Search

Herein, a copper catalyzed asymmetric propargylation of 2-oxindole-3-carboxylate esters with terminal propargylic esters is described.

This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author. Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.

A one-pot four-component reaction of aldehyde, aromatic amine, and two equivalents of piperidine-2,4-dione was treated in ionic liquids of [BMIm]Br catalyzed by TsOH (p-toluenesulfonic acid), and g...

Gallium Nitride (GaN) PIN betavoltaic nuclear batteries (GB) are demonstrated in our work for the first time. GaN films are grown on sapphire substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), and then GaN PIN diodes are fabricated by normal micro-fabrication process. Nickel with mass number of 63 (63Ni), which emits β particles, is loaded on the GaN PIN diodes to achieve GB. Current-Voltage (I-V) characteristics shows that the GaN PIN diodes have leakage current of 18 pA at -10V due to consummate fabrication processes, and the open circuit voltage of the GB is estimated about 0.14 V and the short circuit current density is 89.2nAcm-2 . The relative limited performance of the GB is due to thick dead layer and strong backscattering of β particles, Which lead to less energy deposition in GB. However, the conversion efficiency of 1.6% and charge collection efficiency (CCE) of 100% for the GB have been obtained. Therefore, the output power of the GB are expected to greatly increase with thin dead layer and structural surface weakening the backscattering.

The crystal structure of 9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,3-dimethyl-10-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10- decahydroacridin-1,8-dione is determined by X-ray diffraction at 153(2) K. The title compound 1, C22H21N5O6, is triclinic, space group P-1, a = 9.6382(15) A, b = 11.5847(15) A, c = 12.4722(11) A, α = 66.075(9)°, β = 70.176(9)°, γ = 85.800(13)°, Z = 2, V = 1194.1(3) A3. It is interesting that the central pyridine ring of the acridine moiety is slightly distorted and adopts a boat conformation. The outer six-membered ring with two methyl groups adopts half-chair conformation, while another outer partially saturated six-membered ring adopts distorted boat form. In addition, the un-classical hydrogen bonds of C–H···O link the molecules forming polymers in the crystals. The crystal structure of 9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,3-dimethyl-10-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-decahydroacridin-1,8-dione is determined by X-ray diffraction. The title compound 1, C22H21N5O6, is triclinic, space group P-1, a = 9.6382 (15) A, b = 11.5847(15) A, c = 12.4722(11) A, α = 66.075(9) o, β = 70.176 (9) o, γ = 85.800 (13) o, Z = 2, V = 1194.1(3) A3. It is interesting that the central pyridine ring of the acridine moiety is slightly distorted and adopts a boat conformation. The outer six-membered ring with two methyl groups adopts half-chair conformation, while another outer partially saturated six-membered ring adopts distorted boat form. In addition, the un-classical hydrogen bonds of C–H···O link the molecules forming polymers in the crystals.

A mild, efficient and highly selective method for the synthesis of benzo[ F]quinoline derivatives via three-component reactions of arylaldehydes, naphthalen-2-amine and ketones or β-keto esters using iodine as catalyst is described. It should be noted that only one product was obtained, with high selectivity, when ketones or β-keto esters with two different α-hydrogen atoms were chosen as reactants.

In the search for better herbicides a series of 1-alkyl-3-(α-hydroxy-(un)substituted benzylidene)pyrrolidine-2,4-diones were prepared and their structure-activity relationships studied. All their structures have been confirmed by 1 H-NMR and elemental analysis. The preliminary bioassay results indicated that some of them have high herbicidal activity against annual dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants. Keywords: Pyrrolidine, herbicides, inhibition. Introduction The inhibitors of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD, EC 1.13.11.27) constitute a new kind of herbicides [1]. Generally, potent herbicides of this kind must possess the following structural features: 1) a tricarbonyl methane structure and one of the three carbonyl groups must be a subustituted benzoyl group; 2) the compound must be able to enolise so that the enolate is capable of inhibiting HPPD enzyme by competitive combination with Fe 2+ – the reaction center of HPPD enzyme [2]. Recently, we observed that the 3-acyltetramic acids form an expanding group of antibiotics and pigments derived from microorganisms [3]. They display a range of biological activities [4] and all compounds of this kind possess a tricarbonyl methane structure and can essentially enolise completely (the chemical shifts of their enolic hydroxyls were larger than 10). Tests of their antimicrobial activities indicated that the structure of the acyl substituent at the 3-position and possession of a 3

The title compounds 2-amino-3-cyano-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-2H-pyrano[3, 2-h]quinoline 1 (C19H12ClN3O, Mr = 333.77) and 2-amino-3-cyano-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-8-(2-chlorobenzylidene)-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydrobenzo[b]pyran 2 were synthesized and crystallized. The crystals of compound 1 are triclinic, space group P-1, a = 7.488(2), b = 9.127(3), c = 12.252(3) A, α = 73.58(2), β = 78.38(2)°, γ = 75.39(2), Z = 2, V = 769.5(4) A3; The compound 2 crystallizes in space group P21/n, with cell parameters a = 13.582(2), b = 8.974(1), c = 16.960(2) A, β = 103.34(1)° and Dcalc = 1.352 g/cm−3 for Z = 4. X-ray analysis reveals that atoms C(1)—C(5) and O form a pyran ring in compound 1, which adopts half-chair conformation. In compound 2 the atoms C(12)—C(16) and O form a pyran ring which adopts boat conformation, another six-membered ring (C(8)—C(13)) adopts a half-chair conformation. In addition, there are intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the crystal structures 1 and 2.

The title compound, C19H17N3, was synthesized by the reaction of 4-methylbenzaldehyde and cyclohexane with malononitrile under solvent-free conditions at 293 K. Conformational disorder is observed in the cyclohexene ring and both the major and minor components adopt half-chair conformations. N—H...N hydrogen bonds generate a centrosymmetric R 2 2(12) dimer.

The title compound, C16H15F3N2O3, is composed of a 3-(tri­fluoro­methyl)­phenyl ring and a pyridazinone ring, which are approximately coplanar, and an ethyl acetate group on the pyridazinone ring. In the crystal structure, centrosymmetric­ally related mol­ecules form dimers through non-classical intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

The tetra­hydro­pyrimidine ring of the title mol­ecule, C12H14N2OS, adopts a half-chair conformation. In the crystal structure, the mol­ecules are linked to form centrosymmetric­ally related hydrogen-bonded dimers.

The tetra­hydro­pyrimidine ring of the title mol­ecule, C11H11ClN2OS, adopts a half-chair conformation. In the crystal structure, the mol­ecules are linked to form centrosymmetric hydrogen-bonded dimers.

The title compound, C15H17NO4, is a potent new herbicide containing the pyrrolidine-2,4-dione ring system. In the crystalline state, the molecular skeleton contains one enol grouping, which is intramolecularly hydrogen bonded to a neighboring keto O atom.

The title compound, C18H15NO3, is a potent new herbicide containing the pyrrolidine-2,4-dione ring system. In the crystalline state, the molecular skeleton contains one enol hydrogen-bonded moiety, formed from benzoyl Czdbnd;O isomerization.

Three-component reaction of aldehyde, 1H-indazol-6-amine and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds in EtOH under catalyst-free conditions, generates the corresponding pyrazolo[3,4-a]acridine, cyclopenta[b]pyrazolo[3,4-f]quinoline, indeno[1,2-b]pyrazolo[3,4-f]quinoline and benzo[h]pyrazolo[3,4-a]acridine derivatives in high yields and regioselectivity, respectively. The dicarbonyl compounds include 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione, cyclopentane-1,3-dione, 2H-indene- 1,3-dione and 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione.

The title compound, C14H11ClN2O3S, with fused thiophene and pyran rings, was synthesized via the condensation of dihydrothiophen-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide and 2-(3-chlorobenzylidene)malononitrile catalysed by triethylamine in ethanol. The thiophene ring adopts an envelope conformation and the pyran ring is planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0067 Å). The dihedral angle between the pyran and phenyl rings is 80.8 (1)°. The crystal packing is stabilized by intermolecular N—H...N and N—H...O hydrogen bonds in which the cyano N and sulphone O atoms, respectively, acting as acceptors.

In the title compound, C16H13N3O, the tetrahydropyrimidinone ring adopts a sofa conformation. In the crystal structure, molecules are linked by N—H...N hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions.

In the title compound, C7H8N3+·C10H6F3O2−, 1H-benzoimidazol-2-amine system adopts a planar conformation with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.0174 Å. The cation and anion in the asymmetric unit are linked by N—H...O hydrogen bonds. There are also additional intermolecular N—H...O hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking interactions between the phenyl rings of neighbouring anions with centroid–centroid distances of 4.0976 (13) Å.

A series of 3-[(α-hydroxy-substituted) benzylidene]pyrrolidine-2,4-dione derivatives were synthesized as candidate herbicides by reacting different aroyl acetates with N-substituted glycine esters. The new compounds were identified by 1H NMR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. Their herbicidal activities were evaluated. Some compounds exhibited excellent herbicidal activities at a dose of 187.5 g/ha. A suitable electron-donating substituent at the 2- and/or 4-position of the phenyl ring was essential for high herbicidal activity, a result that has not been reported before. It was also found that the title compound's structure−activity relationships were different from those of other similar kinds of earlier compounds, a result that may depend on the enol structure difference. Keywords: Herbicide; aroyl acetate; HPPD; electron-donating group; structure−activity relationship (SAR)

The Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes was carried out in DMF as solvent on KF-Montmorillonite catalyst, using malononitrile and ethyl cyanoacetate as the acidic methylene reagents. Only the e isomers of the products were obtained and confirmed by X-ray analysis.

The title compound, C20H12Br2N2·0.5C14H12Br2O2, was synthesized by the one-pot reaction of benzofurazan oxide and 1,2-bis(4-bromophenyl)ethane-1,2-dione induced by a low-valent titanium reagent. X-ray analysis reveals that the 1,2-bis(4-bromophenyl)ethane-1,2-diol molecule is located on an inversion centre. The molecules are linked via O—H...N hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions.

The title compound, C23H25Cl2NO2, was synthesized by the reaction of 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione with 3,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde and ammonium acetate under solvent-free conditions at 353 K. X-ray analysis reveals that the dihydropyridine and cyclohexene rings adopt envelope conformations.

The title compound, C25H20Cl2O2, was synthesized by the reaction of 3,4-dihydro­naphthalen-1(2H)-one with 3-(3,4-dichloro­phen­yl)-1-phenyl­prop-2-en-1-one under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. X-ray analysis reveals that the cyclo­hexa­none ring adopts an envelope conformation

The tetra­hydro­pyrimidine ring of the title mol­ecule, C11H11FN2OS, adopts a half-chair conformation. In the crystal structure, the mol­ecules are linked to form centrosymmetric hydrogen-bonded dimers.

In the title compound, C20H13F3N4O4, the fused pyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazole ring system is nearly planar, with a maximum deviation from the mean plane of 0.126 (1) Å. Molecules are linked by C—H...N and C—H...O hydrogen bonds and by π–π interactions with interplanar distances of 3.2661 (6) and 3.2775 (6) Å.