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Abstract The α-Proteobacteria belonging to Bradyrhizobium genus are microorganisms of extreme slow growth. Despite their extended use as inoculants in soybean production, their physiology remains poorly characterized. In this work, we produced quantitative data on four different isolates: B. diazoefficens USDA110, B. diazoefficiens USDA122, B. japonicum E109 and B. japonicum USDA6 which are representative of specific genomic profiles. Notably, we found conserved physiological traits conserved in all the studied isolates: (i) the lag and initial exponential growth phases display cell aggregation; (ii) the increase in specific nutrient concentration such as yeast extract and gluconate hinders growth; (iii) cell size does not correlate with culture age; and (iv) cell cycle presents polar growth. Meanwhile, fitness, cell size and in vitro growth widely vary across isolates correlating to ribosomal RNA operon number. In summary, this study provides novel empirical data that enriches the comprehension of the Bradyrhizobium (slow) growth dynamics and cell cycle.

AbstractThe animalisation of women is a recurrent strategy of dehumanisation in Manosphere discourses. Its normalisation as a social phenomenon and its popularity are rooted in short and sententious genres (proverbs, sayings, etc.), which have significantly contributed to reaffirming the status quo of domination largely assigned to men in myths and philosophical theories. This article analyses the use of misogynistic zoomorphism in Burbuja.info, a Spanish economic forum whose extreme neoliberal perspective provides a suitable breeding ground for sexism. The corpus was constructed by identifying the most frequent examples of zoomorphism detected in an initial search of the approximately six million comments posted in the forum between 1 January 2022 and 31 May 2023. The research combines different digital techniques for the construction and quantitative analysis of the corpus with a qualitative analysis of examples of misogynistic zoomorphism. The analysis reveals that, while hostile sexist comments do a systematic comparison of women with the most undesirable traits culturally associated with animals, the positive aspects are never transferred to figurative use. The research also highlights the role played by some rhetorical strategies in the discursive construction of misogyny, such as metaphorical use of humour.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: During earlier periods of the pandemic, Black and Latinx populations in Michigan have suffered higher rates of infection, hospitalization, and deaths when compared to Whites. We conducted this study to understand how Black and Latinx residents perceived this disproportionate burden. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In 2021, 40 semi-structured interviews were conducted virtually in English or Spanish with Black (n=24) and Latinx (n=16) residents in Michigan areas highly impacted by COVID-19: Genesee, Kent, Washtenaw, and Wayne counties. Using a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach, we partnered with leaders from 15 community-based organizations and health and human service agencies to develop research questions, an interview protocol, and to interpret the data. We used the data analysis software Dedoose (ver 4.12) for inductive coding (IRR=0.81). This study is a part of the NIH Community Engagement Alliance (CEAL) Against COVID-19 initiative. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Participants described the significant impact of the pandemic in terms of physical and mental health, job security, and the sheer number of deaths among loved ones. They attributed the impact to comorbidities and social determinants of health disparities exacerbated by the pandemic, including income, housing, access to healthcare, as well as systemic racism. They noted being overrepresented among frontline workers with higher exposure to COVID-19, limited or misinformation about the virus, language barriers, and difficulty with social distancing. Cultural norms that promote being in close proximity, such as intergenerational households, and loss of trusted community leaders were also noted. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Findings reflect the needs of Black and Latinx community members in Michigan and the discussions they feel are important to highlight. We must work strategically with partners and the community to provide transparency and effective leadership, and prioritize addressing systemic disparities in SDoH.

This paper explores parasocial phenomena on social media pages related to Spanish television fiction by analysing the development of parasociality through relationships established between users and characters and the characteristics of this type of online community. The sample consisted of 4,762 spontaneous comments posted on social media pages (1,598 on Facebook and 3,164 on Twitter) linked to television series. Comments published between 1 January 2018 and 31 May 2020 were compiled the day after the premiere of each fiction. Our findings confirm those of previous researchs on the similarity between parasocial relationships with fictional characters and relationships in real life. This study also substantiates that women’s comments show a greater tendency to draw associations between parasocial relationships and daily life. We also find a link between programme longevity and audience success on the one hand, and the intensity of parasocial relationships with the characters on the other. The relationships among community members reveal a degree of narcissism, prompting more self-disclosure than interaction with the rest of the users. Therefore, such relationships are closer to consociality (Kozinets, 2015) than parasociality, although significant differences concerning gender identity are also found in this context.

Este artículo analiza los comentarios sobre temáticas de interés público, realizados por las espectadoras de la ficción televisiva española, en los foros y redes sociales dedicadas a los programas. Se parte de un concepto amplio de Entertaiment Education (EE) para definir los contenidos educativos de la ficción, con el objetivo de determinar el eco de las temáticas analizadas por las usuarias. El estudio revela que el formato, el género televisivo y la ambientación del programa determinan las intervenciones de la audiencia social y demuestra que los discursos digitales de las fans abren nuevos espacios de debate público. No se aprecian, en cambio, reivindicaciones relativas al género, a pesar de los mensajes contradictorios de la ficción al respecto.

La sobrerrepresentación de la sexualidad en la televisión y el debate suscitado por las nuevas feminidades han convertido la investigación sobre sexualidad y ficción televisiva en un fructífero campo de estudio. El análisis de contenido muestra que la televisión ofrece una imagen distorsionada de la sexualidad y que la información sobre cuestiones sexuales raramente figura en los programas. Este artículo analiza las representaciones de los personajes femeninos de la ficción televisiva española, mediante la utilización de un método híbrido que combina herramientas como el programa estadístico SPSS con la socio-semiótica. La muestra comprende los 709 personajes femeninos incluidos en la ficción propia de estreno de 2012 y 2013. La actividad sexual de los personajes femeninos está condicionada por el atractivo y por la edad, a excepción de las niñas y adolescentes. Los personajes jóvenes de la muestra identifican el empoderamiento con la asertividad y el control, mientras que las representaciones de las mujeres mayores de 45 años son muy escasas. Las relaciones sexuales son representadas como el desenlace “natural” de las relaciones románticas y la seducción

Prior research has shown that immigration law enforcement contributes to poor health outcomes-including reproductive health outcomes-among Latinos. Yet no prior research has examined how immigration enforcement might inhibit reproductive justice and limit individual's reproductive autonomy. We utilized data from an existing study that consisted of a partnership with a Latino community in Michigan in which an immigration raid resulted in multiple arrests and deportations midway through data collection. Using cross-sectional survey data (n = 192) where no one was re-interviewed, we used ordinal logistic regression to compare desired pregnancy timing of individuals surveyed prior to and after the raid to determine the impact of an immigration raid on desired timing of next pregnancy. We then used qualitative data-including 21 in-depth interviews and participant observation-collected in the community after the raid to contextualize our findings. Controlling for socio-demographic characteristics, we found that Latinos surveyed in the aftermath of the raid were more likely to report a greater desire to delay childbearing than Latinos surveyed before the raid occurred. Our qualitative data showed that an immigration raid has financial and psychological effects on immigrant families and that a raid may impact reproductive autonomy because people are fearful of these impacts. These finding suggest that current immigration enforcement efforts may influence reproductive decision-making, impede Latinos reproductive autonomy, and that family-friendly immigration policy reform is needed.

El auge del drama televisivo, a finales de los noventa, le disputó a la comedia el protagonismo que la había convertido en el género más popular y resistente de la ficción a lo largo de más de cuatro décadas. La variedad de temáticas y la creciente complejidad narrativa de los nuevos formatos de ficción fueron relegando las representaciones de la familia, la clave del éxito de la comedia, al contexto de los avatares sentimentales, sexuales y, en menor medida, laborales de los personajes femeninos. Este artículo analiza el contexto y las relaciones familiares de los 709 personajes femeninos representados, con un grado variable de protagonismo, en los 84 programas de la ficción televisiva española de estreno (series, seriales, TVmovies, miniseries y sketches), emitidos a lo largo de 2012 y 2013. El método utilizado combina técnicas cuantitativas (codificación en SPSS) y cualitativas (socio-semiótica y script theory). El análisis revela que la ficción televisiva española proyecta una imagen compleja de la familia, en la que se mezclan tópicos y estereotipos, pero que intenta reflejar la realidad. Los conflictos generacionales representen las desavenencias más frecuentes de la vida cotidiana de los personajes analizados, aunque la mayor parte de las mujeres representadas en el contexto familiar suelen contar con apoyo de los suyos para afrontar los problemas y los conflictos de sus azarosas existencias de ficción

The body size of aquatic invertebrates is, to a great extent, dependent on ambient temperature, but size distributions are also determined by other factors like food supply and predation. The effect of temperature on organisms is formulated in the temperature–size hypothesis, which predicts a smaller body size with increasing temperature. In this study, the effect of temperature on the subfossil remains of three littoral Cladocera (Alona affnis, A. quadrangularis, and Chydorus cf. sphaericus) was investigated. Exoskeletal remains of these species can be found in large numbers in lacustrine sediments and over a wide north–south range in Europe. The total length of both headshield and postabdomen for A. affinis and A. quadrangularis and carapace length for C. cf. sphaericus were measured to observe their response to changes in latitude and temperature. A different response to ambient temperature in the growth of body parts was observed. The size of the headshields of both Alona species and of the carapace of Chydorus was significantly larger in colder regions as opposed to warm ones. It turned out that the postabdomen was not a good predictor of ambient temperature. While the sizes of all remains increased with latitude, the sizes of the Alona remains was smaller in the mountain lakes of the Southern Carpathians than in other cold lakes, in this case in Finland, a fact indicative of the importance of other factors on size distribution. This study demonstrates that a morphological response to climate is present in littoral cladocerans, and, therefore, changes in the length of headshield and carapace may be used as a proxy for climate changes in paleolimnological records.

Raymundo Gleyzer, cineasta argentino desaparecido en mayo de 1976, dejó una vasta producción que combina el documental con la ficción. Atravesado por los preceptos del Cinema Novo proclamaba que “para hacer cine, solo se necesita una cámara en mano y una idea en la cabeza”. Como alma mater del Cine de la Base compartía con sus colegas de Cine Liberación la idea del cine como herramienta de contrainformación. Más pragmático que intelectual, dejó escasos escritos sobre sus reflexiones en torno al tercer cine o a la construcción de un nuevo lenguaje. Sin embargo, en ocasión de la presentación de su film Los Traidores, durante la IX Muestra Internacional del Nuevo Cine de Pésaro en 1973, dejó sentada su posición sobre la eficacia del cine revolucionario latinoamericano. No sólo destacó entonces algunos rasgos comunes pregonados por el cine militante, sino que enfatizó la importancia del videotape como herramienta para la difusión de los films en el ámbito latinoamericano. Asimismo, al defender su decisión de apelar a la ficción clásica para narrar su historia, puso en el ojo de la tormenta el debate sobre el lenguaje cinematográfico al interior del cine político europeo.

El uso del entretenimiento en la comunicación mediática sobre salud viene siendo una estrategia habitual desde la década de los noventa; pero, aunque su eficacia ha sido reiteradamente probada, algunos estudiosos critican el sesgo de los mensajes y discuten sus beneficios. Esta investigación propone una metodología original que combina técnicas cuantitativas (SPSS) y aproximaciones cualitativas (socio-semiótica y script theory) para analizar la representación de la enfermedad, la discapacidad y el consumo de substancias tóxicas de los personajes femeninos de la ficción televisiva española. El análisis revela la ambivalencia entre la vocación didáctica de los relatos y la recurrencia de tópicos. Los resultados también muestran la escasa relevancia otorgada a la salud femenina ya la promoción de hábitos saludables.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading cause of polyneuropathy in the Western world. Diabetic neuropathy (DNP) is the most common complication of diabetes and is of great clinical significance mainly due to the pain and the possibility of ulceration in the lower limbs. Early detection of neuropathy is essential in the medical management of this complication. Early unmyelinated C-fiber dysfunction is one of the typical findings of diabetic neuropathy and the first clinical manifestation of dysfunction indicating sudomotor eccrine gland impairment. In order to assess newly developed technology for the measurement of dermal electrochemical conductance (DEC), we analyzed the feasibility and effectiveness of DEC (quantitative expression of sudomotor reflex) as a screening test of DNP in primary health care centers. The study included 197 people (with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes and normal tolerance) who underwent all the protocol tests and electromyography (EMG). On comparing DEC with EMG as the gold standard, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC, area under the curve) was 0.58 in the whole sample, AUC = 0.65 in the diabetes population and AUC = 0.72 in prediabetes, being irrelevant in subjects without glucose disturbances (AUC = 0.47). Conclusions: In usual clinical practice, DEC is feasible, with moderate sensitivity but high specificity. It is also easy to use and interpret and requires little training, thereby making it a good screening test in populations with diabetes and prediabetes. It may also be useful in screening general populations at risk of neuropathy.

La asociación entre televisión y web 2.0 inaugura nuevas modalidades de relación con el espectador definidas por la retroalimentación entre producción y recepción, que están modificando radicalmente los paradigmas de la textualidad y la interpretación. La falta de especificidad de los nuevos medios y la vocación social de Internet convierten las redes sociales en una caja de resonancia de la televisión. Sin embargo, el impacto de las nuevas alianzas intermediáticas contrasta con su escasa rentabilidad, lo que impulsa a los actores económicos a buscar nuevas formas de negocio abocadas a difuminar los confines entre lo público y lo privado.

La reflexión sobre las diferentes aproximaciones a la comunicación del género recogidas en este monográfico, parte del presupuesto de que las identidades de género construidas por los medios de comunicación se convierten en referentes, socialmente compartidos, en los que se miran los destinatarios de los mensajes. Su influencia para reforzar o debilitar las convicciones y actitudes de las mujeres y de los hombres en relación con los mandatos de género resulta incuestionable, pues a través de los personajes mediáticos, de los temas de la agenda informativa o de los “mundos posibles” construidos por la ficción y la publicidad se propicia el debate y el reconocimiento social de nuevas propuestas identitarias. Los artículos que integran este volumen mantienen una tesis común: la persistencia de una perspectiva androcéntrica en los contenidos y representaciones de los medios de comunicación, adaptados a nuevas expresiones culturales acordes con lo políticamente correcto. Sin embargo, un análisis detallado de los discursos mediáticos en sus diversos formatos permite advertir la permanencia de la visión dicotómica de la división de los roles de género en los que se basa la sociedad patriarcal, así como la presunción de la superioridad de todo lo relacionado con el hombre frente a las formas de vida que han caracterizado a las mujeres.

Aquest número especial d'Anàlisi. Quaderns de comunicació i cultura recull reflexions i debats sobre les diferents formes dels continguts audiovisuals contemporanis i les transformacions que els nous processos tecnològics, socials i comunicatius estan provocant en els diferents mitjans, i en els àmbits de la construcció de relats, la producció i el consum i la recepció.

A constante retroalimentação entre a televisão e as novas tecnologias expande os limites de interpretação e confgura novos modelos narrativos e novas modalidades de cooperação textual que estão modifcando de maneira radical os paradigmas de texto e de interpretação. A incorporação crescente dos usuários na Rede propicia a configuração de um entorno midiático onde as fronteiras entre produção e recepção são cada vez mais difusas, o que está transformando a Rede no principal aliado da ficção televisiva. Neste artigo (realizado no âmbito de uma pesquisa sobre a construção da identidade juvenil na ficção televisiva e nas novas tecnologias), são repassados os principais marcos da parceria crescente entre televisão e internet, à luz das diferentes modalidades de retroalimentação propiciadas pela nova transmedia storytelling.

Research on young people and television fiction is a field of study rather unexplored. The attention devoted to children and other television genres, such as information, have been keys of the relative lack of interest that is observed. Since 2000, the appeal of fiction for young people, new technologies and attention dedicated to the processes of construction of social identity in the television, is helping to increase the visibility of this issue. In general, investigations reveal the “appropriation” of contents by this age group, which seems to dominate the narrative conventions and be able to question the plausibility of representations. However, studies also tend to confirm the recurrent association between this typology of characters with sex and leisure, although it is noteworthy that most of the contributions also recognize the educational aspect of the programmes analyzed.

El sistema de la Moda constituye, en este trabajo, la referencia teórica desde donde se intenta determinar el papel de los médios audiovisuales en la homogeneización y la difusión a escala planetária de la Moda. Al mismo tiempo, esta comunicación se plantea como homenaje a un libro cuyo (tardío) reconocimiento en cuanto texto ejemplar de la semiología no termina de hacer justicia a su aportación teórico-metodológica a la semiótica. En la última parte de esta comunicación se esboza una tipología de los transmisores de la Moda en el cine y, tras constatar la ausencia de shifters propios en la televisión, se define el papel de la pequena pantalla en cuanto amplificador de los transmisores de Moda de las revistas y del cine.

Objective: To describe the practice patterns and outcomes of patients with stage 3B endometrial cancer., Methods: We queried the National Cancer Database for all surgically staged, stage 3 patients between 2012 and 2016. Patients who received any pre-operative therapy were excluded. Demographics, tumor factors, and adjuvant therapy for the stage 3 substages were compared. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with adjuvant therapy. Kaplan Meier curves were generated and compared using the log-rank test. Multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards Model was used to adjust for prognostic factors. Findings with p < 0.05 were considered significant., Results: Of 7363 patients with stage 3 disease, 478 (6%) had stage 3B; 1732 (23%) had stage 3A, 3457 (48%) had stage 3C1, and 1696 (23%) had stage 3C2 disease. Post-surgical treatment consisted of: combined chemotherapy (CT) and radiation (RT) (49%), CT alone (28%), RT alone (9%), 14% received no postoperative therapy. Among all stage 3 substages, patients with stage 3B disease were the least likely to receive any CT, and the most likely to receive RT alone. After adjusting for known prognostic factors, patients with stage 3A (Hazard ratio (HR) of death = 0.64) and 3C1 (HR of death = 0.79) disease had significantly worse overall survival compared to stage 3B; survival was not demonstrably different from patients with stage 3C2 disease. Patients with stage 3B disease who received CT + RT had the best overall survival., Conclusion: Survival of patients with stage 3B disease is similar to that of patients with para-aortic node metastases and is inferior to all others with stage 3 endometrial cancer. Less frequent CT and a higher rate of post-operative RT alone, describes a distinct practice from that seen in other stage 3 patients., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement All authors certify that they have NO affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers' bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To investigate the representation of women as principal investigators (PI) in phase 3, gynecologic oncology clinical trials., Methods: ClinicalTrials.gov was queried for all phase 3 clinical trials with start dates between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2020 using the search terms: "ovarian cancer", "endometrial cancer", and "cervical cancer". Trial characteristics were abstracted from the website. Gender of the PI was assessed by name, image on institutional website or by querying the trial coordinator. Trials were considered to have women's representation if women were the sole PI or among multiple co-PIs. Chi-square tests and relative risks were used to compare proportions across groups. Linear regression was used to assess trends over time., Results: 200 unique clinical trials were included in this analysis, of which women were represented as PI in 76 (38%). Women were more likely to be a PI of trials funded by multiple sites than a single entity (RR = 1.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25, 2.61, p = 0.01), registered outside of Asia than those in Asia (RR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.11, 2.88, p = 0.02), and trials with multiple co-PIs than with one PI (RR = 1.78 (95% CI 1.18, 2.67), p = 0.01). Overall, women's representation as a PI increased by 3% annually (by year of registration, R 2 = 0.61, p = 0.01). This increase was most evident in trials registered in multiple continents and Europe (both 4% annually)., Conclusions: Women's representation as PIs in clinical trials has increased in the last decade. Trials funded by multiple sources outside of Asia have the highest proportion of PIs who are women. These trends may represent ongoing leadership and mentorship opportunities for women gynecologic oncologists., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement All authors certify that they have NO affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers' bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To describe our single-institution oncologic outcomes of patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and interval debulking surgery (IDS) with or without hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC)., Methods: We compared clinicopathologic information and outcomes for all patients with advanced stage, high-grade serous ovarian cancer who received NACT and IDS with (N = 20) or without (N = 48) HIPEC at our institution from 2010 to 2019 RESULTS: Mean age (62 years with HIPEC and 60 years without HIPEC) and proportion of stage 4 disease (40% for both) did not differ between cohorts. HIPEC patients had higher rates of complete cytoreduction (95% vs 50%), longer mean duration of surgery (530 vs. 216 min), more grade 3 or 4 postoperative complications (65% vs. 4%), and longer mean length of hospital stay (8 vs. 5 days). HIPEC patients had significantly higher risk for platinum-refractory progression or platinum-resistance recurrence (50% vs 23%; RR = 2.18; 95% CI 1.11, 4.30, p = 0.024). Median progression free survival (11.5 vs. 12 months) and all-cause mortality (19.1 vs. 30.5 months) in the HIPEC and non-HIPEC cohorts, respectively, did not differ CONCLUSIONS: HIPEC was associated with increased risk for platinum refractory or resistant disease. Higher surgical complexity may contribute to higher complication rates without improving oncologic outcomes in our patients. Further investigations and long-term follow-up are needed to assess the utility of HIPEC in primary treatment of advanced stage ovarian cancer., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors certify that they have NO affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers' bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript, (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

To the dismay of clinicians and public health professionals, obesity rates remain high and fundamentally unchanged among women and girls in the United States. The latest data show that 34.9% of adults and 16.9 % of youths are obese. There are marked racial and socioeconomic disparities in obesity in the United States with no appreciable improvements. Although regional variations exist, physical inactivity rates are as high as 43%. Fruit and vegetable consumption was higher in women compared with men, however, the rates remain quite low (36.1% fruit >2/d, 30.9% vegetables >3/d). Obesity impacts health outcomes across the reproductive lifespan.

Objectives: To determine whether measures of successful aging are associated with sexual activity, satisfaction, and function in older postmenopausal women., Design: Cross-sectional study using self-report surveys; analyses included chi-square and t-tests and multiple linear regression analyses., Setting: Community-dwelling older postmenopausal women in the greater San Diego region., Participants: One thousand two hundred thirty-five community-dwelling women aged 60 to 89 participating at the San Diego site of the Women's Health Initiative., Measurements: Demographic information and self-reported measures of sexual activity, function, and satisfaction and successful aging., Results: Sexual activity and functioning (desire, arousal, vaginal tightness, use of lubricants, and ability to climax) were negatively associated with age, as were physical and mental health. In contrast, sexual satisfaction and self-rated successful aging and quality of life remained unchanged across age groups. Successful aging measures were positively associated with sexual measures, especially self-rated quality of life and sexual satisfaction., Conclusion: Self-rated successful aging, quality of life, and sexual satisfaction appear to be stable in the face of declines in physical health, some cognitive abilities, and sexual activity and function and positively associated with each other from age 60 to 89., (© 2011, Copyright the Authors. Journal compilation © 2011, The American Geriatrics Society.)