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The new p-version crack model is proposed to estimate the bending stress intensity factors of the thick cracked plate under flexure. The proposed model is based on high order theory and hierarchical C0-plate element including shear deformation. The displacement fields are defined by integrals of Legendre polynomials which can be classified into three groups, e.g. basic, side and internal mode. The computer implementation allows arbitrary variations of p-level up to a maximum value of 10. The bending stress intensity factors are computed by the virtual crack extension approach. The effects of ratios of thickness to crack length (h/a), crack length to width (a/W) and boundary conditions are investigated. Very good agreement with the existing solution in the literature is shown for the uncracked plate as well as the cracked plate.

Civil engineering constructions need to measure their conditions and states using many kinds of contact sensors because they are so huge and change very slowly. The constructions are built for all the citizens, so they must be measured carefully. In this paper, the development results of vision system for the vibration measurement in the civil engineering constructions using camera system are proposed. The system consists of a CCD digital camera, a telephoto lens, Pan & Tilt equipments and a dynamic measurement program. The camera calibrations are carried out for an experiment of the dynamic measurement system on a bridge. The experimental results are achieved on the bridges to verify the effectiveness of and its applicability of the proposed vision system in the practical fields.