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3. Evolving contact mechanics and microstructure formation dynamics of the lithium metal-Li7La3Zr2O12 interface.

Author

Chang, Wesley, May, Richard, Wang, Michael, Thorsteinsson, Gunnar, Sakamoto, Jeff, Marbella, Lauren, and Steingart, Daniel

Abstract

The dynamic behavior of the interface between the lithium metal electrode and a solid-state electrolyte plays a critical role in all-solid-state battery performance. The evolution of this interface throughout cycling involves multiscale mechanical and chemical heterogeneity at the micro- and nano-scale. These features are dependent on operating conditions such as current density and stack pressure. Here we report the coupling of operando acoustic transmission measurements with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging to correlate changes in interfacial mechanics (such as contact loss and crack formation) with the growth of lithium microstructures during cell cycling. Together, the techniques reveal the chemo-mechanical behavior that governs lithium metal and Li7La3Zr2O12 interfacial dynamics at various stack pressure regimes and with voltage polarization.

Published
2021

6. Aligning lithium metal battery research and development across academia and industry

Author

Hatzell, Kelsey, Chang, Wesley, Bao, Wurigumula, Cai, Mei, Glossmann, Tobias, Kalnaus, Sergiy, Liaw, Boryann, Meng, Ying Shirley, Mohtadi, Rana, and Wang, Yujun

Abstract

Successful integration of metallic lithium anodes into secondary batteries could enhance energy density and enable new forms of electrified transportation. However, the outlook for widespread lithium metal adoption in energy storage devices remains mixed. This comes in part from existing gaps in our understanding of the relationships connecting the initial state of lithium, its evolution with cycling, and end-of-life state. It remains important to develop standardized protocols for material and cell characterization, cycling performance, safety, and recycling procedures for lithium metal-based batteries. In February 2023 a cohort of scientists and engineers from academia, national laboratories, and industry gathered to converge on a list of critical challenges and action items to provide better understanding of lithium metal evolution and to enhance academic, governmental, and industrial partnerships to address these challenges. Here, we highlight the major discussion topics revolving around the manufacturing of lithium metal, its related metrology and integration into battery form factors, and best practices testing its electrochemical performance relevant to automotive applications. We introduce a power-controlled discharge testing protocol for research and development cells, in alignment between major automotive stakeholders, that may reveal lithium metal battery dynamics closer to practical driving behavior.

Published
2024
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7. Rack shadows and their invariants

Author

Chang, Wesley and Nelson, Sam

Subjects
Mathematics - Geometric Topology, Mathematics - Quantum Algebra, 57M27, 57M25
Abstract

A rack shadow is a set X with a rack action by a rack R, analogous to a vector space over a field. We use shadow colorings of classical link diagrams to define enhanced rack counting invariants and show that the enhanced invariants are stronger than unenhanced counting invariants., Comment: 9 pages

Published
2009

8. Relating Chemo-Mechanical Hysteresis and Formation Protocols for Anode-Free Lithium Metal Batteries.

Author

Chang, Wesley, Thorsteinsson, Gunnar, Janakiraman, Umamaheswari, Chowdhury, Rahul Reza, Herman, Zoe, Katzman, Libby, and Steingart, Daniel A.

Abstract

Cell formation is an energy and time-intensive empirically-guided process crucial to manufacturing secondary lithium-ion batteries. As the rechargeable battery industry moves towards manufacturing lithium metal batteries—where a metallic lithium negative electrode is used instead of a porous graphite composite—the cell formation process may need reconsidering. The effects of formation rate and cycling protocol on lithium metal battery performance are poorly understood. In this work, we used operando acoustic transmission to measure physical changes during the formation cycles and the effect of formation cycling protocols on the long-term cycling of anode-free lithium metal pouch cells—where all the lithium inventory comes from the positive electrode and is deposited as metallic lithium on copper foil during initial charge. We show that a faster C/3 formation protocol results in comparable cycling performance and cell stiffness change to a slower C/10 formation step. Variations in acoustic metrics across different electrolytes tested are attributed to differences in gas formation, cell swelling, and lithium deposition morphology. NMC811 cathodes paired with a high-concentration ether electrolyte are shown to be particularly prone to gas formation, which is mitigated by using a localized high-concentration ether electrolyte and single-crystal NMC532. The results highlight differences in formation behavior between anode-free lithium metal cells and lithium-ion cells. These are important to consider when bringing new manufacturing plants online for lithium metal batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Fluorescent Nanodiamonds

Author

Huan-Cheng Chang, Wesley Wei-Wen Hsiao, Meng-Chih Su and Huan-Cheng Chang, Wesley Wei-Wen Hsiao, Meng-Chih Su

Published
2018

12. Physical Models Have Gender-Specific Effects on Student Understanding of Protein Structure-Function Relationships

Author

Forbes-Lorman, Robin M., Harris, Michelle A., Chang, Wesley S., Dent, Erik W., Nordheim, Erik V., and Franzen, Margaret A.

Abstract

Understanding how basic structural units influence function is identified as a foundational/core concept for undergraduate biological and biochemical literacy. It is essential for students to understand this concept at all size scales, but it is often more difficult for students to understand structure-function relationships at the molecular level, which they cannot as effectively visualize. Students need to develop accurate, 3-dimensional mental models of biomolecules to understand how biomolecular structure affects cellular functions at the molecular level, yet most traditional curricular tools such as textbooks include only 2-dimensional representations. We used a controlled, backward design approach to investigate how hand-held physical molecular model use affected students' ability to logically predict structure-function relationships. Brief (one class period) physical model use increased quiz score for females, whereas there was no significant increase in score for males using physical models. Females also self-reported higher learning gains in their understanding of context-specific protein function. Gender differences in spatial visualization may explain the gender-specific benefits of physical model use observed.

Published
2016
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13. Supplementary Figure Legends and Supplementary Table. from AMG 595, an Anti-EGFRvIII Antibody–Drug Conjugate, Induces Potent Antitumor Activity against EGFRvIII-Expressing Glioblastoma

Author

Hamblett, Kevin J., primary, Kozlosky, Carl J., primary, Siu, Sophia, primary, Chang, Wesley S., primary, Liu, Hua, primary, Foltz, Ian N., primary, Trueblood, Esther S., primary, Meininger, David, primary, Arora, Taruna, primary, Twomey, Brian, primary, Vonderfecht, Steven L., primary, Chen, Qing, primary, Hill, John S., primary, and Fanslow, William C., primary

Published
2023
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14. Data from AMG 595, an Anti-EGFRvIII Antibody–Drug Conjugate, Induces Potent Antitumor Activity against EGFRvIII-Expressing Glioblastoma

Author

Hamblett, Kevin J., primary, Kozlosky, Carl J., primary, Siu, Sophia, primary, Chang, Wesley S., primary, Liu, Hua, primary, Foltz, Ian N., primary, Trueblood, Esther S., primary, Meininger, David, primary, Arora, Taruna, primary, Twomey, Brian, primary, Vonderfecht, Steven L., primary, Chen, Qing, primary, Hill, John S., primary, and Fanslow, William C., primary

Published
2023
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15. Supplementary Figure S1 from AMG 595, an Anti-EGFRvIII Antibody–Drug Conjugate, Induces Potent Antitumor Activity against EGFRvIII-Expressing Glioblastoma

Author

Hamblett, Kevin J., primary, Kozlosky, Carl J., primary, Siu, Sophia, primary, Chang, Wesley S., primary, Liu, Hua, primary, Foltz, Ian N., primary, Trueblood, Esther S., primary, Meininger, David, primary, Arora, Taruna, primary, Twomey, Brian, primary, Vonderfecht, Steven L., primary, Chen, Qing, primary, Hill, John S., primary, and Fanslow, William C., primary

Published
2023
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16. Data from SLC46A3 Is Required to Transport Catabolites of Noncleavable Antibody Maytansine Conjugates from the Lysosome to the Cytoplasm

Author

Hamblett, Kevin J., primary, Jacob, Allison P., primary, Gurgel, Jesse L., primary, Tometsko, Mark E., primary, Rock, Brooke M., primary, Patel, Sonal K., primary, Milburn, Robert R., primary, Siu, Sophia, primary, Ragan, Seamus P., primary, Rock, Dan A., primary, Borths, Christopher J., primary, O'Neill, Jason W., primary, Chang, Wesley S., primary, Weidner, Margaret F., primary, Bio, Matthew M., primary, Quon, Kim C., primary, and Fanslow, William C., primary

Published
2023
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17. Data from Antibody-Drug Conjugates for the Treatment of Non–Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Target and Linker-Drug Selection

Author

Polson, Andrew G., primary, Calemine-Fenaux, Jill, primary, Chan, Pamela, primary, Chang, Wesley, primary, Christensen, Erin, primary, Clark, Suzanna, primary, de Sauvage, Frederic J., primary, Eaton, Dan, primary, Elkins, Kristi, primary, Elliott, J. Michael, primary, Frantz, Gretchen, primary, Fuji, Reina N., primary, Gray, Alane, primary, Harden, Kristin, primary, Ingle, Gladys S., primary, Kljavin, Noelyn M., primary, Koeppen, Hartmut, primary, Nelson, Christopher, primary, Prabhu, Saileta, primary, Raab, Helga, primary, Ross, Sarajane, primary, Stephan, Jean-Philippe, primary, Scales, Suzie J., primary, Spencer, Susan D., primary, Vandlen, Richard, primary, Wranik, Bernd, primary, Yu, Shang-Fan, primary, Zheng, Bing, primary, and Ebens, Allen, primary

Published
2023
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18. Supplementary Figure 1 from Antibody-Drug Conjugates for the Treatment of Non–Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Target and Linker-Drug Selection

Author

Polson, Andrew G., primary, Calemine-Fenaux, Jill, primary, Chan, Pamela, primary, Chang, Wesley, primary, Christensen, Erin, primary, Clark, Suzanna, primary, de Sauvage, Frederic J., primary, Eaton, Dan, primary, Elkins, Kristi, primary, Elliott, J. Michael, primary, Frantz, Gretchen, primary, Fuji, Reina N., primary, Gray, Alane, primary, Harden, Kristin, primary, Ingle, Gladys S., primary, Kljavin, Noelyn M., primary, Koeppen, Hartmut, primary, Nelson, Christopher, primary, Prabhu, Saileta, primary, Raab, Helga, primary, Ross, Sarajane, primary, Stephan, Jean-Philippe, primary, Scales, Suzie J., primary, Spencer, Susan D., primary, Vandlen, Richard, primary, Wranik, Bernd, primary, Yu, Shang-Fan, primary, Zheng, Bing, primary, and Ebens, Allen, primary

Published
2023
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19. Supplementary Methods from SLC46A3 Is Required to Transport Catabolites of Noncleavable Antibody Maytansine Conjugates from the Lysosome to the Cytoplasm

Author

Hamblett, Kevin J., primary, Jacob, Allison P., primary, Gurgel, Jesse L., primary, Tometsko, Mark E., primary, Rock, Brooke M., primary, Patel, Sonal K., primary, Milburn, Robert R., primary, Siu, Sophia, primary, Ragan, Seamus P., primary, Rock, Dan A., primary, Borths, Christopher J., primary, O'Neill, Jason W., primary, Chang, Wesley S., primary, Weidner, Margaret F., primary, Bio, Matthew M., primary, Quon, Kim C., primary, and Fanslow, William C., primary

Published
2023
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20. Supplementary Figures S1-S6 from SLC46A3 Is Required to Transport Catabolites of Noncleavable Antibody Maytansine Conjugates from the Lysosome to the Cytoplasm

Author

Hamblett, Kevin J., primary, Jacob, Allison P., primary, Gurgel, Jesse L., primary, Tometsko, Mark E., primary, Rock, Brooke M., primary, Patel, Sonal K., primary, Milburn, Robert R., primary, Siu, Sophia, primary, Ragan, Seamus P., primary, Rock, Dan A., primary, Borths, Christopher J., primary, O'Neill, Jason W., primary, Chang, Wesley S., primary, Weidner, Margaret F., primary, Bio, Matthew M., primary, Quon, Kim C., primary, and Fanslow, William C., primary

Published
2023
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21. Supplementary Table 1 from Antibody-Drug Conjugates for the Treatment of Non–Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Target and Linker-Drug Selection

Author

Polson, Andrew G., primary, Calemine-Fenaux, Jill, primary, Chan, Pamela, primary, Chang, Wesley, primary, Christensen, Erin, primary, Clark, Suzanna, primary, de Sauvage, Frederic J., primary, Eaton, Dan, primary, Elkins, Kristi, primary, Elliott, J. Michael, primary, Frantz, Gretchen, primary, Fuji, Reina N., primary, Gray, Alane, primary, Harden, Kristin, primary, Ingle, Gladys S., primary, Kljavin, Noelyn M., primary, Koeppen, Hartmut, primary, Nelson, Christopher, primary, Prabhu, Saileta, primary, Raab, Helga, primary, Ross, Sarajane, primary, Stephan, Jean-Philippe, primary, Scales, Suzie J., primary, Spencer, Susan D., primary, Vandlen, Richard, primary, Wranik, Bernd, primary, Yu, Shang-Fan, primary, Zheng, Bing, primary, and Ebens, Allen, primary

Published
2023
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22. Supplementary Figure Legend from Antibody-Drug Conjugates for the Treatment of Non–Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Target and Linker-Drug Selection

Author

Polson, Andrew G., primary, Calemine-Fenaux, Jill, primary, Chan, Pamela, primary, Chang, Wesley, primary, Christensen, Erin, primary, Clark, Suzanna, primary, de Sauvage, Frederic J., primary, Eaton, Dan, primary, Elkins, Kristi, primary, Elliott, J. Michael, primary, Frantz, Gretchen, primary, Fuji, Reina N., primary, Gray, Alane, primary, Harden, Kristin, primary, Ingle, Gladys S., primary, Kljavin, Noelyn M., primary, Koeppen, Hartmut, primary, Nelson, Christopher, primary, Prabhu, Saileta, primary, Raab, Helga, primary, Ross, Sarajane, primary, Stephan, Jean-Philippe, primary, Scales, Suzie J., primary, Spencer, Susan D., primary, Vandlen, Richard, primary, Wranik, Bernd, primary, Yu, Shang-Fan, primary, Zheng, Bing, primary, and Ebens, Allen, primary

Published
2023
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23. Supplementary Tables S1-S2 from SLC46A3 Is Required to Transport Catabolites of Noncleavable Antibody Maytansine Conjugates from the Lysosome to the Cytoplasm

Author

Hamblett, Kevin J., primary, Jacob, Allison P., primary, Gurgel, Jesse L., primary, Tometsko, Mark E., primary, Rock, Brooke M., primary, Patel, Sonal K., primary, Milburn, Robert R., primary, Siu, Sophia, primary, Ragan, Seamus P., primary, Rock, Dan A., primary, Borths, Christopher J., primary, O'Neill, Jason W., primary, Chang, Wesley S., primary, Weidner, Margaret F., primary, Bio, Matthew M., primary, Quon, Kim C., primary, and Fanslow, William C., primary

Published
2023
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41. A Titin mutation defines roles for circulation in endothelial morphogenesis

Author

May, Scott R., Stewart, Nicola J., Chang, Wesley, and Peterson, Andrew S.

Subjects
Developmental biology -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Morphogenesis of the developing vascular network requires coordinated regulation of an extensive array of endothelial cell behaviors. Precisely regulated signaling molecules such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) direct some of these endothelial behaviors. Newly forming blood vessels also become subjected to novel biomechanical forces upon initiation of cardiac contractions. We report here the identification of a recessive mouse mutation termed shrunken-head (shru) that disrupts function of the Titin gene. Titin was found to be required for the initiation of proper heart contractions as well as for maintaining the correct overall shape and orientation of individual cardiomyocytes. Cardiac dysfunction in shrunken-head mutant embryos provided an opportunity to study the effects of lack of blood circulation on the morphogenesis of endothelial cells. Without blood flow, differentiating endothelial cells display defects in their shapes and patterns of cell-cell contact. These endothelial cells, without exposure to blood circulation, have an abnormal distribution within vasculogenic vessels. Further effects of absent blood flow include abnormal spatial regulation of angiogenesis and elevated VEGF signaling. The shrunken-head mutation has provided an in vivo model to precisely define the roles of circulation on cellular and network aspects of vascular morphogenesis. Keywords: Vascular development; Mouse; Heart; Genetics; Mutagenesis; ENU

Published
2004

48. Evolving contact mechanics and microstructure formation dynamics of the lithium metal-Li7La3Zr2O12 interface.

Author

Chang, Wesley, May, Richard, Wang, Michael, Thorsteinsson, Gunnar, Sakamoto, Jeff, Marbella, Lauren, and Steingart, Daniel

Subjects
MAGNETIC resonance imaging, CONTACT mechanics, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, SUPERIONIC conductors, SOLID electrolytes, MAGNETIC resonance
Abstract

The dynamic behavior of the interface between the lithium metal electrode and a solid-state electrolyte plays a critical role in all-solid-state battery performance. The evolution of this interface throughout cycling involves multiscale mechanical and chemical heterogeneity at the micro- and nano-scale. These features are dependent on operating conditions such as current density and stack pressure. Here we report the coupling of operando acoustic transmission measurements with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging to correlate changes in interfacial mechanics (such as contact loss and crack formation) with the growth of lithium microstructures during cell cycling. Together, the techniques reveal the chemo-mechanical behavior that governs lithium metal and Li7La3Zr2O12 interfacial dynamics at various stack pressure regimes and with voltage polarization. All-solid-state batteries are promising alternatives to Li-ion batteries. Here, the authors investigate the chemo-mechanical changes at the lithium metal/solid electrolyte interface via operando acoustic transmission and magnetic resonance imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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