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Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has been one of the most dangerous complications in total hip arthroplasty (THA). If a patient's pre-surgical DVT is overlooked, it can easily be mistaken for a post-operative thrombus and lead to an increased risk of DVT during and after surgery. This retrospective study was to explore the incidence and associated risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in non-fracture patients before total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: From September 2015 to September 2020, 1242 patients admitted for THA were enrolled with 1120 patients (90.2%) for primary THA and 122 patients (9.8%) for revision THA. An experienced sonographer performed a bedside ultrasound to detect DVT in bilateral lower limbs preoperatively. Univariate and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent risk factors. Results: 38 patients (3.1%) were detected with preoperative DVT. Univariate analysis showed that age (P < 0.001), D-dimer level (P = 0.002), female patients (P = 0.016), revision THA (P < 0.001), Barthel Index score (P = 0.010) were significantly associated with preoperative DVT. In subgroup comparison, the incidence of DVT increased with age significantly (P < 0.001) and D-dimer level (P < 0.001). In logistic regression analysis, age ≥ 75 years old (odds ratio [OR] 3.678, 95% CI [2.197–18.721], P < 0.001), gender (OR 2.709, 95% CI [1.244–5.896], P = 0.012), higher D-dimer ≥ 0.5 mg/l (OR 6.841, 95% CI [2.197–18.721], P < 0.001) and revision THA (OR 2.240, 95% CI [1.143–5.372], P = 0.05) were confirmed as the independent risk factors. Conclusions: The incidence of preoperative DVT in non-fracture patients was 3.1%, with 2.4% in primary THA and 9.0% in revision THA. Age ≥ 75 years old, female, D-dimer ≥ 0.5 mg/l, and revision THA were independent risk factors. When evaluating the risk factors associated with thrombus formation preoperatively, it is important to take these into account before surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses a special truck routing optimization problem in open-pit mines based on the minimization of time-varying transport energy consumption. A mixed-integer programming model is formulated to clearly describe the engineering problem, and a series of constraints are deduced to strengthen the model. To ensure that the model has time-varying characteristics, a method to estimate time-varying parameters is proposed by using pattern recognition and trend surface estimation. This time-varying resistance coefficient is mainly used to describe the process of road damage caused by frequent rolling of heavy trucks on the road surface. At the same time, in order to make the truck routing converge to the optimal energy consumption solution quickly, some definitions and properties are then provided based on stochastic theory, and a strategy to improve the computational efficiency of the model is proposed using these properties. Finally, an improved genetic algorithm is designed to solve the model. The results of experiments show that the proposed algorithm is effective and efficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reasonable production capacity is related to the economic benefits of an open-pit coal mine. This study analyzes the relationship between the working face length, the annual advancing speed and the production capacity. It constructs a production capacity function relationship model. Take the Baorixile open-pit coal mine as an example. The remaining unmined parts are divided into four regions, and the range of production capacity in each region is analyzed by the established model and the determined respectively. On this basis, three mining district division plans are proposed. By analyzing and comparing the stripping ratio, mining life of the district, fault influence, difficulty of transition connection in the mining districts, the convenience of transportation system layout and other indexes of each plan, Plan 3 is determined to be the optimal plan. The production capacity planning results of each mining district in this plan are as follows: the production capacity of the 3rd mining district is 30–35 Mt/a; the production capacity of the 4th mining district in Region 1 is 20–31 Mt/a, and the production capacity in Region 2 is 24–33 Mt/a; the production capacity of the 5th mining district is 20–27 Mt/a. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production plan of an open-pit mine depends on the block model, so it's crucial to determine the appropriate method and size for partitioning it. This study proposes a new method based on a closed shell three-dimensional geological model for determining block model size in open-pit mines. Instead of using regular block models, the shell model is directly cut, and the discrete geological body is referred to as the "mining model." Mining parameters and the shovel-truck's performance are integrated into the method. Bench height determines the Z-axis size, bench slope angle determines the inclination angle, and shovel width determines the X-axis size of the block model. The operation efficiency of the shovel-truck considers the probability distribution of simultaneous operations, allowing the determination of the Y-axis size of block models for different types of shovels. The developed "Mining Model" module in the software "Life Cycle Mining System" is used for practical implementation. By comparing the results with traditional block models, the superiority of the proposed method is demonstrated. This study provides a more accurate model for optimizing the production plan of open-pit mines throughout their life cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuromuscular junction (NMJ) degeneration is one of pathological factors of sarcopenia. Low‐magnitude high‐frequency vibration (LMHFV) was reported effective in alleviating the sarcopenia progress. However, no previous study has investigated treatment effects of LMHFV targeting NMJ degeneration in sarcopenia. We first compared morphological differences of NMJ between sarcopenic and non‐sarcopenic subjects, as well as young and old C57BL/6 mice. We then systematically characterized the age‐related degeneration of NMJ in SAMP8 against its control strain, SAMR1 mice, from 3 to 12 months old. We also investigated effects of LMHFV in SAMP8 on the maintenance of NMJ during the onset of sarcopenia with respect to the Agrin‐LRP4‐MuSK‐Dok7 pathway and investigated the mechanism related to ERK1/2 signaling. We observed sarcopenic/old NMJ presented increased acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) cluster fragmentation and discontinuity than non‐sarcopenic/young NMJ. In SAMP8, NMJ degeneration (morphologically at 6 months and functionally at 8 months) was observed associated with the sarcopenia onset (10 months). SAMR1 showed improved NMJ morphology and function compared with SAMP8 at 10 months. Skeletal muscle performance was improved at Month 4 post‐LMHFV treatment. Vibration group presented improved NMJ function at Months 2 and 6 posttreatment, accompanied with alleviated morphological degeneration at Month 4 posttreatment. LMHFV increased Dok7 expression at Month 4 posttreatment. In vitro, LMHFV could promote AChRs clustering in myotubes by increasing Dok7 expression through suppressing ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In conclusion, NMJ degeneration was observed associated with the sarcopenia onset in SAMP8. LMHFV may attenuate NMJ degeneration and sarcopenia progression by increasing Dok7 expression through suppressing ERK1/2 phosphorylation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a novel hybrid algorithm, named Multi-Strategy Hybrid Harris Hawks Tunicate Swarm Optimization Algorithm (MSHHOTSA). The primary objective of MSHHOTSA is to address the limitations of the tunicate swarm algorithm, which include slow optimization speed, low accuracy, and premature convergence when dealing with complex problems. Firstly, inspired by the idea of the neighborhood and thermal distribution map, the hyperbolic tangent domain is introduced to modify the position of new tunicate individuals, which can not only effectively enhance the convergence performance of the algorithm but also ensure that the data generated between the unknown parameters and the old parameters have a similar distribution. Secondly, the nonlinear convergence factor is constructed to replace the original random factor c1 to coordinate the algorithm's local exploitation and global exploration performance, which effectively improves the ability of the algorithm to escape extreme values and fast convergence. Finally, the swarm update mechanism of the HHO algorithm is introduced into the position update of the TSA algorithm, which further balances the local exploitation and global exploration performance of the MSHHOTSA. The proposed algorithm was evaluated on eight standard benchmark functions, CEC2019 benchmark functions, four engineering design problems, and a PID parameter optimization problem. It was compared with seven recently proposed metaheuristic algorithms, including HHO and TSA. The results were analyzed and discussed using statistical indicators such as mean, standard deviation, Wilcoxon's rank sum test, and average running time. Experimental results demonstrate that the improved algorithm (MSHHOTSA) exhibits higher local convergence, global exploration, robustness, and universality than BOA, GWO, MVO, HHO, TSA, ASO, and WOA algorithms under the same experimental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Research on the method of determining the block size for an open-pit mine integrating mining parameters and shovel-truck's operation efficiency." The original article contained an error in the Acknowledgements section, specifically the grant number for the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The corrected version of the article acknowledges the correct grant number. The authors of the article are Weiqiang Guo, Guangwei Liu, Jiaming Li, Senlin Chai, and Shupeng Guo. [Extracted from the article]

Objectives: To analyze the changes of lower limb hemodynamics parameters before and after wearing graduated compression stockings (GCS) during ankle pump exercise in patients preparing for arthroplastic surgery.Method: The leg veins of 16 patients awaiting arthroplasty were analyzed using a Sonosite M-Turbo ultrasound system during ankle pump exercise with or without GCS. The age of them was 70 ± 7 years (mean ± SD) (range 56-82 years) and body mass index was 25.8 ± 3.0 kg/m2 (range 18.0-30.5 kg/m2). Measured data including the cross-sectional area (CSA), anteroposterior (AP) diameter and lateromedial (LM) diameter of the soleus vein (SV), posterior tibial vein (PTV) and great saphenous vein (GSV). Additionally, the peak velocities of femoral vein (FV) were also measured.Results: GCS could significantly decrease the cross-sectional area of SV, PTV and GSV in supine position at rest and maximum ankle plantar flexion. But the compression effect of GCS to SV and GSV was not observed during maximum ankle dorsiflexion. It was found that GCS application reduced the peak flow velocity of the femoral vein from 61.85 cm/s (95% CI = 50.94-72.75 cm/s) to 38.01 cm/s (95% CI = 28.42-47.59 cm/s) (P < 0.001) during ankle plantar flexion and decreased the femoral vein in these patients from 80.65 cm/s (95% CI = 70.37-90.92 cm/s) to 51.15 cm/s (95% CI = 42.58-59.73 cm/s) (P < 0.001) during ankle dorsiflexion. But this effect was not significant in supine position at rest.Conclusions: GCS could significantly reduce the peak flow velocity of the femoral vein during ankle pump exercise in the patients preparing for arthroplastic surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The naturally tight entanglement of fibers in bacterial cellulose (BC) results in low printability when BC is used as a bioink for printing scaffolds. In this study, neat BC was treated by TEMPO-mediated oxidation (TO-BC) and maleic acid (MA-BC) to prepare homogeneous BC dispersions to fabricate scaffolds for bone regeneration. Results showed that the treatments released individual fibrils in the corresponding uniform dispersions without impairing inherent crystalline properties. Compared with TO-BC, MA-BC hybridized with gelatin could endow the gel with improved rheological properties and compression modulus for 3D printing. Both TO-BC and MA-BC dispersions showed good osteoblast viability. However, MA-BC possessed more pronounced ability to express osteogenic marker genes and formation of mineralized nodules in vitro. Compared with TO-BC-based gelatin scaffolds, MA-BC-based gelatin scaffolds showed a better ability to stimulate the regeneration of rat calvaria, demonstrating a higher bone mineral density of newly formed bone and trabecular thickness in vivo. • TEMPO and MA treatments can liberate individual fibrils in BC dispersion. • MA treated BC endows gelatin with better compression modulus for 3D printing. • MA treated BC shows best performance for bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the biological polysaccharide-based antioxidant polyglucose-sorbitol-carboxymethyl ether (PSC) was used as the precursor to synthesize Fe 2 O 3 @PSC nanoparticles, which are expected to scavenge excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) to inhibit osteogenesis and promote osteoclast differentiation in iron accumulation (IA)-related osteoporosis. The Fe 2 O 3 @PSC nanoparticles obtained were of a uniform particle size of 7.3 nm with elemental O/Fe/Cl/C at a ratio of 190:7:2:88. In addition, the Fe 2 O 3 @PSC nanoparticles showed the ability to supply equivalent amounts of iron as the typical iron agent ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, the Fe 2 O 3 @PSC nanoparticles not only induced antioxidative MC3T3-E1 and Raw 264.7 cells to scavenge ROS but also promoted osteogenic differentiation by activating Akt-GSK-3β-β-catenin and inhibiting osteoclast differentiation by inhibiting the MAPK and NF-κB pathways in vitro. In vivo , no IA-related osteoporosis was induced in a mouse model when enough iron was supplied by the Fe 2 O 3 @PSC nanoparticles. Overall, the biological polysaccharide-based antioxidant PSC can supply iron and prevent IA-related osteoporosis, indicating that it is a promising novel iron agent for applications to treat iron deficiency diseases. • PSC macro-molecule could scavenge ROS by activating cellular antioxidant pathways. • Fe 2 O 3 @PSC prevented iron-accumulation related osteoporosis by PSC's ROS scavenging effect in vitro and vivo. • Fe 2 O 3 @PSC supplied enough iron as conventional iron agent in vitro and vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims The mechanism of cough hypersensitivity induced by particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) remains elusive. The current study was designed to explore the effect of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) on cough hypersensitivity in airway and central nervous system. Main methods The PM2.5-induced chronic cough model of guinea pig was established by exposure to different doses of PM2.5 for three weeks. After exposure, the animals were microinjected with TRPV1 agonist capsaicine, antagonist capsazepine in the dorsal vagal complex respectively. Cough sensitivity was measured by determining the provocative concentration of citric acid inducing 5 or more coughs (C5). Airway inflammation was detected by hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and Evans blue fluorescence, and substance P (SP) and TRPV1 expressions in airway were observed by immunohistochemical staining. TRPV1 expressions in the dorsal vagal complex were observed by immunofluorescence. Retrograde tracing by pseudorabies virus-Bartha (PRV-Bartha) was conducted to confirm the regulatory pathway between airway and central nervous system. Key findings PM2.5 induced TRPV1 expressions in both of airway and dorsal vagal complex and airway neurogenic inflammation. Airway vascular permeability increased after being exposed to PM2.5. The expressions of SP in the airway and airway inflammation was increased after microinjecting TRPV1 agonist, and decreased after microinjecting TRPV1 antagonist. PRV infected neurons in medulla oblongata mainly located in the dorsal vagal complex. Significance These findings show that TRPV1 in the dorsal vagal complex could promote airway neurogenic inflammation and cough reflex sensitivity through neural pathways of vagal complex-airways, which indicate the therapeutic potential of specific inhibition of TRPV1 for chronic cough induced by PM2.5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • PVP and EC can be used to fabricate scaffolds by coaxial electrospinning. • The addition of gold nanoparticles improved the porosity and mechanical properties of PVP/EC scaffolds. • Gold nanoparticles-loadedPVP/EC coaxial electrospun nanofibers showed great osteogenic bioactivity both in vitro and in vivo. Biomaterial-based scaffolds fabricated by electrospinning technique are promising platforms for bone tissue engineering. However, the current scaffolds have some limitations in terms of poor osteogenic bioactivities. In this study, citrate-stabilized gold-nanoparticles (GNPs) were encapsulated into polyvinylpyrrolidone/ethylcellulose scaffolds fabricated by coaxial electrospinning technique. Three types of GNPs-loaded electrospun scaffolds (P/E-0.5, P/E-1, and P/E-1.5) were prepared by changing the feeding GNPs. The morphological and physicochemical properties of these GNPs-incorporated electrospun scaffolds were comprehensively characterized. The results demonstrated that GNPs were successfully encapsulated into electrospun scaffolds, and their addition barely affected the morphology but improved the porosity and mechanical properties. In vitro studies revealed that GNPs-incorporated electrospun scaffolds showed excellent biocompatibility and osteogenic bioactivities, wherein the alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralized nodule formation, and the osteogenic-related genes expression were enhanced in GNPs-incorporated electrospun scaffolds compared to the neat P/E electrospun nanofibers. Then, the GNPs-incorporated electrospun scaffolds were surgically implanted into the defect area of the rat skull bone to test their in vivo bone repairing effect. It was observed that GNPs-incorporated scaffolds rapidly accelerated bone regeneration in vivo. Taken together, GNPs-incorporated coaxial electrospun nanofibers might be considered as promising scaffolds in the field of bone tissue regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • High-throughput controlled generation of magnetic biohybrid microspheres. • Flexible and efficient purification of bFGF protein using biohybrid microspheres. • Enhanced diabetic wound healing using bFGF-conjugated biohybrid microspheres. Chronic wounds represent a major clinical problem with high morbidity and mortality. A variety of biomaterials and bioactive compounds have been proven to be effective on wound healing. Here, novel multifunctional biohybrid microspheres are presented, and one-step protein separation and applications in chronic wound healing was realized for the first time. The magnetic biohybrid microspheres composed of agarose and hyaluronic acid are simply produced by the microfluidic electrospray. With glutathione, microspheres are capable to capture and isolate the growth factor-bFGF, which is produced using E. coli expression system. Moreover, hyaluronic acid and glutathione as natural anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative agents, are observed to reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Conjugated with active bFGF, these biohybrid microspheres could significantly promote angiogenesis in chronic wounds as evidenced by in vivo studies using diabetic mice. Thus, this flexible, biohybrid and multifunctional microsphere system may be widely used in the design of various bioactive proteins and relevant biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]