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Water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) double emulsions have shown excellent capability in augmenting the enteral bioavailability of BCS class III drugs, besides being effective controlled-release formulations. However, the problem of thermodynamic instability has restrained their industrial applicability. The self-double emulsifying drug delivery system (SDEDDS) is one of several approaches used to improve the stability of double emulsions. SDEDDS is a mixture of primary emulsion and secondary surfactant that can spontaneously emulsify into double emulsions in an external aqueous environment with mild agitation. Here, we prepared SDEDDS of gentamicin sulfate by response surface methodology. Selected optimized formulations (ODS1 and ODS2) were evaluated for zeta potential (Y1), optical clarity (Y2), release at 420 min (Y3), emulsion stability index (Y4) and self-emulsification time (Y5). For ODS1, Y1=-35.45 (±1.06)mV, Y2=53.19 (±0.35)%, Y3=75.79 (±0.60)%, Y4=93.97(±0.15)% and Y5=0.631 (±0.014)min, whereas for ODS2, Y1=-35.70 (±0.56)mV, Y2=48.09 (±0.64)%, Y3=76.61 (±0.99)%, Y4=93.00(±0.94)% and Y5=0.687(±0.02)min. Furthermore, ex-vivo studies on intestinal permeability revealed that SDEDDS improved membrane permeability compared to drug solution. Histopathology investigations revealed that SDEDDS promoted permeation without causing significant local membrane distortion. In addition, in-vivo studies revealed a 2.84 -fold increase in AUC 0-∞ of optimized SDEDD compared to pure drug oral solution., (Copyright © 2023 American Pharmacists Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

In present study the methanol extract of Cyperus tegetum rhizome (MECT) was evaluated for its effect on paracetamol-induced liver damage in Wistar rats. Serum biochemical parameters viz. serum glutamine oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamine pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total serum protein, total bilirubin content and liver biochemical parameters such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reduced glutathione content were estimated. Biochemical and histopathological observations indicated that MECT had remarkable hepatoprotective effect against paracetamol-induced liver damage in rats.