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This study provides a detailed account of the "star-shaped" safety education and training mechanism employed in the chemical laboratory within the mechanical discipline. Furthermore, it serves as a valuable reference for other chemical laboratories with similar aims, providing a model for the improvement of safety training practices. Personnel safety in chemical laboratories remains a paramount concern, yet the number of annual accidents continues to rise at an alarming rate. A significant contributing factor to these incidents is the unsafe behavior of individuals, which highlights the urgency of mitigating such conduct to enhance safety management standards in these laboratories. Education represents a pivotal instrument in this pursuit. The Institute of Manufacturing Engineering at Huaqiao University has introduced an innovative "star-shaped" safety education framework, meticulously designed to cater to the specific needs of chemical laboratories. This mechanism draws upon the distinctive features of the university's own identity and the fundamental tenet of safety education, namely, "universal participation, comprehensive coverage, and continuous monitoring." It encompasses a wide range of safety training aspects, including safety courses for new laboratory personnel, targeted training for research groups and experimental branches, and specialized training in using instrumentation and equipment. The framework integrates theoretical and practical courses, as well as regular and irregular training sessions, ensuring that no individual is overlooked, thus achieving the goal of laboratory safety training and improving the overall level of safety management. Furthermore, assessment of this safety training is conducted through a comprehensive process encompassing audits, laboratory safety inspections, and rigorous monitoring of accidents and changes in safety hazards. This innovative framework represents a significant advancement in promoting safety in chemical laboratories and fostering a culture of safety awareness and compliance among lab personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As university chemistry laboratories continue to evolve, the importance of laboratory management has become increasingly evident. Fine management is an essential approach to enhance laboratory efficiency and safety, ensuring the smooth and secure operation of the facility. By considering the unique characteristics of chemistry experiment teaching and our institution's teaching practices, we propose the concept of strengthening the refinement and comprehensive management of experiment teaching. This article will explore various aspects, including the current status of laboratory management, the necessity of fine management, the implementation process, and the resulting effects. Fine management focuses on addressing the issues of how to manage, what to manage, and who should be responsible. Implementing fine management practices in the laboratory will contribute to improving the efficacy of laboratory management and further facilitate the cultivation of innovative talents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous development of higher education and the significant investment in talent cultivation and technological advancement by the country, the safety management and proper disposal of laboratory waste in universities have become crucial for the construction of environmentally-friendly and secure campus and the sustainable development of human society. This paper categorizes and describes the characteristics of chemical laboratory waste, and analyzes the current issues in waste management and disposal from five perspectives, extensive coverage, high personnel mobility, diverse and complex waste, insufficient safety and environmental awareness, and inadequate management. By taking into account the specific circumstances of schools, colleges, and local enterprises, a closed-loop management and disposal practice model is proposed, which integrates safety and environmental education, experimental planning, implementation of institutional regulations, and efficient information support, aiming to provide a reference for the treatment of laboratory waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are numerous hazards present in university chemistry teaching laboratories. Improper implementation of management methods and technical measures can result in injuries to both teachers and students, consequently disrupting the normal flow of experimental teaching. The negative list management system allows for a concise and comprehensive summary of issues encountered during various experimental teaching and laboratory management processes. Proper organization and continuous improvement of the negative list is one effective approach to strengthening the safety management of chemistry teaching laboratories in universities. This article, based on an analysis of the various factors impacting current university chemistry teaching laboratories, establishes a targeted negative list. It also promotes targeted laboratory safety education and training, the implementation of effective laboratory engineering and technical safety measures, and the reinforcement of mandatory laboratory safety measures. This approach, combined with the 3E method, forms a chemistry teaching laboratory safety model. The sustained development of this model, in conjunction with the negative list management system, has yielded positive results in the management of chemistry teaching laboratories and serves as a valuable reference for the safety management of such laboratories in universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, interviews with undergraduate and graduate students about incidents that did not result in an accident but felt dangerous (so-called near miss incidents) that occurred in the chemical laboratory at the university (to which the author belongs) in 2023 were conducted. An explanation of near-miss cases and the causes attributed to the experimenter is provided. Specifically, potential dangers related to (1) contact with hazardous chemicals, (2) handling of glassware, and (3) working spaces and electricity frequently occur. Comparing undergraduate and graduate students, it was found that the former tended to think about concrete and individual countermeasures, while the latter tended to discuss causes and countermeasures from a broader perspective; therefore, they were differentiated based on the description column. Comments from the graduate students were categorized into corresponding case categories and recorded in a discussion column. Furthermore, a summary section is included on who should be careful, their outlook, and their mindset.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruption in various sectors including education. Since it was announced for the first time in mid-March 2020 in Indonesia, teaching and learning activities have been carried out online, either synchronously or asynchronously. If ordinary lecture activities still allow the delivery of material by changing forms and media, practicum activities in the chemistry laboratory are completely impossible to carry out and replaced with various forms of virtual learning. This study focuses on evaluating the perceptions of students' practical skills in various basic skills after returning to offline activities, and implementing practicum workshop activities as a corrective effort to improve student skills. Based on the results obtained, students have a low perception of skills, namely in the range 2.56 ± 1.02 to 3.42 ± 1.16 on a scale of 6.00. It can be seen that the effectiveness of virtual practicum is low in terms of skills and there is a need for corrective action so that students can catch up on the basic skills of practice in the chemistry laboratory. After the workshop activities, there was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in students' perceptions of skills with a range of 4.87 ± 0.66 to 5.26 ± 0.73 on a scale of 6.00. Based on the results in this study, it is suggested that other study programs to map and evaluate students' practical skills after the COVID-19 pandemic and take corrective measure to ensure the attainment of practical skills learning outcome.

Introduction: The number of chemicals is increasing every year. Laboratories record work accidents because there are several chemicals that are not labeled and unidentified but are stored in an inappropriate place. The Globally Harmonized System (GHS) is a Global System for standardizing criteria and harmonizing hazard classification systems, Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) and Labeling. This research aims to assess and evaluate the implementation of the GHS at the Occupational Safety Division of the Manpower and Transmigration Department Surabaya. Methods: This research was a descriptive observational study. Data were collected by assessing 80 types of chemicals through assessment sheets and an interview with the analyst supervisor, who had responsibility and authority in the application of the GHS. This research aims to apply the GHS with hazard classification variables, SDS availability and suitability, and labelling availability and suitability. Results: The results showed that the implementation of the GHS at the Occupational Safety Division of the Manpower and Transmigration Department Surabaya was 66.67%, categorized as good, with a good availability and suitability assessment of SDSs of 91%, and a good availability and appropriateness assessment of labelling of 98.1%. Conclusion: The results showed that the Occupational Safety Division of the Manpower and Transmigration Department Surabaya has been very good at implementing the GHS, but some points must be made to maintain and improve the application of the GHS as an effort to prevent accidents with hazard communication.

The design elements of a fume hood and the synergy between them are essential for a fume hood to be used for containment in a chemical laboratory. A computational fluid dynamic simulation with an orthogonal design was validated and executed to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of the fume hood. The ventilation efficiency, that is, the ratio of tracer gas concentration in the exhaust outlet to the hood chamber was introduced as an indicator to evaluate fume hood performance. The ventilation efficiency was found to vary between 4.7 and 12.9 with different baffle opening ratios. The designed doorsill could effectively inhibit the separation of the air boundary layer and thus avoids vortex generation behind the doorsill. The auxiliary air supply would eliminate the eddies behind the sash and could further increase the ventilation efficiency to 13.9. All the designed elements above jointly contribute to the absence of vortices in the flow pattern that is within the hood chamber. The airflow would move from top to bottom and from outside to inside, which would minimize the spread of pollutants to the breathing zone. This paper is intended to contribute to the optimization of the aerodynamic design of fume hoods in chemical laboratories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The impact of human body heat dissipation on the containment of a fume hood was conducted via experiments and numerical model. The experiments evaluated hood face velocity and the temperature around the mannequin; the results validated the simulation. The numerical model was based on the governing equations of fluid flow via the finite volume method. The face velocities (0.3–0.9 m·s− 1) and temperature differences (11°C, 8°C and 5°C) between the surface of the mannequin and its surroundings were used as variables. The numerical results show that in addition to the blockage effect of the worker standing in front of the fume hood, there is a more important thermal effect on the containment of fume hood. The thermal plume carries pollutants leaking out of the hood face to the breathing zone. The face velocity and dimensionless value (Gr/Re 2) are recommended to be 0.4–0.6 m·s− 1 and 20–35 respectively, to reduce the influence of human thermal plume on the containment of fume hood and energy waste. The formula related to the rising distance of thermal plume, Grashof and Reynolds numbers (Gr/Re 2) was determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The problem of this research is the effectiveness of learning chemical by using the method lab work in the laboratory.The main study on this research was focused on factors affecting the effectiveness of learning, covering internal and external factors. The internal factor in this research is the student’s motivation study and the external factor is the chemistry lab management. The purposes of this research are: 1) the motivation to study of high school students in South Tangerang, 2) the effectiveness of learning chemical with the use of laboratory, 3 ) analyze the contribution of the student’s motivation to study, 4) management of chemistry lab in senior high school in South Tangerang.A method of this research is a method of survey with the quantitative approach towards two public high schools and two private senior high school in South Tangerang with the total sample 200 students. The instrument used in this research is the questionnaire with Likert scale. The research result in public senior high school and private senior high school showed that in general the activity lab work in the laboratory plays an important role in supporting chemical learning and give effectiveness in understandingof chemical lesson and to increase the student’s interest in learning so that the student’s learning motivation becomes fairly high towards the chemical subjects have been taught.

Indonesia has experiences on the lack of chemical security such as: a number of bombing terrors and hazardous chemicals found in food. Bomb used in terror is a homemade bomb made from chemicals which are widely spread in the research laboratories such as a mixture of pottasium chlorate, sulphur, and alumunium. Therefore, security of chemicals should be implemented to avoid the misused of the chemicals. Although it has experienced many cases of the misuse of chemicals, and many regulations and seminars related to chemical security have been held, but the implementation of chemical security is still a new thing for Indonesian citizens. The evident is coming from the interviews conducted in this study. Questions asked in this interview/survey included: the implementation of chemical safety and chemical security in laboratory; chemical inventory system and its regulation; and training needed for chemical security implementation. Respondents were basically a researcher from Government Research Institutes, University laboratories, senior high school laboratories, and service laboratories were still ambiguous in distinguishing chemical safety and chemical security. Because of this condition, most Indonesia chemical laboratories did not totally apply chemical security system. Education is very important step to raise people awareness and address this problem. Law and regulations should be sustained by all laboratory personnel activities to avoid chemical diversion to be used for harming people and environment. The Indonesia Government could also develop practical guidelines and standards to be applied to all chemical laboratories in Indonesia. These acts can help Government’s efforts to promote chemical security best practices which usually conducted by doing seminars and workshop.

Dangerous instruments and improper experimental research methods may he the origin of laboratory security issues. The ideas and methods of constructing chemical laboratory security system were given by application of green chemistry principles and inherently safer design at the basis of analyzing reasons of university chemical laboratory security incidents. Targeted inherently safer design for chemical experimental equipment should be carried out, chemical reaction equipment should be simplified through process intensification, and micro-reactors could be designed to reduce dosage of hazard chemicals. Scientific research and experiments should be performed by following the 12 principles of green chemistry, such as safer experimental methods designing, selectivity of harmless chemical as well as moderate experimental conditions. At the same time, safer and greener chemical laboratory would be realized fundamentally by formulating appropriate security management system , strengthening elementary knowledge education of safety based on the sufficient communication of security manager and experiment personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Laboratories of a university are important places for teaching and scientific research. The further development of independent college is on the premise that the management and construction of laboratory are excellent. Facing on the phenomenon of college chemistry laboratory accidents frequently and security issues highlighted,how to effectively strengthen the safety management of chemical laboratory is of great practical significance to the security development of independent colleges. Based on the fact of Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University,this article explored the existing problems in safety management of chemical laboratory in the independent college. And It also proposed the countermeasure contrapuntally,which are perfecting management system, improving work quality, enhancing the protective facilities,etc. It can provide train of thought for independent college to further improve the level of laboratory safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in gas mixtures at trace level (nmol/mol) are routinely measured by chemical and biochemical laboratories as climate indicators, indoor air quality pollutants from building materials emissions, contaminants in food and beverages, and biomarkers in body fluids (blood, urine, breath) of occupational exposure or human diseases. Current analytical instruments used for measurements are gas chromatographs equipped with various injector and detector configurations. The assurance of measurement quality is done by using a huge amount of certified liquid VOC standard solutions (or gaseous VOC standard cylinders) with multiple dilutions to reach the required trace level. This causes high standard uncertainty in instrument calibrations, high cost, and high consumption of analysis and laboratory personal time. In this paper, we present the implementation of portable generators producing VOC gas standards at trace level for automatic and direct calibration of VOC detectors employed in various contexts, removing the need for preparation of matrix calibration standards in cylinders. Two compact devices in-house developed by two national metrology institutes—the Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM) and the Federal Institute of Metrology (METAS)—are here used to dynamically generate reference gas mixtures in an SI traceable way. The two devices are based on different technologies: diffusion and permeation, for INRIM and METAS, respectively. A metrological characterization is given and the practical implementation at chemical and biochemical laboratories is discussed.Onsite calibration with transportable generation system with similar performances to primary laboratory devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo is the property of Escuela Nacional de Medicina del Trabajo - Instituto de Salud Carlos III and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Indoor environments in chemical laboratories have attracted growing concerns because laboratory personnel are faced with an increased risk of severe diseases. This study investigates gaseous pollutant transmission characteristics in a typical chemical laboratory with a fume hood under different scenarios using a Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) program, which is validated by a face velocity measurement. Airflow patterns and pollutant concentration distributions are analyzed while performances of the general ventilation and fume hoods are discussed. Orthogonal Experiment Design (OED) is used to analyze the order of magnitude of various factors. It is indicated that fume hoods prevent the dispersion of pollutants and make pollutant concentration distributions different from conventional ventilation systems. It is further demonstrated that both ACH and ventilation effectiveness are significant for the improvement of indoor environments and the limits to advantages of increasing ACH result from the decline in the growth rate of ventilation effectiveness or even the reduction of ventilation efficiency. Moreover, analysis of range and analysis of variance are adopted to analyze the simulation results, which suggests that pollutant source location, supply location and ACH are three dominant factors for the performances of the general ventilation. And the amount of leakage of fume hoods in DV systems is several orders of magnitude lower than MV but breathing zone control level is not only influenced by the amount of leakage but also airflow patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Safety and environmental protection are the eternal focuses to be concerned by chemical laboratories in universities. Based on the idea of green chemistry, the management operation mode of chemical laboratory safety and environmental protection has been reconstructed by National Chemistry Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center in Hebei University. Detailed measures for safety management are developed for chemical reagents, instruments and equipment, and the operation people, respectively. Two ways-the laboratory pollution prevention and control for environmental management are taken from the standard emission targets. Based on the course's characteristics, recycling methods of the waste product of one project being the reactant of another project are used among different laboratories. Pollution control methods are innovation. The results show that the laboratory safety is improved, some of the chemical wastes are recycled and the wastes volume is deduced greatly by the efficient management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

University laboratories involve various occupational hazards during the research and course activities, which might affect health and safety of both researchers and students, including chemical, physical, electrical, mechanical, as well as ergonomic and psychosocial risk factors. There are many aspects open to improvements in Occupational Health and Safety management of laboratories, and it is required to deal with risks, reduce them in an acceptable level, and implement control measures. In this study, a risk assessment approach is proposed for the university laboratory operations. The proposed approach incorporates 5S methodology, failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA), interval type-two fuzzy sets (IT2FSs), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and the VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR). AHP is injected into IT2FSs in the phase of evaluation and weighting of severity (S), occurrence (O), and detectability (D) parameters of FMEA. By applying IT2FVIKOR, it is aimed at prioritizing the emerged hazards in the chemical laboratory of the observed university. The proposed approach reveals the important hazards and suggests control measures for managing them. The study methodologically contributes to risk assessment in the knowledge, while a case study in a chemical laboratory of a newly established university offers an insight into education industry in safety improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

It has become a social consensus that colleges and universities should change to train applied undergraduates with the popularization of higher education in our country. Experimental teaching plays a vital role in the cultivation of talents in chemistry and related disciplines. Based on the main problems of safety management of the chemistry laboratory, combined with summary and thinking of technology security work in local colleges at the present, the laboratorial safety management and cultural development are preliminarily studied. This paper puts forward to set up the technology security system of laboratory, whose contents contain the laboratory safety management, promoting the quality of teachers， strengthening the safety education for students, establishing the chemicals information management framework and making chemical accident emergency rescue preplan. Creating a laboratory safety culture environment is also necessary, since it has the important sense for providing support for teaching and scientific research work. For chemical laboratories in a university, safety management connotation is very complex ； there are a lot of works waiting to be optimized such as hardware resource integration, emergency mechanism and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]