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We propose a novel multi-flow transmitter concept capable of controlling the number, type, wavelength, and destination of the generated optical flows depending on the client traffic. The concept is based on the selection of the number of optical carriers per flow and the selection between single- and dual-polarization flows. We demonstrate the proof-of-concept combining two commercial In-Phase/Quadrature (IQ) modulators with two prototype polymer circuits, which integrate three tunable lasers for flexible wavelength allocation, four thermo-optic switches for flexible optical routing on-chip, and elements for polarization handling on-chip. We incorporate this transmitter inside an optical node, and we investigate one-flow scenarios with dual-carrier or dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, and two-flow scenarios based on two independent QPSK signals. The transmitter and node configuration are controlled by a software-defined optics platform. We demonstrate dynamic operation at 28 GBd and error-free coherent transmission over 100 km of the standard single-mode fiber.

Polymers hold the promise for ultra-fast modulation of optical signals due to their potential for ultra-fast electro-optic (EO) response and high EO coefficient. In this work, we present the basic structure and properties of an efficient EO material system, and we summarize the efforts made within the project ICT-POLYSYS for the development of high-speed transmitters based on this system. More specifically, we describe successful efforts for the monolithic integration of multi-mode interference (MMI) couplers and Bragg-gratings (BGs) along with Mach–Zehnder modulators (MZMs) on this platform, and for the hybrid integration of InP active elements in the form of laser diodes (LDs) and gain chips (GCs). Using these integration techniques and the combination of the hybrid optical chips with ultra-fast indium phosphide double heterojunction bipolar transistor (InP-DHBT) electronics, we develop and fully package a single 100 Gb/s transmitter and a 2×100 Gb/s transmitter that can support serial operation at this rate with conventional non-return-to-zero on-off-keying (NRZ-OOK) modulation format. We also present the experimental evaluation of the devices, validating the efficiency of the monolithic and hybrid integration concepts and confirming the potential of this technology for single-lane 100 Gb/s optical connectivity in data-center network environments. Results from transmission experiments to this end include the achievement of BER close to 6·10 −9 in B2B configuration, the achievement of BER lower than 10 −7 for propagation over standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) with total length up to 1000 m, and the achievement of BER at the level of 10 −5 after 1625 m of SSMF. Finally, plans for the use of the EO polymer system in a more complex hybrid integration platform for high-flexibility/high-capacity transmitters are also outlined.

We introduce a hybrid integration platform based on the combination of passive and electro-optic polymers. We analyze the optical and physical compatibility of these materials and describe the advantages that our hybrid platform is expected to have for the development of transmitters in terms of operation flexibility and speed. We combine our platform with InP electronics and develop a transmitter with 22-nm tunability in the C-band and potential for serial non-return-to-zero on-off-keying operation directly at 100 Gb/s. We investigate its transmission performance at 80 and 100 Gb/s using dispersion uncompensated standard single-mode fiber and demonstrate bit-error rate (BER) lower than 10(-10) at 80 Gb/s after 1625 m, lower than 10(-10) at 100 Gb/s after 500 m, lower than 10(-9) at 100 Gb/s after 1000 m, and BER 10(-7) at the same rate after 1625 m. We also employ the transmitter inside an experimental setup, which aims to emulate an optical circuit switched (OCS) domain of an intradata center network, and demonstrate at 100 Gb/s the way, in which its wavelength tunability can resolve contentions and improve the flexibility and the efficiency of the network. Finally, we outline our next plans, including the development of flexible and ultra-fast transmitters for coherent systems using the same polymer-to-polymer integration platform.

BIOFOS aims to further develop and validate a reusable and high-added value Lab-on-Chip (LoC) based, micro-biophotonic sensor platform for in situ monitoring of food contaminants. The Lab-on-Chip was tested on milk (aflatoxin M1, antibiotics and lactose), olive oil (pesticides and metals), nuts (aflatoxin B1) and dehydrated fruits (ochratoxin A). BIOFOS combines the most promising concepts from the photonic, biological, nanochemical and fluidic parts of Lab-on-Chip systems, aiming to achieve low sensitivity and high specificity, excellent reliability and compactness. Current methodologies for detection of food contamination based on heavy analytical tools cannot guarantee a safe and stable food supply. The reasons are the complexity, the long time-to-result (2-3 days) and the cost of these tools, which limit the number of samples that can be practically analyzed at food processing and storage sites. Preliminary results for almonds spiked with aflatoxin B1 are presented. First results suggest that BIOFOS has sensitivity enough for AFB1, even that the concentration is at ppb level. More data are still required, and many analyses are ongoing in the laboratory. Results are not enough to conclude about any characteristics of the device performance, even then repeatability seems very good (variation less than 3% at 25 ppb) and recovery is acceptable (78.4%), while decision limit and detection capability are still uncertain.

Hybrid modules technology using a passive polymeric substrate and InP and InP/InGaAs active components is shown to be competitive in terms of performance, power consumption and applicability in metro and data center interconnection networks.

Within the European project HAMLET, we develop a large scale photonic integrated circuit as a flexible interface between the optical front-haul part and the wireless access part at the remote antenna units (RAU) of future 5G networks. The circuit will be based on the hybrid integration of a polymer platform (PolyBoard) with a low-loss silicon-nitride platform (TriPleX), and will accommodate a number of processing functionalities in the digital and analog domains including optical beamforming. The analog optical link on-chip will be based on the use of graphene-based electro-absorption modulators in the polymer part of the circuit and will be able to transfer through the optical beamforming network radio signals at 28 GHz with 1 Gbaud symbol rate and modulation format up to 64-QAM. In this paper, we present early experimental results with bulk components that emulate the operation and evaluate the expected performance of our optical system on-chip.

In this paper, different approaches to implement all-optical flip-flops, working with a synchronization signal, will be presented and compared. In this type of optical bistable devices, the information present at the inputs produces effects on the outputs, throughout all the clock pulse period. The performance of optical clocked flip-flops will be studied in terms of extinction ratio (ER), switching energies and switching times. © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. published

In this paper we present a multi-flow transmitter developed within the EU project PANTHER and we evaluate its first proof-of-concept demonstration of up to two single- or dual-polarization optical flows with selectable wavelength, m-QAM modulation format, number of carriers and destination. Multiflow operation is realized by two polymer boards allowing optical carrier management and optional polarization multiplexing on chip. Optical carrier generation is performed also on chip using three tunable InP gain chips hybridly integrated on the input polyboard. Single and dual optical flow generation is feasible with appropriate distribution of the client data in the digital domain and encapsulation into OTN containers. Configuration of the electrical and optical transmitter resources is performed via a developed software defined optics (SDO) platform residing on top of the transmitter and acting as the interface between any software defined switch and the physical layer transport equipment. The transmitter has been evaluated within a flexible network node comprising programmable flexible wavelength selective switches (WSSs). Two single-flow scenarios based on a dual-polarization m-QAM signal and a two-carrier m-QAM optical flow and dual-flow scenarios based on two independent m-QAM signals have been evaluated at 28 Gbaud after transmission over 100 km standard single mode fiber (SSMF).

We demonstrate a Dynamic Capacity Allocation scheme for the realization of Moving Extended Cells in Radio-over-Fiber networks. Our scheme exploits a reconfigurable MEMS-based Central Office architecture for routing of and switching between six data carrying wavelengths, forming in this way cell clusters that transmit the same information content and can move with the mobile user. Error free transmission through 25 km SMF is presented for a 5-cell MEC structure, with each optical channel carrying 500 Mb/s data subcarrier-modulated at 8.5 GHz.

We demonstrate, by using multiple Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI)-semiconductor optical amplifier structures, an all-optical synchronous D type flip-flop, with high-photonic integration capability. Experimental performance analysis shows its functional and performance feasibility and high-switching speeds were achieved. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:1201-1204, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25998

Hybrid photonic integration allows individual components to be developed at their best-suited material platforms without sacrificing the overall performance. In the past few years a polymer-enabled hybrid integration platform has been established, comprising 1) EO polymers for constructing low-complexity and low-cost Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs) with extremely high modulation bandwidth; 2) InP components for light sources, detectors, and high-speed electronics including MUX drivers and DEMUX circuits; 3) Ceramic (AIN) RF board that links the electronic signals within the package. On this platform, advanced optoelectronic modules have been demonstrated, including serial 100 Gb/s [1] and 2x100 Gb/s [2] optical transmitters, but also 400 Gb/s optoelectronic interfaces for intra-data center networks [3]. To expand the device functionalities to an unprecedented level and at the same time improve the integration compatibility with diversified active / passive photonic components, we have added a passive polymer-based photonic board (polyboard) as the 4th material system. This passive polyboard allows for low-cost fabrication of single-mode waveguide networks, enables fast and convenient integration of various thin-film elements (TFEs) to control the light polarization, and provides efficient thermo-optic elements (TOEs) for wavelength tuning, light amplitude regulation and light-path switching.

In this paper, we address the experimental implementation of an all-optical packet routing scheme, with contention resolution capability, using interconnected semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer (SOA-MZI) structures. Cross talk stemming from the blocked packets, due to the nonideal switching performed by the SOA-MZIs, is analyzed in every stage of the routing configuration. The routing functions and states performance are evaluated through bit-error ratio measurements and extinction ratio analysis. © 2014 Optical Society of America. published

We report on the simultaneous 2R regeneration of up to three 42.7-Gb/s wavelength-division-multiplexing channels in a simple dispersion-managed fiber section with signal quality improvements higher than 1.7 dB. The regenerator relies on self-phase modulation-induced spectral broadening of the optical channels inside the fiber section and subsequent bandpass filtering at shifted wavelengths, and it is experimentally investigated in single-, dual-, and three-channel operation using optical pulses of 33% duty cycle.

We propose a simple all-optical clock recovery technique for short data packets at 160 Gb/s, and beyond, which is based on the concept of using a Fabry-Peacuterot filter (FPF). The novel feature of the technique is the use of a highly nonlinear fiber followed by an optical bandpass filter, centered at the initial carrier wavelength, which acts as an ultrafast power limiter, removing drastically the amplitude modulation of the FPF's output and providing the clock signal

International audience; This study provides a review of all-optical flip-flops (AOFFs) technologies, and their possible experimentalimplementation solutions, for a variety of applications in optical communication networks. A description of the state-of-theartexperimental implementations and validation testing of the technologies used in different AOFFs schemes is made,presenting to the interested reader an overview of the up to date AOFFs design schemes. Some of the research resultspresented in this study were performed under the EU NoE EURO-FOS project consortium. This study also providesresearchers working on this topic with interesting trends that are worth considering in their own research studies.

An aggregation scheme based on a D(Q)PSK/ASK comb transmission in the feeder is presented. A shared delay interferometer allows simple ONUs that are assisted by a ring resonator.

We investigate through numerical studies and experiments the performance of a large scale, silica-on-silicon photonic integrated circuit for multi-format regeneration and wavelength-conversion. The circuit encompasses a monolithically integrated array of four SOAs inside two parallel Mach-Zehnder structures, four delay interferometers and a large number of silica waveguides and couplers. Exploiting phase-incoherent techniques, the circuit is capable of processing OOK signals at variable bit rates, DPSK signals at 22 or 44 Gb/s and DQPSK signals at 44 Gbaud. Simulation studies reveal the wavelength-conversion potential of the circuit with enhanced regenerative capabilities for OOK and DPSK modulation formats and acceptable quality degradation for DQPSK format. Regeneration of 22 Gb/s OOK signals with amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise and DPSK data signals degraded with amplitude, phase and ASE noise is experimentally validated demonstrating a power penalty improvement up to 1.5 dB.

The ICT-APACHE research project is focusing on the development of cost-effective, compact, scalable and agile integrated components capable of generating, regenerating and receiving multi-level encoded data signals for high capacity (>100 Gb/s) WDM optical networks. APACHE technology relies on InP active, monolithic chips, hybridly integrated on silica-on-silicon planar lightwave platforms in order to achieve cost-efficiency, high yield, low power consumption and device scaling beyond the level commercially available today. The APACHE integration approach is implemented in a two-dimensional plan, horizontally and vertically, in order to enable multi-functionality and increased capacity, respectively. The final goal of the APACHE project is the fabrication of integrated arrays of transmitters, receivers and regenerators that will operate with 100 Gb/s OOK, DPSK and DQPSK modulated signals, allowing for 1 Terabit/s on-chip capacity. In this paper, we will review the latest results from the system-level characterization of the developed components and will outline the roadmap for future endeavours.

Simultaneous dual-channel OOK and DPSK regeneration at 21.328Gb/s using a single monolithic quad-SOA array hybridly integrated on a silica-on-silicon PLC is demonstrated. The transmission performance of the regenerated signals was evaluated up to 950 km.

“Copyright © [2010] IEEE. Reprinted from International Computer Engineering Conference ICENCO’2010. ISBN: 978-1-61284-184-7 This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to pubs-permissions@ieee.org. By choosing to view this document, you agree to all provisions of the copyright laws protecting it.” We experimentally demonstrate the accuracy of an all-optical S-R latch and an optical S-R flip-flop based on hybrid integrated Mach-Zehnder Interferometers, with Semiconductor Optical Amplifier in each arm (MZI-SOA). The performance of both bistable devices will be studied and compared in terms of extinction ratio and switching times.

A regenerative optical grooming switch for interconnecting 100 Gbit/s networks with lower bit-rate networks and switching functionality in time, space and wavelength domain is demonstrated. Lab and field demonstrations show the feasibility of the new concept. Q-factors above 20 dB are reported.

An all-optical clocked set-reset flip-flop is experimentally demonstrated. It is based on a hybrid-integrated S-R latch and two additional Mach-Zehnder interferometer structures with semiconductor optical amplifiers acting as AND logic gates. The switching behaviour of the synchronous S-R flip-flop was investigated and 18 dB extinction ratio performance was achieved.

The feasibility of transmitting 0.87 Tbit/s dual polarization D8PSK-OTDM over 110 km is, for the first time, demonstrated along with 0.44 Tbit/s single polarization D8PSK-OTDM over 220 km in conventional 55-km span SMF+DCF link.

We present all‐optical regeneration at 40 Gb/s for On‐Off Keying (OOK) and Differential Phase‐Shift Keying (DPSK) signals using a multi‐functional Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) based Mach‐Zehnder Interferometer (MZI). Error free operation for both circuits was achieved indicating that this device can be used effectively as a regenerator for both OOK and DPSK modulation formats.

We demonstrate heterogeneous wireless signal transmission over 25 km standard single mode fiber (SSMF) employing dual-subcarrier optical frequency multiplication (OFM) with phase-shift keying (PSK) transmission and demodulation by a delay interferometer at the antenna site.

A regenerative optical grooming switch for interconnecting 130 Gbit/s and 40 Gbit/s networks with switching functionality in time, space and wavelength domain is demonstrated. Lab and field demonstrations show the feasibility of the new concept developed by the TRIUMPH project consortia. Q-factors above 20 dB are reported.

Two experimental implementations of amplitude regeneration of WDM signals based on self-phase modulation (SPM) in optical fibres are discussed. The two examples differ in their approach of mitigation of inter-channel nonlinearities.

We experimentally investigate a dispersion managed four-channel 2R regenerator that relies on self-phase modulation-induced spectral broadening and offset filtering at four shifted wavelengths. The device consists of several alternating sections of dispersion compensating fibres (DCF) and single mode fibres (SMF). Due to this arrangement and the use of low duty-cycle return-to-zero (RZ) pulses nonlinear interchannel effects are sufficiently mitigated resulting in almost no additional degradation compared to the single-channel case.

A novel switch concept is introduced that offers transparent optical grooming of 10 and 40 Gb/s traffic in an access network onto a metro core ring network operated at 130 Gb/s traffic. Key functionalities of the router are the traffic aggregation with time-slot interchanging (TSI) functionality, the TDM to WDM demultiplexing of the high-speed channel into lower bit-rate tributaries as well as multi-wavelength all-optical 2R regeneration of several highest-speed signals.

We demonstrate 43 Gb/s multi-channel 2R regeneration in a single dispersion-managed fiber, based on SPM-induced spectral broadening and subsequent offset filtering.

A network concept is introduced that exploits transparent optical grooming of traffic between an access network and a metro core ring network. This network is enabled by an optical router that allows bufferless aggregation of metro network traffic into higher-capacity data streams for core network transmission. A key functionality of the router is WDM to time-division multiplexing (TDM) transmultiplexing.

We demonstrate an optical clock recovery circuit that extracts the line rate component on a per packet basis from short data packets at 40 Gb/s. The circuit comprises a Fabry-Perot filter followed by a novel power limiting configuration, which in turn consists of a 5m highly nonlinear bismuth oxide fiber in cascade with an optical bandpass filter. Both experimental and simulation-based results are in close agreement and reveal that the proposed circuit acquires the timing information within only a small number of bits, yielding a packet clock for every respective data packet. Moreover, we investigate theoretically the scaling laws for the parameters of the circuit for operation beyond 40 Gb/s and present simulation results showing successful packet clock extraction for 160 Gb/s data packets. Finally, the circuit’s potential for operation at 320 Gb/s is discussed, indicating that ultrafast packet clock recovery should be in principle feasible by exploiting the passive structure of the device and the fsec-scale nonlinear response of the optical fiber.

In the present paper, the authors demonstrated successful CR from short optical packets at 40 Gb/s, using a recently introduced technique that allows in principle for operation at ultra-high bit rates far beyond 40 Gb/s. The technique is based on the previously reported scheme that uses a Fabry-Perot Filter (FPF) for producing a clock resembling signal, followed by an optical power limiter in order to remove the strong peak power variation of the FPF's output, and thus provide a clock signal of high quality. Unlikely to the previous implementations of the scheme, the power limiting functionality is not based on semiconductor-based devices, but rather on the use of a nonlinear fiber, erasing in principle any operational bit rate limitations of the scheme.

We demonstrate a large-scale silica-on-silicon photonic integrated circuit with 4 hybridly integrated SOAs for multi-format regeneration and wavelength conversion. Power penalty improvement up to 1.5dB is reported for degraded OOK and PSK signals.

We report on the transmission performance of a 10×10Gb/s low-cost photonic integrated transceiver comprising a reflective SOA-based laser array and a reflective EAM array over 825km under mixed 10G/40G traffic conditions at 50GHz grid.

We present the RAWC, the first Ring Resonator Assisted Wavelength Converter employing a SOA and a tunable, Si 3 N 4 -SiO 2 micro-ring resonator ROADM. We demonstrate inverted, non-inverted and WDM-enabled wavelength conversion with low power penalties.

We describe an all-optical method for rate multiplication of pseudo-random bit sequences. We quadruplicate, error-freely to 50 Gb/s, a 27−1, 12.5 Gb/s sequence. The scheme is a feedback loop and comprises of two nonlinear gates.

All-optical regeneration is considered as a key technology for future optical networks, since it prevents the accumulation of signal's distortion. Ideally, an all-optical regenerator should be scalable with the number of the WDM channels that are transmitted. In the present paper we study the cascadeability of a fiber-based subsystem introducing its operation as an efficient and simple in-line regeneration scheme for WDM systems.

Recent optical technologies are providing higher flexibility to next generation access networks: on the one hand, providing progressive FTTx and specifically FTTH deployment, progressively shortening the copper access network; on the other hand, also opening fixed-mobile convergence solutions in next generation PON architectures. It is provided an overview of the optical subsystems developed for the implementation of the proposed NG-Access Networks.

(40-Word Limit): We present the first integrated 100 Gb/s NRZ-OOK transmitter for datacom/telecom applications based on electro-optic polymers and hybrid integration of an InP laser diode and InP-DHBT electronics. Successful operation is confirmed through BER measurements and eye-diagrams at 80-100 Gb/s.

We experimentally report simultaneous 2R all-optical regeneration of four WDM channels using a dispersion-managed Mamyshev scheme. Inter-channel crosstalk effects are minimized resulting in almost no additional degradation arising from the presence of the multiple channels.

We present a new forwarding-gate scheme using a single SOA-MZI. We show a bi-stable behavior with a 13.6 dB extinction-ratio and rise and fall times below 30ps. Error-free operation is achieved at 40 Gb/s.

In this paper, we validate the intrinsic capability of optical beamforming networks (OBFNs) to support simultaneously multi-beam and multicast operations. Through simulation analyses and assuming operation in the downlink direction of a wireless system, we verify the capability of an OBFN based on Blassmatrix architecture and an OBFN based on true-time delay (TTD) elements to support this hybrid mode of operation by calculating the radiation patterns and the resultant constellation diagrams of the demodulated signals at the corresponding observation angles. Finally, we experimentally assess the performance of a 1×4 TTD-OBFN based on commercially available components in the case of multicast operation. Using microwave signals at 15 GHz carrier frequency, high order modulation formats and 1 Gbaud symbol rates, we modulate the amplitude of a single optical carrier. After the processing of the modulated signals by the OBFN, we validate its potential to support multicast operation by calculating the BER of the received signals at the corresponding observation angles as a function of the optical power at the output of the OBFN. The BER remains below 10-3 for received optical power higher than -4 dBm, validating the potential of this OBFN architecture to support multicast operation.

We introduce a platform based on passive and electro-optic polymers, and present a serial 100G transmitter with 22-nm tunability. We achieve 100-Gb/s transmission over 1625-m, and demonstrate the flexibility of the transmitter inside data-center networks.

Round-Robin measurements on the linewidth enhancement factor are carried out within several laboratories participating to EU COST 289 Action. The a-factor is measured by applying up to 7 different techniques. The obtained results are compared. (C) 2007 Optical Society of America