1. A systematic global stocktake of evidence on human adaptation to climate change
- Author
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Berrang-Ford, Lea, Peñuelas, Josep, Siders, A. R., Lesnikowski, Alexandra, Paige Fischer, Alexandra, Callaghan, Max W., Haddaway, Neal R., Mach, Katharine J., Araos, Malcom, Rahman Shah, Mohammad Aminur, Wannewitz, Mia, Doshi, Deepal, Leiter, Timo, Custodio Matavel, Musah-Surugu, Justice Issah, Wong-Parodi, Gabrielle, Antwi-Agyei, Philip, Ajibade, Idowu, Chauhan, Neha, Kakenmaster, William, Grady, Caitlin, Chalastani, Vasiliki I., Jagannathan, Kripa, Galappaththi, Eranga K., Sitati, Asha, Scarpa, Giulia, Totin, Edmond, Davis, Katy, Hamilton, Nikita Charles, Kirchhoff, Christine J., Kumar, Praveen, Pentz, Brian, Simpson, Nicholas P., Theokritoff, Emily, Deryng, Delphine, Reckien, Diana, Zavaleta-Cortijo, Carol, Ulibarri, Nicola, Segnon, Alcade C., Khavhagali, Vhalinavho, Shang, Yuanyuan, Zvobgo, Luckson, Zommers, Zinta, Xu, Jiren, Williams, Portia Adade, Villaverde Canosa, Ivan, van Maanen, Nicole, van Bavel, Bianca, van Aalst, Maarten, Turek-Hankins, Lynée L., Trivedi, Hasti, Trisos, Christopher H., Thomas, Adelle, Thakur, Shinny, Templeman, Sienna, Stringer, Lindsay C., Sotnik, Garry, Sjostrom, Kathryn Dana, Singh, Chandni, Siña, Mariella Z., Shukla, Roopam, Salubi, Eunice A., Chalkasra, Lolita Shaila Safaee, Ruiz-Díaz, Raquel, Richards, Carys, Pokharel, Pratik, Petzold, Jan, Pelaez Avila, Julia, Pazmino Murillo, Julia B., Ouni, Souha, Niemann, Jennifer, Nielsen, Miriam, New, Mark, Schwerdtle, Patricia Nayna, Nagle Alverio, Gabriela, Mullin, Cristina A., Mullenite, Joshua, Mosurska, Anuszka, Morecroft, Mike D., Minx, Jan C., Maskell, Gina, Marshall Nunbogu, Abraham, Magnan, Alexandre K., Lwasa, Shuaib, Lukas-Sithole, Megan, Lissner, Tabea, Lilford, Oliver, Koller, Steven F., Jurjonas, Matthew, Joe, Elphin Tom, Huynh, Lam T. M., Hill, Avery, Hernandez, Rebecca R., Hegde, Greeshma, Hawxwell, Tom, Harper, Sherilee, Harden, Alexandra, Haasnoot, Marjolijn, Gilmore, Elisabeth A., Gichuki, Leah, Gatt, Alyssa, Garschagen, Matthias, Ford, James D., Forbes, Andrew, Farrell, Aidan D., Enquist, Carolyn A. F., Elliott, Susan, Duncan, Emily, Coughlan de Perez, Erin, Coggins, Shaugn, Chen, Tara, Campbell, Donovan, Browne, Katherine E., Bowen, Kathryn J., Biesbroek, Robbert, Bhatt, Indra D., Bezner Kerr, Rachel, Barr, Stephanie L., Baker, Emily, Austin, Stephanie E., Arotoma-Rojas, Ingrid, Anderson, Christa, Ajaz, Warda, Agrawal, Tanvi, Zulfawu Abu, Thelma, Sardans i Galobart, Jordi, Berrang-Ford, Lea, Peñuelas, Josep, Siders, A. R., Lesnikowski, Alexandra, Paige Fischer, Alexandra, Callaghan, Max W., Haddaway, Neal R., Mach, Katharine J., Araos, Malcom, Rahman Shah, Mohammad Aminur, Wannewitz, Mia, Doshi, Deepal, Leiter, Timo, Custodio Matavel, Musah-Surugu, Justice Issah, Wong-Parodi, Gabrielle, Antwi-Agyei, Philip, Ajibade, Idowu, Chauhan, Neha, Kakenmaster, William, Grady, Caitlin, Chalastani, Vasiliki I., Jagannathan, Kripa, Galappaththi, Eranga K., Sitati, Asha, Scarpa, Giulia, Totin, Edmond, Davis, Katy, Hamilton, Nikita Charles, Kirchhoff, Christine J., Kumar, Praveen, Pentz, Brian, Simpson, Nicholas P., Theokritoff, Emily, Deryng, Delphine, Reckien, Diana, Zavaleta-Cortijo, Carol, Ulibarri, Nicola, Segnon, Alcade C., Khavhagali, Vhalinavho, Shang, Yuanyuan, Zvobgo, Luckson, Zommers, Zinta, Xu, Jiren, Williams, Portia Adade, Villaverde Canosa, Ivan, van Maanen, Nicole, van Bavel, Bianca, van Aalst, Maarten, Turek-Hankins, Lynée L., Trivedi, Hasti, Trisos, Christopher H., Thomas, Adelle, Thakur, Shinny, Templeman, Sienna, Stringer, Lindsay C., Sotnik, Garry, Sjostrom, Kathryn Dana, Singh, Chandni, Siña, Mariella Z., Shukla, Roopam, Salubi, Eunice A., Chalkasra, Lolita Shaila Safaee, Ruiz-Díaz, Raquel, Richards, Carys, Pokharel, Pratik, Petzold, Jan, Pelaez Avila, Julia, Pazmino Murillo, Julia B., Ouni, Souha, Niemann, Jennifer, Nielsen, Miriam, New, Mark, Schwerdtle, Patricia Nayna, Nagle Alverio, Gabriela, Mullin, Cristina A., Mullenite, Joshua, Mosurska, Anuszka, Morecroft, Mike D., Minx, Jan C., Maskell, Gina, Marshall Nunbogu, Abraham, Magnan, Alexandre K., Lwasa, Shuaib, Lukas-Sithole, Megan, Lissner, Tabea, Lilford, Oliver, Koller, Steven F., Jurjonas, Matthew, Joe, Elphin Tom, Huynh, Lam T. M., Hill, Avery, Hernandez, Rebecca R., Hegde, Greeshma, Hawxwell, Tom, Harper, Sherilee, Harden, Alexandra, Haasnoot, Marjolijn, Gilmore, Elisabeth A., Gichuki, Leah, Gatt, Alyssa, Garschagen, Matthias, Ford, James D., Forbes, Andrew, Farrell, Aidan D., Enquist, Carolyn A. F., Elliott, Susan, Duncan, Emily, Coughlan de Perez, Erin, Coggins, Shaugn, Chen, Tara, Campbell, Donovan, Browne, Katherine E., Bowen, Kathryn J., Biesbroek, Robbert, Bhatt, Indra D., Bezner Kerr, Rachel, Barr, Stephanie L., Baker, Emily, Austin, Stephanie E., Arotoma-Rojas, Ingrid, Anderson, Christa, Ajaz, Warda, Agrawal, Tanvi, Zulfawu Abu, Thelma, and Sardans i Galobart, Jordi
- Abstract
Assessing global progress on human adaptation to climate change is an urgent priority. Although the literature on adaptation to climate change is rapidly expanding, little is known about the actual extent of implementation. We systematically screened >48,000 articles using machine learning methods and a global network of 126 researchers. Our synthesis of the resulting 1,682 articles presents a systematic and comprehensive global stocktake of implemented human adaptation to climate change. Documented adaptations were largely fragmented, local and incremental, with limited evidence of transformational adaptation and negligible evidence of risk reduction outcomes. We identify eight priorities for global adaptation research: assess the effectiveness of adaptation responses, enhance the understanding of limits to adaptation, enable individuals and civil society to adapt, include missing places, scholars and scholarship, understand private sector responses, improve methods for synthesizing different forms of evidence, assess the adaptation at different temperature thresholds, and improve the inclusion of timescale and the dynamics of 536 responses.
- Published
- 2021