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This article reviews the molecular mechanism of iron metabolism covering iron absorption,transportation,utilization and storage with focus on the key proteins involved in iron metabolism and elaborate regulation factors. Based on these results of research it might be able to provide some new strategies to find potential biomarkers of iron metabolism to support early and correct diagnosis. What's more, a clear mechanism may also provide a breakthrough point for the targeted treatment of iron metabolism disorders in future.

This target paper builds on previous literature in Budai Rukai to develop a nuanced framework for examining the syllable structure and the impact of Chinese language education on speakers' judgments. It demonstrates new dimensions of overarching corroboration of intonational phonology and is a worthwhile endeavor. In this commentary, I address the issues of elicitation tasks and language contact by illustrating that the syllable structure of Budai Rukai is still undergoing age-related changes and remains to be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I explore multilingual preventative public health messages against the spread of COVID-19 in Taiwan between January and April 2020. Based on empirical data, the symbolic and substantive content of multilingual top-down and bottom-up public health strategies was analyzed and discussed. Findings suggest that the voices of indigenous people have largely been excluded from top-down efforts and strategies in public health communications. Top-down communication did not address the actual concerns of indigenous populations who relied on tourism to bolster their economy. Bottom-up efforts emerged from social exclusion and the inaccessibility of public health information to indigenous populations; such efforts were over-communicated, and the problems of indigenous populations remained unaddressed. I conclude by relating multilingualism and the needs of minority groups, and suggest an inclusive approach to social challenges and solutions for future pandemic preparedness.

To understand the knowledge of liner thermal expansion and thermal expansion coefficient of Q450NQR1 casting steel, dilatometry experiments were performed at two different cooling rates of 5℃·min-1 and 20℃·min-1. A mathematical model was developed to quantitatively extract the kinetic information of austenite transformation based on the concept of average atomic volume. The model was verified by microstructure examinations, indicating that the model was appropriate to describe the behavior of austenite transformation and could be applied to multi-phase transformations during steel continuous casting. The influence of cooling rate on the austenite transformation was discussed with the model. it is found that, with increasing cooling rate, two peaks associated to the precipitation of ferrite and pearlite on the thermal expansion coefficient curve shifted towards a lower temperature region with higher values. As the cooling rate increases from 5℃·min-1 to 20℃·min-1, the initial temperatures of ferrite and pearlite precipitation decrease by 32℃ and 37℃, and the final volume fractions of ferrite and pearlite gradually change from 0.894 and 0.106 to 0.945 and 0.055, respectively.

Complete removal of paraspinal schwannomas is generally required for full patient recovery. However, traditional open approaches to surgery are often extensive and may lead to more postoperative complications. Herein, we present our preliminary experience with tubular minimally invasive resection of McCormick type II paraspinal schwannomas and describe the technique by specifically reviewing two patient cases. Type of study: Retrospective: Level of evidence: Level III: A total of 15 patients (six men; nine women; median age, 45 years) who underwent minimally invasive resection of McCormick type II paraspinal schwannomas were retrospectively analysed. Preoperative characteristics, including age, location of tumour, Visual Analog Scale score, Modified McCormick Scale score, and intraoperative findings and complications were analysed. Furthermore, postoperative outcomes using imaging, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and thin-slice computed tomography, and postoperative neural status using the Modified McCormick and Visual Analog Scales were also assessed. The mean operation time was 134.72 ± 34.21 min. The estimated mean blood loss and mean hospital stay were 25.33 ± 17.27 ml and 7.67 ± 1.88 days, respectively. Regarding complications, one of the patients had a local wound infection, which improved after antibiotic treatment. The total resection in all cases was verified using postoperative MRI. The tubular minimally invasive approach is a feasible technique for the total resection of McCormick type II paraspinal schwannomas. Using this technique, surgeons can resect paraspinal schwannomas while maintaining spinal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel cytochalasans, armochaetoglasin J (1) and armochaetoglasin K (2), along with 14 known analogues (3−16) were isolated from Chaetomium globosum. Their structures were elucidated by HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and ECD spectra. Armochaetoglasins J and K were found to be inactive against the HepG2, HT-29, K562, HL-60, and A549 cancer cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]