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The low efficiency of nitrogen (N) fertilizers is a frequent problem in agriculture that impacts the environment. Omeprazole (OMP) has been reported to promote N uptake and assimilation in tomato, basil, and corn. However, information about the effect of omeprazole on N assimilation, recovery, and N use efficiency parameters for bean plants is limited. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the effect of foliar applications of OMP at 0, 1, 10, and 100 µM on nitrogen assimilation, growth, yield, nitrogen use efficiency parameters, and recovery percentage in green bean plants. Green bean plants cv. Strike grown in pots were used. Biomass, yield, nitrate reductase activity, photosynthetic pigments concentration, soluble amino acids and protein concentrations, total nitrogen concentration, nitrogen use efficiency parameters, and nitrogen recovery were analyzed. The results obtained indicate that the application of OMP at 1 µM increased yield and biomass, promoted N assimilation through higher NR enzyme activity, higher amino acid concentration, higher N use efficiency coefficient, and allowed a more efficient nitrogen recovery percentage.

Acute heart failure (HF) is associated with poor prognosis. After the acute event, there is a vulnerable period during which the patient has a marked risk of readmission or death. Therefore, early optimization of treatment is mandatory during the vulnerable period. The objective of this article is to provide recommendations to address the management of patients with HF during the vulnerable period from a practical point of view. A group of Mexican experts met to prepare a consensus document. The vulnerable period, with a duration of up to 6 months after the acute event – either hospitalization, visit to the emergency department or the outpatient clinic/day hospital – represents a real window of opportunity to improve outcomes for these patients. To best individualize the recommendations, the management strategies were divided into three periods (early, intermediate and late vulnerable period), including not only therapeutic options but also evaluation and education. Importantly, the recommendations are addressed to the entire cardiology team, including physicians and nurses, but also other specialists implicated in the management of these patients. In conclusion, this document represents an opportunity to improve the management of this population at high risk, with the aim of reducing the burden of HF.

Objetivo: Demostrar la experiencia adquirida en un hospital de tercer nivel de atención en México desde la implementacio?n del programa de donacio?n renal pareada (KPD). Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, anali?tico, longitudinal y prospectivo de septiembre de 2018 a septiembre de 2022. Se incluyeron todos los enfermos renales cro?nicos G5 KDIGO que en el protocolo pretrasplante resultaron HLA o ABO incompatibles con sus donantes originales y que fueron trasplantados bajo programa KPD. Resultados: Se realizaron 34 trasplantes renales bajo este programa. A un año postrasplante, la sobrevida del injerto fue del 97%, la tasa de filtracio?n glomerular fue 76.18 (± 21.91) ml/min/1.73 m² SC y la incidencia de rechazos fue del 17.6%. Estos resultados fueron estadísticamente mejores que los presentados en un grupo histórico de trasplantados renales previa desensibilización por haber tenido una prueba cruzada originalmente incompatible: sobrevida del injerto 51.1% (p = 0.019), tasa de filtración glomerular 51.79 (± 26.29) ml/min/1.73 m² SC e incidencia de rechazos del 51.1%. Conclusiones: En México, el trasplante bajo programa de KPD constituye una modalidad exitosa cuando existe incompatibilidad HLA/ABO o sensibilización. La mayor utilizacio?n y la socializacio?n de este programa puede aumentar la tasa de trasplante renal nacional, disminuyendo la lista de espera.

Sotol (Dasylirion leiophyllum) grows in the Chihuahan Desert in the north of Mexico and south of the United States. The stem of this species is used to produce a liquor widely known as sotol. A field sampling and a laboratory analysis were carried out to determine the influence of the rainy season, altitude, topography, and aspect over the soluble solid content (°Brix) and bromatological variables of mature plants of sotol in Chihuahua, Mexico. Analyses of variance and Tukey tests were performed. The rainy season and altitude showed significant statistical influence (p ≤ 0.05) on the total soluble solids content; meanwhile, only altitude showed a significant effect on the bromatological variables (p ≤ 0.05). According to the results of the Tukey tests (p < 0.05), sotol plants have the highest concentrations of soluble solid contents before the rainy season (25 °Brix) and at sites with altitudes lower than 1300 m (25.95 °Brix). In addition, the means of raw protein and carbohydrates content were the highest in plants living at altitudes lower than 1500 m, at 1.93% and 31.74%, respectively. Meanwhile, topography, aspect, and the interactions of the evaluated factors did not show significant influence (p ≤ 0.05) over the total soluble solid content, nor over the bromatological variables studied.

The jalapeño pepper is a vegetable of great economic importance worldwide. However, low germination efficiency, weak seedlings, and a high mortality rate during transplant compromise the viability and sustainability of the crop. An innovative solution is the nanopriming technique, an emerging and novel technology, which involves the imbibition of seeds for a specific period using mineral nanoparticles. The addition of micronutrients such as zinc and molybdenum has been used in seed germination and early seedling development due to their crucial roles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using zinc–molybdenum nanopriming in jalapeño pepper on germination and early growth. The results showed that applying nanopriming (124–10 mg L−1 of zinc–molybdenum) promotes the effectiveness on the imbibition and germination of jalapeño pepper seeds, resulting in heavier seeds with a better initial absorption. This method not only improves germination rates and seedling vigor, but also points towards more sustainable and efficient agriculture. Building on these findings, the zinc–molybdenum nanopriming method could potentially transform jalapeño pepper cultivation by enhancing seed quality and resilience. Nanopriming could help increase crop yields and minimize reliance on chemical inputs, such as fertilizers and pesticides, which might reduce production costs and environmental impact.

Climate change has prompted agri-food systems to explore new strategies for improving the production of crops in a sustainable manner. This includes green bean, the most important legume in the world for its nutritional value. The use of omeprazole (OMP) and melatonin (MEL) has been proposed as innovative strategy for crop improvement when they are applied as biostimulants. However, although their role in the growth of several species has been studied, the results in photosynthetic efficiency parameters are still scarce. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of OMP and MEL on biomass, yield, SPAD values, leaf chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching (qP), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), quantum yield of photosystem II (PhiPSII), and electron transport rate (ETR) in bean plants. Treatments were applied separately at doses of 1, 10, and 100 µM, plus a control without application. The results obtained indicate that OMP and MEL were able to increase biomass; yield; SPAD values; and qP, Fv/Fm, and PhiPSII coefficients. Finally, it is concluded that foliar application of OMP and MEL at a dose of 1 and 10 µM can increase photosynthetic efficiency and decrease photoinhibition, which is reflected in higher biomass accumulation and yield in green bean plants cv. Strike.

La insuficiencia cardiaca crónica sigue siendo unas de las principales causas de afectación en el funcionamiento y en la calidad de vida de las personas que la presentan, así como una de las primeras causas de mortalidad en nuestro país y en todo el mundo. México tiene una alta prevalencia de factores de riesgo para desarrollar insuficiencia cardiaca, tales como hipertensión arterial, diabetes y obesidad, lo que hace imprescindible contar con un documento basado en la evidencia que brinde recomendaciones a los profesionales de la salud involucrados en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de estos pacientes. Este documento establece la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) elaborada por iniciativa de la Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología (SMC) en colaboración con la Agencia Iberoamericana de Desarrollo y Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud, con la finalidad de establecer recomendaciones basadas en la mejor evidencia disponible y consensuadas por un grupo interdisciplinario y multicolaborativo de expertos. Cumple con estándares internacionales de calidad, como los descritos por el Institute of Medicine de los Estados Unidos de América (IOM), el National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) del Reino Unido, la Intercollegiate Network for Scottish Guideline Development (SIGN) de Escocia y la Guidelines International Network (G-I-N). El grupo de desarrollo de la guía se integró de manera interdisciplinaria con el apoyo de metodólogos con experiencia en revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura y en el desarrollo de GPC. Se llevó a cabo y se condujo metodología de panel Delphi modificado para lograr un nivel de consenso adecuado en cada una de las recomendaciones contenidas en esta GPC. Esperamos que este documento contribuya para la mejor toma de decisiones clínicas y se convierta en un punto de referencia para los clínicos que manejan pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca crónica en todas sus etapas clínicas, y de esta manera logremos mejorar la calidad en la atención clínica, aumentar la calidad de vida de los pacientes y disminuir las complicaciones de la enfermedad.

Purpose To share a Latin-American perspective of the use of telemedicine, together with blood pressure measurements outside the medical office, as a potential contribution to improving access to the health system, diagnosis, adherence, and persistence in hypertension treatment. Material and methods A document settled by a Writing Group of Mexico Hypertension Experts Group, Interamerican Society of Hypertension, Epidemiology and Cardiovascular Prevention Council of the Interamerican Society of Cardiology, and National Cardiologist Association of Mexico Results In almost all Latin American countries, the health sector faces two fundamental challenges: (1) ensure equitable access to quality care services in a growing population that faces an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases, and (2) optimise the growing costs of health services, maintaining equity, accessibility, universality, and quality. Telehealth proposes an innovative approach to patient management, especially for chronic conditions, intending to provide remote consultation, education, and follow-up to achieve measurements and goals. It is a tool that promises to improve access, empower the patient, and somehow influence their behaviour about lifestyle changes, improving prevention and reducing complications of hypertension. The clinical practitioner has seen increased evidence that the use of out-of-office blood pressure (BP) measurement and telemedicine are helpful tools to keep patients and physicians in contact and promote better pharmacological adherence and BP control. A survey carried out by medical and scientific institutions showed that practitioners are up-to-date with telemedicine, had internet access, and had hardware availability. Conclusions A transcendent issue is the need to make the population aware of the benefits of taking blood pressure to avoid complications of hypertension, and in this scenario, promote the creation of teleconsultation mechanisms for the follow-up of patients diagnosed with hypertension.

The authors wish to make the following corrections to their article: Magaña Serrano JA, Cigarroa López JA, Chávez Mendoza A, Ivey-Miranda JB, Mendoza Zavala GH, Olmos Domínguez L, Chávez Leal SA, Pombo Bartelt JE, Herrera-Garza EH, Mercado Leal G, Parra Michel R, Aguilera Mora LF, Nuriulu Escobar PL. Corrigendum: Vulnerable period in heart failure: a window of opportunity for the optimization of treatment – a statement by Mexican experts. Drugs Context. 2024;13:2023-8-1. https://doi.org/10.7573/dic.2023-8-1

Common bean is considered one of the most important legumes in the world. It is the main source of protein, calories, B vitamins, minerals, polyphenols and other elements, which collectively give it a high nutraceutical value. In Mexico a great agrobiodiversity exists in the production of this grain, which implies the need to generate information regarding its nutritional quality as a tool to apply future genetic improvement programs. The purpose of this study was to characterize the antioxidant capacity (AC) and nutraceutical content of six bean varieties produced in Morelos State, Mexico. Grain morphometric characteristics, color (L, a*, b* chroma and °hue), nutritional quality, AC (DPPH), nutraceutical compounds content, micro and macro nutrients were determined. A significant effect (p < 0.05) of variety on almost all the variables evaluated except for phytic acid, P, K, Ca, C, S and H was observed. Lower lightness was obtained in varieties with darker colors such as ‘Negro’/102 (24.96), ‘Negro’/104 (26.85) and ‘Sangre de Toro’ (32.41) and higher lightness in lighter colored varieties such as ‘Peruano’ bean (69.21), ‘Pinto’ (65.94) and ‘Flor de Mayo’ (50.14). Nutritional and nutraceutical quality of the latter genotype stood out, as it had the highest crude fiber content (5.71 %), total phenols (4.24 mg GAE g-1), flavonoids (1.99 mg CE g-1), AC (96.76% Inhibition), and a high protein content (23.29%). Results also exhibited significant correlation (p < 0.05) between total phenols and flavonoids with AC. It is concluded that the nutritional characterization carried out on bean varieties from important producing areas in Mexico provide a valuable database for genotype selection with high functional and nutritional character, either to be grown for direct consumption, future biofortification or breeding programs.

La insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) es una patología que afecta al 1% de la población y se encuentra acompañada de deficiencia de hierro como comorbilidad en el 50% de los casos. La anemia, por su parte, está presente en el 22-37% de los casos de IC. Este es un documento de consenso que busca sintetizar la información disponible sobre la anemia y la deficiencia de hierro, y su comportamiento en pacientes con IC, que se divide en fisiopatología, clasificación, escenarios clínicos y algoritmos (rutas de manejo), tratamiento y seguimiento. Este artículo integra las recomendaciones internacionales basadas en la evidencia y se presenta una síntesis de las estrategias de manejo.

Sotol (Dasylirion leiophyllum) grows in the Chihuahan Desert in the north of Mexico and south of the United States. The stem of this species is used to produce a liquor widely known as sotol. A field sampling and a laboratory analysis were carried out to determine the influence of the rainy season, altitude, topography, and aspect over the soluble solid content (°Brix) and bromatological variables of mature plants of sotol in Chihuahua, Mexico. Analyses of variance and Tukey tests were performed. The rainy season and altitude showed significant statistical influence (p ≤ 0.05) on the total soluble solids content; meanwhile, only altitude showed a significant effect on the bromatological variables (p ≤ 0.05). According to the results of the Tukey tests (p < 0.05), sotol plants have the highest concentrations of soluble solid contents before the rainy season (25 °Brix) and at sites with altitudes lower than 1300 m (25.95 °Brix). In addition, the means of raw protein and carbohydrates content were the highest in plants living at altitudes lower than 1500 m, at 1.93% and 31.74%, respectively. Meanwhile, topography, aspect, and the interactions of the evaluated factors did not show significant influence (p ≤ 0.05) over the total soluble solid content, nor over the bromatological variables studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The jalapeño pepper is a vegetable of great economic importance worldwide. However, low germination efficiency, weak seedlings, and a high mortality rate during transplant compromise the viability and sustainability of the crop. An innovative solution is the nanopriming technique, an emerging and novel technology, which involves the imbibition of seeds for a specific period using mineral nanoparticles. The addition of micronutrients such as zinc and molybdenum has been used in seed germination and early seedling development due to their crucial roles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using zinc–molybdenum nanopriming in jalapeño pepper on germination and early growth. The results showed that applying nanopriming (124–10 mg L−1 of zinc–molybdenum) promotes the effectiveness on the imbibition and germination of jalapeño pepper seeds, resulting in heavier seeds with a better initial absorption. This method not only improves germination rates and seedling vigor, but also points towards more sustainable and efficient agriculture. Building on these findings, the zinc–molybdenum nanopriming method could potentially transform jalapeño pepper cultivation by enhancing seed quality and resilience. Nanopriming could help increase crop yields and minimize reliance on chemical inputs, such as fertilizers and pesticides, which might reduce production costs and environmental impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND Arterial hypertension is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Mexico. However, there is limited evidence to understand blood pressure management and cardiometabolic profiles. Here, we aim to assess the prevalence of controlled and uncontrolled blood pressure, as well as the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors among patients from the Mexican Registry of Arterial Hypertension (RIHTA). METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of participants living with arterial hypertension registered on RIHTA between December 2021 and April 2023. We used both the 2017 ACC/AHA and 2018 ESC/ESH thresholds to define controlled and uncontrolled arterial hypertension. We considered eleven cardiometabolic risk factors, which include overweight, obesity, central obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-C, high LDL-C, low-eGFR, and high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. RESULTS In a sample of 5,590 participants (female: 61%, n  = 3,393; median age: 64 [IQR: 56–72] years), the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension varied significantly, depending on the definition (2017 ACC/AHA: 59.9%, 95% CI: 58.6–61.2 and 2018 ESC/ESH: 20.1%, 95% CI: 19.0–21.2). In the sample, 40.43% exhibited at least 5–6 risk factors, and 32.4% had 3–4 risk factors, chiefly abdominal obesity (83.4%, 95% CI: 82.4–84.4), high LDL-C (59.6%, 95% CI: 58.3–60.9), high CVD risk (57.9%, 95% CI: 56.6–59.2), high triglycerides (56.2%, 95% CI: 54.9–57.5), and low HDL-C (42.2%, 95% CI: 40.9–43.5). CONCLUSIONS There is a high prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension interlinked with a high burden of cardiometabolic comorbidities in Mexican adults living with arterial hypertension, underscoring the urgent need for targeted interventions and better healthcare policies to reduce the burden of the disease in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Approximately 33% of the world's population is affected by Zinc (Zn) deficiency, making it the fifth leading cause of human disease and mortality. An innovative strategy to this problem in the food diet is biofortification. Therefore, the use of nanotechnology emerges as a possible way to achieve the optimal development of plants in a sustainable and precise way. The objective of the present study was to increase the Zn content in bean plants cv. ‘Strike’, through the application of nanoparticles versus Zn nitrate plus chitosan. Two sources of Zn were applied via foliar: Zn nanoparticles and Zn nitrate at doses of 0, 25, 50 and 100 ppm with and without chitosan. The results indicate that the application of Zn favours the biofortification process, finding increases for all the treatments used. The treatments that stood out were Zn nitrate plus chitosan at 50 and 100 ppm, which increased the Zn content in fruits by more than 110%. The application of Zn nanoparticles at 25 ppm and Zn nitrate at 50 ppm favoured biomass accumulation and production. Furthermore, the addition of chitosan helped biomass and yield, especially when combined with Zn nitrate. Finally, indicate that a greater number of studies are required regarding the use of nanoparticles and chitosan in horticulture to determine with certainty their effect on the physiology and nutrition of plants.

Fertilization with nanoparticles offers alternatives to improve the efficiency of nutrient absorption in a sustainable way in crops. The objective of this work was to study the influence of foliar application of zinc-molybdenum nanofertilizer (Nano ZnMo) on nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE), as well as on yield parameters and N assimilation in green bean plants cv. “Strike”. Three doses of Nano ZnMo (0, 4 and 8 ppm) were applied foliar in combination with four doses of N in the form of NH4NO3 in nutrient solution (0, 3, 6 and 12 mM). The treatment that obtained the greatest increase in total biomass was the combination of 6 mM N + 4 ppm Nano ZnMo, with an increase of 11.6% compared to the treatment without application of Nano ZnMo. The treatment that registered the highest yield was the combination of 3 mM of N + 4 ppm of Nano ZnMo with an increase of 39.3% compared to the treatment without foliar application of Nano ZnMo (3 mM of N). The utilization coefficients (NUtE) and NUE were favored with the foliar application of Nano ZnMo at 4 ppm in combination with 3 and 6 mM of N in nutrient solution. These treatments made it possible to reduce the dose of N fertilization without compromising production. Therefore, the foliar adhesion of Nano ZnMo makes it possible to improve the efficiency of nutrient absorption and sustainably increase crop productivity.

A novel and sustainable strategy to solve problems caused by stress in plants is the use of naturally prepared solutions called biostimulants. These products in the last decade have received attention by the scientific communities of greatest relevance in agricultural systems because they modify physiological processes to improve crop production and quality. Within this group, one of the biopolymers with the greatest number of beneficial properties is chitosan, a deacetylated form of chitin found in the exoskeletons of crustaceans, fungal cell walls and in the cuticle of insects. In many species of crops the application of chitosan is studied. Several studies have demonstrated its property as an antiperspirant, plant growth promoter and defense system booster in stressful situations. There is evidence that chitosan is one of the most suitable compounds to use together with macro and micronutrients, due to its wide range of characteristics that include biocompatibility, biodegradability, high permeability, cost-benefit ratio, low toxicity, and excellent film-forming capacity. that are used as covers, in addition to that their uses can be extended with pesticides, herbicides, genetic material and plant hormones. The general objective of this review is to describe the role of biostimulants in agriculture, emphasizing the use of chitosan and its effects on plants, in addition to the relationship and interaction it presents with key micronutrients in plant nutrition such as iron and zinc.

Antecedentes: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa mundial de mortalidad y México no es la excepción. Los datos epidemiológicos obtenidos en 1990 mostraron que los padecimientos cardiovasculares representaron el 19.8% de todas las causas de muerte en nuestro país; esta cifra se incrementó de manera significativa a un 25.5% para 2015. Diversas encuestas nacionales sugieren que más del 60% de la población adulta tiene al menos un factor de riesgo para padecer enfermedades cardiovasculares (obesidad o sobrepeso, hipertensión, tabaquismo, diabetes, dislipidemias). Por otro lado, datos de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud han relacionado el proceso de aterosclerosis como la primer causa de muerte prematura, reduciendo la expectativa de vida de manera sensible, lo que tiene una enorme repercusión social. Objetivo: Este documento constituye la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) elaborada por iniciativa de la Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología en colaboración con la Sociedad Mexicana de Nutrición y Endocrinología, A.C., Asociación Nacional de Cardiólogos de México, A.C., Asociación Mexicana para la Prevención de la Aterosclerosis y sus Complicaciones, A.C., Comité Normativo Nacional de Medicina General, A.C., Colegio Nacional de Medicina Geriátrica, A.C., Colegio de Medicina Interna de México, A.C., Sociedad Mexicana de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular y Endovenosa, A.C., Instituto Mexicano de Investigaciones Nefrológicas, A.C. y la Academia Mexicana de Neurología, A.C.; con el apoyo metodológico de la Agencia Iberoamericana de Desarrollo y Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud, con la finalidad de establecer recomendaciones basadas en la mejor evidencia disponible y consensuadas por un grupo interdisciplinario de expertos. El objetivo de este documento es el de brindar recomendaciones basadas en evidencia para ayudar a los tomadores de decisión en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las dislipidemias en nuestro país. Material y métodos: Este documento cumple con estándares internacionales de calidad, como los descritos por el Instituto de Medicina de EE.UU., el Instituto de Excelencia Clínica de Gran Bretaña, la Red Colegiada para el Desarrollo de Guías de Escocia y la Red Internacional de Guías de Práctica Clínica. Se integró un grupo multidisciplinario de expertos clínicos y metodólogos con experiencia en revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura y el desarrollo de guías de práctica clínica. Se consensuó un documento de alcances, se establecieron las preguntas clínicas relevantes, se identificó de manera exhaustiva la mejor evidencia disponible evaluada críticamente en revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura y se desarrollaron las recomendaciones clínicas. Se utilizó la metodología de Panel Delphi modificado para lograr un nivel de consenso adecuado en cada una de las recomendaciones contenidas en esta GPC. Resultados: Se consensuaron 23 preguntas clínicas que dieron origen a sus respectivas recomendaciones clínicas. Conclusiones: Esperamos que este documento contribuya a la mejor toma de decisiones clínicas y se convierta en un punto de referencia para los clínicos y pacientes en el manejo de las dislipidemias y esto contribuya a disminuir la morbilidad y mortalidad derivada de los eventos cardiovasculares ateroscleróticos en nuestro país.

Nano-fertilizers (Nfs) have the potential to revolutionize agricultural systems through nanostructures ranging from 1 to 100 nm that address environmental responses and a more targeted biological demand. The purpose of this work was to study the impact of the foliar application of nanoparticles (NPs), sulfate and iron chelate on the growth, yield and assimilation of nitrogen in green beans. The iron was applied foliar in three different ways: Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3), ferric sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3) and iron chelate (Fe-EDDHA) in doses of 0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 ppm. The treatments that produced a higher total biomass increase were NPs and Fe-EDDHA at 50 ppm, with increases of 37% and 47% respectively compared to the control (with no application of Fe). Regarding the in vivo nitrate reductase activity, significant differences were obtained, particularly in the NPs and Fe-EDDHA treatment, with increases of 71% and 72% respectively. NPs at low doses favored maximum fruit production with increases of 88% in comparison to the control. Finally, it is concluded that the optimal doses that enhanced total biomass, production and assimilation of nitrogen were Fe2(SO4)3 at 25 ppm, Fe-EDDHA at 100 ppm and Fe2O3 at 25 ppm. The efficiency of foliar absorption of iron was found in treatments with Fe2O3 at 50 and 100 ppm. The foliar absorption efficiency of NPs offers sustainable alternatives to increase the productivity of the green bean.

Introduction: High-dose corticosteroids remain the first-line therapy for focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), whereas calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are reserved for those patients resistant to corticosteroid therapy. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort analysis in patients with primary FSGS diagnosed between 2007 and 2014. According to the administered treatment, patients were segregated into 3 groups: high-dose prednisone, first-line CNIs plus low-dose prednisone, and rescue CNIs. Cumulative corticosteroid doses were compared as well as response to therapy and long-term renal survival by Cox regression analysis. Results: A total of 66 patients were included (39 treated with high-dose prednisone, 11 treated with first-line CNI, 16 treated with high-dose prednisone followed by rescue CNI). Cumulative doses of prednisone in the high-dose group were 9.3 g (interquartile range [IQR] = 7.5−12.5 g), compared to 2.5 g (IQR = 1.82−3.12 g) in the first-line CNI plus low-dose corticosteroid group and 13.8 g (IQR = 9.2−15.8 g) rescue CNI groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Time under corticosteroid management was also higher in the high-dose prednisone group compared to the first-line CNI group. There was a response to treatment in 76.9%, 72.7%, and 87.5% of high-dose prednisone, first-line CNI and rescue CNI groups, with complete remission in 48.7%, 36.4%, and 31.3% respectively. There was no difference in relapse incidence after treatment (48.4%, 44.4%, and 46.7%) or in 5-year renal survival (87.2%, 81.8%, and 87.5%). Baseline proteinuria, biopsy chronicity score, and response to therapy were independent predictors of renal survival. Conclusion: An initial CNI plus low-dose corticosteroid approach in primary FSGS reduces corticosteroid exposure with a response-to-therapy rate similar to that of the currently recommended high-dose corticosteroid regimen. These findings justify a randomized trial to formally test this hypothesis. Keywords: calcineurin inhibitor, corticosteroids, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, FSGS, nephrotic syndrome

La pandemia por COVID-19 decretada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) desde el 12 de marzo de 2020 está produciendo estragos a nivel mundial y es un verdadero reto económico, social y sanitario. Aunque las manifestaciones clínicas del COVID-19 son síntomas respiratorios, algunos pacientes también tienen síntomas cardiológicos. Dentro de los pacientes con afecciones cardiológicas2 suponen un grupo de mayor riesgo y que de hecho son un grupo especialmente vulnerable, por su mayor riesgo de contagio y mayor gravedad en caso de adquirir la enfermedad1 aquellos con insuficiencia cardiaca (IC), incluyendo al trasplante cardiaco (TC) y las asistencias ventriculares, así como los pacientes con hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HAP). La IC es la principal patología cardiovascular crónica y los pacientes en este grupo son los más vulnerables para el desarrollo de cuadros clínicos más graves tras sufrir la infección, y en mayor medida los casos con IC avanzada3. De hecho, la IC es unas de las complicaciones más frecuentes en los pacientes con COVID-194. De igual forma, los pacientes trasplantados que requieren de los inmunosupresores para evitar el rechazo del injerto, constituyen una población especialmente susceptible a la infección y a desarrollar procesos más graves. Esta situación ha hecho que la Asociación Nacional de Cardiólogos de México (ANCAM) y la Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología (SMC) junto con sus respectivos capítulos, hayan elaborado las siguientes recomendaciones para el personal médico, que participa en la atención de este grupo especial de pacientes en los diferentes escenarios clínicos, que padezcan o no, COVID- 19.

Se presentan las recomendaciones en las cuales la Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología (SMC) en conjunto con la Asociación Nacional de Cardiólogos de México (ANCAM), así como diferentes asociaciones médicas mexicanas vinculadas con la cardiología, después de una revisión y análisis exhaustivo y consensuado sobre los tópicos relacionados con las enfermedades cardiovasculares en la pandemia de COVID-19, se analizan posturas científicas y se dan recomendaciones responsables sobre medidas generales a los pacientes, con cuidados personales, alimentación saludable, actividad física regular, acciones en caso de paro cardiorrespiratorio, la protección del paciente y del personal de salud así como las indicaciones precisas en el uso de la imagen cardiovascular no invasiva, la prescripción de medicamentos, cuidados en tópicos específicos como en la hipertensión arterial sistémica, insuficiencia cardiaca, arritmias y síndromes coronarios agudos, además de hacer énfasis en los procedimientos de electrofisiología, intervencionismo, cirugía cardiaca y en la rehabilitación cardiaca. El interés principal es brindar a la comunidad médica una orientación general sobre el quehacer en la práctica cotidiana y pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares en el escenario esta crisis epidemiológica sin precedentes de COVID-19.

This narrative review highlights strategies proposed by the Mexican Group of Experts on Arterial Hypertension endorsed to prevent, diagnose, and treat chronic kidney disease (CKD) related to systemic arterial hypertension (SAH). Given the growing prevalence of CKD in Mexico and Latin America caused by SAH, there is a need for context-specific approaches to address the effects of SAH, given the diverse population and unique challenges faced by the region. This narrative review provides clinical strategies for healthcare providers on preventing, diagnosing, and treating kidney disease related to SAH, focusing on primary prevention, early detection, evidence-based diagnostic approaches, and selecting pharmacological treatments. Key-strategies are focused on six fundamental areas: 1) Strategies to mitigate kidney disease in SAH, 2) early detection of CKD in SAH, 3) diagnosis and monitoring of SAH, 4) blood pressure targets in patients living with CKD, 5) hypertensive treatment in patients with CKD and 6) diuretics and Non-Steroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Inhibitors in Patients with CKD. This review aims to provide relevant strategies for the Mexican and Latin American clinical context, highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to managing SAH, and the role of community-based programs in improving the quality of life for affected individuals. This position paper seeks to contribute to reducing the burden of SAH-related CKD and its complications in Mexico and Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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To share a Latin-American perspective of the use of telemedicine, together with blood pressure measurements outside the medical office, as a potential contribution to improving access to the health system, diagnosis, adherence, and persistence in hypertension treatment. A document settled by a Writing Group of Mexico Hypertension Experts Group, Interamerican Society of Hypertension, Epidemiology and Cardiovascular Prevention Council of the Interamerican Society of Cardiology, and National Cardiologist Association of Mexico In almost all Latin American countries, the health sector faces two fundamental challenges: (1) ensure equitable access to quality care services in a growing population that faces an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases, and (2) optimise the growing costs of health services, maintaining equity, accessibility, universality, and quality. Telehealth proposes an innovative approach to patient management, especially for chronic conditions, intending to provide remote consultation, education, and follow-up to achieve measurements and goals. It is a tool that promises to improve access, empower the patient, and somehow influence their behaviour about lifestyle changes, improving prevention and reducing complications of hypertension. The clinical practitioner has seen increased evidence that the use of out-of-office blood pressure (BP) measurement and telemedicine are helpful tools to keep patients and physicians in contact and promote better pharmacological adherence and BP control. A survey carried out by medical and scientific institutions showed that practitioners are up-to-date with telemedicine, had internet access, and had hardware availability. A transcendent issue is the need to make the population aware of the benefits of taking blood pressure to avoid complications of hypertension, and in this scenario, promote the creation of teleconsultation mechanisms for the follow-up of patients diagnosed with hypertension. What is the context? In almost all Latin American countries, the health sector faces two fundamental challenges: (1) ensure equitable access to quality care services in a growing population that faces an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases, and (2) optimise the growing costs of health services, maintaining equity, accessibility, universality, and quality. What is new? Telehealth proposes an innovative approach to patient management, especially for chronic conditions, intending to provide remote consultation, education, and follow-up to achieve measurements and goals. It is a tool that promises to improve access, empower the patient, and somehow influence their behaviour about lifestyle changes, improving prevention and reducing complications of hypertension. What is the impact? Needs are always infinite, and resources are finite, so according to the World Health Organisation (WHO), advances in electronic, information, and communication technology point to more significant equity in the provision of services, considering the effectiveness, possibility of refining the rationalisation of health spending, and improving health care for remote populations. A transcendent issue is the need to make the population aware of the benefits of taking blood pressure to avoid complications of hypertension, and in this scenario, promote the creation of teleconsultation mechanisms for the follow-up of patients diagnosed with hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Obtaining high quality genomic DNA safely and economically is vital for diverse studies of large populations aimed at evaluating the role of genetic factors in susceptibility to disease. Aim: This study was to test a protocol for the extraction of high quality genomic DNA from saliva samples obtained with mouthwash and taken from patients with periodontal disease. Methods: Saliva samples were taken from 60 patients and then stored at room temperature. DNA extraction was carried out at distinct post-sampling times (10, 20 and 30 days). Evaluation of genomic DNA was performed with spectrophotometry, electrophoresis, and PCR genotyping and sequencing. Results: The greatest concentration of DNA obtained was 352 μg at 10 days post-sampling, followed by 121.025 μg and 19.59 μg at 20 and 30 days, respectively. When determining the purity of DNA with the spectrophotometric ratio of 260/230, the relations of 1.20, 1.40 and 0.781 were obtained for 10, 20 and 30 days, respectively. In all samples, it was possible to amplify the product of 485 bp and the sequence of the amplicons showed 95% similarity to the reference sequence. Conclusion: The present protocol represents an easy, safe and economical technique for obtaining high quality genomic DNA.

Se evaluaron las características organolépticas de cuatro productos elaborados con carne de trucha, los cuales fueron: trucha entera ahumada, salchicha, paté y surimi. El análisis sensorial se condujo por medio de pruebas de escala no estructurada. Se realizó una prueba de consistencia del panel y pruebas de medianas de Wilconxon para determinar la aceptabilidad de los productos por el panel. Se utilizaron ocho jueces semi-entrenados que pasaron la prueba de consistencia para evaluar; color, olor, sabor y textura, fijándose previamente un valor de cinco como aceptable. Se encontró que la trucha ahumada, la salchicha y el paté, fueron aceptados por el panel en color, olor, sabor y textura, mientras que el surimi no fue aceptado en ninguna de sus características. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v2i3.78

Grafting favors the presence of bioactive compounds in the bell pepper, but many species and varieties have not yet been analyzed in this sense, including commonly grafted varieties. The aim of the present study is to characterize the content in β-carotenes, vitamin C, lycopene, total phenols, and the antioxidant activity of bell pepper (Capsicum annum L.) using the cultivar/rootstock combinations: Jeanette/Terrano (yellow), Sweet/Robusto (green), Fascinato/Robusto (red), Orangela/Terrano (orange), and Fascinato/Terrano (red). The plants were grown in a net-shading system and harvested on three sampling dates of the same crop cycle. The results show statistical differences (p ≤ 0.05) between cultivar/rootstock combinations and sampling dates for the content in bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. Fascinato/Robusto presented the highest concentration of lycopene and total phenols as well as the greatest antioxidant activity of all cultivar/rootstock combinations evaluated. In addition, it was found that the best sampling time for the peppers to have the highest concentrations of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity was September.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the percentage content of fatty acids (FA) of 54 rainbow trout fresh and frozen fillets. Frozen fillets were stored at -15ºC for 45 and 90 days. Saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), polyunsaturated (PUFA), omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids were determined by gas chromatograph coupled to mass spectrometry. The results indicated that during frozen storage, SFA and MUFA content increased by 32.63 and 9.25%, respectively, while PUFA content decreased by 25.3%, n-6 by 12.4% and n-3 by 32.55%. These changes were more significant (P ≤ 0.05) during the first 45 d of storage. It was concluded that the frozen storage had a negative impact on meat quality of rainbow trout due to the reduction of PUFA, n-3/n-6, polyene index and PUFA/ SFA and the increase of the SFA, and atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes, which meant a substantial loss of nutritional value in the fillets of rainbow trout.