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Milk containing Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) poses a serious health risk to consumers. Present study was undertaken to determine levels of AFM1 in 146 milk and value added dairy products sold in retail markets of Chhattisgarh, India using HPLC coupled with fluorescence detector. A total of 52 samples (35.6%) were found to contain AFM1 with overall concentrations ranging from nd − 2.608 µg/L. The contamination levels were higher in non-fermented milk products than fermented milk products samples, although this difference was statistically non-significant (p > 0.05). AFM1 concentrations above maximum permissible limits established by the European Commission were found in 94.2% of positive samples. Health risk assessments ascertained that the estimated daily intakes for AFM1 is higher than the established tolerable daily intakes for both adults and children (Hazard Index > 1), there by implying a potentially high risk to consumer's health. Current investigation provides valuable information regarding contamination of raw as well as value added milk products sold in Indian markets. Therefore, to protect consumer's health and promote dairy trade; there is an urgent need to increase farmer's knowledge on good storage practices of feed and fodder. Further, stringent enforcement of food safety regulations is imperative to safeguard and promote human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 14 Sahiwal cows were selected from bull mother experimental farm, Anjora, Durg with more than 65 days postpartum anestrus were randomly divided into two groups. Animals (n = 7) of treatment group were given injection GnRH @ 10 μg intramuscularly on day 0, while those (n=7) of control group were given 2.5 ml normal saline intramuscularly. The animals in both the groups were monitored at three days interval for 24 days, i.e., on day 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 and 24 using trans-rectal ultrasonography (5-7.5 MHz) for development of ovarian follicles, ovulation and corpus luteum formation. Significantly larger follicles were observed on day 3, 12 (p<0.05) and 24 (p<0.01) in GnRH treatment group than control group, suggesting folliculogenic and ovulatory effect of GnRH over 3- 12 days period, with establishment of cyclicity in anestrus cattle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to predict actual milk yield on the basis of test day milk yield in Murrah buffalo. The present study was conducted on Murrah buffaloes belonging to private commercial farm at district Rajnandgaon in Chhattisgarh. Data were generated from 47 Murrah buffaloes for 7 months. The prediction equations, their coefficient of determination(R2) values ranged from 64.82 to 90.47 percent. The values of accuracy (R2) increased gradually when more numbers of test day milk yields were taken into consideration. Prediction on the basis of first seven month's test day records is accurate enough and was as effective as based on complete records (R2 = 90.47%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]