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In the past two decades, oxidative stress (OS) has drawn a lot of interest due to the revelation that individuals with many persistent disorders including diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), cardiovascular, and other disorders often have aberrant oxidation statuses. OS has a close interplay with PCOS features such as insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and chronic inflammation; there is a belief that OS might contribute to the development of PCOS. PCOS is currently recognized as not only one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders but also a significant contributor to female infertility, affecting a considerable proportion of women globally. Therefore, the understanding of the relationship between OS and PCOS is crucial to the development of therapeutic and preventive strategies for PCOS. Moreover, the mechanistic study of intracellular reactive oxygen species/ reactive nitrogen species formation and its possible interaction with women’s reproductive health is required, which includes complex enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. Apart from that, our current review includes possible regulation of the pathogenesis of OS. A change in lifestyle, including physical activity, various supplements that boost antioxidant levels, particularly vitamins, and the usage of medicinal herbs, is thought to be the best way to combat this occurrence of OS and improve the pathophysiologic conditions associated with PCOS.

The widespread presence of bisphenol-A (BPA) in consumer goods like water bottles and eyeglass frames raises serious concerns about the chemical's ability to accumulate in human tissues. Molecular filtration and activated carbon adsorption are two of the many BPA treatment technologies that have emerged in response to these issues; both are essential in the removal or degradation of BPA from water sources and industrial effluents. To secure the long-term health and environmental advantages of BPA treatment approaches, sustainable development is essential. Both the efficient elimination or destruction of BPA and the reduction of the treatment operations' impact on the environment are important components of a sustainable approach. Different search engines like Pub-Med, MEDLINE, Google Scholar and Scopus are used for these systematic reviews and analyzed accordingly. This can be accomplished by making treatment facilities more energy efficient and using environmentally friendly materials. Greener ways to deal with BPA pollution are on the horizon, thanks to innovative techniques like bioremediation and improved oxidation processes. Reducing dependence on conventional, resource-intensive procedures can be achieved by investigating the use of bio-based materials and natural adsorbents in treatment processes. This review article tackling the health and environmental concerns raised by BPA calls for an integrated strategy that incorporates sustainable development principles and technology progress. We can reduce the negative impacts of BPA contamination, improve environmental stewardship in the long run, and ensure human health by combining cutting-edge treatment technologies with sustainable behaviours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]