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Introduction and objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood disorder. Children with ADHD often display sleep problems and mood instability, which are exacerbated with stimulant medication. This study examined the relationship between sleep and emotional reactivity to dexmethlyphenidate (DMPH) and mixed amphetamine salts (MAS). Methods: Forty children, aged 9–17, participated in a double-blind crossover study comparing two stimulants (extended release DMPH, MAS) at three doses (10, 20, 25–30 mg), with two randomized placebo periods. Treatments lasted 1 week. Sleep and emotional reactivity were assessed using actigraphy and questionnaires. Results: Higher dosages reduced sleep duration, regardless of medication. Sleep was differentially related to emotional reactivity across medications, with later wake time being correlated with decreased depression, anger and anxiety scores during DMPH treatment, while no consistent relationship was found for MAS. Discussion: Although sleep deteriorated with dosage, later wake times were associated with less negative emotionality for DMPH, suggesting improved sleep may prove particularly beneficial with this stimulant. Conclusion: The relationship between sleep and emotionality suggests a need for combined sleep and stimulant treatment to increase tolerability and treatment compliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]