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We wanted to evaluate if optical coherence tomography angiography OCTA findings could predict the functional outcome in extracranial carotid artery atherosclerotic disease (ECAD) associated stroke. This exploratory study was performed on adults with acute ischaemic stroke due to ECAD at 3–6 weeks following stroke onset with risk factor matched controls without carotid artery stenosis. Twenty-three stroke patients (cases) and 23 controls were enrolled. There was significant difference between cases and controls in deep vessel density at the macula (p =.0007) and in radial peripapillary capillary perfusion density (RPCPD) at the optic nerve head (ONH) (p =.0007). Statistically significant difference was noted in the total superficial vessel density (SVD) at the macula (SVD within 1 standard deviation [SD] versus SVD beyond 1 SD of control data) in the ipsilateral eye and functional outcome at 3 months (poor versus very good outcome, modified Rankin scale [mRS] 0–1 versus mRS 2–6, respectively; p =.0361). There was statistically insignificant correlation between the RPCPD at the ONH and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at admission, mRS at discharge, and mRS at 3 months following stroke onset (r =.33, r =.35, r =.39; p =.11, p =.09, p =.06, respectively). The findings of this exploratory study suggested that OCTA findings may predict 3 month outcomes in cases of ECAD-related stroke and could be useful in decision making in future intervention studies as to whether intervene or not in patients having critical or non-critical ECAD for preventing stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a case of pediatric Behçet's disease in an 11-year-old boy who initially presented with symptoms that mimicked pulmonary malignancy. The boy had a paravertebral mass, along with pyrexia of unknown origin, weight loss, myalgias, and orogenital ulcers. Further examination and imaging revealed thrombophlebitis, anemia, leukocytosis, and raised inflammatory markers. After ruling out other conditions, the boy was diagnosed with Behçet's disease based on the pediatric Behçet's criteria. Treatment with medication resulted in improvement, and the boy is currently doing well. The article also provides information on the pulmonary manifestations of Behçet's disease. [Extracted from the article]

Choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) is a known entity, observed primarily during the chronic convalescent and chronic-recurrent phases of the disease. However, the peripapillary location of CNVM is a rare finding. We describe a case of chronic VKH with bilateral peripapillary CNVM detected using multimodal imaging and the associated differential diagnoses and treatment approach. A combination of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections, systemic steroids and immunosuppressants is often required to manage the aggressive course of this choroidal neovascularisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on neonatal meningitis, a rare but serious disease affecting newborns, with acute inflammation of the brain tissue. Topics include the categorization of neonatal meningitis into early and late onset, common pathogens like Group B Streptococcus and Escherichia coli, and risk factors such as prematurity and maternal colonization.

A case study of a preterm infant born at 28 weeks gestation without surfactant administration despite respiratory distress challenges conventional practices, suggesting the need for personalized neonatal care strategies. Topics include surfactant physiology, alternative delivery methods, and the risks associated with traditional endotracheal administration, prompting the reevaluation of surfactant therapy guidelines to minimize unnecessary treatment and complications in neonates.