Search

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an inflammatory skin condition that is often misdiagnosed as a necrotizing infection. This diagnosis must be considered in any patient with underlying systemic disease who presents with large ulcerating lesions that are unresponsive to antibiotics. Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach to treatment are crucial to achieving improvement in quality of life and minimizing cosmetic morbidity.

Lyme disease is a tick-borne illness that occurs in stages, multiple organs and tissue with highly variable clinical presentation. Most commonly, it presents with seventh cranial nerve palsy, often mimicking stroke and atypical rash (erythema migrans). Atypical presentations include abdominal pain, ileus/pseudo-obstruction and constipation thought to be due to autonomic dysfunction. Other less common presentations include Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormones (SIADH). Lyme disease should be a differential when a patient presents from Lyme endemic areas with abdominal pain, constipation and SIADH in the setting of other causes of gastrointestinal and renal symptoms ruled out. Here we present a case of multisystem involvement in a single patient with Lyme Disease along with neuroborreliosis (neurological manifestation of Lyme disease).

Remdesivir is an antiviral drug currently being studied as a potential treatment of pneumonia caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. The Adaptive Covid-19 Treatment Trial (ACTT-1) by NIH and the SIMPLE study by Gilead Sciences are two major trials that showed promising results of Remdesivir in the non-pregnant population. We are presenting the case of a pregnant patient who was diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia and successfully treated with Remdesivir.

Abstract Telomeres are repetitive nucleotide sequences that prevent chromosomal shortening in cell replication. Short telomeres have been implicated in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease. Patients with short telomere related pulmonary fibrosis can have computed tomography (CT) findings inconsistent with pro‐typical usual interstitial pneumonia/idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (UIP/IPF) pattern. They can have rapid progression and overall worse prognosis. Antifibrotic drugs, like pirfenidone, can be used to slow the progression of disease, but there is conflicting data in patients with Telomerase reverse transcriptase/Telomerase RNA component (TERT/TERC) mutations, hence genetic testing plays an important role in determining the therapeutic options. These patients should be referred for lung transplantation early. We present a case of rapidly progressive pulmonary fibrosis associated with short telomere.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM), a rare occurrence, is defined by the presence of extraluminal gas in the mediastinum in the absence of trauma or underlying parenchymal disease. It is usually benign and has been associated with the inhalation of marijuana, cocaine, and amphetamines. The breathing maneuvers along with cyclical vomiting have been postulated as the underlying etiology. We present a case of a 27-year-old previously healthy male who presented with sudden onset chest pain and was found to have marijuana-induced pneumomediastinum.

Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis are a major cause of hospitalization and cause high mortality. Several risk factors, such as smoking, immobilization, cancer, trauma, OCPs, pregnancy, and surgery, have already been identified. The diagnosis of PE can sometimes rely on high clinical suspicion. We report a case of a young 31-year-old male with no known risk factors, who developed a PE after 5 months of clomiphene therapy.

Background: Forensic sciences, a well-established branch in the field of medicine and dentistry always aids in revealing person identity by various methods. Commonly used techniques are analysis of teeth, fingerprints, and DNA comparison, which allowing fast and secure identification processes. However, these techniques cannot always be applied, in some cases, it is necessary to apply different and less known techniques. Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the uniqueness of palatal rugae pattern in Himachal ethnicity population and whether there is any relation between pattern of rugae in gingivitis, chronic periodontitis, and aggressive periodontitis. Settings and Design: The present study includes maxillary impressions cast in dental stone of patients attending and were divided into three groups of gingivitis, aggressive periodontitis, and chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: In our study, palatal rugae pattern were then evaluated on maxillary casts for the number and shape using calcorrugoscopy. Statistical Analysis: Comparison of means of number of rugae in three groups was done using independent sample t-test, and comparison of mean of different shapes was done employing analysis of variance. The level of significance was fixed at P< 0.05. Results: The most prevalent palatal rugae shape in aggressive periodontitis was found to be angle followed by Sinuous and in chronic and aggressive periodontitis was sinuous followed by line pattern. Conclusions: The differences in rugae shape between the three groups may be attributed to genetic factors, disease progression, and recent shared ancestry has probably rendered their differences to moderate levels.

Labiogingival groove is a congenital morphologic dental anomaly, in which an infolding of the inner enamel epithelium and Hertwig's epithelial root sheath create a groove extending varying depth into root. Epithelial attachment can be breached by gingival irritation secondary to plaque accumulation creating a periodontal defect that spreads to the pulp causing primary periodontal/secondary endodontic. A 12-year-old boy reported with the complaint of painful tooth with pus discharge from labial gingival surface in the maxillary right lateral incisor for 4 months. Intraoral examination revealed bluish red gingiva with loss of contour in relation to maxillary right lateral incisor and purulent discharge in relation to it. A provisional diagnosis of localized gingival abscess in relation to maxillary right incisor (primary periodontic and secondary endodontic involvement) was given, and required treatment was carried out. On exposure of the involved tooth, a labiogingival groove was noticed which could have been a contributing factor for the progression of the condition.