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Objective To identify literature on health literacy levels and examine its association with tuberculosis treatment adherence and treatment outcomes. Methods Two authors independently searched Pubmed[R], Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, LILACS, Global Health Medicus and ScienceDirect for articles reporting on health literacy levels and tuberculosis that were published between January 2000 and September 2023. We defined limited health literacy as a person's inability to understand, process, and make decisions from information obtained concerning their own health. Methodological quality and the risk of bias was assessed using the JBI critical appraisal tools. We used a random effects model to assess the pooled proportion of limited health literacy, the association between health literacy and treatment adherence, and the relationship between health literacy and tuberculosis-related knowledge. Findings Among 5813 records reviewed, 22 studies met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed that 51.2% (95% confidence interval, CI: 48.0-54.3) of tuberculosis patients exhibit limited health literacy. Based on four studies, patients with lower health literacy levels were less likely to adhere to tuberculosis treatment regimens (pooled odds ratio: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.37-2.78). Three studies showed a significant relationship between low health literacy and inadequate knowledge about tuberculosis (pooled correlation coefficient: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.32-0.94). Conclusion Health literacy is associated with tuberculosis treatment adherence and care quality. Lower health literacy might hamper patients' ability to follow treatment protocols. Improving health literacy is crucial for enhancing treatment outcomes and is a key strategy in the fight against tuberculosis. Objectif Identifier la litterature consacree aux niveaux d'education a la sante et etudier ses liens avec l'adhesion au traitement de la tuberculose ainsi qu'avec l'issue de ce traitement. Methodes Deux auteurs ont explore Pubmed[R], Embase, CINAHL, PsyclNFO, Scopus, LILACS, Global Health Medicus et ScienceDirect, independamment l'un de l'autre, a la recherche d'articles portant sur les niveaux d'education a la sante et la tuberculose, publies entre janvier 2000 et septembre 2023. Nous avons defini qu'un faible niveau d'education a la sante signifiait qu'une personne etait incapable de comprendre, d'assimiler et de prendre des decisions sur la base des informations qui lui etaient communiquees concernant sa sante. Nous avons utilise les outils devaluation critique du JBI pour determiner la qualite methodologique et le risque de biais. Enfin, nous avons applique un modele a effets aleatoires pour calculer la proportion groupee correspondant a un faible niveau d'education a la sante, le rapport entre l'education a la sante et l'adhesion au traitement, et celui entre l'education a la sante et les connaissances liees a la tuberculose. Resultats Sur 5813 documents examines, 22 correspondaient aux criteres d'inclusion. La meta-analyse a revele que 51,2% (intervalle de confiance de 95%, IC: 48,0-54,3) des patients tuberculeux affichaient un faible niveau d'education a la sante. D'apres quatre etudes, les patients avec un niveau d'education a la sante moins eleve avaient moins tendance a suivre les traitements contre la tuberculose (odds ratio groupe: 1,95; IC de 95%: 1,37-2,78). Trois etudes ont montre un lien significatif entre un faible niveau d'education a la sante et des connaissances insuffisantes sur la tuberculose (coefficient de correlation groupe: 0,79; IC de 95%: 0,32-0,94). Conclusion L'education a la sante a un impact sur l'adhesion au traitement contre la tuberculose et la qualite des soins. Un niveau d'education moindre peut entraver la capacite des patients a suivre les protocoles therapeutiques. Promouvoir l'education a la sante est essentiel pour ameliorer les resultats du traitement et constitue un element cle de la strategie de lutte contre la tuberculose. Objetivo Identificar la bibliografia sobre los niveles de alfabetizacion sanitaria y examinar su asociacion con el cumplimiento terapeutico de la tuberculosis y los resultados del tratamiento. Metodos Dos autores buscaron de manera independiente en Pubmed[R], Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, LILACS, Global Health Medicus y ScienceDirect articulos que informaran sobre los niveles de alfabetizacion sanitaria y de tuberculosis publicados entre enero de 2000 y septiembre de 2023. Se definio la alfabetizacion sanitaria limitada como la incapacidad de una persona para comprender, procesar y tomar decisiones a partir de la informacion obtenida en relacion con su propia salud. La calidad metodologica y el riesgo de sesgo se evaluaron mediante las herramientas de evaluacion critica de JBI. Se utilizo un modelo de efectos aleatorios para evaluar el porcentaje agrupado de alfabetizacion sanitaria limitada, la asociacion entre la alfabetizacion sanitaria y el cumplimiento del tratamiento y la relacion entre la alfabetizacion sanitaria y los conocimientos relacionados con la tuberculosis. Resultados De los 5813 registros revisados, 22 estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusion. El metanalisis revelo que el 51,2% (intervalo de confianza del 95%, IC: 48,0-54,3) de los pacientes con tuberculosis presentan conocimientos sanitarios limitados. Segun cuatro estudios, los pacientes con niveles mas bajos de conocimientos sanitarios tenian menos probabilidades de cumplir los regimenes de tratamiento de la tuberculosis (razon de posibilidades acumulada: 1,95; IC del 95%: 1,37-2,78). Tres estudios mostraron una relacion significativa entre los bajos conocimientos sanitarios y los conocimientos insuficientes sobre la tuberculosis (coeficiente de correlacion agrupado: 0,79; IC del 95%: 0,32-0,94). Conclusion La alfabetizacion sanitaria esta asociada al cumplimiento del tratamiento de la tuberculosis y a la calidad de la atencion. Una alfabetizacion sanitaria baja podria dificultar la capacidad de los pacientes para seguir los protocolos de tratamiento. Mejorar la alfabetizacion sanitaria es crucial para mejorar los resultados del tratamiento y constituye una estrategia clave en la lucha contra la tuberculosis. [phrase omitted], Introduction Health literacy is the ability to apply various skills--like reading, counting and problem-solving--to obtain, understand and use health-related information. Such knowledge and skills support informed decision-making, facilitate greater health-care [...]

To develop a green nanomaterial for specialty applications, spherical nanocellulose (SNC) was functionalized to a semicarbazone-Schiff base via a polymer analogous reaction. Firstly, SNC was synthesized from cellulose extracted from huge forest biomass, pine needles (PNs). The glucopyranose ring of SNC was oxidatively cleaved at C2-C3 to form SNC-dialdehyde (SNC-DA) by periodate oxidation. Both the aldehydic groups generated were reacted with semicarbazide to form a semicarbazone-Schiff base, referred to as functional spherical nanocellulose (FSNC). All the materials synthesized were characterized by FTIR, FESEM, EDS, TEM, and XRD studies. The FSNC was evaluated as an adsorbent for [Hg.sup.2+] ions. The adsorption adhered to pseudo-second order kinetics and Langmuir adsorption isotherm having a maximum adsorption capacity/Lungmuir adsorption capacity of 172.412 mg/g at 60 min. The selectivity of FSNC for [Hg.sup.2+] ions was confirmed from its appreciable removal (82%) from solution in tap water and 70% with other metal ions. FSNC exhibited bifunctional nature as it possesses antimicrobial activity against bacteria, that is, Gram (+) (Bacillus aereus) and Gram (--) (Escherichia coll and Salmonella typhi), and a fungus Byssochlamys fiilva. FSNC showed good recyclability up to eight sorption-desorption cycles. Thus, we have valorized biomass into an eco-friendly and low-cost bifunctional material as an adsorbent for [Hg.sup.2+] ions cum antimicrobial agent. Highlights * Spherical nanocellulose (SNC) prepared via acidic hydrolysis from pine needles * SNC functionalized to semicarbazone-based bifunctional Schiff base * The Schiff base is a rapid and efficient [Hg.sup.2+] ions adsorbent * The Schiff base has good antimicrobial activities against Gram (-) bacteria * Biowaste-based adsorbent has the potential to sustain the bio-circular economy KEYWORDS antimicrobial, pine needles, Schiff base, semicarbazone, spherical nanocellulose, 1 | INTRODUCTION The sustainability development goals have a deep link with the failing water quality and low availability of drinkable water across the world. (1) Among different pollutants, dyes [...]

Treatment of tuberculosis (TB) infection (TBI) to prevent active TB disease is a key component of the National Strategic Plan to end TB in India, without which the strategies to end TB would be futile. There is a need to rapidly scale up access to effective shorter regimens for tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) to a wider set of risk groups. This applies for identifying high-risk groups for TPT expansion. Thus, our aim with this review is to determine the TBI prevalence in different risk groups in India. We searched databases like Embase, Medline, Scopus, and CINAHL for studies published between 2012 and 2023 to estimate TBI in different risk groups in India. The PRISMA guidelines were followed when reviewing the publications, and a predetermined search strategy was used to find relevant sources across various databases. Using MetaXL (MS excel) software, we pooled data based on a random-effects model, along with heterogeneity testing using Cochrane's Q and I2 statistic. A total of 68 studies were included from 10,521 records. TBI pooled prevalence was estimated using the IGRA data, while in the absence of IGRA data, TST data were utilized. The key findings revealed a total of 36% pooled TBI prevalence for all risk factors, 59% among smokers, 53% among diabetics and alcoholics, 48% among malnourished, 47% among contacts of TB patients, 44% among HIV, 36% among pregnant women, 35% among COVID-19 patients, 31% among healthcare workers, 18% among sarcoidosis patients, and 15% among rheumatoid arthritis patients in India. Our review depicted a high TBI burden among groups such as diabetes mellitus, smokers, malnourished, and alcoholics. WHO has yet to recommend for systematic screening and treatment for TBI among these groups for want of evidence which this study provides, highlighting the need to reprioritize the risk groups for tailored TPT strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]