19 results on '"Cerpelloni M"'
Search Results
2. Blood toluene as a biological index of environmental toluene exposure in the “normal” population and in occupationally exposed workers immediately after exposure and 16 hours later
- Author
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Brugnone, F., Gobbi, M., Ayyad, K., Giuliari, C., Cerpelloni, M., and Perbellini, L.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Il monitoraggio biologico del cobalto quale metodo di misura per esposizioni professionali ed ambientali dicirca 4 mesi
- Author
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Perbellini, L., Princivalle, Andrea, Cannalire, R., Signoretto, D., and Cerpelloni, M.
- Subjects
Cobalto ,esposizione professionale ,monitoraggio biologico - Published
- 2009
4. Comparison of breath, blood and urine in biomonitoring of environmental exposure to 1,3-butadiene, 2,5-dimethylfuran and benzene
- Author
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LUIGI PERBELLINI, Andrea PRINCIVALLE, Cerpelloni, M., Pasini, F., and Brugnone, F.
- Published
- 2003
5. Nitrous oxide in blood and urine of operating theatre personnel and the general population
- Author
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Brugnone, Francesco, Perbellini, Luigi, Cerpelloni, M., Soave, C., and Cecco, A.
- Subjects
nitrous oxide ,blood ,nitrous oxide, blood, urine, environment, theatre personnel, general population ,theatre personnel ,environment ,general population ,urine - Published
- 1995
6. DNA damage kinetics (micronucleus and comet assay) in buccal mucosa cells of subjects after metal fixed appliances
- Author
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Fracasso, M.E., primary, Doria, D., additional, Cerpelloni, M., additional, Scotton, A., additional, Marchiori, M., additional, and Faccioni, F., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Blood and urine concentrations of chemical pollutants in the general population
- Author
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Brugnone, F., Perbellini, Luigi, Giuliari, C., Cerpelloni, M., and Soave, M.
- Subjects
Air Pollutants ,Tetrachloroethylene ,Chromatography, Gas ,Urban Population ,Smoking ,Benzene ,Mass Spectrometry ,Styrenes ,Trichloroethylene ,Acetone ,benzene - toluene - styrene - n-hexane - acetone - general population - blood - urine ,Carbon Disulfide ,Hexanes ,Humans ,Chloroform ,Software ,Styrene ,Toluene - Abstract
The concentration of 9 environmental chemical pollutants in the general population was measured in blood and urine. For the 9 different pollutants, the blood samples tested varied from 88 for acetone to 431 for benzene. Urine samples varied from 48 for styrene to 213 for n-hexane. Six of these agents (benzene, toluene, styrene, n-hexane, acetone and carbon disulphide) were present in all or almost all (100-94%) blood samples. The three chlorides (chloroform, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene) were present only in 60-85% of samples. After acetone, with blood concentrations in microgram/1 (mean 840 microgram/l), the highest mean blood levels were those of toluene (1097 ng/l), chloroform (955 ng/l) and n-hexane (642 ng/l). Trichloroethylene and free carbon disulphide showed similar values (458 and 438 ng/l, respectively). Finally, benzene, styrene and tetrachloroethylene showed the lowest values (262, 217 and 149 ng/l, respectively). There was generally a significant difference between rural and urban workers in terms of blood benzene (200 ng/l vs 264 ng/l), trichloroethylene (180 ng/l vs 763 ng/l) and tetrachloroethylene (62 ng/l vs 263 ng/l). In a group of subjects potentially exposed to industrial solvents, classed as chemical workers, blood benzene, toluene, chloroform and n-hexane were significantly higher than in rural and urban workers. Smokers showed a significantly higher blood concentration than non-smokers for benzene (381 ng/l vs 205 ng/1), toluene (1431 ng/l vs 977 ng/l), and n-hexane (838 ng/l vs 532 ng/l). All or almost all urine samples (100-92%) contained all the compounds except trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, present in 79% and 76% of samples, respectively (table 2). Urinary concentrations of all compounds did not differ significantly between rural and urban workers. Benzene and toluene were significantly higher in in urine of smokers than of non-smokers. Chloroform and n-hexane showed significantly higher urinary than blood values. Excluding acetone, with urinary and blood concentrations in pg/l, chloroform, toluene and n-hexane showed the highest mean concentrations both in blood and in urine.
- Published
- 1994
8. Benzene in blood as a biomarker of low level occupational exposure
- Author
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Brugnone, F., primary, Perbellini, L., additional, Romeo, L., additional, Cerpelloni, M., additional, Bianchin, M., additional, and Tonello, A., additional
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Sexual reproduction and biometry of the non-zooxanthellate papillose cup coral Paracyathus pulchellus
- Author
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Marchini, Chiara, Fossati, Valentina, Cerpelloni, Martina, Caroselli, Erik, Falini, Giuseppe, Dubinsky, Zvy, Goffredo, Stefano, and Marchini C.*, Fossati V., Cerpelloni M., Caroselli E.*, Falini G., Dubinsky Z., Goffredo S.
- Subjects
Global and Planetary Change ,Ocean Engineering ,sexuality, reproductive mode, gametogenesis, sex ratio, scleractinia, Mediterranean Sea ,Aquatic Science ,Oceanography ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
Basic information on the reproductive biology of many scleractinian corals species is limited or entirely lacking, particularly from temperate zones, though it is essential for a better understanding of their ecology. This study describes the morphological aspects and the annual cycle of gametogenesis and biometric parameterss of the papillose cup coral Paracyathus pulchellus collected at Palinuro (Italy, Southern Tyrrhenian Sea), filling a knowledge gap about the reproductive biology of a widespread Mediterranean and Northern Atlantic coral. Samples of P. pulchellus were collected by SCUBA diving between 5- and 10-meters depth during 18 monthly collections from June 2010 to December 2011. Sexually active polyps displayed either oocytes or spermaries, indicating that P. pulchellus was gonochoric. The sex ratio of sexually active polyps was 1:1. Gametogenesis began with undifferentiated germ cells arose in the gastrodermis that migrated towards the mesoglea of the mesentery where they completed the development. During spermatogenesis, spermary diameter increased from 25 to 83 µm. Oocyte diameter ranged from 9 to 146 µm and during oogenesis the nucleus/cytoplasm ratio decreased due to the accumulation of yolk. The nucleus migrated to the periphery of the oocyte adhering closely to the cell membrane. No embryo was observed in the coelenteric cavity of the polyps, suggesting an external development of planktotrophic larvae due to the small-sized mature oocytes and a possible broadcast spawning reproductive mode. Gonadal index of both females and males increased significantly from August until November and fertilization took place from November to January. Only sexually inactive individuals were observed from February to April, suggesting a quiescence period in both males and females. Seasonal variations in water temperature and photoperiod may have a key role in regulating gametogenesis. The analysis of the main biometric parameters (polyp width, height, dry skeletal mass, volume, surface/volume ratio and bulk skeletal density) showed a negative correlation between size and skeletal density, and no sexual dimorphism.
- Published
- 2022
10. Biological monitoring of cobalt in hard metal factory workers.
- Author
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Princivalle A, Iavicoli I, Cerpelloni M, Franceschi A, Manno M, and Perbellini L
- Subjects
- Adult, Cobalt metabolism, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Spectrometry, Middle Aged, Oxides, Cobalt blood, Cobalt urine, Environmental Monitoring methods, Hemoglobins metabolism, Metallurgy, Occupational Exposure analysis
- Abstract
Purpose: The main aim of this study was to investigate the cobalt (Co) concentrations in urine along 4 months and their relationship with Co concentrations in blood and haemoglobin (adducts) in 34 workers from a hard metal manufacturing plant where metallic Co and Co oxide were used. Furthermore, the excretion kinetics of Co was investigated and the half-lives of Co in blood, plasma and urine were calculated along 18 days of non-exposure in the same workers., Methods: Co was analysed, in all biological samples, by ICP/MS., Results: Wide fluctuations in the urinary Co concentration were observed throughout the work shift and during the work week. A highly significant linear correlation was found between Co concentration (geometrical mean) in urine samples provided each Thursday (end shift) during 16 subsequent weeks and levels of Co-haemoglobin adducts or blood Co concentrations at the end of the same period. The Co elimination kinetics in globin calculated along 18 days without Co exposure was slow, being related to the physiological metabolism of haemoglobin, while in blood, plasma and urine Co half-lives were 12.3, 9.1 and 5.3 days, respectively., Conclusion: Co concentrations in haemoglobin or blood are highly related to the geometrical mean concentration of urinary Co when samples are collected weekly for several subsequent weeks. The biological monitoring of occupational exposure to Co in hard metal facilities provides reliable results by using the Co concentrations in haemoglobin or in whole blood. The urinary findings, though, do not show the same reliability because of their wide daily and weekly fluctuations.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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11. Citrate-stabilized lanthanide-doped nanoparticles: brain penetration and interaction with immune cells and neurons.
- Author
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Portioli C, Pedroni M, Benati D, Donini M, Bonafede R, Mariotti R, Perbellini L, Cerpelloni M, Dusi S, Speghini A, and Bentivoglio M
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- Animals, Biological Transport, Blood-Brain Barrier metabolism, Brain immunology, Calcium Fluoride chemistry, Cell Survival, Cells, Cultured, Dendritic Cells immunology, Endocytosis, Europium chemistry, Humans, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Nanoparticles ultrastructure, Neuroglia immunology, Neuroglia metabolism, Optical Imaging, Particle Size, Permeability, Strontium chemistry, Tissue Distribution, Ytterbium chemistry, Brain diagnostic imaging, Citric Acid chemistry, Dendritic Cells metabolism, Lanthanoid Series Elements chemistry, Nanoparticles chemistry, Neurons metabolism
- Abstract
Aim: To unravel key aspects of the use of lanthanide-doped nanoparticles (NPs) in biomedicine, the interaction with immune and brain cells., Materials & Methods: Effects of citrate-stabilized CaF
2 and SrF2 : Yb, Er NPs (13-15 nm) on human dendritic cells and neurons were assessed in vitro. In vivo distribution was analyzed in mice at tissue and ultrastructural levels, and with glia immunophenotyping., Results: The NPs did not elicit dendritic cell activation and were internalized by cultured neurons, without viability changes. After intravenous injection, NPs were found in the brain parenchyma, without features of glial neuroinflammatory response., Conclusion: Lanthanide-doped NPs do not activate cells protagonists of systemic and brain immune responses, are endocytosed by neurons and can cross an intact blood-brain barrier.- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. In vivo study on metal release from fixed orthodontic appliances and DNA damage in oral mucosa cells.
- Author
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Faccioni F, Franceschetti P, Cerpelloni M, and Fracasso ME
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Apoptosis, Case-Control Studies, Cells, Cultured, Child, Cobalt analysis, Cobalt toxicity, Comet Assay, Dental Alloys analysis, Epithelial Cells drug effects, Female, Humans, Ions, Linear Models, Male, Mass Spectrometry methods, Metals analysis, Mouth Mucosa cytology, Nickel analysis, Nickel toxicity, Statistics, Nonparametric, DNA Damage, Dental Alloys toxicity, Metals toxicity, Mouth Mucosa drug effects, Orthodontic Appliances adverse effects
- Abstract
Interest in the amount of metal ion intake from dental alloys has grown. Fixed orthodontic appliances usually include brackets, bands, and archwires made of stainless steel, nickel-titanium, or nickel-cobalt alloys, and these can release metal ions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the biocompatibility in vivo of fixed orthodontic appliances, evaluating the presence of metal ions in oral mucosa cells, their cytotoxicity, and their possible genotoxic effects. Mucosa samples were collected by gentle brushing of the internal part of the right and left cheeks of 55 orthodontic patients and 30 control subjects who were not receiving orthodontic treatment. The cells were immediately prepared for cell viability and the comet assay. Nickel and cobalt cellular content was quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results indicate that nickel and cobalt concentrations were 3.4-fold and 2.8-fold higher, respectively, in the patients than in the controls; cellular viability was significantly lower in the patients than in the controls, and there was a significant negative correlation with metal levels. The biologic effects, evaluated by alkaline comet assay, indicated that both metals induced DNA damage (more cells with comets and apoptotic cells). There were significant positive correlations between (1) cobalt levels and the number of comets and apoptotic cells, (2) nickel levels and number of comet cells, and (3) cobalt levels and comet tails. This study corroborates that nickel and cobalt released from fixed orthodontic appliances can induce DNA damage in oral mucosa cells.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. [Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to acrylonitrile].
- Author
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Perbellini L, Princivalle A, Cerpelloni M, and Caprini A
- Subjects
- Humans, Monitoring, Physiologic, Occupational Exposure adverse effects, Acrylonitrile toxicity, Occupational Exposure analysis
- Abstract
Acrylonitrile (ACN) is a solvent widely used in industry especially as raw material in the manufacturing of acrylic fibres, clothes and domestic furniture. It is also used in manufacturing of resins (ACN-butadiene-styrene...) and for production of nitrilic elastomers. Some researchers proposed the biological monitoring of occupational exposure to ACN by measuring the solvent in the urine, but results were widely spread especially in relation to the analytical method used. This article reports the main aspects that can reduce the variability of results. We checked several ACN solutions in water and urine after heating at 90 degrees C for 1, 3, 5, 8 and 16 hours. Water solutions maintained their ACN concentration in all the checked conditions, while urine concentrations of ACN in urine deceased during the conditioning time until 80% of their initial concentration. The analysis of ACN in urine provided by workers potentially exposed to ACN and by control subjects gave median results of 1.9 and 2.0 micrograms/g creat, without any statistical difference. The results split in relation to the smoking habit showed a statistic difference: the median values of ACN were 1.7 and 4.7 micrograms/g creat, respectively among the 175 non-smokers and 57 smokers.
- Published
- 2003
14. Comparison of breath, blood and urine concentrations in the biomonitoring of environmental exposure to 1,3-butadiene, 2,5-dimethylfuran, and benzene.
- Author
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Perbellini L, Princivalle A, Cerpelloni M, Pasini F, and Brugnone F
- Subjects
- Adult, Biomarkers analysis, Breath Tests, Butadienes blood, Butadienes urine, Forestry, Furans blood, Furans urine, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Rural Population, Smoking blood, Smoking urine, Benzene analysis, Butadienes analysis, Environmental Exposure analysis, Environmental Monitoring methods, Furans analysis
- Abstract
Objectives: To investigate and compare alveolar, blood, and urine concentrations of 1,3-butadiene, 2,5 dimethylfuran, and benzene, in non-occupational exposure to these products., Methods: Benzene, 2,5-dimethylfuran and 1,3-butadiene were measured in the breath, blood, and urine samples of 61 subjects living in small mountain villages. All 61 were regularly employed as forestry workers. Sampling was done during the long winter-season non-working period. Samples were collected after overnight rest and analysed by headspace and GC-mass spectrometry methods., Results: The median 1,3-butadiene level was 1.2 ng/l (range: <0.8-13.2 ng/l) in alveolar air, 2.2 ng/l (range: <0.5-50.2 ng/l) in blood, and 1.1 ng/l (range: <1-8.9 ng/l) in urine. The median benzene level was 5.7 ng/l (range: <1-24.9 ng/l) in alveolar air, 62.3 ng/l (range: 33.5-487.2 ng/l) in blood, and 63.4 ng/l (range: 25.8-1099.1 ng/l) in urine. The median 2,5-dimethylfuran level was 0.5 ng/l (range: <1-12.5 ng/l) in alveolar air, 2.5 ng/l (range: <5-372.9 ng/l) in blood, and 51.8 ng/l (range: <5-524.9 ng/l) in urine. In several cases, 2,5-dimethylfuran levels were below the detection limit in alveolar air and blood, especially in non-smokers. 1,3-Butadiene, 2,5-dimethylfuran and benzene levels were significantly higher in smokers than non-smokers in all biological media., Conclusions: 1,3-Butadiene and benzene, as ubiquitous pollutants, are detectable and quantifiable in human alveolar air, blood and urine. 2,5-Dimethylfuran, which is not a usual environmental pollutant, is almost always detectable in biological media, but only in smokers.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. [Acute poisoning with carbon dioxide: report of 2 fatal cases].
- Author
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Romeo L, Prigioni P, Marcheselli S, Marchiori L, Cerpelloni M, Fiorini C, and Brugnone F
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Fatal Outcome, Humans, Male, Accidents, Occupational, Carbon Dioxide poisoning
- Abstract
Background: Carbon dioxide (CO2), a very high density gas, tends to stratify at the lowest levels of the atmosphere. It can be produced by neutral geothermal emissions, fermentative processes or by human and industrial activity. When carbon dioxide concentrations rise to a very high level in a confined and poorly ventilated space, the anoxic hazard is a very important cause of severe accidents that can involve workers and rescuers. At CO2 levels higher than 20% there is a very high risk of a fatal accident, also considering the odourless feature of this gas., Object: Two fatal accidents in workers are described which occurred during inspection of a concrete well, built as a part of sewerage network in a rural area. In the weeks after the accident, composition and concentration of gases inside the well were analysed. We also considered the influence of an organic fertilizer called "pollina" which was found on the ground around the concrete well, in order to ascertain whether fermentation could alter the gas composition inside the well., Methods: Samples of air and water were collected in the well and samples of the organic fertilizer (pollina) on the ground surrounding the concrete well were also taken. Different quantities of organic fertilizer (pollina) with or without water were incubated in airtight glass bottles and placed in a dark room at 20 degrees C temperature; analysis of air inside the glass bottles was performed after 7 and 18 days of incubation. All the samples of air and water were analysed by gas-chromatographic-mass-spectrometry., Results: Analysis of the air samples collected inside the well after 2, 16 and 18 weeks after the accident showed a low concentration of O2 (range 4.2-9%), a high concentration of CO2 (range 5.9-12.3%), a normal level of N2 (range 78-85%) and a concentration of N2O between 0.03 and 0.19%. In water collected 2 weeks after the accident at the bottom of the concrete well, CO2 and N2O concentrations of respectively 222 mg/L and 2 mg/L were measured. In the bottles with "pollina" we found, at different times of incubation, high concentrations of CO2 (highest value 25.2%), low levels of O2 (lowest value 0.5%) and negligible concentrations of N2O (< 0.015%)., Conclusions: All these findings suggest that the atmosphere inside the concrete well was altered by the fermentative processes of pollina. The death of the two workers, caused by a poorly oxygenated atmosphere with a high concentration of carbon dioxide, can be classified under the confined space hypoxic syndrome (CSHS).
- Published
- 2002
16. Biological monitoring of acrylonitrile exposure.
- Author
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Perbellini L, Ganzi A, Venturi G, Cerpelloni M, and Brugnone F
- Subjects
- Acrylonitrile urine, Chromatography, Gas, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Smoking, Software, Time Factors, Acrylonitrile toxicity, Occupational Exposure
- Abstract
This study reports the results obtained with the environmental and biological monitoring of 34 workers exposed to acrylonitrile (ACN). Occupational exposure was monitored during 8-h work shifts with both active and diffusive personal samplers which yielded comparable results. The median exposure was 78 micrograms/m3. The ACN concentration in urine collected at the end of the work shifts correlated significantly with the environmental exposure. The ACN concentration in the pre-shift urine samples (median 3.6 micrograms/l) was lower than that found in the post-shift samples (median 10.9 micrograms/l), but higher than in the urine of non-exposed people (median 0.45 microgram/l). Smoking is an important confounding factor in monitoring exposure to ACN. The ACN concentration in urine provides reliable information about occupational and non-occupational exposure to ACN. Aspects of the mechanism of ACN excretion in urine are also discussed.
- Published
- 1998
17. [Environmental exposure and blood levels of benzene in gas station attendants. Comparison with the general population].
- Author
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Brugnone F, Perbellini L, Romeo L, Cerpelloni M, Cecco A, Leopard Barra E, Moro G, Marchiori L, and Ferracin A
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Benzene metabolism, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Humans, Italy, Male, Middle Aged, Seasons, Smoking adverse effects, Time Factors, Benzene toxicity, Environmental Exposure, Occupational Exposure, Occupations
- Abstract
Environmental benzene levels were measured in 26 petrol stations using both active and passive stationary and personal samplers. Simultaneously, benzene levels were measured in the petrol station operators on blood samples collected at the end of the work shift and the following morning before starting work. The petrol stations belonged to various different oil companies and were studied both during the winter (9 stations) and in the summer (17 stations). The environmental levels measured with active samplers in the 26 stations were on average 256 ng/l, were significantly lower (98 ng/l) in winter and higher (326 ng/l) in summer. The blood levels of benzene in 77 workers at the end of the work shift were on average 548 ng/l, were significantly lower (306 ng/l) in winter and higher (651 ng/l) in summer. The following morning, blood levels of benzene were lower than those found at the end of the work shift, on average 249 ng/l in winter and 427 ng/l in summer. Smokers had higher benzene levels than non-smokers, both in winter at the end of the work shift (617/170 ng/l) and the following morning (506/137 ng/l), and in summer at the end of the shift (742/517 ng/l) and the following morning (535/233 ng/l). A comparison with a sample of 243 "normal" subjects of the general population showed that their mean blood level of benzene of 165 ng/l was significantly lower than the level found in petrol station workers the morning after the work shift (364 ng/l).
- Published
- 1997
18. Nitrous oxide in blood and urine of operating theatre personnel and the general population.
- Author
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Brugnone F, Perbellini L, Cerpelloni M, Soave C, Cecco A, and Giuliari C
- Subjects
- Environmental Exposure analysis, Humans, Health Personnel, Nitrous Oxide blood, Nitrous Oxide urine, Occupational Exposure analysis, Operating Rooms
- Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) was assayed in 676 urine samples and 101 blood samples provided after exposure by operating theatre personnel from nine hospitals. The blood and urine assays were repeated in 25 subjects 18 h after the end of exposure. For 80 subjects, environmental N2O was also measured during intraoperative exposure. Mean urinary N2O in the 676 subjects at the end of exposure was 40 micrograms/l (range 1-3805 micrograms/l); in 10 of the 676 subjects, urinary N2O was in the range 279-3805 micrograms/l (mean 1202 micrograms/l). The 98th percentile was 120 micrograms/l. Mean blood N2O at the end of exposure, measured in 101 subjects, was 21 micrograms/l (median 16 micrograms/l, range 1-75 micrograms/l). Blood and urine N2O (1.5 micrograms/l and 4.9 micrograms/l, respectively) in 25 subjects, 18 h after exposure, was significantly higher than in occupationally non-exposed subjects (blood 0.91 microgram/l, urine 1 microgram/l). Environmental exposure was significantly related to blood and urinary N2O (r = 0.59 and r = 0.64, respectively). Blood and urinary N2O were significantly related to each other (r = 0.71), and were equivalent to about 25% of the environmental exposure level. The mean urinary N2O of 1202 micrograms/l in 10/676 subjects was not related to environmental exposure in the operating theatre. The highest urinary N2O levels measured in these 10/676 subjects could be explained by an asymptomatic urinary infection.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. [Solvent pollution in shoe factories].
- Author
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Perbellini L, Soave C, and Cerpelloni M
- Subjects
- Adhesives analysis, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry instrumentation, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry methods, Italy, Air Pollutants, Occupational analysis, Shoes, Solvents analysis
- Abstract
In order to study solvent exposure in shoe factories, 43 kinds of glues and 22 solvent products used in footwear manufacturing were analyzed. A gas chromatographic spectrometric method was used to identify the mixtures of solvents contained in glues and their diluents. Acetone, ethylacetate and cyclohexane were the solvents more frequently found in glues. Cyclohexane represented on average about 40% of the solvent mixture. Methyl ethyl ketone, 3-methylpentane and 2-methylpentane were often present in glues (45-52% of the samples), but only in a few cases were they associated with n-hexane. N-hexane and methylcyclopentane were found in 32% of the glue samples. N-hexane represented 47% of the solvents only in one glue. Most of the glues contained less than 10% n-hexane. Other solvents (dichloropropane, toluene, trichloroethane, butyl acetate, iso-butyl acetate and 2,2-dimethylbutane) were found in few glue samples or in low percentages. The 22 solvents used as glue diluents were mainly acetone, ethylacetate, dichloromethane and methyl ethyl ketone. The results suggest that solvent exposure in shoe factories has changed compared with data reported about 10 years ago. Biological monitoring of shoe factory workers should measure exposures to the specific solvents found in each factory, especially acetone, cyclohexane, ethylacetate and methyl ethyl ketone.
- Published
- 1992
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