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This article discusses the challenges of adopting high‐resolution AMLCD in 4K MR technology. Key innovations include LTPO for improved the aperture of VR LCDs by 20‐30%, especially for highres VR, and COA to reduce transmittance issues and enhance color uniformity in 4K VR LCDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an AR HUD using micro LED technology for enhanced brightness and image quality. It utilizes micro LED's high brightness to merge AR images seamlessly with external views and employs Nature 3D technology to improve the HUD's 3D depth, significantly boosting vehicle safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined relationships between students' perceptions of course-related interaction and their course satisfaction within the learner-centered paradigm in distance education. A Students' Perceived Interaction Survey (SPIS) instrument was developed to examine nine separate hypotheses about the nature of course-related interaction. A volunteer sample of 855 students from the 949 students enrolled in Computer Science 103--Computer Literacy and Applications at Iowa State University in the fall of 2005 was used. This study employed a multiple linear regression. It concluded that student-instructor personal interaction, student-student personal interaction, and student-content interaction, along with students' perceptions of WebCT features and gender were predictors of course satisfaction. In this study 94% of the participants indicated they were satisfied with the course. No significance was found in the relationships between student satisfaction and student-teaching assistant (TA) personal interaction, the student's prior partial online distance education experience, the student's prior entirely online distance education experience, and academic year. (Contains 4 tables.)

Background: In recent decades, 95% of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) can survive to adolescence and adulthood. However, adolescents with CHD are prone to poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL). It is imperative to develop a reliable and valid instrument for health professionals to monitor the HRQoL. This study aims to: (1) evaluate the psychometric properties of the traditional Chinese version of Pediatric Quality of Life™ 3.0 Cardiac Module (PedsQL-CM) and measurement invariance across adolescents with CHD and their parents; and (2) investigate the adolescent-parent agreement in HRQoL. Methods: A total of 162 adolescents and 162 parents were recruited. Internal consistency was examined using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega. The criterion-related validity was evaluated with intercorrelations between the PedsQL-CM and PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core (PedsQL-GC) Scale. The construct validity was examined by second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Measurement invariance was evaluated using the multi-group CFA. The adolescent-parent agreement was analyzed with the intraclass correlation (ICC), paired t-tests, and Bland–Altman plots. Results: PedsQL-CM showed acceptable internal consistency (self-reports 0.88, proxy-reports 0.91). The intercorrelations were medium to large effect size (self-reports 0.34–0.77, proxy-reports 0.46–0.68). The CFA supported the construct validity (CFI = 0.967, TLI = 0.963, RMSEA = 0.036, 90% CI = 0.026–0.046, SRMR = 0.065). The multi-group CFA proved scalar invariance between self and parent proxy-reports. Parents significantly underestimated their adolescents' HRQoL in cognitive problems (Cohen's d = 0.21) and communication (Cohen's d = 0.23) subscales, while there was a negligible difference in total HRQoL (Cohen's d = 0.16). ICCs were poor to moderate effect size with the highest and lowest agreement in heart problems and treatment subscale (ICC = 0.70) and communication subscale (ICC = 0.27), respectively. The Bland–Altman plots showed lesser variability in the heart problem and treatment subscale and the total scale. Conclusion: The traditional Chinese version of PedsQL-CM has acceptable psychometric properties to measure disease-specific HRQoL in adolescents with CHD. Parents may be proxies for adolescents with CHD to rate total HRQoL. When the patient-reported score is the primary outcome, the proxy-reported score could serve as a secondary outcome for research and clinical evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We aimed to investigate the changes in the self‐efficacy of patients with breast cancer (BC) during adjuvant chemotherapy. Design: A longitudinal study was conducted. Methods: One hundred thirty patients with BC who underwent postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy at a medical centre in northern Taiwan were evaluated using self‐efficacy survey tools before the first (T1), second (T2) and last (T3) cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. The independent t‐test, Kruskal–Wallis test, one‐way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient and generalized estimating equation were used for data analysis. Results: The self‐efficacy measures of patients with BC were significantly higher at both T2 and T3 than at T1 (p < 0.001). Religious beliefs and changes in self‐efficacy showed a significant correlation (p = 0.04). These findings will facilitate timely interventional measures to improve self‐efficacy in patients with maladaptive behaviours, alleviate psychological distress and reduce the risk of future disease recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The degree to which an undergraduate mathematics curriculum matched the item difficulty levels of representative mathematics problems based on that sequence was studied with 62 items and 423 undergraduates and 937 high school seniors. Results suggest congruence between curriculum sequence and item difficulty levels. (SLD)

The marginal survival function of the time between successive events is estimated using a new class of nonparametric estimators. The proposed approach considers a one-sample problem when the recurrence times from various episodes have the same marginal distribution. The appropriateness of the nonparametric estimators is validated by statistical theory and simulations while their performance is demonstrated in simulation and analysis of schizophrenia data., 1. INTRODUCTION Recurrent event data are frequently encountered in studies with longitudinal designs. To analyze recurrent event data, the focus can be placed on the time between events, the transition [...]

Research was conducted to establish a fault-tolerant ring containing at least n!-4f(sub v) nodes in an injured star graph characterized by faulty links and nodes. The construction of a one-ring from a three ring with faulty nodes was considered while a lemma was formulated to determine a five-ring condition. The embedding complexity was analyzed in relation to the traversal and construction costs. Results indicated that the Hamiltonian cycle can always be integrated in an n-star.