104 results on '"Chaval Y"'
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2. Dental Shape Variation and Phylogenetic Signal in the Rattini Tribe Species of Mainland Southeast Asia
- Author
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Hulme-Beaman, A., Claude, J., Chaval, Y., Evin, A., Morand, S., Vigne, J. D., Dobney, K., and Cucchi, T.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
3. Behavioral responses of terrestrial mammals to COVID-19 lockdowns
- Author
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Tucker, M., Schipper, A., Adams, T., Attias, N., Avgar, T., Babic, N., Barker, K., Bastille-Rousseau, G., Behr, D., Belant, J., Beyer Jr, D., Blaum, N., Blount, D., Bockmühl, D., Pires Boulhosa, R. L., Brown, M., Buuveibaatar, B., Cagnacci, F., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., Černe, R., Chamaillé-Jammes, S., Chan, A. N., Chase, M., Chaval, Y., Chenaux-Ibrahim, Y., Cherry, S., Ćirović, D., Çoban, E., Cole, E., Conlee, L., Courtemanch, A., Cozzi, G., Davidson, S., Debloois, D., Dejid, N., Denicola, V., Desbiez, A., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Drake, D., Egan, M., Eikelboom, J., Fagan, W., Farmer, M., Fennessy, J., Finnegan, S., Fleming, C., Fournier, B., Fowler, N., Gantchoff, M., Garnier, A., Gehr, B., Geremia, C., Goheen, J., Hauptfleisch, M., Hebblewhite, M., Heim, M., Hertel, A., Heurich, M., Hewison, M., Hodson, J., Hoffman, N., Hopcraft, G., Huber, D., Isaac, E., Janik, K., Ježek, M., Johansson, Ö., Jordan, N. R., Kaczensky, P., Kamaru, D., Kauffman, M., Kautz, T., Kays, R., Kelly, A., Kindberg, J., Krofel, M., Kusak, J., Lamb, C., Lasharr, T., Leimgruber, P., Leitner, H., Lierz, M., Linnell, J., Lkhagvaja, P., Long, R., López-Bao, J., Loretto, M.-C., Marchand, P., Martin, H., Martinez, L., Mcbride Jr, R., Mclaren, A., Meisingset, E., Melzheimer, J., Merrill, E., Middleton, A., Monteith, K., Moore, S., Moorter, B. V., Morellet, N., Morrison, T., Müller, R., Mysterud, A., Noonan, M., O’Connor, D., Olson, D., Olson, K., Ortega, A., Ossi, F., Panzacchi, M., Patchett, R., Patterson, B., Paula, R. C. D., Payne, J., Peters, W., Petroelje, T., Pitcher, B., Pokorny, B., Poole, K., Potočnik, H., Poulin, M.-P., Pringle, R., Prins, H., Ranc, N., Reljić, S., Robb, B., Röder, R., Rolandsen, C., Rutz, C., Salemgareyev, A., Samelius, G., Sayine-Crawford, H., Schooler, S., Şekercioğlu, Ç., Selva, N., Semenzato, P., Sergiel, A., Sharma, K., Shawler, A., Signer, J., Silovský, V., Silva, J., Simon, R., Smiley, R., Smith, D., Solberg, E., Soto, D., Spiegel, O., Stabach, J., Stacy-Dawes, J., Stahler, D., Stephenson, J., Stewart, C., Strand, O., Sunde, P., Svoboda, N., Swart, J., Thompson, J., Toal, K., Uiseb, K., Vanacker, M., Velilla, M., Verzuh, T., Wachter, B., Wagler, B., Whittington, J., Wikelski, M., Wilmers, C., Wittemyer, G., Young, J., Zięba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Huijbregts, M., Mueller, T., Tucker, M., Schipper, A., Adams, T., Attias, N., Avgar, T., Babic, N., Barker, K., Bastille-Rousseau, G., Behr, D., Belant, J., Beyer Jr, D., Blaum, N., Blount, D., Bockmühl, D., Pires Boulhosa, R. L., Brown, M., Buuveibaatar, B., Cagnacci, F., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., Černe, R., Chamaillé-Jammes, S., Chan, A. N., Chase, M., Chaval, Y., Chenaux-Ibrahim, Y., Cherry, S., Ćirović, D., Çoban, E., Cole, E., Conlee, L., Courtemanch, A., Cozzi, G., Davidson, S., Debloois, D., Dejid, N., Denicola, V., Desbiez, A., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Drake, D., Egan, M., Eikelboom, J., Fagan, W., Farmer, M., Fennessy, J., Finnegan, S., Fleming, C., Fournier, B., Fowler, N., Gantchoff, M., Garnier, A., Gehr, B., Geremia, C., Goheen, J., Hauptfleisch, M., Hebblewhite, M., Heim, M., Hertel, A., Heurich, M., Hewison, M., Hodson, J., Hoffman, N., Hopcraft, G., Huber, D., Isaac, E., Janik, K., Ježek, M., Johansson, Ö., Jordan, N. R., Kaczensky, P., Kamaru, D., Kauffman, M., Kautz, T., Kays, R., Kelly, A., Kindberg, J., Krofel, M., Kusak, J., Lamb, C., Lasharr, T., Leimgruber, P., Leitner, H., Lierz, M., Linnell, J., Lkhagvaja, P., Long, R., López-Bao, J., Loretto, M.-C., Marchand, P., Martin, H., Martinez, L., Mcbride Jr, R., Mclaren, A., Meisingset, E., Melzheimer, J., Merrill, E., Middleton, A., Monteith, K., Moore, S., Moorter, B. V., Morellet, N., Morrison, T., Müller, R., Mysterud, A., Noonan, M., O’Connor, D., Olson, D., Olson, K., Ortega, A., Ossi, F., Panzacchi, M., Patchett, R., Patterson, B., Paula, R. C. D., Payne, J., Peters, W., Petroelje, T., Pitcher, B., Pokorny, B., Poole, K., Potočnik, H., Poulin, M.-P., Pringle, R., Prins, H., Ranc, N., Reljić, S., Robb, B., Röder, R., Rolandsen, C., Rutz, C., Salemgareyev, A., Samelius, G., Sayine-Crawford, H., Schooler, S., Şekercioğlu, Ç., Selva, N., Semenzato, P., Sergiel, A., Sharma, K., Shawler, A., Signer, J., Silovský, V., Silva, J., Simon, R., Smiley, R., Smith, D., Solberg, E., Soto, D., Spiegel, O., Stabach, J., Stacy-Dawes, J., Stahler, D., Stephenson, J., Stewart, C., Strand, O., Sunde, P., Svoboda, N., Swart, J., Thompson, J., Toal, K., Uiseb, K., Vanacker, M., Velilla, M., Verzuh, T., Wachter, B., Wagler, B., Whittington, J., Wikelski, M., Wilmers, C., Wittemyer, G., Young, J., Zięba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Huijbregts, M., and Mueller, T. more...
- Abstract
COVID-19 lockdowns in early 2020 reduced human mobility, providing an opportunity to disentangle its effects on animals from those of landscape modifications. Using GPS data, we compared movements and road avoidance of 2300 terrestrial mammals (43 species) during the lockdowns to the same period in 2019. Individual responses were variable with no change in average movements or road avoidance behavior, likely due to variable lockdown conditions. However, under strict lockdowns 10-day 95th percentile displacements increased by 73%, suggesting increased landscape permeability. Animals’ 1-hour 95th percentile displacements declined by 12% and animals were 36% closer to roads in areas of high human footprint, indicating reduced avoidance during lockdowns. Overall, lockdowns rapidly altered some spatial behaviors, highlighting variable but substantial impacts of human mobility on wildlife worldwide. more...
- Published
- 2023
4. Molecular prevalence of Trypanosoma spp. in wild rodents of Southeast Asia: influence of human settlement habitat
- Author
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PUMHOM, P., POGNON, D., YANGTARA, S., THAPRATHORN, N., MILOCCO, C., DOUANGBOUPHA, B., HERDER, S., CHAVAL, Y., MORAND, S., JITTAPALAPONG, S., and DESQUESNES, M.
- Published
- 2014
5. Quantifying heritability and estimating evolutionary potential in the wild when individuals that share genes also share environments
- Author
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Gervais, L., Morellet, N., David, I., Hewison, A. J. M., Réale, D., Goulard, M., Chaval, Y., Lourtet, B., Cargnelutti, B., Merlet, J., Quéméré, E., Pujol, B., Gervais, L., Morellet, N., David, I., Hewison, A. J. M., Réale, D., Goulard, M., Chaval, Y., Lourtet, B., Cargnelutti, B., Merlet, J., Quéméré, E., and Pujol, B. more...
- Abstract
Accurate heritability estimates for fitness-related traits are required to predict an organism’s ability to respond to global change. Heritability estimates are theoretically expected to be inflated if, due to limited dispersal, individuals that share genes are also likely to share similar environments. However, if relatives occupy similar environments due, at least partly, to genetic variation for habitat selection, then accounting for environmental similarity in quantitative genetic models may result in diminished heritability estimates in wild populations. This potential issue has been pointed out in the literature, but has not been evaluated by empirical studies. Here, we investigate whether environmental similarity among individuals can be partly explained by genetic variation for habitat selection, and how this link potentially blurs estimates for heritability in fitness-related traits. Using intensive GPS-monitoring, we quantified home-range habitat composition for 293 roe deer inhabiting a heterogeneous landscape to assess environmental similarity. To investigate if environmental similarity might harbour genetic variation, we combined genome-wide data in a quantitative genetic framework to evaluate genetic variation for home-range habitat composition, which is partly the result of habitat selection at settlement. Finally, we explored how environmental similarity affects heritability estimates for behaviours related to the risk avoidance-resource acquisition trade-off (i.e. being in open habitat, distance to roads) and proxies of individual performance (i.e. body mass, hind foot length). We found substantial heritability for home-range habitat composition, with estimates ranging from 0.40 (proportion of meadows) to 0.85 (proportion of refuge habitat). Accounting for similarity in habitat composition between relatives decreased the heritability estimates for both behavioural and morphological traits (reduction ranging from 55% to 100% and from 22% to 41%, resp more...
- Published
- 2022
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6. Kinship, dispersal and hantavirus transmission in bank and common voles
- Author
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Deter, J., Chaval, Y., Galan, M., Gauffre, B., Morand, S., Henttonen, H., Laakkonen, J., Voutilainen, L., Charbonnel, N., and Cosson, J.-F.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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7. The intestinal nematode Trichuris arvicolae affects the fecundity of its host, the common vole Microtus arvalis
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Deter, J., Cosson, J.-F., Chaval, Y., Charbonnel, N., and Morand, S.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
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8. Molecular Demonstration of Trypanosoma evansi and Trypanosoma lewisi DNA in Wild Rodents from Cambodia, Lao PDR and Thailand
- Author
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Milocco, C., Kamyingkird, K., Desquesnes, M., Jittapalapong, S., Herbreteau, V., Chaval, Y., Douangboupha, B., and Morand, S.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Relationship between the excretion of eggs of parasitic helminths in roe deer and local livestock density
- Author
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Verheyden, H., primary, Richomme, C., additional, Sevila, J., additional, Merlet, J., additional, Lourtet, B., additional, Chaval, Y., additional, and Hoste, H., additional
- Published
- 2020
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10. Multiple parasites mediate balancing selection at two MHC class II genes in the fossorial water vole: insights from multivariate analyses and population genetics
- Author
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TOLLENAERE, C., BRYJA, J., GALAN, M., CADET, P., DETER, J., CHAVAL, Y., BERTHIER, K., RIBAS SALVADOR, A., VOUTILAINEN, L., LAAKKONEN, J., HENTTONEN, H., COSSON, J.-F., and CHARBONNEL, N.
- Published
- 2008
11. Influence of geographical scale on the detection of density dependence in the host-parasite system, Arvicola terrestris and Taenia taeniaeformis
- Author
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DETER, J., BERTHIER, K., CHAVAL, Y., COSSON, J. F., MORAND, S., and CHARBONNEL, N.
- Published
- 2006
12. Dental Shape Variation and Phylogenetic Signal in the Rattini Tribe Species of Mainland Southeast Asia
- Author
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Hulme-Beaman, A., primary, Claude, J., additional, Chaval, Y., additional, Evin, A., additional, Morand, S., additional, Vigne, J. D., additional, Dobney, K., additional, and Cucchi, T., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Protocols for field and laboratory rodent studies
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Herbreteau, Vincent, Chaval, Y., Cosson, J.F., Morand, S., Herbreteau, Vincent (ed.), Jittapalapong, S. (ed.), Rerkamnuaychoke, W. (ed.), Chaval, Y. (ed.), Cosson, J.F. (ed.), and Morand, S. (ed.)
- Subjects
SEXE ,ESPECE ,IDENTIFICATION ,ANALYSE DE LABORATOIRE ,RAT ,CARACTERE MORPHOLOGIQUE ,MESURE ,ANIMAL ,ADULTE ,JUVENILE ,METHODOLOGIE ,RONGEUR - Published
- 2011
14. Protocols for field and laboratory rodent studies
- Author
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Auffray, J.C., Blasdell, K., Bordes, F., Chabé, M., Chaisiri, K., Charbonnel, N., Chaval, Y., Claude, J., Cosson, J.F., Dei-Cas, E., Desquesnes, M., Dobigny, Gauthier, Douangboupha, B., Galan, M., Haukisalmi, V., Henttonen, H., Herbreteau, Vincent, Hugot, J.P., Jiyipong, T., Latinne, A., Michaux, J., Milocco, C., Morand, S., Pagès, M., Phoophitpong, D., Pumhom, P., Ribas Salvador, A., Soonchan, S., Suputtamongkol, Y., Waengsothorn, S., Waywa, D., Xuéreb, A., Herbreteau, Vincent (ed.), Jittapalapong, S. (ed.), Rerkamnuaychoke, W. (ed.), Chaval, Y. (ed.), Cosson, J.F. (ed.), and Morand, S. (ed.) more...
- Subjects
ANALYSE DE LABORATOIRE ,LABORATOIRE ,RAT ,ANIMAL ,HYGIENE ,METHODOLOGIE ,RONGEUR - Published
- 2011
15. Protocols for field and laboratory rodent studies
- Author
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Chaval, Y., Waengsothorn, S., Claude, J., Soonchan, S., Herbreteau, Vincent, Herbreteau, Vincent (ed.), Jittapalapong, S. (ed.), Rerkamnuaychoke, W. (ed.), Chaval, Y. (ed.), Cosson, J.F. (ed.), and Morand, S. (ed.) more...
- Subjects
STOCKAGE ,SPECIMEN TYPE ,COLLECTION ZOOLOGIQUE ,RAT ,ANIMAL ,BASE DE DONNEES ,METHODOLOGIE ,RONGEUR - Published
- 2011
16. A multi-approach survey as the most reliable tool to accurately assess biodiversity : an example of Thai murine rodents
- Author
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Chaval, Y., Dobigny, Gauthier, Michaux, J., Cosson, J.F., and Herbreteau, Vincent
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IDENTIFICATION ,CYTOLOGIE ,MORPHOLOGIE ,ETUDE COMPARATIVE ,PHYLOGENIE ,DIVERSITE SPECIFIQUE ,BIOLOGIE MOLECULAIRE ,TAXONOMIE ,METHODOLOGIE ,FAUNE ,RONGEUR - Published
- 2010
17. Molecular prevalence ofTrypanosomaspp. in wild rodents of Southeast Asia: influence of human settlement habitat
- Author
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PUMHOM, P., primary, POGNON, D., additional, YANGTARA, S., additional, THAPRATHORN, N., additional, MILOCCO, C., additional, DOUANGBOUPHA, B., additional, HERDER, S., additional, CHAVAL, Y., additional, MORAND, S., additional, JITTAPALAPONG, S., additional, and DESQUESNES, M., additional more...
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Helminth communities in murid rodents from southern and northern localities in Lao PDR: the role of habitat and season
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Pakdeenarong, N., primary, Siribat, P., additional, Chaisiri, K., additional, Douangboupha, B., additional, Ribas, A., additional, Chaval, Y., additional, Herbreteau, V., additional, and Morand, S., additional more...
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Molecular Demonstration ofTrypanosoma evansiandTrypanosoma lewisiDNA in Wild Rodents from Cambodia, Lao PDR and Thailand
- Author
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Milocco, C., primary, Kamyingkird, K., additional, Desquesnes, M., additional, Jittapalapong, S., additional, Herbreteau, V., additional, Chaval, Y., additional, Douangboupha, B., additional, and Morand, S., additional more...
- Published
- 2012
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20. Landscape genetics highlights the role of bank vole metapopulation dynamics in the epidemiology of Puumala hantavirus
- Author
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GUIVIER, E., primary, GALAN, M., additional, CHAVAL, Y., additional, XUÉREB, A., additional, RIBAS SALVADOR, A., additional, POULLE, M.-L., additional, VOUTILAINEN, L., additional, HENTTONEN, H., additional, CHARBONNEL, N., additional, and COSSON, J. F., additional more...
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Hantaviruses and the dilution effect in Southeast Asia
- Author
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Blasdell, KR, primary, Morand, S, additional, Chaval, Y, additional, Herbreteau, V, additional, Douangboupha, B, additional, Jittapalapong, S, additional, Cosson, JF, additional, and Buchy, P, additional more...
- Published
- 2011
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22. New karyotypic data for Asian rodents (Rodentia, Muridae) with the first report of B-chromosomes in the genusMus
- Author
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Badenhorst, D., primary, Herbreteau, V., additional, Chaval, Y., additional, Pagès, M., additional, Robinson, T. J., additional, Rerkamnuaychoke, W., additional, Morand, S., additional, Hugot, J.-P., additional, and Dobigny, G., additional more...
- Published
- 2009
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- View/download PDF
23. Kinship, dispersal and hantavirus transmission in bank and common voles
- Author
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Deter, J., primary, Chaval, Y., additional, Galan, M., additional, Gauffre, B., additional, Morand, S., additional, Henttonen, H., additional, Laakkonen, J., additional, Voutilainen, L., additional, Charbonnel, N., additional, and Cosson, J.-F., additional more...
- Published
- 2007
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- View/download PDF
24. Genetic structure and gene flow in French populations of two Ostrinia taxa: host races or sibling species?
- Author
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MALAUSA, T., primary, DALECKY, A., additional, PONSARD, S., additional, AUDIOT, P., additional, STREIFF, R., additional, CHAVAL, Y., additional, and BOURGUET, D., additional
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- 2007
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25. Migration and recovery of the genetic diversity during the increasing density phase in cyclic vole populations
- Author
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BERTHIER, K., primary, CHARBONNEL, N., additional, GALAN, M., additional, CHAVAL, Y., additional, and COSSON, J.‐F., additional
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Influence of geographical scale on the detection of density dependence in the host-parasite system,Arvicola terrestrisandTaenia taeniaeformis
- Author
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DETER, J., primary, BERTHIER, K., additional, CHAVAL, Y., additional, COSSON, J. F., additional, MORAND, S., additional, and CHARBONNEL, N., additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Helminth communities in murid rodents from southern and northern localities in Lao PDR: the role of habitat and season.
- Author
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Pakdeenarong, N., Siribat, P., Chaisiri, K., Douangboupha, B., Ribas, A., Chaval, Y., Herbreteau, V., and Morand, S.
- Subjects
ECOLOGY of pests ,MURIDAE ,SPECIES diversity ,HELMINTHIASIS ,HABITATS - Abstract
The helminth communities of wild murid rodents were investigated in Luang Prabang and Champasak province, Lao PDR. Thirteen species of rodents (404 individuals) were infected by 19 species of parasites (2 trematode, 3 cestode, 14 nematode species). Four of the recorded helminth species (Echinostoma malayanum, Raillietina sp., Hymenolepis diminuta and H. nana) are known to cause potential zoonotic helminthiases of medical importance in the South-East Asian region. Individual helminth infection was significantly higher in the wet season. Habitat significantly influenced individual helminth species richness and individual helminth abudance, with a decrease of individual helminth species richness and individual helminth abundance from forest habitat to agricultural and human settlement habitats. The reduction of helminth diversity and abundance is discussed in relation to the ongoing increase of human influence on habitats in Lao PDR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2014
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28. A multi-approach survey as the most reliable tool to accurately assess biodiversity: An example of Thai Murine rodents
- Author
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Chaval, Y., Dobigny, G., Michaux, J., Pagès, M., Corbisier, C., Jean François Cosson, Herbreteau, V., Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) more...
- Subjects
CYTOTAXONOMY ,BIODIVERSITE ,BARCODING ,[SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology ,GENETIC ,MORPHOLOGIE ,L60 - Taxonomie et géographie animales ,Rodentia ,MURINAE ,GENETIQUE ,L10 - Génétique et amélioration des animaux ,RONGEUR ,CYTOLOGIE ,RODENTS ,MORPHOLOGY ,U30 - Méthodes de recherche - Abstract
Wildlife surveys rely on an accurate taxonomic framework. Identification tools used to reach this goal are not equivalent and may depend on several objectives and constraints, including sampling conservation difficulties, the invasiveness of the sampling techniques, sampling capacity, the relevance of the results, materials needed, the cost and the user time required in the field and laboratory. This article presents and discusses the advantages and limits of each identification tool used in the Ceropath (Community ecology of rodents and their pathogens in South East Asia) program to reach a fast and relevant identification of the rodents sampled. It is concluded that there needs to be a combination of the results from different methods, including the most recent ones, to achieve an improvement in taxonomic identification. more...
29. Concomitant influence of helminth infection and landscape on the distribution of Puumala hantavirus in its reservoir, Myodes glareolus
- Author
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Henttonen Heikki, Voutilainen Liina, Sironen Tarja, Poulle Marie-Lazarine, Cadet Patrice, Chaval Yannick, Xuéreb Anne, Guivier Emmanuel, Salvador Alexis, Cosson Jean-François, and Charbonnel Nathalie
- Subjects
Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Abstract Background Puumala virus, the agent of nephropathia epidemica (NE), is the most prevalent hantavirus in Europe. The risk for human infection seems to be strongly correlated with the prevalence of Puumala virus (PUUV) in populations of its reservoir host species, the bank vole Myodes glareolus. In humans, the infection risks of major viral diseases are affected by the presence of helminth infections. We therefore proposed to analyse the influence of both helminth community and landscape on the prevalence of PUUV among bank vole populations in the Ardennes, a PUUV endemic area in France. Results Among the 313 voles analysed, 37 had anti-PUUV antibodies. Twelve gastro-intestinal helminth species were recorded among all voles sampled. We showed that PUUV seroprevalence strongly increased with age or sexual maturity, especially in the northern forests (massif des Ardennes). The helminth community structure significantly differed between this part and the woods or hedgerows of the southern cretes pre-ardennaises. Using PUUV RNA quantification, we identified significant coinfections between PUUV and gastro-intestinal helminths in the northern forests only. More specifically, PUUV infection was positively associated with the presence of Heligmosomum mixtum, and in a lesser extent, Aonchotheca muris-sylvatici. The viral load of PUUV infected individuals tended to be higher in voles coinfected with H. mixtum. It was significantly lower in voles coinfected with A. muris-sylvatici, reflecting the influence of age on these latter infections. Conclusions This is the first study to emphasize hantavirus - helminth coinfections in natural populations. It also highlights the importance to consider landscape when searching for such associations. We have shown that landscape characteristics strongly influence helminth community structure as well as PUUV distribution. False associations might therefore be evidenced if geographic patterns of helminths or PUUV repartition are not previously identified. Moreover, our work revealed that interactions between helminths and landscape enhance/deplete the occurrence of coinfections between PUUV and H. mixtum or A. muris-sylvatici. Further experimental analyses and long-term individual surveys are now required to confirm these correlative results, and to ascertain the causal links between helminth and PUUV infection risks. more...
- Published
- 2011
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30. Revisiting the taxonomy of the Rattini tribe: a phylogeny-based delimitation of species boundaries
- Author
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Waengsothorn Surachit, Cosson Jean-François, Herbreteau Vincent, Chaval Yannick, Pagès Marie, Hugot Jean-Pierre, Morand Serge, and Michaux Johan
- Subjects
Evolution ,QH359-425 - Abstract
Abstract Background Rodents are recognized as hosts for at least 60 zoonotic diseases and may represent a serious threat for human health. In the context of global environmental changes and increasing mobility of humans and animals, contacts between pathogens and potential animal hosts and vectors are modified, amplifying the risk of disease emergence. An accurate identification of each rodent at a specific level is needed in order to understand their implications in the transmission of diseases. Among the Muridae, the Rattini tribe encompasses 167 species inhabiting South East Asia, a hotspot of both biodiversity and emerging and re-emerging diseases. The region faces growing economical development that affects habitats, biodiversity and health. Rat species have been demonstrated as significant hosts of pathogens but are still difficult to recognize at a specific level using morphological criteria. DNA-barcoding methods appear as accurate tools for rat species identification but their use is hampered by the need of reliable identification of reference specimens. In this study, we explore and highlight the limits of the current taxonomy of the Rattini tribe. Results We used the DNA sequence information itself as the primary information source to establish group membership and estimate putative species boundaries. We sequenced two mitochondrial and one nuclear genes from 122 rat samples to perform phylogenetic reconstructions. The method of Pons and colleagues (2006) that determines, with no prior expectations, the locations of ancestral nodes defining putative species was then applied to our dataset. To give an appropriate name to each cluster recognized as a putative species, we reviewed information from the literature and obtained sequences from a museum holotype specimen following the ancient DNA criteria. Conclusions Using a recently developed methodology, this study succeeds in refining the taxonomy of one of the most difficult groups of mammals. Most of the species expected within the area were retrieved but new putative species limits were also indicated, in particular within Berylmys and Rattus genera, where future taxonomic studies should be directed. Our study lays the foundations to better investigate rodent-born diseases in South East Asia and illustrates the relevance of evolutionary studies for health and medical sciences. more...
- Published
- 2010
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31. Protocols for field and laboratory rodent studies
- Author
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Dobigny, Gauthier, Xuéreb, A., Herbreteau, Vincent (ed.), Jittapalapong, S. (ed.), Rerkamnuaychoke, W. (ed.), Chaval, Y. (ed.), Cosson, J.F. (ed.), and Morand, S. (ed.)
- Subjects
ANALYSE DE LABORATOIRE ,RAT ,CULTURE DE TISSUS ,ANIMAL ,CARYOTYPE ,PRELEVEMENT ,METHODOLOGIE ,CYTOGENETIQUE ,RONGEUR - Published
- 2011
32. Neonatal antipredator tactics shape female movement patterns in large herbivores.
- Author
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Atmeh K, Bonenfant C, Gaillard JM, Garel M, Hewison AJM, Marchand P, Morellet N, Anderwald P, Buuveibaatar B, Beck JL, Becker MS, van Beest FM, Berg J, Bergvall UA, Boone RB, Boyce MS, Chamaillé-Jammes S, Chaval Y, Buyanaa C, Christianson D, Ciuti S, Côté SD, Diefenbach DR, Droge E, du Toit JT, Dwinnell S, Fennessy J, Filli F, Fortin D, Hart EE, Hayes M, Hebblewhite M, Heim M, Herfindal I, Heurich M, von Hoermann C, Huggler K, Jackson C, Jakes AF, Jones PF, Kaczensky P, Kauffman M, Kjellander P, LaSharr T, Loe LE, May R, McLoughlin P, Meisingset EL, Merrill E, Monteith KL, Mueller T, Mysterud A, Nandintsetseg D, Olson K, Payne J, Pearson S, Pedersen ÅØ, Ranglack D, Reinking AK, Rempfler T, Rice CG, Røskaft E, Sæther BE, Saïd S, Santacreu H, Schmidt NM, Smit D, Stabach JA, St-Laurent MH, Taillon J, Walter WD, White K, Péron G, and Loison A more...
- Abstract
Caring for newborn offspring hampers resource acquisition of mammalian females, curbing their ability to meet the high energy expenditure of early lactation. Newborns are particularly vulnerable, and, among the large herbivores, ungulates have evolved a continuum of neonatal antipredator tactics, ranging from immobile hider (such as roe deer fawns or impala calves) to highly mobile follower offspring (such as reindeer calves or chamois kids). How these tactics constrain female movements around parturition is unknown, particularly within the current context of increasing habitat fragmentation and earlier plant phenology caused by global warming. Here, using a comparative analysis across 54 populations of 23 species of large herbivores from 5 ungulate families (Bovidae, Cervidae, Equidae, Antilocapridae and Giraffidae), we show that mothers adjust their movements to variation in resource productivity and heterogeneity according to their offspring's neonatal tactic. Mothers with hider offspring are unable to exploit environments where the variability of resources occurs at a broad scale, which might alter resource allocation compared with mothers with follower offspring. Our findings reveal that the overlooked neonatal tactic plays a key role for predicting how species are coping with environmental variation., Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.) more...
- Published
- 2024
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33. Reproductive tactics, birth timing and the risk-resource trade-off in an income breeder.
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Benoit L, Morellet N, Bonnot NC, Cargnelutti B, Chaval Y, Gaillard JM, Loison A, Lourtet B, Marchand P, Coulon A, and Hewison AJM
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Animals, Reproduction, Ecosystem, Predatory Behavior, Deer
- Abstract
In variable environments, habitats that are rich in resources often carry a higher risk of predation. As a result, natural selection should favour individuals that balance allocation of time to foraging versus avoiding predation through an optimal decision-making process that maximizes fitness. The behavioural trade-off between resource acquisition and risk avoidance is expected to be particularly acute during gestation and lactation, when the energetic demands of reproduction peak. Here, we investigated how reproductive female roe deer adjust their foraging activity and habitat use during the birth period to manage this trade-off compared with non-reproductive juveniles, and how parturition date constrains individual tactics of risk-resource management. Activity of reproductive females more than doubled immediately following parturition, when energy demand is highest. Furthermore, compared with non-reproductive juveniles, they increased their exposure to risk by using open habitat more during daytime and ranging closer to roads. However, these post-partum modifications in behaviour were particularly pronounced in late-parturient females who adopted a more risk-prone tactic, presumably to compensate for the growth handicap of their late-born offspring. In income breeders, individuals that give birth late may be constrained to trade risk avoidance for foraging during peak allocation to reproduction, with probable consequences for individual fitness. more...
- Published
- 2023
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34. Behavioral responses of terrestrial mammals to COVID-19 lockdowns.
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Tucker MA, Schipper AM, Adams TSF, Attias N, Avgar T, Babic NL, Barker KJ, Bastille-Rousseau G, Behr DM, Belant JL, Beyer DE Jr, Blaum N, Blount JD, Bockmühl D, Pires Boulhosa RL, Brown MB, Buuveibaatar B, Cagnacci F, Calabrese JM, Černe R, Chamaillé-Jammes S, Chan AN, Chase MJ, Chaval Y, Chenaux-Ibrahim Y, Cherry SG, Ćirović D, Çoban E, Cole EK, Conlee L, Courtemanch A, Cozzi G, Davidson SC, DeBloois D, Dejid N, DeNicola V, Desbiez ALJ, Douglas-Hamilton I, Drake D, Egan M, Eikelboom JAJ, Fagan WF, Farmer MJ, Fennessy J, Finnegan SP, Fleming CH, Fournier B, Fowler NL, Gantchoff MG, Garnier A, Gehr B, Geremia C, Goheen JR, Hauptfleisch ML, Hebblewhite M, Heim M, Hertel AG, Heurich M, Hewison AJM, Hodson J, Hoffman N, Hopcraft JGC, Huber D, Isaac EJ, Janik K, Ježek M, Johansson Ö, Jordan NR, Kaczensky P, Kamaru DN, Kauffman MJ, Kautz TM, Kays R, Kelly AP, Kindberg J, Krofel M, Kusak J, Lamb CT, LaSharr TN, Leimgruber P, Leitner H, Lierz M, Linnell JDC, Lkhagvaja P, Long RA, López-Bao JV, Loretto MC, Marchand P, Martin H, Martinez LA, McBride RT Jr, McLaren AAD, Meisingset E, Melzheimer J, Merrill EH, Middleton AD, Monteith KL, Moore SA, Van Moorter B, Morellet N, Morrison T, Müller R, Mysterud A, Noonan MJ, O'Connor D, Olson D, Olson KA, Ortega AC, Ossi F, Panzacchi M, Patchett R, Patterson BR, de Paula RC, Payne J, Peters W, Petroelje TR, Pitcher BJ, Pokorny B, Poole K, Potočnik H, Poulin MP, Pringle RM, Prins HHT, Ranc N, Reljić S, Robb B, Röder R, Rolandsen CM, Rutz C, Salemgareyev AR, Samelius G, Sayine-Crawford H, Schooler S, Şekercioğlu ÇH, Selva N, Semenzato P, Sergiel A, Sharma K, Shawler AL, Signer J, Silovský V, Silva JP, Simon R, Smiley RA, Smith DW, Solberg EJ, Ellis-Soto D, Spiegel O, Stabach J, Stacy-Dawes J, Stahler DR, Stephenson J, Stewart C, Strand O, Sunde P, Svoboda NJ, Swart J, Thompson JJ, Toal KL, Uiseb K, VanAcker MC, Velilla M, Verzuh TL, Wachter B, Wagler BL, Whittington J, Wikelski M, Wilmers CC, Wittemyer G, Young JK, Zięba F, Zwijacz-Kozica T, Huijbregts MAJ, and Mueller T more...
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Movement, Animals, Wild physiology, Animals, Wild psychology, COVID-19 epidemiology, Mammals physiology, Mammals psychology, Quarantine, Animal Migration
- Abstract
COVID-19 lockdowns in early 2020 reduced human mobility, providing an opportunity to disentangle its effects on animals from those of landscape modifications. Using GPS data, we compared movements and road avoidance of 2300 terrestrial mammals (43 species) during the lockdowns to the same period in 2019. Individual responses were variable with no change in average movements or road avoidance behavior, likely due to variable lockdown conditions. However, under strict lockdowns 10-day 95th percentile displacements increased by 73%, suggesting increased landscape permeability. Animals' 1-hour 95th percentile displacements declined by 12% and animals were 36% closer to roads in areas of high human footprint, indicating reduced avoidance during lockdowns. Overall, lockdowns rapidly altered some spatial behaviors, highlighting variable but substantial impacts of human mobility on wildlife worldwide. more...
- Published
- 2023
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35. Quantifying heritability and estimating evolutionary potential in the wild when individuals that share genes also share environments.
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Gervais L, Morellet N, David I, Hewison M, Réale D, Goulard M, Chaval Y, Lourtet B, Cargnelutti B, Merlet J, Quéméré E, and Pujol B
- Subjects
- Animals, Biological Evolution, Genotype, Homing Behavior, Phenotype, Deer genetics
- Abstract
Accurate heritability estimates for fitness-related traits are required to predict an organism's ability to respond to global change. Heritability estimates are theoretically expected to be inflated if, due to limited dispersal, individuals that share genes are also likely to share similar environments. However, if relatives occupy similar environments due, at least partly, to genetic variation for habitat selection, then accounting for environmental similarity in quantitative genetic models may result in diminished heritability estimates in wild populations. This potential issue has been pointed out in the literature, but has not been evaluated by empirical studies. Here, we investigate whether environmental similarity among individuals can be partly explained by genetic variation for habitat selection, and how this link potentially blurs estimates for heritability in fitness-related traits. Using intensive GPS monitoring, we quantified home-range habitat composition for 293 roe deer inhabiting a heterogeneous landscape to assess environmental similarity. To investigate if environmental similarity might harbour genetic variation, we combined genome-wide data in a quantitative genetic framework to evaluate genetic variation for home-range habitat composition, which is partly the result of habitat selection at settlement. Finally, we explored how environmental similarity affects heritability estimates for behaviours related to the risk avoidance-resource acquisition trade-off (i.e. being in open habitat and distance to roads) and proxies of individual performance (i.e. body mass and hind foot length). We found substantial heritability for home-range habitat composition, with estimates ranging from 0.40 (proportion of meadows) to 0.85 (proportion of refuge habitat). Accounting for similarity in habitat composition between relatives decreased the heritability estimates for both behavioural and morphological traits (reduction ranging from 55% to 100% and from 22% to 41% respectively). As a consequence, only half of these heritability estimates remained significantly different from zero. Our results show that similar genotypes occupy similar environments, which could lead to heritable variation being incorrectly attributed to environmental effects. To accurately distinguish the sources of phenotypic variation and predict the ability of organisms to respond to global change, it is necessary to develop quantitative genetic studies investigating the mechanisms underpinning environmental similarity among relatives., (© 2022 British Ecological Society.) more...
- Published
- 2022
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36. On this side of the fence: Functional responses to linear landscape features shape the home range of large herbivores.
- Author
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Seigle-Ferrand J, Marchand P, Morellet N, Gaillard JM, Hewison AJM, Saïd S, Chaval Y, Santacreu H, Loison A, Yannic G, and Garel M
- Subjects
- Animals, Ecosystem, Female, Forests, Male, Movement, Herbivory, Homing Behavior
- Abstract
Understanding the consequences of global change for animal movement is a major issue for conservation and management. In particular, habitat fragmentation generates increased densities of linear landscape features that can impede movements. While the influence of these features on animal movements has been intensively investigated, they may also play a key role at broader spatial scales (e.g. the home range scale) as resources, cover from predators/humans, corridors/barriers or landmarks. How space use respond to varying densities of linear features has been mostly overlooked in large herbivores, in contrast to studies done on predators. Focusing on large herbivores should provide additional insights to understand how animals solve the trade-off between energy acquisition and mortality risk. Here, we investigated the role of anthropogenic (roads and tracks) and natural (ridges, valley bottoms and forest edges) linear features on home range features in five large herbivores. We analysed an extensive GPS monitoring database of 710 individuals across nine populations, ranging from mountain areas mostly divided by natural features to lowlands that were highly fragmented by anthropogenic features. Nearly all of the linear features studied were found at the home range periphery, suggesting that large herbivores primarily use them as landmarks to delimit their home range. In contrast, for mountain species, ridges often occurred in the core range, probably related to their functional role in terms of resources and refuge. When the density of linear features was high, they no longer occurred predominantly at the home range periphery, but instead were found across much of the home range. We suggest that, in highly fragmented landscapes, large herbivores are constrained by the costs of memorising the spatial location of key features, and by the requirement for a minimum area to satisfy their vital needs. These patterns were mostly consistent in both males and females and across species, suggesting that linear features have a preponderant influence on how large herbivores perceive and use the landscape., (© 2021 British Ecological Society.) more...
- Published
- 2022
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37. Pathogen-mediated selection favours the maintenance of innate immunity gene polymorphism in a widespread wild ungulate.
- Author
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Quéméré E, Hessenauer P, Galan M, Fernandez M, Merlet J, Chaval Y, Morellet N, Verheyden H, Gilot-Fromont E, and Charbonnel N
- Subjects
- Animals, Immunity, Innate genetics, Polymorphism, Genetic, Toll-Like Receptors genetics, Deer genetics, Selection, Genetic
- Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLR) play a central role in recognition and host frontline defence against a wide range of pathogens. A number of recent studies have shown that TLR genes (Tlrs) often exhibit large polymorphism in natural populations. Yet, there is little knowledge on how this polymorphism is maintained and how it influences disease susceptibility in the wild. In previous work, we showed that some Tlrs exhibit similarly high levels of genetic diversity as genes of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), and signatures of contemporary balancing selection in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), the most abundant cervid species in Europe. Here, we investigated the evolutionary mechanisms by which pathogen-mediated selection could shape this innate immunity genetic diversity by examining the relationships between Tlr (Tlr2, Tlr4 and Tlr5) genotypes (heterozygosity status and presence of specific alleles) and infections with Toxoplasma and Chlamydia, two widespread intracellular pathogens known to cause reproductive failure in ungulates. We showed that Toxoplasma and Chlamydia exposures vary significantly across years and landscape features with few co-infection events detected and that the two pathogens exert antagonistic selection on Tlr2 polymorphism. By contrast, we found limited support for Tlr heterozygote advantage. Our study confirmed the importance of looking beyond Mhc genes in wildlife immunogenetic studies. It also emphasized the necessity to consider multiple pathogen challenges and their spatiotemporal variation to improve our understanding of vertebrate defence evolution against pathogens., (© 2021 European Society for Evolutionary Biology.) more...
- Published
- 2021
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38. Under cover of the night: context-dependency of anthropogenic disturbance on stress levels of wild roe deer Capreolus capreolus .
- Author
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Carbillet J, Rey B, Palme R, Morellet N, Bonnot N, Chaval Y, Cargnelutti B, Hewison AJM, Gilot-Fromont E, and Verheyden H
- Abstract
Wildlife populations are increasingly exposed to human-induced modifications of their habitats. To cope with anthropogenic stressors, animals can adjust their behaviour-for example, by shifting their activity to more sheltered habitats, or becoming more nocturnal. However, whether use of spatial and temporal adjustments in behaviour may regulate the endocrine response is poorly documented. Here, we analyzed faecal cortisol metabolites (FCMs) of wild roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus ) living in a human-dominated agro-ecosystem. Using Global Positioning System monitoring of 116 individuals, we assessed their spatial behaviour and tested whether proximity to anthropogenic structures (linear distance to built-up areas) and the use of refuge habitats (woodland and hedges) influenced FCM levels. In accordance with our predictions, individuals ranging closer to anthropogenic structures during daytime had higher FCM levels, but this relationship was buffered as use of refuge habitat increased. In addition, this link between proximity to anthropogenic structures and FCM levels disappeared when we analyzed spatial behaviour at night. Finally, FCM levels were higher when the ambient temperature was lower, and during years of low resource availability. Our results demonstrate that the stress levels of large mammals may be strongly influenced by their proximity to anthropogenic activities, but that these effects may be buffered by behavioural adjustments in terms of space use and circadian rhythm. Whereas most studies have focused on the influence of environmental heterogeneity, our analysis highlights the need to also consider the fine-scale spatial response of individuals when studying the hormonal response of wild animals to human disturbance. We emphasize the potential to mitigate this hormonal stress response, and its potential negative consequences on population dynamics, through the preservation or restoration of patches of refuge habitat in close proximity to human infrastructure., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press and the Society for Experimental Biology.) more...
- Published
- 2020
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39. Pedigree-free quantitative genetic approach provides evidence for heritability of movement tactics in wild roe deer.
- Author
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Gervais L, Hewison AJM, Morellet N, Bernard M, Merlet J, Cargnelutti B, Chaval Y, Pujol B, and Quéméré E
- Subjects
- Animals, Female, Male, Behavior, Animal, Deer genetics, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Spatial Behavior
- Abstract
Assessing the evolutionary potential of animal populations in the wild is crucial to understanding how they may respond to selection mediated by rapid environmental change (e.g. habitat loss and fragmentation). A growing number of studies have investigated the adaptive role of behaviour, but assessments of its genetic basis in a natural setting remain scarce. We combined intensive biologging technology with genome-wide data and a pedigree-free quantitative genetic approach to quantify repeatability, heritability and evolvability for a suite of behaviours related to the risk avoidance-resource acquisition trade-off in a wild roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) population inhabiting a heterogeneous, human-dominated landscape. These traits, linked to the stress response, movement and space-use behaviour, were all moderately to highly repeatable. Furthermore, the repeatable among-individual component of variation in these traits was partly due to additive genetic variance, with heritability estimates ranging from 0.21 ± 0.08 to 0.70 ± 0.11 and evolvability ranging from 1.1% to 4.3%. Changes in the trait mean can therefore occur under hypothetical directional selection over just a few generations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first empirical demonstration of additive genetic variation in space-use behaviour in a free-ranging population based on genomic relatedness data. We conclude that wild animal populations may have the potential to adjust their spatial behaviour to human-driven environmental modifications through microevolutionary change., (© 2020 European Society For Evolutionary Biology. Journal of Evolutionary Biology © 2020 European Society For Evolutionary Biology.) more...
- Published
- 2020
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40. Accelerating across the landscape: The energetic costs of natal dispersal in a large herbivore.
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Benoit L, Hewison AJM, Coulon A, Debeffe L, Grémillet D, Ducros D, Cargnelutti B, Chaval Y, and Morellet N
- Subjects
- Animals, France, Deer, Herbivory
- Abstract
Dispersal is a key mechanism enabling species to adjust their geographic range to rapid global change. However, dispersal is costly and environmental modifications are likely to modify the cost-benefit balance of individual dispersal decisions, for example, by decreasing functional connectivity. Dispersal costs occur during departure, transience and settlement, and are levied in terms of energy, risk, time and lost opportunity, potentially influencing individual fitness. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has yet quantified the energetic costs of dispersal across the dispersal period by comparing dispersing and philopatric individuals in the wild. Here, we employed animal-borne biologgers on a relatively large sample (N = 105) of juvenile roe deer to estimate energy expenditure indexed using the vector of dynamic body acceleration and mobility (distance travelled) in an intensively monitored population in the south-west of France. We predicted that energy expenditure would be higher in dispersers compared to philopatric individuals. We expected costs to be (a) particularly high during transience, (b) especially high in the more fragmented areas of the landscape and (c) concentrated during the night to avoid disturbance caused by human activity. There were no differences in energy expenditure between dispersers and philopatric individuals during the pre-dispersal phase. However, dispersers expended around 22% more energy and travelled around 63% further per day than philopatric individuals during transience. Differences in energy expenditure were much less pronounced during the settlement phase. The costs of transience were almost uniquely confined to the dawn period, when dispersers spent 23% more energy and travelled 112% further than philopatric individuals. Finally, the energetic costs of transience per unit time and the total distance travelled to locate a suitable settlement range were higher in areas of high road density. Our results provide strong support for the hypothesis that natal dispersal is energetically costly and indicate that transience is the most costly part of the process, particularly in fragmented landscapes. Further work is required to link dispersal costs with fitness components so as to understand the likely outcome of further environmental modifications on the evolution of dispersal behaviour., (© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Animal Ecology © 2019 British Ecological Society.) more...
- Published
- 2020
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41. Changing landscapes of Southeast Asia and rodent-borne diseases: decreased diversity but increased transmission risks.
- Author
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Morand S, Blasdell K, Bordes F, Buchy P, Carcy B, Chaisiri K, Chaval Y, Claude J, Cosson JF, Desquesnes M, Jittapalapong S, Jiyipong T, Karnchanabanthoen A, Pornpan P, Rolain JM, and Tran A
- Subjects
- Animals, Asia, Southeastern, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Humans, Rodentia, Rodent Diseases
- Abstract
The reduction in biodiversity from land use change due to urbanization and agricultural intensification appears to be linked to major epidemiological changes in many human diseases. Increasing disease risks and the emergence of novel pathogens result from increased contact among wildlife, domesticated animals, and humans. We investigated the relationship between human alteration of the environment and the occurrence of generalist and synanthropic rodent species in relation to the diversity and prevalence of rodent-borne pathogens in Southeast Asia, a hotspot of threatened and endangered species, and a foci of emerging infectious diseases. We used data from an extensive pathogen survey of rodents from seven sites in mainland Southeast Asia in conjunction with past and present land cover analyses. At low spatial resolutions, we found that rodent-borne pathogen richness is negatively associated with increasing urbanization, characterized by increased habitat fragmentation, agriculture cover and deforestation. However, at a finer spatial resolution, we found that some major pathogens are favored by environmental characteristics associated with human alteration including irrigation, habitat fragmentation, and increased agricultural land cover. In addition, synanthropic rodents, many of which are important pathogen reservoirs, were associated with fragmented and human-dominated landscapes, which may ultimately enhance the opportunities for zoonotic transmission and human infection by some pathogens., (© 2019 by the Ecological Society of America.) more...
- Published
- 2019
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42. Habitat fragmentation alters the properties of a host-parasite network: rodents and their helminths in South-East Asia.
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Bordes F, Morand S, Pilosof S, Claude J, Krasnov BR, Cosson JF, Chaval Y, Ribas A, Chaisiri K, Blasdell K, Herbreteau V, Dupuy S, and Tran A
- Subjects
- Animals, Cambodia epidemiology, Ecosystem, Geographic Information Systems, Helminthiasis, Animal parasitology, Laos epidemiology, Prevalence, Rodent Diseases parasitology, Spacecraft, Thailand epidemiology, Biodiversity, Helminthiasis, Animal epidemiology, Helminths physiology, Host-Parasite Interactions, Muridae, Rodent Diseases epidemiology
- Abstract
1. While the effects of deforestation and habitat fragmentation on parasite prevalence or richness are well investigated, host-parasite networks are still understudied despite their importance in understanding the mechanisms of these major disturbances. Because fragmentation may negatively impact species occupancy, abundance and co-occurrence, we predict a link between spatiotemporal changes in habitat and the architecture of host-parasite networks. 2. For this, we used an extensive data set on 16 rodent species and 29 helminth species from seven localities of South-East Asia. We analysed the effects of rapid deforestation on connectance and modularity of helminth-parasite networks. We estimated both the degree of fragmentation and the rate of deforestation through the development of land uses and their changes through the last 20 to 30 years in order to take into account the dynamics of habitat fragmentation in our statistical analyses. 3. We found that rapid fragmentation does not affect helminth species richness per se but impacts host-parasite interactions as the rodent-helminth network becomes less connected and more modular. 4. Our results suggest that parasite sharing among host species may become more difficult to maintain with the increase of habitat disturbance., (© 2015 The Authors. Journal of Animal Ecology © 2015 British Ecological Society.) more...
- Published
- 2015
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43. Rodents and risk in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam: seroprevalence of selected zoonotic viruses in rodents and humans.
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Van Cuong N, Carrique-Mas J, Vo Be H, An NN, Tue NT, Anh NL, Anh PH, Phuc NT, Baker S, Voutilainen L, Jääskeläinen A, Huhtamo E, Utriainen M, Sironen T, Vaheri A, Henttonen H, Vapalahti O, Chaval Y, Morand S, and Bryant JE more...
- Subjects
- Animals, Arenavirus immunology, Arenavirus isolation & purification, Cowpox virus immunology, Cowpox virus isolation & purification, Flavivirus immunology, Flavivirus isolation & purification, Orthohantavirus immunology, Orthohantavirus isolation & purification, Humans, Parechovirus immunology, Parechovirus isolation & purification, Rodentia immunology, Vietnam epidemiology, Zoonoses, Disease Vectors, Meat virology, Rodentia virology, Seroepidemiologic Studies
- Abstract
In the Mekong Delta in southern Vietnam, rats are commonly traded in wet markets and sold live for food consumption. We investigated seroprevalence to selected groups of rodent-borne viruses among human populations with high levels of animal exposure and among co-located rodent populations. The indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) was used to determine seropositivity to representative reference strains of hantaviruses (Dobrava virus [DOBV], Seoul virus [SEOV]), cowpox virus, arenaviruses (lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus [LCMV]), flaviviruses (tick-borne encephalitis virus [TBEV]), and rodent parechoviruses (Ljungan virus), using sera from 245 humans living in Dong Thap Province and 275 rodents representing the five common rodent species sold in wet markets and present in peridomestic and farm settings. Combined seropositivity to DOBV and SEOV among the rodents and humans was 6.9% (19/275) and 3.7% (9/245), respectively; 1.1% (3/275) and 4.5% (11/245) to cowpox virus; 5.4% (15/275) and 47.3% (116/245) for TBEV; and exposure to Ljungan virus was 18.8% (46/245) in humans, but 0% in rodents. Very little seroreactivity was observed to LCMV in either rodents (1/275, 0.4%) or humans (2/245, 0.8%). Molecular screening of rodent liver tissues using consensus primers for flaviviruses did not yield any amplicons, whereas molecular screening of rodent lung tissues for hantavirus yielded one hantavirus sequence (SEOV). In summary, these results indicate low to moderate levels of endemic hantavirus circulation, possible circulation of a flavivirus in rodent reservoirs, and the first available data on human exposures to parechoviruses in Vietnam. Although the current evidence suggests only limited exposure of humans to known rodent-borne diseases, further research is warranted to assess public health implications of the rodent trade. more...
- Published
- 2015
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44. Bartonella species and trombiculid mites of rats from the Mekong Delta of Vietnam.
- Author
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Loan HK, Cuong NV, Takhampunya R, Klangthong K, Osikowicz L, Kiet BT, Campbell J, Bryant J, Promstaporn S, Kosoy M, Hoang NV, Morand S, Chaval Y, Hien VB, and Carrique-Mas J
- Subjects
- Animals, Bartonella Infections transmission, Bartonella Infections veterinary, Disease Reservoirs microbiology, Disease Vectors, Human Activities, Humans, Meat microbiology, Rats, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Rodent Diseases transmission, Vietnam, Zoonoses microbiology, Bartonella physiology, Rodent Diseases microbiology, Trombiculidae microbiology
- Abstract
A survey of Bartonella spp. from 275 rats purchased in food markets (n=150) and trapped in different ecosystems (rice field, forest, and animal farms) (n=125) was carried out during October, 2012-March, 2013, in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. The overall Bartonella spp. prevalence detected by culture and PCR in blood was 14.9% (10.7-19.1%), the highest corresponding to Rattus tanezumi (49.2%), followed by Rattus norvegicus (20.7%). Trapped rats were also investigated for the presence and type of chiggers (larvae of trombiculid mites), and Bartonella spp. were investigated on chigger pools collected from each rat by RT-PCR. A total of five Bartonella spp. were identified in rats, three of which (B. elizabethae, B. rattimassiliensis, and B. tribocorum) are known zoonotic pathogens. Among trapped rats, factors independently associated with increased prevalence of Bartonella spp. included: (1) Rat species (R. tanezumi); (2) the number of Trombiculini-Blankaartia and Schoengastiini-Ascoschoengastia mites found on rats; and (3) the habitat of the rat (i.e., forest/fields vs. animal farms). The prevalence of Bartonella infection among chiggers from Bartonella spp.-positive R. tanezumi rats was 5/25 (25%), compared with 1/27 (3.7%) among Bartonella spp.-negative R. tanezumi rats (relative risk [RR]=5.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68-43.09). The finding of Bartonella spp.-positive chiggers on Bartonella spp.-negative rats is strongly suggestive of a transovarial transmission cycle. Rats are ubiquitous in areas of human activity and farms in the Mekong Delta; in addition, trapping and trading of rats for food is common. To correctly assess the human risks due to rat trapping, marketing, and carcass dressing, further studies are needed to establish the routes of transmission and cycle of infection. The widespread presence of these zoonotic pathogens in rats and the abundance of human-rat interactions suggest that surveillance efforts should be enhanced to detect any human cases of Bartonella infection that may arise. more...
- Published
- 2015
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45. Short-term variations in gene flow related to cyclic density fluctuations in the common vole.
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Gauffre B, Berthier K, Inchausti P, Chaval Y, Bretagnolle V, and Cosson JF
- Subjects
- Animal Distribution, Animals, Female, France, Genotype, Male, Microsatellite Repeats, Population Density, Population Dynamics, Arvicolinae genetics, Gene Flow, Genetic Variation, Genetics, Population
- Abstract
In highly fluctuating populations with complex social systems, genetic patterns are likely to vary in space and time due to demographic and behavioural processes. Cyclic rodents are extreme examples of demographically instable populations that often exhibit strong social organization. In such populations, kin structure and spacing behaviour may vary with density fluctuations and impact both the composition and spatial structure of genetic diversity. In this study, we analysed the multiannual genetic structure of a cyclic rodent, Microtus arvalis, using a sample of 875 individuals trapped over three complete cycles (from 1999 to 2007) and genotyped at 10 microsatellite loci. We tested the predictions that genetic diversity and gene flow intensity vary with density fluctuations. We found evidences for both spatial scale-dependant variations in genetic diversity and higher gene flow during high density. Moreover, investigation of sex-specific relatedness patterns revealed that, although dispersal is biased toward males in this species, distances moved by both sexes were lengthened during high density. Altogether, these results suggest that an increase in migration with density allows to restore the local loss of genetic diversity occurring during low density. We then postulate that this change in migration results from local competition, which enhances female colonization of empty spaces and male dispersal among colonies., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.) more...
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- 2014
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46. Epidemiology of leptospira transmitted by rodents in southeast Asia.
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Cosson JF, Picardeau M, Mielcarek M, Tatard C, Chaval Y, Suputtamongkol Y, Buchy P, Jittapalapong S, Herbreteau V, and Morand S
- Subjects
- Animals, Cambodia epidemiology, DNA, Bacterial genetics, DNA, Bacterial isolation & purification, Female, Genotype, Humans, Laos epidemiology, Leptospira classification, Leptospira genetics, Leptospirosis microbiology, Male, Minisatellite Repeats, Molecular Epidemiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Molecular Typing, Prevalence, Rodent Diseases microbiology, Rodentia, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Thailand epidemiology, Zoonoses microbiology, Disease Reservoirs, Leptospira isolation & purification, Leptospirosis epidemiology, Leptospirosis veterinary, Rodent Diseases epidemiology, Zoonoses epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Leptospirosis is the most common bacterial zoonoses and has been identified as an important emerging global public health problem in Southeast Asia. Rodents are important reservoirs for human leptospirosis, but epidemiological data is lacking., Methodology/principal Findings: We sampled rodents living in different habitats from seven localities distributed across Southeast Asia (Thailand, Lao PDR and Cambodia), between 2009 to 2010. Human isolates were also obtained from localities close to where rodents were sampled. The prevalence of Leptospira infection was assessed by real-time PCR using DNA extracted from rodent kidneys, targeting the lipL32 gene. Sequencing rrs and secY genes, and Multi Locus Variable-number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) analyses were performed on DNA extracted from rat kidneys for Leptospira isolates molecular typing. Four species were detected in rodents, L. borgpetersenii (56% of positive samples), L. interrogans (36%), L. kirschneri (3%) and L. weilli (2%), which were identical to human isolates. Mean prevalence in rodents was approximately 7%, and largely varied across localities and habitats, but not between rodent species. The two most abundant Leptospira species displayed different habitat requirements: L. interrogans was linked to humid habitats (rice fields and forests) while L. borgpetersenii was abundant in both humid and dry habitats (non-floodable lands)., Conclusion/significance: L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii species are widely distributed amongst rodent populations, and strain typing confirmed rodents as reservoirs for human leptospirosis. Differences in habitat requirements for L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii supported differential transmission modes. In Southeast Asia, human infection risk is not only restricted to activities taking place in wetlands and rice fields as is commonly accepted, but should also include tasks such as forestry work, as well as the hunting and preparation of rodents for consumption, which deserve more attention in future epidemiological studies. more...
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- 2014
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47. Species or local environment, what determines the infection of rodents by Toxoplasma gondii?
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Gotteland C, Chaval Y, Villena I, Galan M, Geers R, Aubert D, Poulle ML, Charbonnel N, and Gilot-Fromont E
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Protozoan blood, Demography, Ecology, Female, France epidemiology, Humans, Male, Models, Statistical, Multivariate Analysis, Rats, Risk, Rodent Diseases parasitology, Rodentia, Rural Population, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Toxoplasma genetics, Toxoplasma immunology, Toxoplasmosis, Animal parasitology, Zoonoses, Rodent Diseases epidemiology, Toxoplasma isolation & purification, Toxoplasmosis, Animal epidemiology
- Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is largely present in rural areas but its spatial distribution in this environment remains poorly known. In particular, it is unclear if areas of high density of cats, the only hosts excreting Toxoplasma gondii, constitute foci of high prevalence. To improve our understanding of the spatial distribution of T. gondii in rural areas, we performed a serological survey in rodents from two villages in France. We trapped 710 rodents including commensal rats and meadow or forest voles and mice. The presence of T. gondii was examined using PCR, mice inoculation and modified agglutination test for antibodies (MAT). We conducted multivariate and discriminant analyses to identify biological, ecological or spatial variables that could explain T. gondii serology in rodents. We then used a logistic regression to assess the relative influence of each explanatory variable. Overall seroprevalence was 4.1%. Commensal-rats were more infected (12.5%) than non-commensal species (3.7%). However, the major determinant of the risk of infection was the distance to the nearest farm (OR = 0.75 for 100 m), which explained the risk in all species or non-commensal species only. We contrast the role of species characteristics and that of the local environment, and discuss the risk of environmental contamination for humans. more...
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- 2014
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48. Is Leopoldamys neilli (Rodentia, Muridae) a synonym of Leopoldamys herberti? A reply to Balakirev et al. (2013).
- Author
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Latinne A, Chaval Y, Waengsothorn S, Rojanadilok P, Eiamampai K, Sribuarod K, Herbreteau V, Morand S, and Michaux JR
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- Animals, Asia, Southeastern, Cytochromes b genetics, Demography, Electron Transport Complex IV genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Molecular Sequence Data, Muridae genetics, Muridae physiology, Phylogeny, Species Specificity, Muridae anatomy & histology, Muridae classification
- Abstract
Recently, Balakirev et al. (2013) presented a taxonomic revision of the genus Leopoldamys based on phylogenetic analyses. They identified five main Leopoldamys genetic lineages and suggested to rename several of them. According to these authors, the genetic lineage previously thought to belong to L. edwardsi (lineage L1) should be assigned to L. revertens while L. neilli (lineage L2) should be considered as a junior synonym of L. herberti. Using molecular and morphological data from a large sampling of Leopoldamys specimens, the aim of the present study was to investigate the taxonomic status of L. herberti and L. neilli. This study reveals that, contrary to Balakirev et al.'s statement, both genetic lineages L1 and L2 occur in Nakhon Ratchasima Province, close to the type locality of L. herberti. We also show that the external measurements and color pattern of L. herberti are highly similar to those of L1 specimens but are not consistent with the morphology of L2 specimens. Therefore these results strongly suggest that L. herberti should be assigned to the genetic lineage L1. Consequently L. neilli should not be considered as a junior synonym of L. herberti and this study confirms that the appropriate name of the genetic lineage L2 is L. neilli. Moreover, as our results show that L. herberti should be assigned to the lineage L1, this name has nomenclatural priority over L. revertens, the species name suggested by Balakirev et al. (2013) for this lineage. more...
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- 2013
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49. Cytonuclear discordance among Southeast Asian black rats (Rattus rattus complex).
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Pagès M, Bazin E, Galan M, Chaval Y, Claude J, Herbreteau V, Michaux J, Piry S, Morand S, and Cosson JF
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- Animals, Asia, Southeastern, Cell Nucleus genetics, DNA, Mitochondrial genetics, Genetic Speciation, Genetic Variation, Microsatellite Repeats, Models, Genetic, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Evolution, Molecular, Phylogeny, Rats genetics, Reproductive Isolation
- Abstract
Black rats are major invasive vertebrate pests with severe ecological, economic and health impacts. Remarkably, their evolutionary history has received little attention, and there is no firm agreement on how many species should be recognized within the black rat complex. This species complex is native to India and Southeast Asia. According to current taxonomic classification, there are three taxa living in sympatry in several parts of Thailand, Cambodia and Lao People's Democratic Republic, where this study was conducted: two accepted species (Rattus tanezumi, Rattus sakeratensis) and an additional mitochondrial lineage of unclear taxonomic status referred to here as 'Rattus R3'. We used extensive sampling, morphological data and diverse genetic markers differing in rates of evolution and parental inheritance (two mitochondrial DNA genes, one nuclear gene and eight microsatellite loci) to assess the reproductive isolation of these three taxa. Two close Asian relatives, Rattus argentiventer and Rattus exulans, were also included in the genetic analyses. Genetic analyses revealed discordance between the mitochondrial and nuclear data. Mitochondrial phylogeny studies identified three reciprocally monophyletic clades in the black rat complex. However, studies of the phylogeny of the nuclear exon interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein gene and clustering and assignation analyses with eight microsatellites failed to separate R. tanezumi and R3. Morphometric analyses were consistent with nuclear data. The incongruence between mitochondrial and nuclear (and morphological) data rendered R. tanezumi/R3 paraphyletic for mitochondrial lineages with respect to R. sakeratensis. Various evolutionary processes, such as shared ancestral polymorphism and incomplete lineage sorting or hybridization with massive mitochondrial introgression between species, may account for this unusual genetic pattern in mammals., (© 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.) more...
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- 2013
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50. The diversity of microparasites of rodents: a comparative analysis that helps in identifying rodent-borne rich habitats in Southeast Asia.
- Author
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Bordes F, Herbreteau V, Dupuy S, Chaval Y, Tran A, and Morand S
- Abstract
Background: Predicting habitats prone to favor disease transmission is challenging due to confounding information on habitats, reservoirs, and diseases. Comparative analysis, which aims at investigating ecological and evolutionary patterns among species, is a tool that may help. The emergence of zoonotic pathogens is a major health concern and is closely linked to habitat modifications by human activities. Risk assessment requires a better knowledge of the interactions between hosts, parasites, and the landscape., Methods: We used information from a field spatial study that investigated the distribution of murid rodents, in various habitats of three countries in Southeast Asia, in combination with their status of infection by 10 taxa of microparasites obtained from the literature. Microparasite species richness was calculated by rodent species on 20,272 rodents of 13 species. Regression tree models and generalized linear models were used to explain microparasite diversity by the average distance between the trapping site and five categories of land cover: forest, steep agriculture land, flat agriculture land, water, and built-up surfaces. Another variable taken into account was the slope., Results: We found that microparasite diversity was positively associated with flat agriculture land, in this context mainly rice fields, and negatively associated with slope. Microparasite diversity decreased sharply a 100 m or less from flat agriculture land., Conclusion: We conclude that there is high microparasite circulation in rodents of flooded farmlands, meaning possibly a higher risk of disease for human inhabitants. more...
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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