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4. Can a tDCS Treatment Enhance Subjective and Objective Sleep among Student-Athletes?

Author

Charest, Jonathan, Marois, Alexandre, and Bastien, Celyne H.

Abstract

Introduction: Previous studies have shown that student-athletes suffer from sleep difficulties. This study explored the impact of tDCS on sleep parameters among student-athletes. Method: Thirty student-athletes (15 females, 15 males, age 21.1 ± 2.1 years) were recruited. All participants underwent a series of questions to rule out depressive and anxiety disorders or any specific tDCS exclusion criteria. All participants were advised to maintain their usual sleep schedule. Results: Compared polysomnographic and Psychomotor Vigilance Task data analyses did not show any improvement after experimental tDCS. Regardless of groups, PVT mean reaction time was decreased. Regarding the questionnaires, data analyses showed improvement on the PSQI (p < 0.001), ISI (p < 0.001) and ASSQ (p < 0.007) scores after tDCS. Discussion: tDCS appears to increase total sleep time and should be further explored. Improvements in subjective sleep suggest that tDCS bears interesting possibilities into the enhancement of sleep among student-athletes.

Published
2021
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7. Influence of circadian preference, sleep inertia and their interaction on marathon completion time: A retrospective, cross‐sectional investigation of a large mass‐participation city marathon.

Author

Gratton, Matthew K. P., Charest, Jonathan, Lickel, James, Bender, Amy M., Werthner, Penny, Pedlar, Charles R., Kipps, Courtney, Lawson, Doug, Samuels, Charles H., and Cook, Jesse

Subjects
*CHRONOTYPE, *MARATHON running, *ENDURANCE athletes, *LONG-distance runners, *SLEEP, *MORNINGNESS-Eveningness Questionnaire, *FOOD preferences
Abstract

Summary Burgeoning interest in marathons necessitates an understanding of performance determinants. Research has highlighted the importance of diet, training and sleep, yet relations of circadian preference and sleep inertia with marathon performance remain largely unexplored. Because marathons generally start early‐to‐mid morning, these characteristics may have relevant impact. This study investigates relationships of circadian preference, sleep inertia and their interaction with marathon completion time. Consenting participants in a 2016 large mass‐participation city marathon completed self‐report questionnaires capturing circadian preference and sleep inertia, along with demographics and other characteristics. Circadian preference and sleep inertia were described across subgroups. Analyses examined the associations and interactions of circadian preference and sleep inertia with marathon completion times, with adjusted analyses accounting for age, sex and sleep health. Participants were marathon finishers (n = 936; 64.5% male; 66.3% young‐adults), with a majority reporting morningness tendencies (60.8%). Results supported a linear association between increasing eveningness preference with slower marathon times (p = 0.003; padjusted = 0.002), while some support was provided for a linear relationship between greater sleep inertia and slower marathon times (p = 0.04; padjusted = 0.07). A significant interaction was observed (p = 0.02; padjusted = 0.01), with the directionality suggesting that the circadian preference relationship weakened when sleep inertia severity increased, and vice‐versa. Our results suggest deleterious associations of increasing eveningness preference and greater sleep inertia with marathon completion time. These features may aid identifying marathoners who could be at a disadvantage, while also serving as modifiable targets for personalized training regimens preceding competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Automatic Channel Fault Detection and Diagnosis System for a Small Animal APD-Based Digital PET Scanner

Author

Charest, Jonathan, Beaudoin, Jean-François, Cadorette, Jules, Lecomte, Roger, Brunet, Charles-Antoine, and Fontaine, Réjean

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Fault detection and diagnosis is critical to many applications in order to ensure proper operation and performance over time. Positron emission tomography (PET) systems that require regular calibrations by qualified scanner operators are good candidates for such continuous improvements. Furthermore, for scanners employing one-to-one coupling of crystals to photodetectors to achieve enhanced spatial resolution and contrast, the calibration task is even more daunting because of the large number of independent channels involved. To cope with the additional complexity of the calibration and quality control procedures of these scanners, an intelligent system (IS) was designed to perform fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) of malfunctioning channels. The IS can be broken down into four hierarchical modules: parameter extraction, channel fault detection, fault prioritization and diagnosis. Of these modules, the first two have previously been reported and this paper focuses on fault prioritization and diagnosis. The purpose of the fault prioritization module is to help the operator to zero in on the faults that need immediate attention. The fault diagnosis module will then identify the causes of the malfunction and propose an explanation of the reasons that lead to the diagnosis. The FDD system was implemented on a LabPET avalanche photodiode (APD)-based digital PET scanner. Experiments demonstrated a FDD Sensitivity of 99.3 % (with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of: [98.7, 99.9]) for major faults. Globally, the Balanced Accuracy of the diagnosis for varying fault severities is 92 %. This suggests the IS can greatly benefit the operators in their maintenance task., Comment: Results presented at 19th IEEE Real-Time conference

Published
2014
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12. Sleep Health, Individual Characteristics, Lifestyle Factors, and Marathon Completion Time in Marathon Runners: A Retrospective Investigation of the 2016 London Marathon

Author

Cook, Jesse D., primary, Gratton, Matt K. P., additional, Bender, Amy M., additional, Werthner, Penny, additional, Lawson, Doug, additional, Pedlar, Charles R., additional, Kipps, Courtney, additional, Bastien, Celyne H., additional, Samuels, Charles H., additional, and Charest, Jonathan, additional

Published
2023
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23. How Sleep Affects Recovery and Performance in Basketball: A Systematic Review

Author

Educación física y deportiva, Gorputz eta Kirol Hezkuntza, Ochoa Lácar, Javier, Singh, Meeta, Bird, Stephen P., Charest, Jonathan, Huygue, Thomas, Calleja González, Julio María, Educación física y deportiva, Gorputz eta Kirol Hezkuntza, Ochoa Lácar, Javier, Singh, Meeta, Bird, Stephen P., Charest, Jonathan, Huygue, Thomas, and Calleja González, Julio María

Abstract

Background: Sleep is considered an essential component related to physiological and psychological recovery in athletes and particularly in basketball, given the impact of condensed travel and game schedules on player health and performance. Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to examine studies published to date on sleep and basketball performance. Methodology: All scientific articles that reported a relationship between sleep and its possible impact on performance in basketball are included. The research processes followed the PRISMA criteria, and the relevant articles were extracted (PubMed, WOS, Scopus) as of December 31, 2021. Results: Twenty-eight articles were selected for inclusion and data extraction, with 27 demonstrating that sleep is a vital component in the recovery of basketball players and their corresponding on-court performance. Three central themes that we identified: (1) the quality and extension of sleep (the better quality and more extension of sleep, better performance and lower probability of injury); (2) influence of the players circadian rhythm (travel and game scheduling do not currently facilitate or take this into account); and (3) higher training loads and/or increased stress may jeopardize a subsequent good night’s sleep, which should be taken into account when scheduling practices and workouts. Conclusion: The current systematic review regarding sleep and basketball performance and highlights that there is a strong relationship between both variables. Collectively, the evidence supports the critical influence of sleep on player recovery and basketball performance and risk for injury.

Published
2022

25. The Recovery Umbrella in the World of Elite Sport: Do Not Forget the Coaching and Performance Staff

Author

Calleja-González, Julio, primary, Bird, Stephen, additional, Huyghe, Thomas, additional, Jukic, Igor, additional, Cuzzolin, Francesco, additional, Cos, Francesc, additional, Marqués-Jiménez, Diego, additional, Milanovic, Luka, additional, Sampaio, Jaime, additional, López-Laval, Isaac, additional, Ostojic, Sergej, additional, Jones, Margaret, additional, Alcaraz, Pedro, additional, Schelling, Xavi, additional, Delextrat, Anne, additional, Singh, Meeta, additional, Charest, Jonathan, additional, Freitas, Tomás, additional, Torres Ronda, Lorena, additional, Petway, Adam, additional, Medina, Daniel, additional, Tramullas, Antonio, additional, Mielgo-Ayuso, Juan, additional, Terrados, Nicolas, additional, and McLellan, Chris, additional

Published
2021
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35. Creation of Laryngeal Grafts from Primary Human Cells and Decellularized Laryngeal Scaffolds

Author

Moser, Philipp T., primary, Gerli, Mattia, additional, Diercks, Gillian R., additional, Evangelista-Leite, Daniele, additional, Charest, Jonathan M., additional, Gershlak, Joshua R., additional, Ren, Xi, additional, Gilpin, Sarah E., additional, Jank, Bernhard J., additional, Gaudette, Glenn R., additional, Hartnick, Christopher J., additional, and Ott, Harald C., additional

Published
2020
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39. Contributors

Author

Almeida, Andrea, Athey, Amy B., Bender, Amy M., Brager, Allison Joy, Brauer, Ashley A., Caldwell, John A., Charest, Jonathan, Clarke, Madison, Dunican, Ian C., Emert, Sarah E., Farnsworth, William, Fernandez, Fabian-Xosé, Ghani, Sadia B., Goldstein, Cathy, Gordon, Joseph A., III, Grandner, Michael A., Halson, Shona L., Hansen, Eric T., Huskey, Alisa, Johnson, Abigail, Kennedy, Kathryn E.R., Kim, Kelly N., Kline, Christopher E., Lambing, Kari A., Lastella, Michele, Lujan, Matthew R., Mason, Brooke J., McConnell, Emily J., Mills, Jonathan, Moore, Brian A., Mysliwiec, Vincent, Perez-Pozuelo, Ignacio, Raikes, Adam C., Ritland, Bradley, Rouska, Ashton, Singh, Meeta, Taylor, Daniel J., Vincent, Grace E., Vitale, Jacopo A., and Workings, Michael

Published
2024
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40. Système intelligent de détection et diagnostic de fautes en tomographie d'émission par positrons

Author

Fontaine, Réjean, Brunet, Charles-Antoine, Lecomte, Roger, Charest, Jonathan, Fontaine, Réjean, Brunet, Charles-Antoine, Lecomte, Roger, and Charest, Jonathan

Abstract

La tomographie d'émission par positrons (TEP) est un outil de choix en imagerie moléculaire grâce à sa capacité à quantifier certains métabolismes et à porter des diagnostics précis sur l'évolution de pathologies. Cependant, la qualité du diagnostic est dépendante de la qualité de l'image obtenue. La complexité des appareils TEP fait en sorte que ceux-ci nécessitent des calibrations fréquentes demandant un professionnel qualifié dans le domaine que très peu de laboratoires pourvus d'un scanner possèdent. Conséquemment, ce projet vise à concevoir un système intelligent pouvant détecter des fautes et porter un diagnostic sur un scanner TEP de façon automatique dans le but de maximiser la qualité des images produites. Le système intelligent développé permettra alors de pallier à la surcharge ou à l'absence d'un professionnel en laboratoire puisqu'il automatisera le contrôle de qualité de l'appareil. Le projet englobe donc: l'identification de données permettant de détecter et diagnostiquer les fautes, l'implantation de système intelligent par module et de façon hiérarchique, la validation de l'exactitude des diagnostics et finalement l'évaluation de l'impact du système sur la qualité des images produites par le scanner. Pour arriver à son but, le système intelligent met en oeuvre différentes méthodes d'intelligence artificielle comprenant des réseaux de neurones artificiels, un système expert à base de règles et diverses méthodes de traitement de signal. Ce projet se penche plus spécifiquement sur le scanner LabPET, un scanner TEP pour petits animaux développé à Sherbrooke. LabPET est un bon candidat car il comporte un nombre élevé de canaux non interdépendants accentuant ainsi les bénéfices de la parallélisation apportés par le système proposé. Ainsi, les travaux ont permis de réaliser un système ayant une efficacité de détection et une exactitude de diagnostic dépassant les attentes et, une étude de l'impact du système sur la qualité des images a démontré une amélior

Published
2017

41. L’effet de la stimulation transcrânienne à courant direct (tDCS) sur la douleur et le sommeil des personnes âgées souffrant de douleur musculo-squelletique

Author

Charest, Jonathan and Charest, Jonathan

Abstract

Introduction : La douleur chronique et les problèmes de sommeil ont un impact négatif sur la qualité de vie des personnes âgées. La prévalence de ces deux conditions augmente considérablement avec le vieillissement. L’objectif de l’étude visait à explorer le potentiel d’une intervention tDCS auprès de personnes âgées souffrant de douleur chronique musculo-squelettique et se plaignant de la qualité de leur sommeil. Méthodes : Sept participants souffrant de douleur chronique et de problèmes de sommeil ont reçu cinq séances tDCS anodiques à raison d’une stimulation par jour, étalé sur cinq jours consécutifs, au niveau du cortex moteur primaire avec un courant d’une puissance de 2mA et d’une durée de 20 minutes. L’intensité de la douleur était mesurée avec une échelle visuelle analogue tandis que le type de douleur était mesuré avec le questionnaire de la douleur de Melzack. Les paramètres de sommeil étaient mesurés avec l’actigraphie ainsi que la polysomnographie. Pendant toute la durée de l’étude, les participants devaient compléter quotidiennement un journal de bord de douleur ainsi que du sommeil afin de répertorier l’effet de la tDCS. Résultats : Les résultats indiquent que la tDCS engendre une analgésie significative au niveau des moyennes (p = .010) et grandes douleurs (p = .022). Les résultats du PSQI indiquent une amélioration du sommeil suite à la tDCS (p = .011). L’agenda de sommeil indique une amélioration au niveau subjectif de l’agitation du sommeil (p = .025). Par contre, aucun résultat significatif n’a été observé au niveau des paramètres objectifs du sommeil avec l’actigraphie et la polysomnographie. Conclusion : Cette étude indique que cinq séances de tDCS anodique appliquée au niveau du cortex moteur primaire auraient un effet analgésique auprès des personnes âgées souffrant de douleur chronique, tout en améliorant les paramètres subjectifs du sommeil, mais les paramètres objectifs du sommeil demeuraient inchangés. De futures études seraient bénéfique

Published
2017

42. Quantitative Analysis of [11C]-Erlotinib PET Demonstrates Specific Binding for Activating Mutations of the EGFR Kinase Domain1

Author

Petrulli, J Ryan, Sullivan, Jenna M, Zheng, Ming-Qiang, Bennett, Daniel C, Charest, Jonathan, Huang, Yiyun, Morris, Evan D, and Contessa, Joseph N

Subjects
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Mutation, Missense, Gene Expression, Mice, Nude, respiratory tract diseases, ErbB Receptors, Erlotinib Hydrochloride, Mice, Catalytic Domain, Cell Line, Tumor, Positron-Emission Tomography, Quinazolines, Animals, Humans, Carbon Radioisotopes, Phosphorylation, Radiopharmaceuticals, neoplasms, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Neoplasm Transplantation, Research Article, Protein Binding
Abstract

Activating mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) occur in multiple tumor types, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and malignant glioma, and have become targets for therapeutic intervention. The determination of EGFR mutation status using a noninvasive, molecular imaging approach has the potential for clinical utility. In this study, we investigated [(11)C]-erlotinib positron emission tomography (PET) imaging as a tool to identify activating mutations of EGFR in both glioma and NSCLC xenografts. Radiotracer specific binding was determined for high and low specific activity (SA) [(11)C]-erlotinib PET scans in mice bearing synchronous human cancer xenografts with different EGFR expression profiles (PC9, HCC827, U87, U87 ΔEGFR, and SW620). Although xenograft immunohistochemistry demonstrated constitutive EGFR phosphorylation, PET scan analysis using the Simplified Reference Tissue Model showed that only kinase domain mutant NSCLC (HCC827 and PC9) had significantly greater binding potentials in high versus low SA scans. Xenografts with undetectable EGFR expression (SW620), possessing wild-type EGFR (U87), and expressing an activating extracellular domain mutation (U87 ΔEGFR) were indistinguishable under both high and low SA scan conditions. The results suggest that [(11)C]-erlotinib is a promising radiotracer that could provide a novel clinical methodology for assessing EGFR and erlotinib interactions in patients with tumors that harbor EGFR-activating kinase domain mutations.

Published
2013

43. Oligosaccharyltransferase inhibition induces senescence in RTK-driven tumor cells

Author

Lopez-Sambrooks, Cecilia, primary, Shrimal, Shiteshu, additional, Khodier, Carol, additional, Flaherty, Daniel P, additional, Rinis, Natalie, additional, Charest, Jonathan C, additional, Gao, Ningguo, additional, Zhao, Peng, additional, Wells, Lance, additional, Lewis, Timothy A, additional, Lehrman, Mark A, additional, Gilmore, Reid, additional, Golden, Jennifer E, additional, and Contessa, Joseph N, additional

Published
2016
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45. Bioengineering Human Myocardium on Native Extracellular Matrix

Author

Guyette, Jacques P., primary, Charest, Jonathan M., additional, Mills, Robert W., additional, Jank, Bernhard J., additional, Moser, Philipp T., additional, Gilpin, Sarah E., additional, Gershlak, Joshua R., additional, Okamoto, Tatsuya, additional, Gonzalez, Gabriel, additional, Milan, David J., additional, Gaudette, Glenn R., additional, and Ott, Harald C., additional

Published
2016
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46. High-throughput Screening Identifies Aclacinomycin as a Radiosensitizer of EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer1

Author

Bennett, Daniel C, Charest, Jonathan, Sebolt, Katrina, Lehrman, Mark, Rehemtulla, Alnawaz, and Contessa, Joseph N

Subjects
Research Article
Abstract

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) provides a specialized environment for the folding and modification of trans-membrane proteins, including receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), which are vital for the growth and survival of malignancies. To identify compounds which disrupt the function of the ER and thus could potentially impair cancer cell survival signaling, we adapted a set of glycosylation-sensitive luciferase reporters for the development and optimization of a cell-based high-throughput screen (HTS). Secondary screens for false-positive luciferase activation and tertiary lectin-based and biochemical analyses were also devised for compound triage. Through a pilot screen of 2802 compounds from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) chemical libraries, we identified aclacinomycin (Acm) as a compound that preferentially affects ER function. We report that Acm reduces plasma membrane expression of glycoproteins including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Met but does not inhibit N-linked glycosylation or generalized protein translation. Fluorescence microscopy co-localization experiments were also performed and demonstrated Acm accumulation in the ER in further support of the overall HTS design. The consequences of Acm treatment on cell survival were analyzed through clonogenic survival analysis. Consistent with the reduction of EGFR levels, pretreatment with Acm sensitizes the EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines HCC827 and HCC2935 to ionizing radiation and did not affect the sensitivity of the RTK-independent and KRAS-mutant A549 NSCLC cell line. Thus, Acm and similar compounds targeting the ER may represent a novel approach for radiosensitizing tumor cells dependent on RTK function.

Published
2013

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