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636 results on '"Chambless, Lloyd E."'

1. Determinants of social inequalities in stroke incidence across Europe : a collaborative analysis of 126 635 individuals from 48 cohort studies

Author

MORGAM Project, Ferrario, Marco M, Veronesi, Giovanni, Kee, Frank, Chambless, Lloyd E, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Jørgensen, Torben, Amouyel, Philippe, Arveiler, Dominique, Bobak, Martin, Cesana, Giancarlo, Drygas, Wojciech, Ferrieres, Jean, Giampaoli, Simona, Iacoviello, Licia, Nikitin, Yuri, Pajak, Andrzej, Peters, Annette, Salomaa, Veikko, Soderberg, Stefan, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Wilsgaard, Tom, and Tunstall-Pedoe, Hugh

Published
2017

8. Determinants of social inequalities in stroke incidence across Europe: a collaborative analysis of 126 635 individuals from 48 cohort studies

Author

Ferrario, Marco M, Veronesi, Giovanni, Kee, Frank, Chambless, Lloyd E, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Jørgensen, Torben, Amouyel, Philippe, Arveiler, Dominique, Bobak, Martin, Cesana, Giancarlo, Drygas, Wojciech, Ferrieres, Jean, Giampaoli, Simona, Iacoviello, Licia, Nikitin, Yuri, Pajak, Andrzej, Peters, Annette, Salomaa, Veikko, Soderberg, Stefan, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Wilsgaard, Tom, and Tunstall-Pedoe, Hugh

Published
2017
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24. The contribution of educational class in improving accuracy of cardiovascular risk prediction across European regions: The MORGAM Project Cohort Component

Author

Ferrario, Marco M, Veronesi, Giovanni, Chambless, Lloyd E, Tunstall-Pedoe, Hugh, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Salomaa, Veikko, Borglykke, Anders, Hart, Nigel, Söderberg, Stefan, Cesana, Giancarlo, Jørgensen, T., Agger, C., Borglykke, A., Salomaa, V., Juolevi, A., Vartiainen, E., Jousilahti, P., Kuulasmaa, K., Cepaitis, Z., Haukijärvi, A., Joseph, B.J, Kulathinal, S., Niemelä, M., Saarela, O., Ducimetière, P., Bingham, A., Arveiler, D., Haas, B., Wagner, A., Ferrières, J., Ruidavets, J-B., Bongard, V., Amouyel, P., Montaye, M., Dallongeville, J., Döring, A., Wichmann, E., Ferrario, M., Ferrario, M., Veronesi, G., Cesana, G., Fornari, C., Sega, R., Mancia, G., Facchetti, R., Vanuzzo, D., Pilotto, L., Picco, F., Mattiussi, F., Gigante, S., Tamosiunas, A., Domarkiene, S., Rastenyte, D., Bernotiene, G., Radisauskas, R., Baceviciene, M., Luksiene, D., Malinauskiene, V., Bernotaite, L., Pająk, A., Kawalec, E., Broda, G., Kurjata, P., Rywik, S.L., Polakowska, M., Pytlak, A., Nikitin, Yu., Malyutina, S., Gafarov, V., Feigin, V., Siminova, G., Voevoda, M., Vinogradova, T., Nasonova, N., Veriovkin, E., Eliasson, M., Söderberg, S., Stegmayr, B., Eriksson, M., Asplund, K., Kee, F, Evans, A., Yarnell, J., Gardner, E., Tunstall-Pedoe, H., Woodward, M, Evans, A., Cashman, S., Evans, A., Blankenberg, S., Ferrario, M., Kee, F., Kuulasmaa, K., Palotie, A., Perola, M., Peters, A., Salomaa, V., Tregouet, D., Tunstall-Pedoe, H., Asplund, K., Cambien, F., Tiret, L, Peltonen, L., Shields, D., Stegmayr, B., and Wiklund, P.-G.

Published
2014
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44. Trends in the incidence of myocardial infarction and in mortality due to coronary heart disease, 1987 to 1994

Author

Rosamond, Wayne D., Chambless, Lloyd E., Folsom, Aaron R., Cooper, Lawton S., Conwill, David E., Clegg, Limin, Wang, Chin-Hua, and Heiss, Gerardo

Subjects
Coronary heart disease -- Patient outcomes, Mortality -- Statistics
Abstract

Mortality rates from coronary heart disease (CHD) dropped between 1987 and 1994 even though more CHD patients were hospitalized. Researchers studied hospitalization and mortality rates from CHD among 352,481 people in four US communities between 1987 and 1994. In-hospital mortality rates from CHD dropped 5% per year, with the biggest declines occurring in white men, followed by white women, black women and black men. Hospitalization rates did not decline but actually increased during the period, mostly in black women and men.

Published
1998

48. Assessing differences in clinical trials comparing surgical vs nonsurgical therapy: using common (statistical) sense

Author

Howard, George, Chambless, Lloyd E., and Kronmal, Richard A.

Subjects
Medical statistics -- Analysis, Clinical trials -- Methods, Medical research -- Evaluation, Surgery -- Evaluation, Drug therapy -- Evaluation
Abstract

Physicians should take individual patient characteristics into account when recommending whether the patient should be treated with drugs or surgery. Many cardiovascular diseases can be treated with either drugs or surgery and many studies have compared the two approaches. However, comparing the two treatments is difficult because surgical patients may have increased mortality in the short run from the operation, but reduced mortality in the long run. Many statistical tests used to evaluate outcomes are based on averages, which could be skewed in one direction or another based on how long patients were followed., The statement of hypotheses and choice of statistical tests in clinical trials that compare surgical with nonsurgical treatment are complicated by the likelihood of excess risk in the surgical group during the perioperative period but lower risk after that compared with the more uniform risk in the nonsurgical group. Commonly used statistical survival analyses implicitly assume a constant ratio of risks in the 2 groups during the follow-up period. However, the changing pattern of risk for one treatment but not the other implies that the assessment of the relative efficacy of the treatments varies with the length of the follow-up. As such, determining whether survival curves for the 2 groups are different may not translate easily into selecting the best treatment. Alternative statements of the hypothesis based on consideration of the time horizon of patients and on clinical judgment may be more consistent with the goals of the study. Regardless of the choice of a statistical test, the choice of treatment is a decision specific to the individual patient and should be influenced by the patient's life expectancy, attitude toward taking risks, quality of life, and cost considerations. When the survival curves cross, there is a trade-off between the risk of surgery and the increase in life expectancy among the survivors of surgery. Accordingly, assessment of differences in outcomes in clinical trials comparing surgical vs nonsurgical therapy should provide both a conclusion about whether 1 treatment can reasonably be considered best for most patients and should provide information to the individual patient and physician on the expected outcome to aid in the decision-making process. JAMA. 1997;278:1432-1436

Published
1997

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