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BACKGROUND Water-soluble fluoride (WS-F) can be absorbed directly by tea plants from soil and comprises a major source of dietary F in tea consumers. To reveal the WS-F accumulation in tea leaves and assess WS-F health risks, 70 sets of samples including tea leaves at three maturity stages and corresponding topsoil were collected from Xinyang, China. The WS-F contents in tea samples and pH values in soil samples were determined. RESULTS The contents of WS-F in tea leaves exhibited a positive correlation with leaf maturity. The contents of WS-F in tea leaves showed a positive correlation with WS-F contents in the soil as the soil pH value exceeds 5. All the bud with two leaves samples, 84.29% of the third to sixth leaves samples, and 78.57% mature leaves samples in 5-min infusion tend to be no health threat. The leaching characteristics of WS-F from tea leaves were influenced by the leaf maturity and soaking time. CONCLUSION Taking measures to control pH and WS-F concentration of plantations soil, as well as drinking tea infusion made from young leaves or reducing soaking time could decrease the WS-F health risk. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

This paper presents an approach to determine optimal grasping poses for dual-arm space robot cooperatively grasping an uncooperative satellite. Aiming at better manipulating the satellite after capture, it is necessary to plan properly grasping poses on the satellite for dual-arm end-effectors to maximize the manipulability of space robot. In this paper, global manipulability based on capability map is applied as the quality index to seek optimal grasping poses. First, the technique to generate cooperative workspace for a closed chain system is introduced fusing the workspace of each single-arm with self-collision avoidance. Second, several general manipulability indices, such as dexterity, manipulability measure and task compatibility, are extended to the entire cooperative workspace to construct capability maps. Next, global manipulability is evaluated for dual-arm space robot cooperative manipulation based on the capability maps. Following this, the optimal grasping poses among all feasible grasping poses on the satellite are obtained by the global manipulability. Finally, a simulation study is carried out to verify the feasibility of the proposed approach based on a redundant dual-arm space robotic system.

As an emerging digital production technology, 3D food printing intends to meet the demand for customized food design, personalized nutrition, simplification of the food supply chain system, and greater food material diversity. Most 3D food printing studies focus on the development of materials for extrusion-based food printing. Plant-based foods are essential for a healthy diet, and they are growing in popularity as their positive effects on human health gain wider recognition. The number of original studies on plant-based printable materials has increased significantly in the past few years. Currently, there is an absence of a comprehensive systematic review on the applications of plant-based materials in extrusion-based food printing. Thus, this review aims to provide a more intuitive overview and guidance for future research on 3D printing of plant-based materials. The requirements, classifications, and binding mechanisms of extrusion-based food printing materials are first summarized. Additionally, notable recent achievements and emerging trends involving the use of plant-based materials in extrusion-based food printing are reviewed across three categories, namely, hot-melt (e.g., chocolate), hydrogel, and soft (e.g., cereal- and fruit/vegetable-based) materials. Finally, the challenges facing 3D food printing technology as well as its future prospects are discussed.

Indian agriculture has always been less profitable. Several factors contribute to the low profitability in agriculture, but less value addition, weak value chain system and weak market linkage are some of the most important factors. Producer companies are helping small farmers to emerge in the market. The farmer producer organisations (FPOs) linked with the producer companies are the best example of collective actions. The collective actions for the agriculture value chain (AVC) have resulted in a decrease in the cost and an increase in revenue. FPO and producer company find a good place in the underpinning theory of collective action theory. This study examines various successful examples of strengthening AVC through cooperatives and tried to identify various factors responsible for the success of these collectives. This study has adopted a case study approach. Three successful cases, that is, Vasundhara Agriculture Horticulture Producer Company Ltd: a multi-state FPO, Abhinav Farms Club and Sahyadri Farmer Producer Company have been selected for the case study based on their successful interventions for strengthening the agriculture value chain. Primary and secondary data has been collected through telephonic interviews from the board of directors, chairman and the members of the FPO. Both primary and secondary data have been collected to compare the three cases for AVC models. The data has been analysed using a comparative case study approach. The parameters of AVC have been identified using the Delphi technique. The study has found that collective actions have helped the farmers to strengthen the agriculture value chain. The study also concluded that leadership played an important role in defining the success of the FPOs. The study brings out future directions to excel in AVC through collectives.

The study assessed the value chain mapping and actors value added share in the catfish value chain in Imo State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed in the selection of 217 catfish value chain actors comprising 37 input suppliers, 50 producers, 50 processors, 50 marketers and 30 consumers for the study. Data were analyzed using value chain map, net income, value added share models and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results indicated that primary actors are inputs suppliers, producers, processors, marketers and consumers while research, finance and legislation activities were carried out by support actors. The total value added in the catfish value chain system was N2,944.5/kg with value added share of 0.41%, 15.54%, 24.83% and 59.22% for input suppliers, producers, processors and marketers respectively and they were statistically significantly difference at 5% with marketers having the highest value added share as they occupy a pivotal position to harness the preference, place, price and product information from the final consumers who are at the epicentre of the value chain system. It was therefore recommended that actors at every node should ensure their efforts should be done in a manner that will attract better value by considering the final consumers' preference of catfish products.

An advanced medicine box monitoring, analysis and control system is proposed in this project. An IoT (Internet of Things) technology is used to connect the medical healthcare services with a patient. The patient will be allocated a medical kit that will contain a wearable strap equipped with different sensors, a smart medicine box and a mobile application. This system uses temperature, heartbeat and oxygen sensors for tracking patient’s health, all these sensors are connected to the ESP 8266. This way the patient can link with the doctor, chemist, caretakers etc. The chain system allows the patient to get medical treatment from anywhere in the world and the patient will no longer have to suffer due to the distance and time required every time to visit the doctor.

There is no automatic process in identifying the misbehaving activities in the Tax payment as well as GST bill payment system. In the proposed framework is to devise a strategy that distinguishes gatherings of individuals who submit avoidance in the products and enterprises charge by controlling their deals as well as buys with the inspiration to lessen their duty obligation. Specifically, we perform bunching investigation on certain delicate parameters relating to every one of the sellers. At that point by breaking down the quantity of vendors over the various bunches, we distinguished the suspicious arrangement of sellers who are additionally examined by taking a gander at other delicate parameters. In the modification process. Values of the rupee are linked with the currency number which is implicitly linked with the Expiry date which is not notified to any of the users. So, vendors while receiving the money need to update in the shop server which is directly communicates to the taxing server, which is automatically updated in their account. We implement this Process securely using Block chain Technology.

In recent times, floating offshore platforms have become mainstream in Vietnam’s oil and gas industry. The platforms are usually kept by mooring line systems. In the shallow water conditions of Vietnam, the mooring lines are mainly made up of chains. For existing floating offshore platforms, the mooring lines’ strength is reduced due to local corrosion after a period of operation. In this paper, a numerical investigation of the locally corroded mooring chain system in Vietnamese conditions is conducted to evaluate its strength. The research results could be used as a reference for re-evaluation of mooring system strength for renewal and reuse of floating offshore structures in Vietnamese conditions.

Based on the meshing theory of silent chain, a new type of silent chain transmission system, the multi-phase Hy-Vo silent chain transmission system is proposed. The calculation method of the involu...

Shrimp farming and related activities contribute significantly to the national economy of Bangladesh. Per hectare half yearly average yield of shrimp was 350 kg and its money value was Tk. 1, 07,900. Variable cost is 61.29% and fixed cost is 38.71% of the total cost (Tk. 92,190). Among the various variable cost items of shrimp production, maximum cost Tk. 20,000 was found on human labor which was about 35.40% and Tk. 14,770 was found on feed which was about 26.14% of the total variable cost. Again among the various fixed cost items of shrimp production, maximum cost (Tk. 24,375) was found on human labor which was about 68.30% of the total fixed cost. Net returns were estimated at Tk. 1, 49,710 and benefit-cost ratio of shrimp farming was 2.62 which indicates that shrimp production is profitable business for the shrimp farmers. The value chain system continues by the active involvement of farmer, faria, aratdar, bepari, retailer, consumers.

This work presents an experimental apparatus for fatigue testing of chain links subjected to out-of-plane bending. The test consists of a pre-tensioned chain segment subjected to a cyclic transverse displacement of the middle link, resulting in out-of-plane bending of the adjacent links. Aiming to obtain new data for the evaluation of fatigue-life prediction methodologies, eight tests were designed considering different interlink angles and mean stress levels. The tests were conducted with positive interlink angles, a condition typically found in the fairlead/mooring chain system. A stress-based fatigue analysis using the Smith-Watson-Topper parameter yielded life estimates within factor-of-three boundaries. This very good correlation resulted from a combination of factors: a fatigue parameter that considers the mean stress effect, its calibration using test data from specimens with a surface condition similar to that of the chains, and a reasonable engineering estimate of the stress at the hotspot.

In the past few years, the use of the internet and mobile applications has rapidly increased. People use them for all of their needs, from online shopping to online bank transactions. With such enormous use, there comes a high risk of this data getting hacked and/or misused. Such attacks are quite common with applications that use a centralized server. Such shortcomings of centralized servers can be overcome by using decentralized networks like the block chain. Through this paper, I propose a solution that would help solve the problem of finding a parking lot for your vehicles. This solution has been created with the use of the Ethereum block chain (a distributed computing platform that is based on blockchain), and with the use of smart contracts. [1] This application is designed to provide an efficient way to further utilize the private parking spaces available in urban cities. It provides both the owners of parking lots and those who are in search of parking lots (in urban areas), a platform where they can exchange these resources. In the application, sellers lease out their parking lots while buyers book the parking lots.

Electric, piezoelectric, and elastic characteristics of the quantum spin-1/2 chain system are calculated. Using the exact analytical solution we show that electric permittivity, piezoelectric and elastic modules, and magnetic characteristics can manifest strong dependencies on the values of the external magnetic, electric field, external strain, and temperature.

As a service-oriented manufacturing platform, the third-party platform has become an important channel to support multi-value chain collaboration. The purpose of this paper is to explore the value-added service (VAS) strategy of the third-party platform for manufacturing. A multi-value chain system consisted of manufacturers, suppliers, and a third-party platform are considered in this paper. Based on determining the main variables’ causal relationships and building the corresponding quantitative formulations, this paper proposes a system dynamics model to simulate and analyze the third-party platform’s VAS strategy. The simulation results show that the platform should adopt a low VAS level in the early stage of development. In the middle stage of development, the platform should first increase the VAS level to attract manufacturers to access, and then reduce the VAS level to attract more suppliers to access. After entering the later stage of development, the platform should improve the VAS level. We also find the platform should adopt a low VAS level when the difference between two types of suppliers’ parts quality is small but high level of VAS when the quality of two types of suppliers’ parts differs obviously.

Raft’s good performance in the CFT system makes it a mainstream implementation solution for the consistency of the private chain system. However, we found in practice that Raft’s performance degradation is very serious when the network latency is greater than 1 ms. Therefore, we simulated the blockchain network environment and tested the TPS performance of Raft and Multi-raft. The results show that when the TPS is the same, Multi-raft reduces network traffic by 30% compared with Raft’s leader, and the CPU load increases slightly. Based on the experimental results, we discussed the optimization scheme of Raft on the geographically distributed system, and provided ideas for future research.

Wetland is the significant territorial resources and natural resources in China, whereas the establishment of wetland park is an effective measure to protect wetland resources. The research, taking the Wuhan East Lake Falling Wild Goose Scenic Spot as the example and pointing out the “chain theory”, focuses on the toughness plan and design of wetland park to build “Wetland Pond Chain System” and promote the capacity of nourishing and defending, which can be benefit for the sustainable development of wetland and provide certain references for wetland park plan and design in the future.

This study conducts a comparison between a newly proposed integrated inventory blood supply chain (BSC) and the current practice of the blood product distribution system. The importance of a well-designed blood supply chain is indisputable when it comes to human lives and the valuable blood products of the BSC. Our discrete event simulation approach and scenario discussion encompass a set of operational decisions to manage the complexity of the system. Applying the Arena simulation package, we model a carefully designed blood supply chain to provide a critical comparison of the two primary Key Performance Indicators shortage and outdated units of the BSC. We conclude that the proposed method would bring straightforward improvement with respect to the indicators under study.

To avoid the scarcity of water which is a tough situation, borewells are dug all over the world. But the careless management and improper completion of such wells lead to a situation where such wells become an artefact of death rather than life. The number of reported cases of a child falling in borewells is increasing day by day. Even with the advancement in science and technology, a proper and risk-free rescue method for such a scenario is not yet made. Existing robots are also not efficient enough to do a successful rescue. This is the reason why we came up with this paper. Pangolin, also called anteater is a mammal whose method of catching its prey used in our paper. A pangolin extends its tongue to burrow and catches the prey once it is stuck onto the tongue. Similarly, we also have a mechanical based extension system for the extending of the robot. Like pangolin sticky tongue, using animatronic hand we can ensure the safety of the victim by holding safely and tightly. In addition to this hand, support from the bottom also is there so that the total pulling force is evenly spread to the child's body. After successful gripping of the child, he/she is pulled up using a mechanical chain system. The child's condition is monitored throughout using various sensors. A high-resolution camera is also used for perfect gripping of the animatronics-based hands.

Indonesia is a major producer and exporter of CPO (Crude Palm Oil) in the world with a dominance of 56% of total CPO production in the world and 57% of the total exports of countries in the world. According to GAPKI data the volume of CPO oil exports and derivatives during 2018 reached 32.02 million tons. The Sumatra region has the largest oil palm center in Indonesia, West Sumatra is one of the developing provinces and has potential in oil palm plantations with a total production of 568 680.4 tons / year (West Sumatra in Figures, 2019). However, there are sustainability issues that cover environmental, social and economic aspects which are strategic issues globally. This ongoing issue triggers various risks that can harm various parties and must be managed properly. One way to manage this problem is to supply chain efficiency. With the supply chain efficiency, success factors and palm oil supply chain strategies in the Province of West Sumatra can be determined. This research uses descriptive qualitative analysis method through interviews with related respondents and SWOT matrix. The results showed that success factors were found in the garden chain system, transportation from the garden to the factory, factory and transportation to the storage tank and consumers. The palm oil supply chain strategy obtained is the SO, WO, ST, WT strategy. To meet the integrated supply chain system and sustainable development of palm oil in addressing the existing issues, success factors and strategies for the palm oil supply chain in West Sumatra Province are needed in order to compete in the local and foreign markets.

A folded chain, with one end fixed at the ceiling and the other end released from the same elevation, is commonly modeled as an energy-conserving system in one dimension. However, the analytical paradigm in the existing literature is unsatisfying: The theoretical prediction of the tension at the fixed end becomes infinitely large when the free end reaches the bottom, contradicting the experimental observations. Furthermore, the dependency of the total falling time on the link number demonstrated in numerical simulations is still unexplained. Here, considering the link transition between the two sub-chains and the geometry of each link, we introduce an additional term for the relation of balance of kinetic energy to account for the jump of link velocity at the fold. We derive analytical solutions of the maximal tension as well as the total falling time, in agreement with simulation results and experimental data reported in previous studies. This theoretical perspective extends the classical standard treatment, shows a simple representation of the complicated two-dimensional falling chain system and, in particular, specifies the signature of the chain properties.

The DNA-directed nanoparticle (DNA-NP) system provides various applications in medical diagnosis, sensing, data storage, plasmonics, and photovoltaics. We studied the influence of chain rigidity on DNA-directed nanoparticle crystallization by molecular dynamics simulation. The results showed that the rigid and flexible chains grafted on nanoparticles can be used to design ordered supramolecular structure, but the mechanisms are different. The system with rigid DNA chains can induce nanoparticles’ rearrangement into a body-centered cubic (BCC) lattice due to the DNA hybridization interactions. However, for the flexible chain system, the very low hybridization can even be ignored, yet the nanoparticles can still present BCC arrangement. For rigid chains, DNA binding interactions can induce BCC formation in a very narrow length range and are unfavorable to nanoparticle rearrangement for too long or short chains.

It is a challenging task to evaluate the ecological progress of chemical industrial parks (CIPs) due to their complexity and diversity. By combining qualitative and quantitative evaluations, we have constructed an integrated evaluation framework. The qualitative evaluation was based on observations of the coevolution of the parks' three core elements, which are the industrial chain system, the infrastructure system, and the management system. We identified the development stages of the parks by investigating the degree towards attaining ideal conditions and the correlation of the CIPs' three core elements. We based the quantitative evaluation on the ranking of the ecological performance of the CIPs by considering 15 indicators and using principal component analysis. Combining qualitative and quantitative evaluations, we ranked the ecological progress of China's 20 CIPs. Our work can be used to formulate national evaluation standards of CIPs, promote the scientific evaluation and management of CIPs, and advance the progress of the construction of ecological civilization in China.

Reservoir operation and management are complex engineering problems, due to the stochastic nature of inflow, various demands and as well as tailwater in the downstream. The complexity increases when the number of reservoirs gets increased such as multi-reservoir system or chain system. To obtain optimal operation in such condition become more difficult. It requires powerful optimization algorithm to solve aforesaid problems. Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm and Jaya Algorithm (JA) are recently developed advanced optimization techniques a novel approach comparatively simple, easy, and robust. The main advantages of these algorithms are it only requires the common control parameters such as number of iterations and population size. In the present study, three different benchmark problems were evaluated to check the applicability and performance of TLBO and JA in multi-reservoir operation problems. The benchmark problems are the discrete time four-reservoir operation (DFRO), the continuous time four-reservoir operation (CFRO), and the ten-reservoir operation (TRO). The results from the TLBO and JA are compared with different approaches from the literature. The optimal net benefits obtained from JA for DFRO, CFRO and TRO problems are 401.44, 308.40 and 1194.59, respectively, and that of TLBO algorithm are 401.33, 308.30 and 1194.44, respectively. It is found that both JA and TLBO algorithms provided a satisfactory solution as other optimization techniques, from literature. In conclusion, JA outperformed over TLBO.

Vibration and noise are the important factors to limit the transmission performance of the silent chain. In order to improve the vibration and noise characteristics of the silent chain system during the operation, the multi-platform jointed analysis method is applied to research the vibration and noise radiation of the rounded-jointed silent chain system. By building the three-dimensional model of rounded-jointed silent chain system, the vibration response analysis is performed to obtain the resonanceparameters and structural deficiencies of the rounded-jointed silent chain system. On the basis of the vibration response analysis of the silent chain system, the acoustic radiation analysis is performed to obtain the main noise occurrence frequency and the location of the noise source, and the results are consistent with the vibration response analysis. This study provides an important basis for reducing the vibration and noise of the silent chain system and improving the overall performance of the silent chain system.

The mechanisms of energy dissipation during the dynamic fracture and fragmentation of granular materials play a significant role in controlling the evolution of geological structures, enhancing the efficiency of industrial comminution and blasting, and reducing the geoenvironmental hazards. In this research, impact tests on two-glass-bead chains accompanied by micro-CT of crushed fragments are performed. The results reveal that only a small portion of the input stress wave energy is dissipated through the fragmentation of the two-bead-chain system and that the energy dissipation efficiency increases with increasing input energy. It is found that generally the glass bead at the back of the chain always experiences more damage regardless of the input stress wave energy level. The micro-CT results show that the fracture energy only accounts for a small portion (0.3%–1.4%) of the chain system absorbed energy. Such a low conversion rate is attributed to the underestimated surface area of the micro-cracks, caused by the finite resolution of the micro-CT. By pursuing a fractal dimension analysis, designed to account for the undetected micro-crack surface area, it is estimated that the energy conversion rate could be increased to 0.7%–5.1%. It appears that friction dissipation appears to always be predominant, in particular during severe fragmentation.

This article is devoted to the further development of the principle of massing missile troops and artillery, their shock and fire in the most important areas allowing for the internal military conflicts recently, based on the study of functional and organizational chain system fire destruction of the enemy given sequence of functional tasks (in theory Boyd) individual subsystems fire destruction of the enemy.

Timely reporting of rare infectious disease cases to the public health system, especially after identification at laboratories, is essential to initiate quick and effective public health response. To ensure that the public health reporting system is appropriately monitoring the rare infectious diseases under surveillance, it is recommended to have a regular assessment of timeliness, especially after the rare infectious case is confirmed. This study aimed to evaluate the timeliness of data reported to the Ohio Disease Reporting System (ODRS), a public health reporting system in Ohio, for managing rare infectious diseases. In a cross-sectional analysis of rare infectious disease reporting data in four local health jurisdictions (LHJs) in the state of Ohio, wide delays were found between various reporting steps, particularly when the laboratories were not using the electronic method of reporting, and the delay observed was mainly at the hospital level and at the LHJ level. This study highlights the supply chain nature of information transfer and calculates the delay at various interacting points of the information supply chain system. The results establish that a centralized approach with an electronic disease reporting system conveys information faster than traditional reporting channels (decentralized approach). Delays of the decentralized approach are isolated at various stakeholder levels and with respect to various types of rare infectious diseases for better understanding of the information supply chain system for managing rare infectious diseases.

Optimization of a manufacturer-retailer integrated type of intra-supply chain system considering unreliable production facility is explored in this study. It is assumed that a producer of consumer goods has its own sales offices, and during the fabrication process, both equipment breakdown and production of nonconforming goods seem inevitable. To explicitly address such a real intra-supply chain problem, we incorporate end products transportation cost and sales office's stock holding cost into a prior study (Chiu [01]) with the objective of deriving the optimal fabrication runtime. Solution to the problem is obtained through the use of mathematical modeling, optimization techniques, and a proposed recursive algorithm. Applicability of research result and sensitivity analyses are demonstrated thru numerical example.

Based on the theory of transmission that the Hy-Vo silent chain meshes with the sprocket, the meshing design system of the dual phase Hy-Vo silent chain link-sprocket-tool and the dynamics model of the dual phase Hy-Vo silent chain transmission system based on heart-shaped hole are built. The main design parameters of chain link, benchmark apothem and positioning offset angle, are designed and the harmonic relationship between them and the dual phase transmission system fluctuations is analyzed. The simulation analysis results show that the fluctuations of the dual phase transmission system are less than those of the single phase transmission system obviously no matter how the benchmark apothem and the positioning offset angle vary. Compared to the single phase transmission system, the angular velocity variation of the dual phase transmission system is smaller and the frequency is lower. In addition, the influence on fluctuation of Hy-Vo silent chain that the benchmark apothem and the positioning offset angle have is not a simple superposition, but the result of interaction. The research results of this paper will provide the support for parameter optimization of dual phase transmission Hy-Vo silent chain, and also provide some scientific basis for multi-variation coupling effect of the dual phase Hy-Vo silent chain system.

Hydrogen is becoming an important candidate for replacing fossil fuels in the future energy economy. As such, efficient hydrogen supply chain system planning and the promotion of its large-scale civilian and commercial application are needed. To identify research gaps in the field, this study reviews models and methods for planning hydrogen supply chain systems that have been employed over the past 15 years. Significant decision aspects and objectives in the hydrogen supply system are presented. Thereafter, problem types, modelling techniques and solution methods are analyzed and classified based on their individual characteristics. Finally, potential directions promoted by economic factors are recommended for future research.

A value chain consists of the actors (private and public, including service providers) and the sequence of value-adding activities involved in bringing a product from production to the end-consumer. In agriculture they can be thought of as a “farm-to-fork” set of inputs, processes and flows. Agricultural businesses in developing countries offer an opportunity for market based economic development that creates benefits throughout value chains. Sustainable development in agricultural value chains of emerging economies could be of high relevance of Sustainable Precision Agriculture.

By constructing an evolutionary game model of green dairy industry chain from the perspective of green sustainable development, this paper analyzed the evolution process of strategy selection of dairy farmers and dairy enterprises under the supervision of the government. The study found the following. (1) In the absence of supervision, even if the initial cooperation willingness of dairy farmers and dairy enterprises is strong, once the additional cost of their input of “green production” is less than the additional benefit, they will eventually choose noncooperative strategy. (2) In the case of government supervision, when the government punishment or subsidy is not strong enough, the strategic choice of dairy farmers and dairy enterprises will fluctuate repeatedly, and the game equilibrium cannot be reached. However, when the government punishments and subsidies are strong enough, dairy farmers and dairy enterprises will choose to cooperate in their own interests. At this time, government subsidies have a greater impact on the evolution of bilateral cooperation than government punishments. (3) The reduction of green production cost can promote the formation of the green dairy industry chain, which is conducive to the green dairy industry chain system to achieve an ideal equilibrium state.

The three-body closed-chain system cannot achieve the ideal LP equilibrium state under uncontrolled state, the main reasons are that there are slack and rebound phenomena in the tether between the three spacecraft, which is due to the low rotational rate of the tether system in the initial condition of LP equilibrium and the inability of the tether to withstand the pressure.

Caribbean sponges of the genus Smenospongia are a prolific source of chlorinated secondary metabolites. The use of molecular networking as a powerful dereplication tool revealed the presence in the metabolome of S. aurea of two new members of the smenamide family, namely smenamide F (1) and G (2). The structure of smenamide F (1) and G (2) was determined by spectroscopic analysis (NMR, MS, ECD). The relative and the absolute configuration at C-13, C-15, and C-16 was determined on the basis of the conformational rigidity of a 1,3-disubstituted alkyl chain system (i.e. the C-12/C-18 segment of compound 1). Smenamide F (1) and G (2) were shown to exert a selective moderate antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, while being inactive against MG-63.

Blockchain technology was envisaged to bring a universal solution to strengthen digital democracy: ensure digital trust, distribute power between members, minimise e-monopoly, and it all through the innovative way of digitising and transacting 'value'. The latter however was deemed to represent financial assets only, neglecting the value created by the intangibles - the non-financial value. Nevertheless, intangibles are established to play a significant role in impacting financial value and therefore need to be incorporated into the existing value chain system. This paper explores how blockchain technology can capture and transact not just financial value, but non-financial one, conveying this way total value.

Impurity-induced antiferromagnetism was observed in the S = 1/2 alternating chain compound NaCu2VP2O10 when a few nonmagnetic ions were substituted at the Cu sites. NaCu2VP2O10 showed a nonmagnetic...

Subsea production systems (SPSs) have dominated the exploration of deep-sea oil and gas fields because of their economic superiority. SPS is a high-investment and high-risk technology. A floating installation device (FID) and an installation method for the SPS using this device were designed in this study. The device is made of buoyant materials, allowing both the SPS and the FID to be kept in a suspended state. Thus, the restriction caused by the great weight of the SPS can be avoided. The dynamic response of the chain system and FID was analysed according to environmental loads and material characteristics. The feasibility of the design was validated through numerical simulation and theoretical computation.

Electronic waste (e-waste) has become environmental issue in Indonesia. Several tons of e-waste was generated each year. Available landfills will not be sufficient to accommodate e-waste that people produce. Waste bank become one of many solutions to overcome this problem. Implementation of pilot project in waste bank is needed to see the prospects of e-waste collection in waste bank. Thus, the goal of this research is to design a value chain system for e-waste collection prospect in waste bank and system simulation as the foundation for implementing a pilot project. Simulations on 2 scenarios had been done to determine profitability of e-waste collection’s pilot project in waste bank. Based on simulation, it is known that there is profit generated from e-waste recycling process for 2 scenarios. Ranges of profit for 2 months are Rp. 7.963.879 - Rp. 40.447.047 for scenario 1 and Rp. 7.952.394 – 40.435.561 for scenario 2. If only PCB component that could be recycled, profit for 2 months still can be generated in the range Rp. 689.964 – Rp. 6.398.486 for scenario 1 and Rp. 678.478 – Rp. 6.387.000 for scenario 2. Thus, implementation of e-waste collection’s pilot project in waste bank is profitable.

The article presents an analysis of the trends in the development of kinematic structures of modern machine-building technological equipment. The prospects of using machines with parallel kinematics in processing, measuring and handling equipment, their advantages and disadvantages are demonstrated. It is shown that it is inexpedient to use ball screw drives in machines with parallel kinematics, performing tasks of low accuracy, but with displacements of more than 3000 mm. The rigid chain system of the Serapid firm and the possibility of its use in machines with parallel kinematics are considered. A schematic solution of a three-coordinate manipulation robot based on parallel kinematics with drive mechanisms on rigid chains is proposed., 5 pages, 3 figures, for mist-2020

The construction of a national-level innovative city is an accelerator for rural revitalization, and the promotion of new kinetic energy for the construction of a national-level innovative city in Hengyang is a systematic project. It is necessary to build an urban innovation ecosystem, urban innovation chain system and urban innovation driving factor system with local characteristics based on its own innovative resource conditions. At the same time, we must cherish the entrepreneurial spirit, strengthen the team of high-tech entrepreneurs, continue to adjust the industrial structure in an orderly manner, focus on promoting the technological upgrading of key industries. Hengyang must speed up the improvement of a series of high-quality city construction science and technology policies and build a complete urban science and technology innovation ecosystem, it is necessary to continuously optimize the coordination and promotion mechanism of achievement transformation and industrialization development, and comprehensively promote the construction of a national-level innovative city in Hengyang City, thereby optimizing the path choice of Hengyang national innovative city construction.