elena, Walters, James T. R., Camporesi, Sara, Cleusix, Martine, Conus, Philippe, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, D’Andrea, Giuseppe, Demjaha, Arsime, Do, Kim Q., Doody, Gillian A., Eap, Chin B., Ferchiou, Aziz, Ripke, Stephan, Di Forti, Marta, Guidi, Lorenzo, Homman, Lina, Jenni, Raoul, Joyce, Eileen M., Kassoumeri, Laura, Khadimallah, Inès, Lastrina, Ornella, Muratori, Roberto, Noyan, Handan, Neale, Benjamin M., O’Neill, Francis A., Pignon, Baptiste, Restellini, Romeo, Richard, Jean-Romain, Schürhoff, Franck, Španiel, Filip, Szöke, Andrei, Tarricone, Ilaria, Tortelli, Andrea, Üçok, Alp, Farh, Kai-How, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Lee, Phil, Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan, Collier, David A., Dennison, Charlotte A., Huang, Hailiang, Pers, Tune H., Agartz, Ingrid, Agerbo, Esben, Albus, Margot, Alexander, Madeline, Amin, Farooq, Bacanu, Silviu A., Begemann, Martin, Belliveau, Richard A ., Lynham, Amy J., Bene, Judit, Bergen, Sarah E., Bevilacqua, Elizabeth, Black, Donald W., Bruggeman, Richard, Buccola, Nancy G., Buckner, Randy L., Byerley, William, Cahn, Wiepke, Cai, Guiqing, Legge, Sophie E., Campion, Dominique, Cantor, Rita M., Carr, Vaughan J., Carrera, Noa, Catts, Stanley V., Chambert, Kimberly D., Chan, Raymond C. K., Chen, Ronald Y. L., Chen, Eric Y. H., Cheng, Wei, Baune, Bernhard T., Cheung, Eric F. C., Chong, Siow Ann, Cloninger, C. Robert, Cohen, David, Cohen, Nadine, Cormican, Paul, Craddock, Nick, Crowley, James J., Curtis, David, Davidson, Michael, Bigdeli, Tim B., Davis, Kenneth L., Degenhardt, Franziska, Favero, Jurgen Del, DeLisi, Lynn E., Demontis, Ditte, Dikeos, Dimitris, Dinan, Timothy, Djurovic, Srdjan, Donohoe, Gary, Drapeau, Elodie, Cairns, Murray J., Duan, Jubao, Dudbridge, Frank, Durmishi, Naser, Eichhammer, Peter, Eriksson, Johan, Escott-Price, Valentina, Essioux, Laurent, Farrell, Martilias S., Franke, Lude, Freedman, Robert, Genetics Workstream of the Schizophrenia Treatment Resistance and Therapeutic Advances (STRATA) Consortium and the Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC), Ripke, S., Neale, B.M., Farh, K.H., Lee, P., Bulik-Sullivan, B., Collier, D.A., Huang, H., Pers, T.H., Agartz, I., Agerbo, E., Albus, M., Alexander, M., Amin, F., Bacanu, S.A., Begemann, M., Belliveau, R.A., Bene, J., Bergen, S.E., Bevilacqua, E., Black, D.W., Bruggeman, R., Buccola, N.G., Buckner, R.L., Byerley, W., Cahn, W., Cai, G., Campion, D., Cantor, R.M., Carr, V.J., Carrera, N., Catts, S.V., Chambert, K.D., Chan, RCK, Chen, RYL, Chen, EYH, Cheng, W., Cheung, EFC, Chong, S.A., Cloninger, C.R., Cohen, D., Cohen, N., Cormican, P., Craddock, N., Crowley, J.J., Curtis, D., Davidson, M., Davis, K.L., Degenhardt, F., Favero, J.D., DeLisi, L.E., Demontis, D., Dikeos, D., Dinan, T., Djurovic, S., Donohoe, G., Drapeau, E., Duan, J., Dudbridge, F., Durmishi, N., Eichhammer, P., Eriksson, J., Escott-Price, V., Essioux, L., Farrell, M.S., Franke, L., Freedman, R., Freimer, N.B., Friedl, M., Friedman, J.I., Fromer, M., Genovese, G., Georgieva, L., Gershon, E.S., Giegling, I., Giusti-Rodríguez, P., Godard, S., Goldstein, J.I., Golimbet, V., Gopal, S., Gratten, J., Haan, L., Hammer, C., Hamshere, M.L., Hansen, M., Hansen, T., Haroutunian, V., Hartmann, A.M., Henskens, F.A., Herms, S., Hirschhorn, J.N., Hoffmann, P., Hofman, A., Hollegaard, M.V., Hougaard, D.M., Ikeda, M., Joa, I., Julià, A., Kahn, R.S., Kalaydjieva, L., Karachanak-Yankova, S., Karjalainen, J., Kavanagh, D., Keller, M.C., Kennedy, J.L., Khrunin, A., Kim, Y., Klovins, J., Knowles, J.A., Konte, B., Kucinskas, V., Kucinskiene, Z.A., Kuzelova-Ptackova, H., Kähler, A.K., Laurent, C., Keong, JLC, Lee, S.H., Lerer, B., Li, M., Li, T., Liang, K.Y., Lieberman, J., Limborska, S., Loughland, C.M., Lubinski, J., Lönnqvist, J., Macek, M., Magnusson, PKE, Maher, B.S., Maier, W., Mallet, J., Marsal, S., Mattheisen, M., Mattingsdal, M., McCarley, R.W., McDonald, C., McIntosh, A.M., Meier, S., Meijer, C.J., Melegh, B., Melle, I., Mesholam-Gately, R.I., Metspalu, A., Michie, P.T., Milani, L., Milanova, V., Mokrab, Y., Morris, D.W., Mors, O., Murphy, K.C., Myin-Germeys, I., Müller-Myhsok, B., Nelis, M., Nenadic, I., Nertney, D.A., Nestadt, G., Nicodemus, K.K., Nikitina-Zake, L., Nisenbaum, L., Nordin, A., O'Callaghan, E., O'Dushlaine, C., O'Neill, F.A., Oh, S.Y., Olincy, A., Olsen, L., Os, J.V., Pantelis, C., Papadimitriou, G.N., Papiol, S., Parkhomenko, E., Pato, M.T., Paunio, T., Pejovic-Milovancevic, M., Perkins, D.O., Pietiläinen, O., Pimm, J., Pocklington, A.J., Powell, J., Price, A., Pulver, A.E., Purcell, S.M., Quested, D., Rasmussen, H.B., Reichenberg, A., Reimers, M.A., Richards, A.L., Roffman, J.L., Roussos, P., Ruderfer, D.M., Salomaa, V., Sanders, A.R., Schall, U., Schubert, C.R., Schulze, T.G., Schwab, S.G., Scolnick, E.M., Scott, R.J., Seidman, L.J., Shi, J., Sigurdsson, E., Silagadze, T., Silverman, J.M., Sim, K., Slominsky, P., Smoller, J.W., So, H.C., Spencer, CCA, Stahl, E.A., Stefansson, H., Steinberg, S., Stogmann, E., Straub, R.E., Strengman, E., Strohmaier, J., Stroup, T.S., Subramaniam, M., Suvisaari, J., Svrakic, D.M., Szatkiewicz, J.P., Söderman, E., Thirumalai, S., Toncheva, D., Tosato, S., Veijola, J., Waddington, J., Walsh, D., Wang, D., Wang, Q., Webb, B.T., Weiser, M., Wildenauer, D.B., Williams, N.M., Williams, S., Witt, S.H., Wolen, A.R., Wong, EHM, Wormley, B.K., Xi, H.S., Zai, C.C., Zheng, X., Zimprich, F., Wray, N.R., Stefansson, K., Visscher, P.M., Adolfsson, R., Blackwood, DHR, Bramon, E., Buxbaum, J.D., Børglum, A.D., Cichon, S., Darvasi, A., Domenici, E., Ehrenreich, H., Esko, T., Gejman, P.V., Gill, M., Gurling, H., Hultman, C.M., Iwata, N., Jablensky, A.V., Jönsson, E.G., Kendler, K.S., Kirov, G., Knight, J., Lencz, T., Levinson, D.F., Li, Q.S., Liu, J., Malhotra, A.K., McCarroll, S.A., Moran, J.L., Mortensen, P.B., Nöthen, M.M., Ophoff, R.A., Palotie, A., Petryshen, T.L., Posthuma, D., Riley, B.P., Sham, P.C., Sklar, P., Clair, D.S., Weinberger, D.R., Wendland, J.R., Werge, T., Daly, M.J., Agbedjro, D., Stahl, D., Kapur, S., Millgate, E., Kepinska, A., Kravariti, E., Medical Research Council (UK), Cardiff University, Welsh Government, Health and Care Research Wales, European Commission, Academy of Medical Sciences (UK), Research Council of Norway, K. G. Jebsen Centres for Medical Research, National Institute for Health Research (UK), University College London, Government of Canada, University of Manitoba, Swedish Research Council, National Institute of Mental Health (US), Kings College London, Public Health Agency (Northern Ireland), The Psychiatry Research Trust, Maudsley Charity, Swiss National Science Foundation, Fondation Alamaya, Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Plan Nacional sobre Drogas (España), Fundació Seny, Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Wellcome Trust, and Universidad de Cantabria

Subjects
Male, endocrine system, Multifactorial Inheritance, animal structures, Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Online First, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, ddc:610, Neurogenetics, Medicinsk genetik, Original Investigation, Research, Schizophrenia Sprectum and Other Psychotic Disorders, Featured, Genetics and genomics, Psychiatry and Mental health, Neurology, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Female, Medical Genetics, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Comments, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

[Importance] About 20% to 30% of people with schizophrenia have psychotic symptoms that do not respond adequately to first-line antipsychotic treatment. This clinical presentation, chronic and highly disabling, is known as treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). The causes of treatment resistance and their relationships with causes underlying schizophrenia are largely unknown. Adequately powered genetic studies of TRS are scarce because of the difficulty in collecting data from well-characterized TRS cohorts., [Objective] To examine the genetic architecture of TRS through the reassessment of genetic data from schizophrenia studies and its validation in carefully ascertained clinical samples., [Design, Setting, and Participants] Two case-control genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of schizophrenia were performed in which the case samples were defined as individuals with TRS (n = 10 501) and individuals with non-TRS (n = 20 325). The differences in effect sizes for allelic associations were then determined between both studies, the reasoning being such differences reflect treatment resistance instead of schizophrenia. Genotype data were retrieved from the CLOZUK and Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) schizophrenia studies. The output was validated using polygenic risk score (PRS) profiling of 2 independent schizophrenia cohorts with TRS and non-TRS: a prevalence sample with 817 individuals (Cardiff Cognition in Schizophrenia [CardiffCOGS]) and an incidence sample with 563 individuals (Genetics Workstream of the Schizophrenia Treatment Resistance and Therapeutic Advances [STRATA-G])., [Main Outcomes and Measures] GWAS of treatment resistance in schizophrenia. The results of the GWAS were compared with complex polygenic traits through a genetic correlation approach and were used for PRS analysis on the independent validation cohorts using the same TRS definition., [Results] The study included a total of 85 490 participants (48 635 [56.9%] male) in its GWAS stage and 1380 participants (859 [62.2%] male) in its PRS validation stage. Treatment resistance in schizophrenia emerged as a polygenic trait with detectable heritability (1% to 4%), and several traits related to intelligence and cognition were found to be genetically correlated with it (genetic correlation, 0.41-0.69). PRS analysis in the CardiffCOGS prevalence sample showed a positive association between TRS and a history of taking clozapine (r2 = 2.03%; P = .001), which was replicated in the STRATA-G incidence sample (r2 = 1.09%; P = .04)., [Conclusions and Relevance] In this GWAS, common genetic variants were differentially associated with TRS, and these associations may have been obscured through the amalgamation of large GWAS samples in previous studies of broadly defined schizophrenia. Findings of this study suggest the validity of meta-analytic approaches for studies on patient outcomes, including treatment resistance., This work was supported by Medical Research Council Centre grant MR/L010305/1, Medical Research Council Program grant MR/P005748/1, and Medical Research Council Project grants MR/L011794/1 and MC_PC_17212 to Cardiff University and by the National Centre for Mental Health, funded by the Welsh Government through Health and Care Research Wales. This work acknowledges the support of the Supercomputing Wales project, which is partially funded by the European Regional Development Fund via the Welsh Government. Dr Pardiñas was supported by an Academy of Medical Sciences Springboard Award (SBF005\1083). Dr Andreassen was supported by the Research Council of Norway (grants 283798, 262656, 248980, 273291, 248828, 248778, and 223273); KG Jebsen Stiftelsen, South-East Norway Health Authority, and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (grant 847776). Dr Ajnakina was supported by an National Institute for Health Research postdoctoral fellowship (PDF-2018-11-ST2-020). Dr Joyce was supported by the University College London Hospitals/UCL University College London Biomedical Research Centre. Dr Kowalec received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement (793530) from the government of Canada Banting postdoctoral fellowship programme and the University of Manitoba. Dr Sullivan was supported by the Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet, D0886501), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme (COSYN, 610307) and the US National Institute of Mental Health (U01 MH109528 and R01 MH077139). The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium was partly supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health (grants R01MH124873). The Sweden Schizophrenia Study was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health (grant R01MH077139). The STRATA consortium was supported by a Stratified Medicine Programme grant to Dr MacCabe from the Medical Research Council (grant MR/L011794/1), which funded the research and supported Drs Pardiñas, Smart, Kassoumeri, Murray, Walters, and MacCabe. Dr Smart was supported by a Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care South London at King’s College Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust. The AESOP (US) cohort was funded by the UK Medical Research Council (grant G0500817). The Belfast (UK) cohort was funded by the Research and Development Office of Northern Ireland. The Bologna (Italy) cohort was funded by the European Community’s Seventh Framework program (HEALTH-F2-2010–241909, project EU-GEI). The Genetics and Psychosis project (London, UK) cohort was funded by the UK National Institute of Health Research Specialist Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and the Maudsley National Health Service Mental Health Foundation Trust (SLAM) and the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience at King’s College London; Psychiatry Research Trust; Maudsley Charity Research Fund; and the European Community’s Seventh Framework program (HEALTH-F2-2009-241909, project EU-GEI). The Lausanne (Switzerland) cohort was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grants 320030_135736/1, 320030-120686, 324730-144064, 320030-173211, and 171804); the National Center of Competence in Research Synaptic Bases of Mental Diseases from the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 51AU40_125759); and Fondation Alamaya. The Oslo (Norway) cohort was funded by the Research Council of Norway (grant 223273/F50, under the Centers of Excellence funding scheme, 300309, 283798) and the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority (grants 2006233, 2006258, 2011085, 2014102, 2015088, and 2017-112). The Paris (France) cohort was funded by European Community’s Seventh Framework program (HEALTH-F2-2010–241909, project EU-GEI). The Prague (Czech Republic) cohort was funded by the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (grant NU20-04-00393). The Santander (Spain) cohort was funded by the following grants to Dr Crespo-Facorro: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grants FIS00/3095, PI020499, PI050427, and PI060507), Plan Nacional de Drogas Research (grant 2005-Orden sco/3246/2004), SENY Fundatio Research (grant 2005-0308007), Fundacion Marques de Valdecilla (grant A/02/07, API07/011) and Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Fund for Regional Development (grants SAF2016-76046-R and SAF2013-46292-R). The West London (UK) cohort was funded by The Wellcome Trust (grants 042025, 052247, and 064607).

Published
2022

42. Twelve-Month Cognitive Trajectories in Individuals at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis: A Latent Class Analysis

Author

Allott, Kelly, primary, Schmidt, Stefanie J, additional, Yuen, Hok Pan, additional, Wood, Stephen J, additional, Nelson, Barnaby, additional, Markulev, Connie, additional, Lavoie, Suzie, additional, Brewer, Warrick J, additional, Schäfer, Miriam R, additional, Mossaheb, Nilufar, additional, Schlögelhofer, Monika, additional, Smesny, Stefan, additional, Hickie, Ian B, additional, Berger, Gregor Emanuel, additional, Chen, Eric Y H, additional, de Haan, Lieuwe, additional, Nieman, Dorien H, additional, Nordentoft, Merete, additional, Riecher-Rössler, Anita, additional, Verma, Swapna, additional, Thompson, Andrew, additional, Yung, Alison R, additional, Amminger, Paul, additional, McGorry, Patrick D, additional, and Hartmann, Jessica, additional

Published
2022
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43. LevelMind @ JC : Development and evaluation of a community early intervention program for young people in Hong Kong

Author

Hui, Christy L.‐M., primary, Suen, Yi‐Nam, additional, Lam, Bess Y.‐H., additional, Wong, Stephanie M.‐Y., additional, Wong, Corine S.‐M., additional, Lui, Simon S.‐Y., additional, Chan, Kai‐Tai, additional, Wong, Michael T.‐H., additional, Chan, Sherry K.‐W., additional, Lee, Edwin H.‐M., additional, Chang, Wing‐Chung, additional, Wong, Gloria H.‐Y., additional, and Chen, Eric Y.‐H., additional

Published
2021
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46. Omega‐3 fatty acids and neurocognitive ability in young people at ultra‐high risk for psychosis

Author

Mclaverty, Alison, Allott, Kelly A., Berger, Maximus, Hester, Rob, Mcgorry, Patrick D., Nelson, Barnaby, Markulev, Connie, Yuen, Hok Pan, Schäfer, Miriam R., Mossaheb, Nilufar, Schlögelhofer, Monika, Smesny, Stefan, Hickie, Ian B., Berger, Gregor Emanuel, Chen, Eric Y. H., Haan, Lieuwe, Nieman, Dorien H., Nordentoft, Merete, Riecher‐rössler, Anita, Verma, Swapna, Thompson, Andrew, Yung, Alison Ruth, Amminger, G. Paul, Mclaverty, Alison, Allott, Kelly A., Berger, Maximus, Hester, Rob, Mcgorry, Patrick D., Nelson, Barnaby, Markulev, Connie, Yuen, Hok Pan, Schäfer, Miriam R., Mossaheb, Nilufar, Schlögelhofer, Monika, Smesny, Stefan, Hickie, Ian B., Berger, Gregor Emanuel, Chen, Eric Y. H., Haan, Lieuwe, Nieman, Dorien H., Nordentoft, Merete, Riecher‐rössler, Anita, Verma, Swapna, Thompson, Andrew, Yung, Alison Ruth, and Amminger, G. Paul

Published
2021

48. Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia-associated genetic loci

Author

Ripke, Stephan, Neale, Benjamin M., Corvin, Aiden, Walters, James T. R., Farh, Kai-How, Holmans, Peter A., Lee, Phil, Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan, Collier, David A., Huang, Hailiang, Pers, Tune H., Agartz, Ingrid, Agerbo, Esben, Albus, Margot, Alexander, Madeline, Amin, Farooq, Bacanu, Silviu A., Begemann, Martin, Belliveau, Richard A., Jr, Bene, Judit, Bergen, Sarah E., Bevilacqua, Elizabeth, Bigdeli, Tim B., Black, Donald W., Bruggeman, Richard, Buccola, Nancy G., Buckner, Randy L., Byerley, William, Cahn, Wiepke, Cai, Guiqing, Campion, Dominique, Cantor, Rita M., Carr, Vaughan J., Carrera, Noa, Catts, Stanley V., Chambert, Kimberly D., Chan, Raymond C. K., Chen, Ronald Y. L., Chen, Eric Y. H., Cheng, Wei, Cheung, Eric F. C., Chong, Siow Ann, Cloninger, Robert C., Cohen, David, Cohen, Nadine, Cormican, Paul, Craddock, Nick, Crowley, James J., Curtis, David, Davidson, Michael, Davis, Kenneth L., Degenhardt, Franziska, Del Favero, Jurgen, Demontis, Ditte, Dikeos, Dimitris, Dinan, Timothy, Djurovic, Srdjan, Donohoe, Gary, Drapeau, Elodie, Duan, Jubao, Dudbridge, Frank, Durmishi, Naser, Eichhammer, Peter, Eriksson, Johan, Escott-Price, Valentina, Essioux, Laurent, Fanous, Ayman H., Farrell, Martilias S., Frank, Josef, Franke, Lude, Freedman, Robert, Freimer, Nelson B., Friedl, Marion, Friedman, Joseph I., Fromer, Menachem, Genovese, Giulio, Georgieva, Lyudmila, Giegling, Ina, Giusti-Rodríguez, Paola, Godard, Stephanie, Goldstein, Jacqueline I., Golimbet, Vera, Gopal, Srihari, Gratten, Jacob, de Haan, Lieuwe, Hammer, Christian, Hamshere, Marian L., Hansen, Mark, Hansen, Thomas, Haroutunian, Vahram, Hartmann, Annette M., Henskens, Frans A., Herms, Stefan, Hirschhorn, Joel N., Hoffmann, Per, Hofman, Andrea, Hollegaard, Mads V., Hougaard, David M., Ikeda, Masashi, Joa, Inge, Julià, Antonio, Kahn, René S., Kalaydjieva, Luba, Karachanak-Yankova, Sena, Karjalainen, Juha, Kavanagh, David, Keller, Matthew C., Kennedy, James L., Khrunin, Andrey, Kim, Yunjung, Klovins, Janis, Knowles, James A., Konte, Bettina, Kucinskas, Vaidutis, Kucinskiene, Zita Ausrele, Kuzelova-Ptackova, Hana, Kähler, Anna K., Laurent, Claudine, Lee Chee Keong, Jimmy, Lee, Hong S., Legge, Sophie E., Lerer, Bernard, Li, Miaoxin, Li, Tao, Liang, Kung-Yee, Lieberman, Jeffrey, Limborska, Svetlana, Loughland, Carmel M., Lubinski, Jan, Lönnqvist, Jouko, Macek, Milan, Jr, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Maher, Brion S., Maier, Wolfgang, Mallet, Jacques, Marsal, Sara, Mattheisen, Manuel, Mattingsdal, Morten, McCarley, Robert W., McDonald, Colm, McIntosh, Andrew M., Meier, Sandra, Meijer, Carin J., Melegh, Bela, Melle, Ingrid, Mesholam-Gately, Raquelle I., Metspalu, Andres, Michie, Patricia T., Milani, Lili, Milanova, Vihra, Mokrab, Younes, Morris, Derek W., Mors, Ole, Murphy, Kieran C., Murray, Robin M., Myin-Germeys, Inez, Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Nelis, Mari, Nenadic, Igor, Nertney, Deborah A., Nestadt, Gerald, Nicodemus, Kristin K., Nikitina-Zake, Liene, Nisenbaum, Laura, Nordin, Annelie, OʼCallaghan, Eadbhard, OʼDushlaine, Colm, OʼNeill, Anthony F., Oh, Sang-Yun, Olincy, Ann, Olsen, Line, Van Os, Jim, Pantelis, Christos, Papadimitriou, George N., Papiol, Sergi, Parkhomenko, Elena, Pato, Michele T., Paunio, Tiina, Pejovic-Milovancevic, Milica, Perkins, Diana O., Pietiläinen, Olli, Pimm, Jonathan, Pocklington, Andrew J., Powell, John, Price, Alkes, Pulver, Ann E., Purcell, Shaun M., Quested, Digby, Rasmussen, Henrik B., Reichenberg, Abraham, Reimers, Mark A., Richards, Alexander L., Roffman, Joshua L., Roussos, Panos, Ruderfer, Douglas M., Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R., Schall, Ulrich, Schubert, Christian R., Schulze, Thomas G., Schwab, Sibylle G., Scolnick, Edward M., Scott, Rodney J., Seidman, Larry J., Shi, Jianxin, Sigurdsson, Engilbert, Silagadze, Teimuraz, Silverman, Jeremy M., Sim, Kang, Slominsky, Petr, Smoller, Jordan W., So, Hon-Cheong, Spencer, ChrisC. A., Stahl, Eli A., Stefansson, Hreinn, Steinberg, Stacy, Stogmann, Elisabeth, Straub, Richard E., Strengman, Eric, Strohmaier, Jana, Stroup, Scott T., Subramaniam, Mythily, Suvisaari, Jaana, Svrakic, Dragan M., Szatkiewicz, Jin P., Söderman, Erik, Thirumalai, Srinivas, Toncheva, Draga, Tosato, Sarah, Veijola, Juha, Waddington, John, Walsh, Dermot, Wang, Dai, Wang, Qiang, Webb, Bradley T., Weiser, Mark, Wildenauer, Dieter B., Williams, Nigel M., Williams, Stephanie, Witt, Stephanie H., Wolen, Aaron R., Wong, Emily H. M., Wormley, Brandon K., Xi, Hualin Simon, Zai, Clement C., Zheng, Xuebin, Zimprich, Fritz, Wray, Naomi R., Stefansson, Kari, Visscher, Peter M., Adolfsson, Rolf, Andreassen, Ole A., Blackwood, Douglas H. R., Bramon, Elvira, Buxbaum, Joseph D., Børglum, Anders D., Cichon, Sven, Darvasi, Ariel, Domenici, Enrico, Ehrenreich, Hannelore, Esko, Tõnu, Gejman, Pablo V., Gill, Michael, Gurling, Hugh, Hultman, Christina M., Iwata, Nakao, Jablensky, Assen V., Jönsson, Erik G., Kendler, Kenneth S., Kirov, George, Knight, Jo, Lencz, Todd, Levinson, Douglas F., Li, Qingqin S., Liu, Jianjun, Malhotra, Anil K., McCarroll, Steven A., McQuillin, Andrew, Moran, Jennifer L., Mortensen, Preben B., Mowry, Bryan J., Nöthen, Markus M., Ophoff, Roel A., Owen, Michael J., Palotie, Aarno, Pato, Carlos N., Petryshen, Tracey L., Posthuma, Danielle, Rietschel, Marcella, Riley, Brien P., Rujescu, Dan, Sham, Pak C., Sklar, Pamela, St Clair, David, Weinberger, Daniel R., Wendland, Jens R., Werge, Thomas, Daly, Mark J., Sullivan, Patrick F., and OʼDonovan, Michael C.

Published
2014
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