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11. Current Perspectives on Chemical Sciences Vol. 1

Author

Vartale, S. P., additional, Kalyankar, B. D., additional, Sachin, K. M., additional, Karpe, Sameer Arvind, additional, Singh, Man, additional, Bhattarai, Ajaya, additional, Miranda, Izabel L., additional, Sartori, Suélen K., additional, Diaz, Marisa A. N., additional, Diaz-Muñoz, Gaspar, additional, Noordin, Muhammad Akram Mohd, additional, Jamar, Nur Hidayah, additional, Sanusi, Siti Aisyah, additional, Azfaralariff, Ahmad, additional, Noor, Mahanem Mat, additional, Lazim, Azwan Mat, additional, Dyari, Herryawan Ryadi Eziwar, additional, Othman, Babul Airianah, additional, Law, Douglas, additional, Sidik, Nik Marzuki, additional, Cheah, Yew Hoong, additional, Lim, Yi Chieh, additional, Fazry, Shazrul, additional, Kaempfer, Raymond, additional, Arad, Gila, additional, Levy, Revital, additional, Hillman, Dalia, additional, Nasie, Iris, additional, Rotfogel, Ziv, additional, Sakhare, D. T., additional, Anarado, Chigozie John Onyinye, additional, Anarado, Charity Ebere, additional, Izuagbachukwu, Benjamin Chimezie, additional, Ogu, Uzorchukwu Michael, additional, Maduka, Amarachi, additional, Egwuatu, Chinyelu Ijeamaka, additional, Onwukeme, Valentine Ifenna, additional, Chakchak, Hind, additional, Zineddine, Hamid, additional, Chaouch, Aziz, additional, Shah, Sujit Kumar, additional, Chatterjee, Sujeet Kumar, additional, Joshi, Deepti, additional, Chandra, Madhup, additional, Verma, Geeta, additional, Beulah, S. Sophie, additional, and Muthukumaran, K., additional

Published
2020
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14. Diagnostic Performance of Individual Symptoms to Predict SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Positivity and Symptom Persistence among Suspects Presenting in Primary Care during the First Wave of COVID-19

Author

Savoy, Mona, primary, Kopp, Benoît, additional, Chaouch, Aziz, additional, Cohidon, Christine, additional, Gouveia, Alexandre, additional, Lombardo, Patrick, additional, Maeder, Muriel, additional, Payot, Sylvie, additional, Perdrix, Jean, additional, Schwarz, Joëlle, additional, Senn, Nicolas, additional, and Mueller, Yolanda, additional

Published
2023
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18. Integration of Speed and Quality in Measuring Graphomotor Skills: The Zurich Graphomotor Test

Author

Knaier, Elisa, Chaouch, Aziz, Caflisch, Jon A, Rousson, Valentin, Kakebeeke, Tanja H, Jenni, Oskar G, and University of Zurich

Subjects
Adult, Male, Schools, Adolescent, 610 Medicine & health, 3609 Occupational Therapy, Young Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Occupational Therapy, 10036 Medical Clinic, Child, Preschool, Visual Perception, Humans, Female, Child
Abstract

Importance: In educational settings, children are under pressure to finish their work successfully within required time frames. Existing tools for assessing graphomotor skills measure either quality or speed of performance, and the speed–accuracy trade-off (SAT) in such tools has never been investigated. Objective: We aimed to evaluate a newly developed tool for measuring graphomotor skills, the Zurich Graphomotor Test (ZGT), that assesses both speed and quality of performance. We also explored whether graphomotor tests are affected by the SAT and, if so, the effects it has on graphomotor test results. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Educational institutions in Switzerland. Participants: Children, adolescents, and young adults (N = 547) ages 4–22 yr (50.3% female). Outcomes and Measures: Graphomotor performance was measured with the ZGT and the Developmental Test of Visual Perception, Second Edition (DVTP–2). Standard deviation scores were used to quantify performance. We combined ZGT speed and quality measurements into a performance score adjusted for age and sex. Results: ZGT results indicated a marked developmental trend in graphomotor performance; older children were faster than younger children. Girls showed higher overall performance than boys. The pattern of making more mistakes when being faster and making fewer mistakes when being slower was observed for both graphomotor tests, regardless of time pressure, indicating that the SAT affected the children’s scores on both tests. Conclusions and Relevance: SAT is influential in graphomotor assessment. The ZGT captures this trade-off by combining accuracy and speed measurements into one score that provides a realistic assessment of graphomotor skills. What This Article Adds: The newly developed ZGT provides occupational therapy practitioners with more precise information on graphomotor skills in children, adolescents, and young adults than currently available tools.

Published
2022

21. Zurich Graphomotor Test

Author

Knaier, Elisa, primary, Chaouch, Aziz, additional, Caflisch, Jon A., additional, Rousson, Valentin, additional, Kakebeeke, Tanja H., additional, and Jenni, Oskar G., additional

Published
2022
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28. Impact of genetic and nongenetic factors on body mass index and waist-hip ratio change in HIV-infected individuals initiating antiretroviral therapy

Author

Barceló, Catalina, Guidi, Monia, Thorball, Christian W, Hammer, Christian, Chaouch, Aziz, Scherrer, Alexandra U, Hasse, Barbara, Cavassini, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Calmy, Alexandra, Haubitz, Sebastian, Bernasconi, Enos, Buclin, Thierry, Fellay, Jacques, Tarr, Philip E, Csajka, Chantal, Swiss HIV Cohort Study, University of Zurich, and Csajka, Chantal

Subjects
10028 Institute of Medical Virology, 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 2728 Neurology (clinical), 610 Medicine & health, 2730 Oncology
Published
2020

32. Evaluation de l’impact des nouvelles Directives et recommandations architecturales des établissements médico-sociaux vaudois (DAEMS) sur la satisfaction des usagers

Author

Bize, Raphaël, Chaouch, Aziz, Cominetti, Fabrizio, Camain, Jean-Yves, Paccaud, Fred, Gonseth Nussle, Semira, and Rousson, Valentin

Subjects
Systèmes de santé : politiques et organisations
Abstract

L'environnement construit contribue à influencer la santé des individus, selon l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé. L'architecture des établissements médico-sociaux (EMS) peut, elle aussi, produire un impact sur le bien-être et la satisfaction des résident-e-s et des autres usagers. Dans le canton de Vaud, des normes architecturales de construction des EMS (les Directives et recommandations architecturales des établissements médico-sociaux, DAEMS) ont été créées en 2003 afin d'optimiser la conception des EMS par rapport aux besoins des usagers. Notre étude a pour but de vérifier si les EMS construits selon les DAEMS sont associés avec une satisfaction accrue des usagers par rapport aux EMS qui n'ont pas été construits selon ces directives. "Le but de la présente étude est de vérifier si le fait de construire les EMS selon les DAEMS est associé avec une plus grande satisfaction chez les usagers par rapport aux EMS qui n'ont pas été construits selon les DAEMS. Nous avons effectué une comparaison de la satisfaction auprès des trois-publics qui sont les principaux usagers des EMS, à savoir les résident-e-s, leurs proches de référence, et les professionnel-le-s en EMS. Trente EMS ont participé à l'étude, à savoir dix construits selon les DAEMS (EMS « DAEMS »), et vingt qui n'ont pas été construits selon les DAEMS (EMS « non-DAEMS »). Ce rapport a été défini pour garantir une bonne validité statistique des résultats"

Published
2016
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33. Impact of age, sex, socioeconomic status, and physical activity on associated movements and motor speed in preschool children

Author

Kakebeeke, Tanja H., primary, Zysset, Annina E., additional, Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, additional, Chaouch, Aziz, additional, Stülb, Kerstin, additional, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., additional, Schmutz, Einat A., additional, Arhab, Amar, additional, Rousson, Valentin, additional, Kriemler, Susi, additional, Munsch, Simone, additional, Puder, Jardena J., additional, and Jenni, Oskar G., additional

Published
2017
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36. Impact of age, sex, socioeconomic status, and physical activity on associated movements and motor speed in preschool children.

Author

Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Zysset, Annina E., Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Chaouch, Aziz, Stülb, Kerstin, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Arhab, Amar, Rousson, Valentin, Kriemler, Susi, Munsch, Simone, Puder, Jardena J., and Jenni, Oskar G.

Subjects
PSYCHOLOGY of preschool children, PHYSICAL activity, MOTOR ability, PSYCHOLOGICAL aspects of aging, SOCIAL status
Abstract

Introduction: Young children generally show contralateral associated movements (CAMs) when they are making an effort to perform a unimanual task. CAM and motor speed are two relevant aspects of motor proficiency in young children. These CAMs decrease over age, while motor speed increases. As both CAM and motor speed are associated with age, we were interested in whether these two parameters are also linked with each other.Method: In this study, three manual dexterity tasks with the dominant and nondominant hands (pegboard, repetitive hand, and repetitive finger tasks) were used to investigate the effect of covariates (age, sex, socioeconomic status, total physical activity) on both motor speed and CAMs in preschool children.Results: There was a significant age effect for both motor speed and CAMs in all tasks when the dominant hand was used. When the nondominant hand was used, the decrease in the intensity of CAMs over age was not consistently significant. The influence of physical activity and socioeconomic status on motor proficiency was small. Furthermore, the correlation between motor speed and CAMs, although significant, was low.Conclusions: Motor speed improved with age over three fine motor tasks in preschool children. Decrease in CAMs was observed but it was not always significant when the nondominant hand was working. Motor speed and CAMs were only weakly associated. We conclude that the excitatory pathways responsible for motor speed and inhibitory pathways responsible for reducing CAMs occupy two different domains in the brain and therefore mostly behave independently of each other. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2018
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39. Use of a Human-Like Low-Grade Bacteremia Model of Experimental Endocarditis To Study the Role of Staphylococcus aureus Adhesins and Platelet Aggregation in Early Endocarditis

Author

Veloso, Tiago Rafael, primary, Chaouch, Aziz, additional, Roger, Thierry, additional, Giddey, Marlyse, additional, Vouillamoz, Jacques, additional, Majcherczyk, Paul, additional, Que, Yok-Ai, additional, Rousson, Valentin, additional, Moreillon, Philippe, additional, and Entenza, José Manuel, additional

Published
2013
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43. Use of a Human-Like Low-Grade Bacteremia Model of Experimental Endocarditis To Study the Role of Staphylococcus aureusAdhesins and Platelet Aggregation in Early Endocarditis

Author

Veloso, Tiago Rafael, Chaouch, Aziz, Roger, Thierry, Giddey, Marlyse, Vouillamoz, Jacques, Majcherczyk, Paul, Que, Yok-Ai, Rousson, Valentin, Moreillon, Philippe, and Entenza, José Manuel

Abstract

ABSTRACTAnimal models of infective endocarditis (IE) induced by high-grade bacteremia revealed the pathogenic roles of Staphylococcus aureussurface adhesins and platelet aggregation in the infection process. In humans, however, S. aureusIE possibly occurs through repeated bouts of low-grade bacteremia from a colonized site or intravenous device. Here we used a rat model of IE induced by continuous low-grade bacteremia to explore further the contributions of S. aureusvirulence factors to the initiation of IE. Rats with aortic vegetations were inoculated by continuous intravenous infusion (0.0017 ml/min over 10 h) with 106CFU of Lactococcus lactispIL253 or a recombinant L. lactisstrain expressing an individual S. aureussurface protein (ClfA, FnbpA, BCD, or SdrE) conferring a particular adhesive or platelet aggregation property. Vegetation infection was assessed 24 h later. Plasma was collected at 0, 2, and 6 h postinoculation to quantify the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 1a (IL-1a), IL-1ß, IL-6, and IL-10. The percentage of vegetation infection relative to that with strain pIL253 (11%) increased when binding to fibrinogen was conferred on L. lactis(ClfA strain) (52%; P= 0.007) and increased further with adhesion to fibronectin (FnbpA strain) (75%; P< 0.001). Expression of fibronectin binding alone was not sufficient to induce IE (BCD strain) (10% of infection). Platelet aggregation increased the risk of vegetation infection (SdrE strain) (30%). Conferring adhesion to fibrinogen and fibronectin favored IL-1ß and IL-6 production. Our results, with a model of IE induced by low-grade bacteremia, resembling human disease, extend the essential role of fibrinogen binding in the initiation of S. aureusIE. Triggering of platelet aggregation or an inflammatory response may contribute to or promote the development of IE.

Published
2013
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44. Impact of Genetic and Nongenetic Factors on Body Mass Index and Waist-Hip Ratio Change in HIV-Infected Individuals Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy

Author

Barceló, Catalina, Guidi, Monia, Thorball, Christian W, Hammer, Christian, Chaouch, Aziz, Scherrer, Alexandra U, Hasse, Barbara, Cavassini, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Calmy, Alexandra, Haubitz, Sebastian, Bernasconi, Enos, Buclin, Thierry, Fellay, Jacques, Tarr, Philip E, and Csajka, Chantal

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, 610 Medicine & health, 3. Good health
Abstract

Objective There is limited data on abdominal obesity and the influence of genetics on weight change after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. We assessed body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ration (WHR) change over time in the Swiss HIV Cohort study (SHCS). Methods Mixed-effects models characterizing BMI and WHR change over time in 1090 SHCS participants initiating ART between 2005 and 2015 were developed and used to quantify the influence of demographics, clinical factors, and genetic background. Results Individuals with CD4 nadir

45. [Analysis of Excess Mortality in Switzerland in 2020 before the 2 nd Wave of COVID-19].

Author

Rousson V, Chaouch A, and Bochud M

Subjects
Humans, Mortality, SARS-CoV-2, Switzerland epidemiology, COVID-19, Epidemics
Abstract

An analysis of excess mortality in Switzerland in 2020 before the 2nd wave of COVID-19 is proposed by comparing the number of deaths observed in 2020 with those of the last five years, while taking into account population growth. Three periods are identified : before, during and after the 1st wave of COVID-19. Over all these periods, a sub-mortality of -3.3 % is obtained at the national level. However, if we restrict the analysis to the period during the first wave and to the cantons most affected by the virus, we obtain an important excess mortality, up to more than 80 % in Ticino, showing that these calculations depend crucially on when, where and for whom the deaths are counted. Such an analysis will have to be repeated once the 2nd wave is over in order to estimate the overall impact of the epidemic on excess mortality in Switzerland., Competing Interests: Les auteurs n’ont déclaré aucun conflit d’intérêts en relation avec cet article.

Published
2021

46. Impact of Genetic and Nongenetic Factors on Body Mass Index and Waist-Hip Ratio Change in HIV-Infected Individuals Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy.

Author

Barceló C, Guidi M, Thorball CW, Hammer C, Chaouch A, Scherrer AU, Hasse B, Cavassini M, Furrer H, Calmy A, Haubitz S, Bernasconi E, Buclin T, Fellay J, Tarr PE, and Csajka C

Abstract

Objective: There is limited data on abdominal obesity and the influence of genetics on weight change after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. We assessed body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ration (WHR) change over time in the Swiss HIV Cohort study (SHCS)., Methods: Mixed-effects models characterizing BMI and WHR change over time in 1090 SHCS participants initiating ART between 2005 and 2015 were developed and used to quantify the influence of demographics, clinical factors, and genetic background., Results: Individuals with CD4 nadir <100 cells/µL gained 6.4 times more BMI than individuals with ≥200, and 2.8 times more WHR than individuals with ≥100 ( P < .001) during the first 1.5 and 2.5 years after ART initiation, respectively. The risk of being overweight or obese after 1.5 years increased with CD4 nadir <100 cells/µL compared to 100-199 (odds ratio [OR], 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.63-2.74) and ≥200 (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.26-2.32), persisting after 10 years of ART. The risk of abdominal obesity after 2.5 years increased with CD4 nadir <100 compared to ≥100 (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.17-1.54 [in men]; OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.18-1.57 [in women]), persisting after 10 years of ART. No significant differences were found across antiretroviral drug classes or genetic scores., Conclusions: The risk of general and abdominal obesity increased with CD4 nadir <100 cells/µL. Based on our results, including the genetic background would not improve obesity predictions in HIV-infected individuals., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Published
2020
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