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by Willow Yuen-Shan Chan., Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998., Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-108)., Text in English; abstract also in Chinese., Acknowledgment --- p.ii, p.iii, List of tables --- p.viii, List of figures --- p.ix, Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1, Chapter 1.1 --- Background and Problem of the Investigation --- p.1, Chapter 1.2 --- Purpose of the Investigation --- p.2, Chapter 1.3 --- Significance of the Investigation --- p.2, Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.4, Chapter 2.1 --- Adolescent Stress --- p.4, Chapter 2.1.1 --- Various types of stress in adolescence --- p.4, Chapter 2.1.2 --- Adolescent Problems --- p.5, Chapter 2.2 --- Adolescent Coping --- p.7, Chapter 2.2.1 --- Coping in the Anticipation Stage of Exam --- p.8, Chapter 2.2.2 --- Gender Differences in Coping --- p.9, Chapter 2.2.3 --- The Relationship between Achievement and Coping --- p.10, Chapter 2.2.4 --- Effectiveness of Coping on Adaptational Outcomes --- p.11, Chapter 2.3 --- Personal and Situational Factors in Relation to Coping --- p.12, Chapter 2.3.1 --- Personal Factors in Relation to Coping --- p.13, Chapter 2.3.2 --- Situational Appraisals in Relation to Coping --- p.18, Chapter 2.4 --- Multivariate Models of Coping --- p.21, Chapter 2.5 --- The COPE Inventory --- p.21, Chapter 2.6 --- Summary of Literature Review --- p.24, Chapter CHAPTER 3: --- THE PRESENT INVESTIGATION --- p.27, Chapter 3.1 --- The Present Investigation --- p.27, Chapter 3.2 --- The rationale of investigation --- p.28, Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- STUDY I: VALIDATION OF CONSTRUCTS --- p.29, Chapter 4.1 --- The aim of study 1 --- p.29, Chapter 4.2 --- Method --- p.30, Chapter 4.2.1 --- Subjects --- p.30, Chapter 4.2.2 --- Measures --- p.30, Chapter 4.2.3 --- Procedures --- p.34, Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.34, Chapter 4.3.1 --- Descriptive and Psychometric Properties of Scales --- p.35, Chapter 4.3.2 --- Exam Stress and Coping in the Anticipation of Public Exam --- p.37, Chapter 4.3.3 --- Exploratory Factor Analysis --- p.38, Chapter 4.3.4 --- Evaluation of Single Latent Construct Measurement Models --- p.41, Chapter 4.3.5 --- Evaluation of Measurement Models --- p.45, Chapter 4.4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.47, Chapter 4.4.1 --- Exam Stress --- p.47, Chapter 4.4.2 --- Coping in the Anticipation of Public Exam --- p.47, Chapter 4.4.3 --- Psychometric Characteristics of Constructs --- p.47, Chapter 4.4.4 --- "Conceptual Differences of Family versus. Friend Support, and Internal versus External Outcome Controllability" --- p.48, Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- STUDY II: MODELING AND GENDER AND SCHOOL BAND DIFFERENCES --- p.49, Chapter 5.1 --- Framework of study II --- p.49, Chapter 5.2 --- Three Hypothesized Coping Models --- p.49, Chapter 5.2.1 --- The Additive Coping Model --- p.50, Chapter 5.2.2 --- The Mediational Coping Model --- p.50, Chapter 5.2.3 --- The Full Coping Model --- p.51, Chapter 5.3 --- The Aim of Study II --- p.51, Chapter 5.4 --- Method --- p.52, Chapter 5.4.1 --- Subjects --- p.52, Chapter 5.4.2 --- Procedures and Measures --- p.53, Chapter 5.5 --- Results --- p.53, Chapter 5.5.1 --- The Three Hypothesized Coping Models --- p.53, Chapter 5.5.2 --- "Gender and School Band Differences in Coping, Support Resources, Situational Appraisals and Psychological Distress" --- p.62, Chapter 5.5.3 --- Full Coping Model by Gender and by School Band --- p.65, Chapter 5.6 --- Discussion --- p.73, Chapter 5.6.1 --- The Transactional Model of Coping --- p.73, Chapter 5.6.2 --- The Important Influences of Dispositional Traits and Situational Appraisals on Coping and Psychological Distress --- p.74, Chapter 5.6.3 --- Gender and School Band Differences --- p.75, Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- STUDY III: LONGITUDINAL STUDY --- p.79, Chapter 6.1 --- Framework of Study III --- p.79, Chapter 6.2 --- The Aim of Study III --- p.79, Chapter 6.3 --- Method --- p.80, Chapter 6.3.1 --- Subjects --- p.80, Chapter 6.3.2 --- Procedures and Measures --- p.80, Chapter 6.4 --- Results --- p.81, Chapter 6.4.1 --- Casual Relations of Time 1 Coping Constructs and Other Constructs on Time2 Psychological Distress --- p.82, Chapter 6.4.2 --- Casual Relations of Time 1 Psychological Distress and Other Constructs on Time 2 Coping Constructs --- p.84, Chapter 6.5 --- Discussion --- p.90, Chapter 6.5.1 --- Effectiveness of Coping --- p.90, Chapter 6.5.2 --- Causal Directionality of Coping and Distress --- p.90, Chapter CHAPTER 7: --- GENERAL DISCUSSION --- p.91, Chapter 7.1 --- discussion --- p.92, Chapter 7.1.1 --- Coping as Mediator --- p.92, Chapter 7.1.2 --- Effectiveness of Active Problem-focused Coping --- p.92, Chapter 7.1.3 --- Effects of Dispositional Traits --- p.93, Chapter 7.1.4 --- "Differential Effects of Internal and External Outcome Beliefs, and Family and Friend Support Resources on Coping" --- p.94, Chapter 7.1.5 --- The Predominant Effect of Causal Influence from Coping to Distress --- p.95, Chapter 7.2 --- Implications for Intervention --- p.96, Chapter 7.3 --- Limitations --- p.97, REFERENCES --- p.98, Appendix A Sample items of questionnaires for investigation, Appendix B Reliabilities of various scales in pilot study, "Appendix C Tables in Study I, II and III", Appendix D Figures in Study III, http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889556, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)