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We used the model output to explore relationships between EEEV occurrence and environmental factors, as well as generated risk maps for each season. We also introduced a normalized difference risk index to identify locations with high risk during both seasons. LULC variables were better predictors of EEEV than bioclimatic or topographic variables. Summer cases occurred in locations that were in or near rural lands at high elevations that were near woody wetlands and coniferous forests, while winter cases occurred primarily in areas with large proportions of evergreen forests and rural land. Because EEEV is often fatal to both horses and humans, the goal was to provide more accurate EEEV risk maps for each season to guide disease management and vector control efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analog performance of 100 nm dual-material gate (DMG) CMOS devices in the subthreshold region of operation is evaluated. The DMG CMOS devices have better performance as compared to their single-material gate (SMG) counterpart.

The effects of double-halo (DH) and single-halo or lateral asymmetric channel (LAC) doping on the subthreshold analog performance of 100-nm CMOS devices are investigated. The results have shown that the CMOS amplifiers made with the halo implanted devices have higher voltage gain over their conventional counterpart and the voltage gain has improved even when LAS doping is made on both the p- and n-channel devices of the amplifier.

This paper quantitatively analyzes the spatial heterogeneity of district‐level correlates of open defecation in rural India. We employ standard non‐spatial regression, spatially explicit regressions and multi‐scale geographically weighted regression to compare the stability of measurable correlates of open defecation across these different methods as well as across analyzed spatial units. Attributes like ownership of household assets, drinking water inaccessibility and prevalent literacy rates were identified as the most stable district‐level correlates of open defecation. Our results also demonstrated the relevance of our hypotheses about (a) possible negative sanitation externalities stemming from the co‐concentration of Scheduled Caste communities and other communities in densely populated rural districts, and (b) possible positive sanitation externalities stemming from the co‐concentration of Muslim and non‐Muslim communities in densely populated districts. Overall, however, our analyses demonstrate notable spatial clustering and significant spatial non‐stationarity of examined variables. Therefore, in our opinion, research findings that ignore spatial heterogeneity of sanitation drivers provide incomplete information for policy development and implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]