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We propose a photonic crystal (PC) nanostructure that combines bound states In the continuum (BIC) with a high-quality factor up to 107 for emitting circularly polarized beams. We break the in-plane inversion symmetry of the unit cell by tilting the triangular hole of the hexagonal lattice, resulting in the conversion of a symmetrically protected BIC to a quasi-BIC. High-quality circularly polarized light is obtained efficiently by adjusting the tilt angles of the hole and the thickness of the PC layer. By changing the hole's geometry in the unit cell, the Q-factor of circularly polarized light is further improved. The quality factor can be adjusted from 6.0 × 103 to 1.7 × 107 by deliberately changing the shape of the holes. Notably, the proposed nanostructure exhibits a large bandgap, which significantly facilitates the generation of stable single-mode resonance. The proposed structure is anticipated to have practical applications in the field of laser technology, particularly in the advancement of low-threshold PC surface emitting lasers (PCSELs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanomedicines for immune modulation have made advancements in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, due to aberrations in patients' immune systems, inducing antigen-specific immune tolerance while halting disease progression remains a significant challenge. Here, we develop a highly targeted multifunctional nanocomplex, termed M2Exo@CuS-CitP-Rapa (M2CPR), with the aim of selectively inhibiting inflammatory immune reactions while promoting immune tolerance towards specific antigens. M2CPR specifically targets inflammatory tissues in RA, delivering CuS NPs, CitP, Rapa, and endogenous anti-inflammatory factors, thereby ameliorating the inflammatory joint microenvironment. CuS NPs induce Cuproptosis of activated T cells, whose fragments are engulfed by resident or recruited macrophages, resulting in abundant production of TGF-β. TGF-β acts synergistically with Rapa to induce the iDCs into tDCs. tDCs present CitP to Naive T cells, promoting Tregs differentiation. Tregs, in turn, produce more TGF-β, inducing tDCs differentiation, thereby establishing a cycle of immune tolerance. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, we validate that M2CPR can induce robust and durable antigen-specific immune tolerance, offering a new paradigm for RA therapy., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)