Search

Your search keyword '"Chapin, F. Stuart"' showing total 1,425 results
Start Over Author "Chapin, F. Stuart"
1,425 results on '"Chapin, F. Stuart"'

2. The global spectrum of plant form and function: enhanced species-level trait dataset.

Author

Díaz, Sandra, Kattge, Jens, Cornelissen, Johannes HC, Wright, Ian J, Lavorel, Sandra, Dray, Stéphane, Reu, Björn, Kleyer, Michael, Wirth, Christian, Prentice, I Colin, Garnier, Eric, Bönisch, Gerhard, Westoby, Mark, Poorter, Hendrik, Reich, Peter B, Moles, Angela T, Dickie, John, Zanne, Amy E, Chave, Jérôme, Wright, S Joseph, Sheremetiev, Serge N, Jactel, Hervé, Baraloto, Christopher, Cerabolini, Bruno EL, Pierce, Simon, Shipley, Bill, Casanoves, Fernando, Joswig, Julia S, Günther, Angela, Falczuk, Valeria, Rüger, Nadja, Mahecha, Miguel D, Gorné, Lucas D, Amiaud, Bernard, Atkin, Owen K, Bahn, Michael, Baldocchi, Dennis, Beckmann, Michael, Blonder, Benjamin, Bond, William, Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Brown, Kerry, Burrascano, Sabina, Byun, Chaeho, Campetella, Giandiego, Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Chapin, F Stuart, Choat, Brendan, Coomes, David Anthony, Cornwell, William K, Craine, Joseph, Craven, Dylan, Dainese, Matteo, de Araujo, Alessandro Carioca, de Vries, Franciska T, Domingues, Tomas Ferreira, Enquist, Brian J, Fagúndez, Jaime, Fang, Jingyun, Fernández-Méndez, Fernando, Fernandez-Piedade, Maria T, Ford, Henry, Forey, Estelle, Freschet, Gregoire T, Gachet, Sophie, Gallagher, Rachael, Green, Walton, Guerin, Greg R, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G, Harrison, Sandy P, Hattingh, Wesley Neil, He, Tianhua, Hickler, Thomas, Higgins, Steven I, Higuchi, Pedro, Ilic, Jugo, Jackson, Robert B, Jalili, Adel, Jansen, Steven, Koike, Fumito, König, Christian, Kraft, Nathan, Kramer, Koen, Kreft, Holger, Kühn, Ingolf, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Lamb, Eric G, Laughlin, Daniel C, Leishman, Michelle, Lewis, Simon, Louault, Frédérique, Malhado, Ana CM, Manning, Peter, Meir, Patrick, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Messier, Julie, Miller, Regis, Minden, Vanessa, Molofsky, Jane, and Montgomery, Rebecca

Abstract

Here we provide the 'Global Spectrum of Plant Form and Function Dataset', containing species mean values for six vascular plant traits. Together, these traits -plant height, stem specific density, leaf area, leaf mass per area, leaf nitrogen content per dry mass, and diaspore (seed or spore) mass - define the primary axes of variation in plant form and function. The dataset is based on ca. 1 million trait records received via the TRY database (representing ca. 2,500 original publications) and additional unpublished data. It provides 92,159 species mean values for the six traits, covering 46,047 species. The data are complemented by higher-level taxonomic classification and six categorical traits (woodiness, growth form, succulence, adaptation to terrestrial or aquatic habitats, nutrition type and leaf type). Data quality management is based on a probabilistic approach combined with comprehensive validation against expert knowledge and external information. Intense data acquisition and thorough quality control produced the largest and, to our knowledge, most accurate compilation of empirically observed vascular plant species mean traits to date.

Published
2022

3. Earth stewardship: Shaping a sustainable future through interacting policy and norm shifts

Author

Chapin, F Stuart, Weber, Elke U, Bennett, Elena M, Biggs, Reinette, van den Bergh, Jeroen, Adger, W Neil, Crépin, Anne-Sophie, Polasky, Stephen, Folke, Carl, Scheffer, Marten, Segerson, Kathleen, Anderies, John M, Barrett, Scott, Cardenas, Juan-Camilo, Carpenter, Stephen R, Fischer, Joern, Kautsky, Nils, Levin, Simon A, Shogren, Jason F, Walker, Brian, Wilen, James, and de Zeeuw, Aart

Subjects
Political Science, Human Society, Humans, Policy, Anthropocene, Earth stewardship, Institutions, Market economy, Social norms, Transformation, Ecology
Abstract

Transformation toward a sustainable future requires an earth stewardship approach to shift society from its current goal of increasing material wealth to a vision of sustaining built, natural, human, and social capital-equitably distributed across society, within and among nations. Widespread concern about earth's current trajectory and support for actions that would foster more sustainable pathways suggests potential social tipping points in public demand for an earth stewardship vision. Here, we draw on empirical studies and theory to show that movement toward a stewardship vision can be facilitated by changes in either policy incentives or social norms. Our novel contribution is to point out that both norms and incentives must change and can do so interactively. This can be facilitated through leverage points and complementarities across policy areas, based on values, system design, and agency. Potential catalysts include novel democratic institutions and engagement of non-governmental actors, such as businesses, civic leaders, and social movements as agents for redistribution of power. Because no single intervention will transform the world, a key challenge is to align actions to be synergistic, persistent, and scalable.

Published
2022

4. WTO must ban harmful fisheries subsidies

Author

Sumaila, U Rashid, Skerritt, Daniel J, Schuhbauer, Anna, Villasante, Sebastian, Cisneros-Montemayor, Andrés M, Sinan, Hussain, Burnside, Duncan, Abdallah, Patrízia Raggi, Abe, Keita, Addo, Kwasi A, Adelsheim, Julia, Adewumi, Ibukun J, Adeyemo, Olanike K, Adger, Neil, Adotey, Joshua, Advani, Sahir, Afrin, Zahidah, Aheto, Denis, Akintola, Shehu L, Akpalu, Wisdom, Alam, Lubna, Alava, Juan José, Allison, Edward H, Amon, Diva J, Anderies, John M, Anderson, Christopher M, Andrews, Evan, Angelini, Ronaldo, Anna, Zuzy, Antweiler, Werner, Arizi, Evans K, Armitage, Derek, Arthur, Robert I, Asare, Noble, Asche, Frank, Asiedu, Berchie, Asuquo, Francis, Badmus, Lanre, Bailey, Megan, Ban, Natalie, Barbier, Edward B, Barley, Shanta, Barnes, Colin, Barrett, Scott, Basurto, Xavier, Belhabib, Dyhia, Bennett, Elena, Bennett, Nathan J, Benzaken, Dominique, Blasiak, Robert, Bohorquez, John J, Bordehore, Cesar, Bornarel, Virginie, Boyd, David R, Breitburg, Denise, Brooks, Cassandra, Brotz, Lucas, Campbell, Donovan, Cannon, Sara, Cao, Ling, Cardenas Campo, Juan C, Carpenter, Steve, Carpenter, Griffin, Carson, Richard T, Carvalho, Adriana R, Castrejón, Mauricio, Caveen, Alex J, Chabi, M Nicole, Chan, Kai MA, Chapin, F Stuart, Charles, Tony, Cheung, William, Christensen, Villy, Chuku, Ernest O, Church, Trevor, Clark, Colin, Clarke, Tayler M, Cojocaru, Andreea L, Copeland, Brian, Crawford, Brian, Crépin, Anne-Sophie, Crowder, Larry B, Cury, Philippe, Cutting, Allison N, Daily, Gretchen C, Da-Rocha, Jose Maria, Das, Abhipsita, de la Puente, Santiago, de Zeeuw, Aart, Deikumah, Savior KS, Deith, Mairin, Dewitte, Boris, Doubleday, Nancy, Duarte, Carlos M, Dulvy, Nicholas K, Eddy, Tyler, Efford, Meaghan, Ehrlich, Paul R, Elsler, Laura G, and Fakoya, Kafayat A

Subjects
General Science & Technology
Published
2021

5. Social dimensions of fertility behavior and consumption patterns in the Anthropocene

Author

Barrett, Scott, Dasgupta, Aisha, Dasgupta, Partha, Adger, W Neil, Anderies, John, van den Bergh, Jeroen, Bledsoe, Caroline, Bongaarts, John, Carpenter, Stephen, Chapin, F Stuart, Crépin, Anne-Sophie, Daily, Gretchen, Ehrlich, Paul, Folke, Carl, Kautsky, Nils, Lambin, Eric F, Levin, Simon A, Mäler, Karl-Göran, Naylor, Rosamond, Nyborg, Karine, Polasky, Stephen, Scheffer, Marten, Shogren, Jason, Jørgensen, Peter Søgaard, Walker, Brian, and Wilen, James

Subjects
Contraception/Reproduction, Behavioral and Social Science, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Africa South of the Sahara, Conservation of Natural Resources, Consumer Behavior, Developed Countries, Fertility, Humans, Income, Population Growth, Reproductive Behavior, Social Change, Social Conformity, Sustainable Development, Technology, fertility, consumption, socially embedded preferences
Abstract

We consider two aspects of the human enterprise that profoundly affect the global environment: population and consumption. We show that fertility and consumption behavior harbor a class of externalities that have not been much noted in the literature. Both are driven in part by attitudes and preferences that are not egoistic but socially embedded; that is, each household's decisions are influenced by the decisions made by others. In a famous paper, Garrett Hardin [G. Hardin, Science 162, 1243-1248 (1968)] drew attention to overpopulation and concluded that the solution lay in people "abandoning the freedom to breed." That human attitudes and practices are socially embedded suggests that it is possible for people to reduce their fertility rates and consumption demands without experiencing a loss in wellbeing. We focus on fertility in sub-Saharan Africa and consumption in the rich world and argue that bottom-up social mechanisms rather than top-down government interventions are better placed to bring about those ecologically desirable changes.

Published
2020

7. From Biocultural Homogenization to Biocultural Conservation: A Conceptual Framework to Reorient Society Toward Sustainability of Life

Author

Rozzi, Ricardo, May, Roy H., Jr., Chapin, F. Stuart, III, Massardo, Francisca, Gavin, Michael C., Klaver, Irene J., Pauchard, Aníbal, Nuñez, Martin A., Simberloff, Daniel, Rozzi, Ricardo, Series Editor, May Jr., Roy H., editor, Chapin III, F. Stuart, editor, Massardo, Francisca, editor, Gavin, Michael C., editor, Klaver, Irene J., editor, Pauchard, Aníbal, editor, Nuñez, Martin A., editor, and Simberloff, Daniel, editor

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Plant diversity enhances productivity and soil carbon storage

Author

Chen, Shiping, Wang, Wantong, Xu, Wenting, Wang, Yang, Wan, Hongwei, Chen, Dima, Tang, Zhiyao, Tang, Xuli, Zhou, Guoyi, Xie, Zongqiang, Zhou, Daowei, Shangguan, Zhouping, Huang, Jianhui, He, Jin-Sheng, Wang, Yanfen, Sheng, Jiandong, Tang, Lisong, Li, Xinrong, Dong, Ming, Wu, Yan, Wang, Qiufeng, Wang, Zhiheng, Wu, Jianguo, Chapin, F. Stuart, and Bai, Yongfei

Published
2018

22. The impacts of climate change on ecosystem structure and function

Author

Grimm, Nancy B, Chapin, F Stuart, Bierwagen, Britta, Gonzalez, Patrick, Groffman, Peter M, Luo, Yiqi, Melton, Forrest, Nadelhoffer, Knute, Pairis, Amber, Raymond, Peter A, Schimel, Josh, and Williamson, Craig E

Subjects
Climate Action, Life on Land, Ecology
Abstract

Recent climate-change research largely confirms the impacts on US ecosystems identified in the 2009 National Climate Assessment and provides greater mechanistic understanding and geographic specificity for those impacts. Pervasive climate-change impacts on ecosystems are those that affect productivity of ecosystems or their ability to process chemical elements. Loss of sea ice, rapid warming, and higher organic inputs affect marine and lake productivity, while combined impacts of wildfire and insect outbreaks decrease forest productivity, mostly in the arid and semi-arid West. Forests in wetter regions are more productive owing to warming. Shifts in species ranges are so extensive that by 2100 they may alter biome composition across 5-20% of US land area. Accelerated losses of nutrients from terrestrial ecosystems to receiving waters are caused by both winter warming and intensification of the hydrologic cycle. Ecosystem feedbacks, especially those associated with release of carbon dioxide and methane release from wetlands and thawing permafrost soils, magnify the rate of climate change. © The Ecological Society of America.

Published
2013

25. Building Resilience and Adaptation to Manage Arctic Change

Author

Chapin,, F. Stuart, Hoel, Michael, Carpenter, Steven R., Walker, Brian, Callaghan, Terry V., Folke, Carl, Levin, Simon A., Mäler, Karl-Göran, Nilsson, Christer, Barrett, Scott, Berkes, Fikret, Danell, Kjell, Rosswall, Thomas, Starrett, David, Xepapadeas, Anastasios, and Zimov, Sergey A.

Published
2006

26. Global Consequences of Land Use

Author

Foley, Jonathan A., DeFries, Ruth, Asner, Gregory P., Barford, Carol, Bonan, Gordon, Carpenter, Stephen R., Chapin, F. Stuart, Coe, Michael T., Daily, Gretchen C., Gibbs, Holly K., Helkowski, Joseph H., Holloway, Tracey, Howard, Erica A., Kucharik, Christopher J., Monfreda, Chad, Patz, Jonathan A., Prentice, I. Colin, Ramankutty, Navin, and Snyder, Peter K.

Published
2005

30. Modeling Sustainability of Arctic Communities: An Interdisciplinary Collaboration of Researchers and Local Knowledge Holders

Author

Kruse, Jack A., White, Robert G., Epstein, Howard E., Archie, Billy, Berman, Matt, Braund, Stephen R., Chapin,, F. Stuart, Charlie,, Johnny, Daniel, Colin J., Eamer, Joan, Flanders, Nick, Griffith, Brad, Haley, Sharman, Huskey, Lee, Joseph, Bernice, Klein, David R., Kofinas, Gary P., Martin, Stephanie M., Murphy, Stephen M., Nebesky, William, Nicolson, Craig, Russell, Don E., Tetlichi, Joe, Tussing, Arlon, Walker, Marilyn D., and Young, Oran R.

Published
2004

35. Perspectives on the scientific legacy of J. Philip Grime

Author

Fridley, Jason D., primary, Liu, Xiaojuan, additional, Pérez‐Harguindeguy, Natalia, additional, Chapin, F. Stuart, additional, Crawley, Mick, additional, De Deyn, Gerlinde, additional, Díaz, Sandra, additional, Grace, James B., additional, Grubb, Peter, additional, Harrison, Susan, additional, Lavorel, Sandra, additional, Liu, Zhimin, additional, Pierce, Simon, additional, Schmid, Bernhard, additional, Stevens, Carly, additional, Wardle, David A., additional, and Westoby, Mark, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Changing feedbacks in the climate-biosphere system

Author

Chapin, F Stuart, Randerson, James T, McGuire, A David, Foley, Jonathan A, and Field, Christopher B

Subjects
carbon sequestration, climate change, cooling, energy balance, greenhouse gas, Kyoto Protocol, water budget
Abstract

Ecosystems influence climate through multiple pathways, primarily by changing the energy, water, and greenhouse-gas balance of the atmosphere. Consequently, efforts to mitigate climate change through modification of one pathway, as with carbon in the Kyoto Protocol, only partially address the issue of ecosystem–climate interactions. For example, the cooling of climate that results from carbon sequestration by plants may be partially offset by reduced land albedo, which increases solar energy absorption and warms the climate. The relative importance of these effects varies with spatial scale and latitude. We suggest that consideration of multiple interactions and feedbacks could lead to novel, potentially useful climate-mitigation strategies, including greenhouse-gas reductions primarily in industrialized nations, reduced desertification in arid zones, and reduced deforestation in the tropics. Each of these strategies has additional ecological and societal benefits. Assessing the effectiveness of these strategies requires a more quantitative understanding of the interactions among feedback processes, their consequences at local and global scales, and the teleconnections that link changes occurring in different regions.

Published
2008

44. Recovery of Aboveground Plant Biomass and Productivity After Fire in Mesic and Dry Black Spruce Forests of Interior Alaska

Author

Mack, Michelle C, Treseder, Kathleen K, Manies, Kristen L, Harden, Jennifer W, Schuur, Edward AG, Vogel, Jason G, Randerson, James T, and Chapin, F Stuart

Subjects
Zoology, Biological Sciences, boreal forest, fire, soil drainage, biomass accumulation, aboveground net primary production, plant species composition, Environmental Sciences, Ecology
Abstract

Plant biomass accumulation and productivity are important determinants of ecosystem carbon (C) balance during post-fire succession. In boreal black spruce (Picea mariana) forests near Delta Junction, Alaska, we quantified aboveground plant biomass and net primary productivity (ANPP) for 4 years after a 1999 wildfire in a well-drained (dry) site, and also across a dry and a moderately well-drained (mesic) chronosequence of sites that varied in time since fire (2 to ~116 years). Four years after fire, total biomass at the 1999 burn site had increased exponentially to 160 ± 21 g m⁻² (mean ± 1SE) and vascular ANPP had recovered to 138 ± 32 g m⁻² y⁻¹, which was not different than that of a nearby unburned stand (160 ± 48 g m⁻² y⁻¹) that had similar pre-fire stand structure and understory composition. Production in the young site was dominated by re-sprouting graminoids, whereas production in the unburned site was dominated by black spruce. On the dry and mesic chronosequences, total biomass pools, including overstory and understory vascular and non-vascular plants, and lichens, increased logarithmically (dry) or linearly (mesic) with increasing site age, reaching a maximum of 2469 ± 180 (dry) and 4008 ± 233 g m⁻² (mesic) in mature stands. Biomass differences were primarily due to higher tree density in the mesic sites because mass per tree was similar between sites. ANPP of vascular and non-vascular plants increased linearly over time in the mesic chronosequence to 335 ± 68 g m⁻² y⁻¹ in the mature site, but in the dry chronosequence it peaked at 410 ± 43 g m⁻² y⁻¹ in a 15-year-old stand dominated by deciduous trees and shrubs. Key factors regulating biomass accumulation and production in these ecosystems appear to be the abundance and composition of re-sprouting species early in succession, the abundance of deciduous trees and shrubs in intermediate aged stands, and the density of black spruce across all stand ages. A better understanding of the controls over these factors will help predict how changes in climate and fire regime will affect the carbon balance of Interior Alaska.

Published
2008

49. Contributors

Author

Abney, Rebecca, primary, Anderson, Jill T., additional, Andriuzzi, Walter, additional, Barnes, Morgan, additional, Benavides, Katherine, additional, Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw, additional, Bogie, Nathaniel, additional, Bradford, Mark A., additional, Callaham, Mac A., additional, Campbell, John L., additional, Carey, Joanna, additional, Carrell, Alyssa A., additional, Cavaleri, Molly A., additional, Cowden, Charles C., additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, DeAngelis, Kristen M., additional, Frankson, Paul T., additional, Frey, Serita, additional, Ghezzehei, Teamrat A., additional, Giardina, Christian P., additional, Groffman, Peter M., additional, Hannifin, Robert, additional, Harte, John, additional, Jabis, Meredith D., additional, Jiang, Lifen, additional, Jin, Lixia, additional, Khan, Shafkat, additional, Kivlin, Stephanie N., additional, Kueppers, Lara M., additional, Lubetkin, Kaitlin C., additional, Ludwig, Sarah, additional, Luo, Yiqi, additional, Machmuller, Megan B., additional, MacTavish, Rachel, additional, Melillo, Jerry M., additional, Mohan, Jacqueline E., additional, Moore, John C., additional, Moreland, Kimber, additional, Natali, Sue, additional, Nottingham, Andrew T., additional, Pold, Grace, additional, Pressler, Yamina, additional, Reed, Sasha C., additional, Romero-Olivares, Adriana, additional, Roy Chowdhury, Priyanka, additional, Rudgers, Jennifer A., additional, Rustad, Lindsey E., additional, Salmon, Verity, additional, Sanders-DeMott, Rebecca, additional, Santos, Fernanda, additional, Schuur, Ted, additional, Shao, Junjiong, additional, Shefferson, Richard P., additional, Shi, Zheng, additional, Simpson, Rodney, additional, Slot, Martijn, additional, Snyder, Bruce A., additional, Chapin, F. Stuart, additional, Sulman, Benjamin N., additional, Suseela, Vidya, additional, Tang, Jianwu, additional, Templer, Pamela H., additional, Todd-Brown, Katherine, additional, van Gestel, Natasja, additional, Wadgymar, Susana M., additional, Wall, Diana H., additional, Winkler, Daniel E., additional, Wood, Tana E., additional, Yang, Yan, additional, Zhou, Xuhui, additional, and Zhou, Zhenghu, additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results