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3. A methodology to derive global maps of leaf traits using remote sensing and climate data

Author

Moreno-Martínez, Álvaro, Camps-Valls, Gustau, Kattge, Jens, Robinson, Nathaniel, Reichstein, Markus, van Bodegom, Peter, Kramer, Koen, Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Reich, Peter, Bahn, Michael, Niinemets, Ülo, Peñuelas, Josep, Craine, Joseph M., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Minden, Vanessa, Laughlin, Daniel C., Sack, Lawren, Allred, Brady, Baraloto, Christopher, Byun, Chaeho, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., and Running, Steve W.

Published
2018
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4. Global beta-diversity of angiosperm trees is shaped by Quaternary climate change

Author

Xu, Wu Bing, Guo, Wen Yong, Serra-Diaz, Josep M., Schrodt, Franziska, Eiserhardt, Wolf L., Enquist, Brian J., Maitner, Brian S., Merow, Cory, Violle, Cyrille, Anand, Madhur, Belluau, Michaël, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Byun, Chaeho, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Dang-Le, Anh Tuan, de Frutos, Angel, Dias, Arildo S., Giroldo, Aelton B., Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Hattingh, Wesley, He, Tianhua, Hietz, Peter, Hough-Snee, Nate, Jansen, Steven, Kattge, Jens, Komac, Benjamin, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Kramer, Koen, Lavorel, Sandra, Lusk, Christopher H., Martin, Adam R., Ma, Ke Ping, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Michaletz, Sean T., Minden, Vanessa, Mori, Akira S., Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Onstein, Renske E., Peñuelas, Josep, Pillar, Valério D., Pisek, Jan, Pound, Matthew J., Robroek, Bjorn J.M., Schamp, Brandon, Slot, Martijn, Sun, Miao, Sosinski, Ênio E., Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Thiffault, Nelson, van Bodegom, Peter M., van der Plas, Fons, Zheng, Jingming, Svenning, Jens Christian, Ordonez, Alejandro, Xu, Wu Bing, Guo, Wen Yong, Serra-Diaz, Josep M., Schrodt, Franziska, Eiserhardt, Wolf L., Enquist, Brian J., Maitner, Brian S., Merow, Cory, Violle, Cyrille, Anand, Madhur, Belluau, Michaël, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Byun, Chaeho, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Dang-Le, Anh Tuan, de Frutos, Angel, Dias, Arildo S., Giroldo, Aelton B., Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Hattingh, Wesley, He, Tianhua, Hietz, Peter, Hough-Snee, Nate, Jansen, Steven, Kattge, Jens, Komac, Benjamin, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Kramer, Koen, Lavorel, Sandra, Lusk, Christopher H., Martin, Adam R., Ma, Ke Ping, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Michaletz, Sean T., Minden, Vanessa, Mori, Akira S., Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Onstein, Renske E., Peñuelas, Josep, Pillar, Valério D., Pisek, Jan, Pound, Matthew J., Robroek, Bjorn J.M., Schamp, Brandon, Slot, Martijn, Sun, Miao, Sosinski, Ênio E., Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Thiffault, Nelson, van Bodegom, Peter M., van der Plas, Fons, Zheng, Jingming, Svenning, Jens Christian, and Ordonez, Alejandro

Abstract

As Earth’s climate has varied strongly through geological time, studying the impacts of past climate change on biodiversity helps to understand the risks from future climate change. However, it remains unclear how paleoclimate shapes spatial variation in biodiversity. Here, we assessed the influence of Quaternary climate change on spatial dissimilarity in taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional composition among neighboring 200-kilometer cells (beta-diversity) for angiosperm trees worldwide. We found that larger glacial-interglacial temperature change was strongly associated with lower spatial turnover (species replacements) and higher nestedness (richness changes) components of beta-diversity across all three biodiversity facets. Moreover, phylogenetic and functional turnover was lower and nestedness higher than random expectations based on taxonomic beta-diversity in regions that experienced large temperature change, reflecting phylogenetically and functionally selective processes in species replacement, extinction, and colonization during glacial-interglacial oscillations. Our results suggest that future human-driven climate change could cause local homogenization and reduction in taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of angiosperm trees worldwide., As Earth's climate has varied strongly through geological time, studying the impacts of past climate change on biodiversity helps to understand the risks from future climate change. However, it remains unclear how paleoclimate shapes spatial variation in biodiversity. Here, we assessed the influence of Quaternary climate change on spatial dissimilarity in taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional composition among neighboring 200-kilometer cells (beta-diversity) for angiosperm trees worldwide. We found that larger glacial-interglacial temperature change was strongly associated with lower spatial turnover (species replacements) and higher nestedness (richness changes) components of beta-diversity across all three biodiversity facets. Moreover, phylogenetic and functional turnover was lower and nestedness higher than random expectations based on taxonomic beta-diversity in regions that experienced large temperature change, reflecting phylogenetically and functionally selective processes in species replacement, extinction, and colonization during glacial-interglacial oscillations. Our results suggest that future human-driven climate change could cause local homogenization and reduction in taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of angiosperm trees worldwide.

Published
2023

6. Small and slow is safe: On the drought tolerance of tropical tree species

Author

Guillemot, Joannès, Martin‐Stpaul, Nicolas K., Bulascoschi, Leticia, Poorter, Lourens, Morin, Xavier, Pinho, Bruno X., Maire, Guerric, Bittencourt, Paulo, Oliveira, Rafael S., Bongers, Frans, Brouwer, Rens, Pereira, Luciano, Gonzalez Melo, German Andrés, Boonman, Coline C.F., Brown, Kerry A., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Schneider, Julio V., Sheremetiev, Serge, Brancalion, Pedro H.S., Guillemot, Joannès, Martin‐Stpaul, Nicolas K., Bulascoschi, Leticia, Poorter, Lourens, Morin, Xavier, Pinho, Bruno X., Maire, Guerric, Bittencourt, Paulo, Oliveira, Rafael S., Bongers, Frans, Brouwer, Rens, Pereira, Luciano, Gonzalez Melo, German Andrés, Boonman, Coline C.F., Brown, Kerry A., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Schneider, Julio V., Sheremetiev, Serge, and Brancalion, Pedro H.S.

Abstract

Understanding how evolutionary history and the coordination between trait trade-off axes shape the drought tolerance of trees is crucial to predict forest dynamics under climate change. Here, we compiled traits related to drought tolerance and the fast-slow and stature-recruitment trade-off axes in 601 tropical woody species to explore their covariations and phylogenetic signals. We found that xylem resistance to embolism (P50) determines the risk of hydraulic failure, while the functional significance of leaf turgor loss point (TLP) relies on its coordination with water use strategies. P50 and TLP exhibit weak phylogenetic signals and substantial variation within genera. TLP is closely associated with the fast-slow trait axis: slow species maintain leaf functioning under higher water stress. P50 is associated with both the fast-slow and stature-recruitment trait axes: slow and small species exhibit more resistant xylem. Lower leaf phosphorus concentration is associated with more resistant xylem, which suggests a (nutrient and drought) stress-tolerance syndrome in the tropics. Overall, our results imply that (1) drought tolerance is under strong selective pressure in tropical forests, and TLP and P50 result from the repeated evolutionary adaptation of closely related taxa, and (2) drought tolerance is coordinated with the ecological strategies governing tropical forest demography. These findings provide a physiological basis to interpret the drought-induced shift toward slow-growing, smaller, denser-wooded trees observed in the tropics, with implications for forest restoration programmes.

Published
2022

7. High exposure of global tree diversity to human pressure

Author

Guo, Wen Yong, Serra-Diaz, Josep M., Schrodt, Franziska, Eiserhardt, Wolf L., Maitner, Brian S., Merow, Cory, Violle, Cyrille, Anand, Madhur, Belluau, Michaël, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Byun, Chaeho, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Cornelissen, J.H.C., Dang-Le, Anh Tuan, de Frutos, Angel, Dias, Arildo S., Giroldo, Aelton B., Guo, Kun, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Hattingh, Wesley, He, Tianhua, Hietz, Peter, Hough-Snee, Nate, Jansen, Steven, Kattge, Jens, Klein, Tamir, Komac, Benjamin, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Kramer, Koen, Lavorel, Sandra, Lusk, Christopher H., Martin, Adam R., Mencuccini, Maurizio, Michaletz, Sean T., Minden, Vanessa, Mori, Akira S., Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Peñuelas, Josep, Pillar, Valério D., Pisek, Jan, Robroek, Bjorn J.M., Schamp, Brandon, Slot, Martijn, Sosinski, Ênio Egon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Thiffault, Nelson, van Bodegom, Peter, van der Plas, Fons, Wright, Ian J., Xu, Wu Bing, Zheng, Jingming, Enquist, Brian J., Svenning, Jens Christian, Guo, Wen Yong, Serra-Diaz, Josep M., Schrodt, Franziska, Eiserhardt, Wolf L., Maitner, Brian S., Merow, Cory, Violle, Cyrille, Anand, Madhur, Belluau, Michaël, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Byun, Chaeho, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Cornelissen, J.H.C., Dang-Le, Anh Tuan, de Frutos, Angel, Dias, Arildo S., Giroldo, Aelton B., Guo, Kun, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Hattingh, Wesley, He, Tianhua, Hietz, Peter, Hough-Snee, Nate, Jansen, Steven, Kattge, Jens, Klein, Tamir, Komac, Benjamin, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Kramer, Koen, Lavorel, Sandra, Lusk, Christopher H., Martin, Adam R., Mencuccini, Maurizio, Michaletz, Sean T., Minden, Vanessa, Mori, Akira S., Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Peñuelas, Josep, Pillar, Valério D., Pisek, Jan, Robroek, Bjorn J.M., Schamp, Brandon, Slot, Martijn, Sosinski, Ênio Egon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Thiffault, Nelson, van Bodegom, Peter, van der Plas, Fons, Wright, Ian J., Xu, Wu Bing, Zheng, Jingming, Enquist, Brian J., and Svenning, Jens Christian

Abstract

Safeguarding Earth's tree diversity is a conservation priority due to the importance of trees for biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services such as carbon sequestration. Here, we improve the foundation for effective conservation of global tree diversity by analyzing a recently developed database of tree species covering 46,752 species. We quantify range protection and anthropogenic pressures for each species and develop conservation priorities across taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity dimensions. We also assess the effectiveness of several influential proposed conservation prioritization frameworks to protect the top 17% and top 50% of tree priority areas. We find that an average of 50.2% of a tree species' range occurs in 110-km grid cells without any protected areas (PAs), with 6,377 small-range tree species fully unprotected, and that 83% of tree species experience nonnegligible human pressure across their range on average. Protecting high-priority areas for the top 17% and 50% priority thresholds would increase the average protected proportion of each tree species' range to 65.5% and 82.6%, respectively, leaving many fewer species (2,151 and 2,010) completely unprotected. The priority areas identified for trees match well to the Global 200 Ecoregions framework, revealing that priority areas for trees would in large part also optimize protection for terrestrial biodiversity overall. Based on range estimates for >46,000 tree species, our findings show that a large proportion of tree species receive limited protection by current PAs and are under substantial human pressure. Improved protection of biodiversity overall would also strongly benefit global tree diversity.

Published
2022

8. The global spectrum of plant form and function : enhanced species-level trait dataset

Author

Díaz, Sandra, Kattge, Jens, Cornelissen, Johannes H.C., Wright, Ian J., Lavorel, Sandra, Dray, Stéphane, Reu, Björn, Kleyer, Michael, Wirth, Christian, Prentice, I.C., Garnier, Eric, Bönisch, Gerhard, Westoby, Mark, Poorter, Hendrik, Reich, Peter B., Moles, Angela T., Dickie, John, Zanne, Amy E., Chave, Jérôme, Wright, S.J., Sheremetiev, Serge N., Jactel, Hervé, Baraloto, Christopher, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Pierce, Simon, Shipley, Bill, Casanoves, Fernando, Joswig, Julia S., Günther, Angela, Falczuk, Valeria, Rüger, Nadja, Mahecha, Miguel D., Gorné, Lucas D., Amiaud, Bernard, Atkin, Owen K., Bahn, Michael, Baldocchi, Dennis, Beckmann, Michael, Blonder, Benjamin, Bond, William, Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Brown, Kerry, Burrascano, Sabina, Byun, Chaeho, Campetella, Giandiego, Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Chapin, F.S., Choat, Brendan, Coomes, David Anthony, Cornwell, William K., Craine, Joseph, Craven, Dylan, Dainese, Matteo, de Araujo, Alessandro Carioca, de Vries, Franciska T., Domingues, Tomas Ferreira, Enquist, Brian J., Fagúndez, Jaime, Fang, Jingyun, Fernández-Méndez, Fernando, Fernandez-Piedade, Maria T., Ford, Henry, Forey, Estelle, Freschet, Gregoire T., Gachet, Sophie, Gallagher, Rachael, Green, Walton, Guerin, Greg R., Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Harrison, Sandy P., Hattingh, Wesley Neil, He, Tianhua, Hickler, Thomas, Higgins, Steven I., Higuchi, Pedro, Ilic, Jugo, Jackson, Robert B., Jalili, Adel, Jansen, Steven, Koike, Fumito, König, Christian, Kraft, Nathan, Kramer, Koen, Kreft, Holger, Kühn, Ingolf, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Lamb, Eric G., Laughlin, Daniel C., Leishman, Michelle, Lewis, Simon, Louault, Frédérique, Malhado, Ana C.M., Manning, Peter, Meir, Patrick, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Messier, Julie, Miller, Regis, Minden, Vanessa, Molofsky, Jane, Montgomery, Rebecca, Montserrat-Martí, Gabriel, Moretti, Marco, Müller, Sandra, Niinemets, Ülo, Ogaya, Romà, Öllerer, Kinga, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Onoda, Yusuke, Ozinga, Wim A., Pausas, Juli G., Peco, Begoña, Penuelas, Josep, Pillar, Valério D., Pladevall, Clara, Römermann, Christine, Sack, Lawren, Salinas, Norma, Sandel, Brody, Sardans, Jordi, Schamp, Brandon, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Schulze, Ernst Detlef, Schweingruber, Fritz, Shiodera, Satomi, Sosinski, Ênio, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda, Spasojevic, Marko J., Swaine, Emily, Swenson, Nathan, Tautenhahn, Susanne, Thompson, Ken, Totte, Alexia, Urrutia-Jalabert, Rocío, Valladares, Fernando, van Bodegom, Peter, Vasseur, François, Verheyen, Kris, Vile, Denis, Violle, Cyrille, von Holle, Betsy, Weigelt, Patrick, Weiher, Evan, Wiemann, Michael C., Williams, Mathew, Wright, Justin, Zotz, Gerhard, Díaz, Sandra, Kattge, Jens, Cornelissen, Johannes H.C., Wright, Ian J., Lavorel, Sandra, Dray, Stéphane, Reu, Björn, Kleyer, Michael, Wirth, Christian, Prentice, I.C., Garnier, Eric, Bönisch, Gerhard, Westoby, Mark, Poorter, Hendrik, Reich, Peter B., Moles, Angela T., Dickie, John, Zanne, Amy E., Chave, Jérôme, Wright, S.J., Sheremetiev, Serge N., Jactel, Hervé, Baraloto, Christopher, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Pierce, Simon, Shipley, Bill, Casanoves, Fernando, Joswig, Julia S., Günther, Angela, Falczuk, Valeria, Rüger, Nadja, Mahecha, Miguel D., Gorné, Lucas D., Amiaud, Bernard, Atkin, Owen K., Bahn, Michael, Baldocchi, Dennis, Beckmann, Michael, Blonder, Benjamin, Bond, William, Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Brown, Kerry, Burrascano, Sabina, Byun, Chaeho, Campetella, Giandiego, Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Chapin, F.S., Choat, Brendan, Coomes, David Anthony, Cornwell, William K., Craine, Joseph, Craven, Dylan, Dainese, Matteo, de Araujo, Alessandro Carioca, de Vries, Franciska T., Domingues, Tomas Ferreira, Enquist, Brian J., Fagúndez, Jaime, Fang, Jingyun, Fernández-Méndez, Fernando, Fernandez-Piedade, Maria T., Ford, Henry, Forey, Estelle, Freschet, Gregoire T., Gachet, Sophie, Gallagher, Rachael, Green, Walton, Guerin, Greg R., Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Harrison, Sandy P., Hattingh, Wesley Neil, He, Tianhua, Hickler, Thomas, Higgins, Steven I., Higuchi, Pedro, Ilic, Jugo, Jackson, Robert B., Jalili, Adel, Jansen, Steven, Koike, Fumito, König, Christian, Kraft, Nathan, Kramer, Koen, Kreft, Holger, Kühn, Ingolf, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Lamb, Eric G., Laughlin, Daniel C., Leishman, Michelle, Lewis, Simon, Louault, Frédérique, Malhado, Ana C.M., Manning, Peter, Meir, Patrick, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Messier, Julie, Miller, Regis, Minden, Vanessa, Molofsky, Jane, Montgomery, Rebecca, Montserrat-Martí, Gabriel, Moretti, Marco, Müller, Sandra, Niinemets, Ülo, Ogaya, Romà, Öllerer, Kinga, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Onoda, Yusuke, Ozinga, Wim A., Pausas, Juli G., Peco, Begoña, Penuelas, Josep, Pillar, Valério D., Pladevall, Clara, Römermann, Christine, Sack, Lawren, Salinas, Norma, Sandel, Brody, Sardans, Jordi, Schamp, Brandon, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Schulze, Ernst Detlef, Schweingruber, Fritz, Shiodera, Satomi, Sosinski, Ênio, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda, Spasojevic, Marko J., Swaine, Emily, Swenson, Nathan, Tautenhahn, Susanne, Thompson, Ken, Totte, Alexia, Urrutia-Jalabert, Rocío, Valladares, Fernando, van Bodegom, Peter, Vasseur, François, Verheyen, Kris, Vile, Denis, Violle, Cyrille, von Holle, Betsy, Weigelt, Patrick, Weiher, Evan, Wiemann, Michael C., Williams, Mathew, Wright, Justin, and Zotz, Gerhard

Abstract

Here we provide the ‘Global Spectrum of Plant Form and Function Dataset’, containing species mean values for six vascular plant traits. Together, these traits –plant height, stem specific density, leaf area, leaf mass per area, leaf nitrogen content per dry mass, and diaspore (seed or spore) mass – define the primary axes of variation in plant form and function. The dataset is based on ca. 1 million trait records received via the TRY database (representing ca. 2,500 original publications) and additional unpublished data. It provides 92,159 species mean values for the six traits, covering 46,047 species. The data are complemented by higher-level taxonomic classification and six categorical traits (woodiness, growth form, succulence, adaptation to terrestrial or aquatic habitats, nutrition type and leaf type). Data quality management is based on a probabilistic approach combined with comprehensive validation against expert knowledge and external information. Intense data acquisition and thorough quality control produced the largest and, to our knowledge, most accurate compilation of empirically observed vascular plant species mean traits to date.

Published
2022

9. Climatic and soil factors explain the two-dimensional spectrum of global plant trait variation

Author

Joswig, Julia S., Wirth, Christian, Schuman, Meredith C., Kattge, Jens, Reu, Björn, Wright, Ian J., Sippel, Sebastian D., Rüger, Nadja, Richter, Ronny, Schaepman, Michael E., van Bodegom, Peter M., Cornelissen, J.H.C., Díaz, Sandra, Hattingh, Wesley N., Kramer, Koen, Lens, Frederic, Niinemets, Ülo, Reich, Peter B., Reichstein, Markus, Römermann, Christine, Schrodt, Franziska, Anand, Madhur, Bahn, Michael, Byun, Chaeho, Campetella, Giandiego, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Craine, Joseph M., Gonzalez-Melo, Andres, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., He, Tianhua, Higuchi, Pedro, Jactel, Hervé, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Minden, Vanessa, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Peñuelas, Josep, Pillar, Valério D., Sosinski, Ênio, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Weiher, Evan, Mahecha, Miguel D., Joswig, Julia S., Wirth, Christian, Schuman, Meredith C., Kattge, Jens, Reu, Björn, Wright, Ian J., Sippel, Sebastian D., Rüger, Nadja, Richter, Ronny, Schaepman, Michael E., van Bodegom, Peter M., Cornelissen, J.H.C., Díaz, Sandra, Hattingh, Wesley N., Kramer, Koen, Lens, Frederic, Niinemets, Ülo, Reich, Peter B., Reichstein, Markus, Römermann, Christine, Schrodt, Franziska, Anand, Madhur, Bahn, Michael, Byun, Chaeho, Campetella, Giandiego, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Craine, Joseph M., Gonzalez-Melo, Andres, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., He, Tianhua, Higuchi, Pedro, Jactel, Hervé, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Minden, Vanessa, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Peñuelas, Josep, Pillar, Valério D., Sosinski, Ênio, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Weiher, Evan, and Mahecha, Miguel D.

Abstract

Plant functional traits can predict community assembly and ecosystem functioning and are thus widely used in global models of vegetation dynamics and land–climate feedbacks. Still, we lack a global understanding of how land and climate affect plant traits. A previous global analysis of six traits observed two main axes of variation: (1) size variation at the organ and plant level and (2) leaf economics balancing leaf persistence against plant growth potential. The orthogonality of these two axes suggests they are differently influenced by environmental drivers. We find that these axes persist in a global dataset of 17 traits across more than 20,000 species. We find a dominant joint effect of climate and soil on trait variation. Additional independent climate effects are also observed across most traits, whereas independent soil effects are almost exclusively observed for economics traits. Variation in size traits correlates well with a latitudinal gradient related to water or energy limitation. In contrast, variation in economics traits is better explained by interactions of climate with soil fertility. These findings have the potential to improve our understanding of biodiversity patterns and our predictions of climate change impacts on biogeochemical cycles.

Published
2022

10. Global relationships in tree functional traits

Author

Maynard, Daniel S., Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia, Zohner, Constantin, Averill, Colin, van den Hoogen, Johan, Ma, Haozhi, Mo, Lidong, Smith, Gabriel Reuben, Acosta, Alicia T.R., Aubin, Isabelle, Berenguer, Erika, Boonman, Coline C.F., Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Dias, Arildo S., González-Melo, Andrés, Hietz, Peter, Lusk, Christopher H., Mori, Akira S., Niinemets, Ülo, and Crowther, Thomas W.

Subjects
Biogeography, Ecology, Ecophysiology, FOS: Biological sciences
Abstract

Due to massive energetic investments in woody support structures, trees are subject to unique physiological, mechanical, and ecological pressures not experienced by herbaceous plants. Despite a wealth of studies exploring trait relationships across the entire plant kingdom, the dominant traits underpinning these unique aspects of tree form and function remain unclear. Here, by considering 18 functional traits, encompassing leaf, seed, bark, wood, crown, and root characteristics, we quantify the multidimensional relationships in tree trait expression. We find that nearly half of trait variation is captured by two axes: one reflecting leaf economics, the other reflecting tree size and competition for light. Yet these orthogonal axes reveal strong environmental convergence, exhibiting correlated responses to temperature, moisture, and elevation. By subsequently exploring multidimensional trait relationships, we show that the full dimensionality of trait space is captured by eight distinct clusters, each reflecting a unique aspect of tree form and function. Collectively, this work identifies a core set of traits needed to quantify global patterns in functional biodiversity, and it contributes to our fundamental understanding of the functioning of forests worldwide., Nature Communications, 13 (1), ISSN:2041-1723

Published
2022
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12. Global trade-offs in tree functional traits

Author

Maynard, Daniel S., primary, Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia, additional, Zohner, Constantin M., additional, Averill, Colin, additional, van den Hoogen, Johan, additional, Ma, Haozhi, additional, Mo, Lidong, additional, Smith, Gabriel Reuben, additional, Aubin, Isabelle, additional, Berenguer, Erika, additional, Boonman, Coline C.F., additional, Catford, Jane, additional, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., additional, Dias, Arildo, additional, González-Melo, Andrés, additional, Heitz, Peter, additional, Lusk, Christopher H., additional, Mori, Akira S., additional, Niinemets, Ülo, additional, Pillar, Valério D., additional, Rosell, Julieta A., additional, Schurr, Frank M., additional, Sheremetev, Serge N., additional, da Silva, Ana Carolina, additional, Sosinski, Ênio, additional, van Bodegom, Peter M., additional, Weiher, Evan, additional, Bönisch, Gerhard, additional, Kattge, Jens, additional, and Crowther, Thomas W., additional

Published
2021
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13. Plant functional and taxonomic diversity in European grasslands along climatic gradients

Author

Boonman, C.C.F., Santini, L., Robroek, B.J.M., Hoeks, S., Kelderman, S., Dengler, J., Bergamini, A., Biurrun, Idoia, Carranza, M.L., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chytry, M., Jandt, U., Lysenko, L., Stanisci, Angela, Tatarenko, I., Rusina, S., Huijbregts, M.A.J., Boonman, C.C.F., Santini, L., Robroek, B.J.M., Hoeks, S., Kelderman, S., Dengler, J., Bergamini, A., Biurrun, Idoia, Carranza, M.L., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chytry, M., Jandt, U., Lysenko, L., Stanisci, Angela, Tatarenko, I., Rusina, S., and Huijbregts, M.A.J.

Abstract

20 april 2021, Contains fulltext : 235958.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Published
2021

14. Plant functional and taxonomic diversity in European grasslands along climatic gradients

Author

Boonman, Coline C.F., Santini, Luca, Robroek, Bjorn J.M., Hoeks, Selwyn, Kelderman, Steven, Dengler, Jürgen, Bergamini, Ariel, Biurrun, Idoia, Carranza, Maria Laura, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chytrý, Milan, Jandt, Ute, Lysenko, Tatiana, Stanisci, Angela, Tatarenko, Irina, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Huijbregts, Mark A.J., Boonman, Coline C.F., Santini, Luca, Robroek, Bjorn J.M., Hoeks, Selwyn, Kelderman, Steven, Dengler, Jürgen, Bergamini, Ariel, Biurrun, Idoia, Carranza, Maria Laura, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chytrý, Milan, Jandt, Ute, Lysenko, Tatiana, Stanisci, Angela, Tatarenko, Irina, Rūsiņa, Solvita, and Huijbregts, Mark A.J.

Abstract

Aim European grassland communities are highly diverse, but patterns and drivers of their continental‐scale diversity remain elusive. This study analyses taxonomic and functional richness in European grasslands along continental‐scale temperature and precipitation gradients. Location Europe. Methods We quantified functional and taxonomic richness of 55,748 vegetation plots. Six plant traits, related to resource acquisition and conservation, were analysed to describe plant community functional composition. Using a null‐model approach we derived functional richness effect sizes that indicate higher or lower diversity than expected given the taxonomic richness. We assessed the variation in absolute functional and taxonomic richness and in functional richness effect sizes along gradients of minimum temperature, temperature range, annual precipitation, and precipitation seasonality using a multiple general additive modelling approach. Results Functional and taxonomic richness was high at intermediate minimum temperatures and wide temperature ranges. Functional and taxonomic richness was low in correspondence with low minimum temperatures or narrow temperature ranges. Functional richness increased and taxonomic richness decreased at higher minimum temperatures and wide annual temperature ranges. Both functional and taxonomic richness decreased with increasing precipitation seasonality and showed a small increase at intermediate annual precipitation. Overall, effect sizes of functional richness were small. However, effect sizes indicated trait divergence at extremely low minimum temperatures and at low annual precipitation with extreme precipitation seasonality. Conclusions Functional and taxonomic richness of European grassland communities vary considerably over temperature and precipitation gradients. Overall, they follow similar patterns over the climate gradients, except at high minimum temperatures and wide temperature ranges, where functional richness increases and ta

Published
2021

15. Assessing the reliability of predicted plant trait distributions at the global scale

Author

Boonman, Coline C.F., Benitez-Lopez, Ana, Schipper, Aafke M., Thuiller, Wilfried, Anand, Madhur, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Huijbregts, Mark A.J., Santini, Luca, Boonman, Coline C.F., Benitez-Lopez, Ana, Schipper, Aafke M., Thuiller, Wilfried, Anand, Madhur, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Huijbregts, Mark A.J., and Santini, Luca

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 218118.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2020

16. TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Author

Kattge, Jens, Bönisch, Gerhard, Díaz, Sandra, Lavorel, Sandra, Prentice, Iain Colin, Leadley, Paul, Tautenhahn, Susanne, Werner, Gijsbert D.A., Aakala, Tuomas, Abedi, Mehdi, Acosta, Alicia T.R., Adamidis, George C., Adamson, Kairi, Aiba, Masahiro, Albert, Cécile H., Alcántara, Julio M., Alcázar C, Carolina, Aleixo, Izabela, Ali, Hamada, Amiaud, Bernard, Ammer, Christian, Amoroso, Mariano M., Anand, Madhur, Anderson, Carolyn, Anten, Niels, Antos, Joseph, Apgaua, Deborah Mattos Guimarães, Ashman, Tia-Lynn, Asmara, Degi Harja, Asner, Gregory P., Aspinwall, Michael, Atkin, Owen, Aubin, Isabelle, Baastrup-Spohr, Lars, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Bahn, Michael, Baker, Timothy, Baker, William J., Bakker, Jan P., Baldocchi, Dennis, Baltzer, Jennifer, Banerjee, Arindam, Baranger, Anne, Barlow, Jos, Barneche, Diego R., Baruch, Zdravko, Bastianelli, Denis, Battles, John, Bauerle, William, Bauters, Marijn, Bazzato, Erika, Beckmann, Michael, Beeckman, Hans, Beierkuhnlein, Carl, Bekker, Renee, Belfry, Gavin, Belluau, Michael, Beloiu, Mirela, Benavides, Raquel, Benomar, Lahcen, Berdugo-Lattke, Mary Lee, Berenguer, Erika, Bergamin, Rodrigo, Bergmann, Joana, Bergmann Carlucci, Marcos, Berner, Logan, Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus, Bigler, Christof, Bjorkman, Anne D., Blackman, Chris, Blanco, Carolina, Blonder, Benjamin, Blumenthal, Dana, Bocanegra-González, Kelly T., Boeckx, Pascal, Bohlman, Stephanie, Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Boisvert-Marsh, Laura, Bond, William, Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Boom, Arnoud, Boonman, Coline C.F., Bordin, Kauane, Boughton, Elizabeth H., Boukili, Vanessa, Bowman, David M.J.S., Bravo, Sandra, Brendel, Marco Richard, Broadley, Martin R., Brown, Kerry A., Bruelheide, Helge, Brumnich, Federico, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Bruy, David, Buchanan, Serra W., Bucher, Solveig Franziska, Buchmann, Nina, Buitenwerf, Robert, Bunker, Daniel E., Bürger, Jana, Burrascano, Sabina, Burslem, David F.R.P., Butterfield, Bradley J., Byun, Chaeho, Marques, Marcia, Scalon, Marina C., Caccianiga, Marco, Cadotte, Marc, Cailleret, Maxime, Camac, James, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Campany, Courtney, Campetella, Giandiego, Campos, Juan Antonio, Cano-Arboleda, Laura, Canullo, Roberto, Carbognani, Michele, Carvalho, Fabio, Casanoves, Fernando, Castagneyrol, Bastien, Catford, Jane A., Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Cervellini, Marco, Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Chapin, Kenneth, Chapin, F. Stuart, Chelli, Stefano, Chen, Si-Chong, Chen, Anping, Cherubini, Paolo, Chianucci, Francesco, Choat, Brendan, Chung, Kyong-Sook, Chytrý, Milan, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Coll, Lluís, Collins, Courtney G., Conti, Luisa, Coomes, David, Cornelissen, Johannes H.C., Cornwell, William K., Corona, Piermaria, Coyea, Marie, Craine, Joseph, Craven, Dylan, Cromsigt, Joris P.G.M., Csecserits, Anikó, Cufar, Katarina, Cuntz, Matthias, da Silva, Ana Carolina, Dahlin, Kyla M., Dainese, Matteo, Dalke, Igor, Dalle Fratte, Michele, Dang-Le, Anh Tuan, Danihelka, Jirí, Dannoura, Masako, Dawson, Samantha, de Beer, Arend Jacobus, De Frutos, Angel, De Long, Jonathan R., Dechant, Benjamin, Delagrange, Sylvain, Delpierre, Nicolas, Derroire, Géraldine, Dias, Arildo S., Diaz-Toribio, Milton Hugo, Dimitrakopoulos, Panayiotis G., Dobrowolski, Mark, Doktor, Daniel, Dřevojan, Pavel, Dong, Ning, Dransfield, John, Dressler, Stefan, Duarte, Leandro, Ducouret, Emilie, Dullinger, Stefan, Durka, Walter, Duursma, Remko, Dymova, Olga, E-Vojtkó, Anna, Eckstein, Rolf Lutz, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Elser, James, Emilio, Thaise, Engemann, Kristine, Erfanian, Mohammad Bagher, Erfmeier, Alexandra, Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane, Esser, Gerd, Estiarte, Marc, Domingues, Tomas F., Fagan, William F., Fagúndez, Jaime, Falster, Daniel S., Fan, Ying, Fang, Jingyun, Farris, Emmanuele, Fazlioglu, Fatih, Feng, Yanhao, Fernandez-Mendez, Fernando, Ferrara, Carlotta, Ferreira, Joice, Fidelis, Alessandra, Finegan, Bryan, Firn, Jennifer, Flowers, Timothy J., Flynn, Dan F.B., Fontana, Veronika, Forey, Estelle, Forgiarini, Cristiane, François, Louis, Frangipani, Marcelo, Frank, Dorothea, Frenette-Dussault, Cedric, Freschet, Grégoire T., Fry, Ellen L., Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Mazzochini, Guilherme G., Gachet, Sophie, Gallagher, Rachael, Ganade, Gislene, Ganga, Francesca, García-Palacios, Pablo, Gargaglione, Verónica, Garnier, Eric, Garrido, Jose Luis, de Gasper, André Luís, Gea-Izquierdo, Guillermo, Gibson, David, Gillison, Andrew N., Giroldo, Aelton, Glasenhardt, Mary-Claire, Gleason, Sean, Gliesch, Mariana, Goldberg, Emma, Göldel, Bastian, Gonzalez-Akre, Erika, Gonzalez-Andujar, Jose L., González-Melo, Andrés, González-Robles, Ana, Graae, Bente Jessen, Granda, Elena, Graves, Sarah, Green, Walton A., Gregor, Thomas, Gross, Nicolas, Guerin, Greg R., Günther, Angela, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Haddock, Lillie, Haines, Anna, Hall, Jefferson, Hambuckers, Alain, Han, Wenxuan, Harrison, Sandy P., Hattingh, Wesley, Hawes, Joseph E., He, Tianhua, He, Pengcheng, Heberling, Jacob Mason, Helm, Aveliina, Hempel, Stefan, Hentschel, Jörn, Hérault, Bruno, Hereş, Ana-Maria, Herz, Katharina, Heuertz, Myriam, Hickler, Thomas, Hietz, Peter, Higuchi, Pedro, Hipp, Andrew L., Hirons, Andrew, Hock, Maria, Hogan, James Aaron, Holl, Karen, Honnay, Olivier, Hornstein, Daniel, Hou, Enqing, Hough-Snee, Nate, Hovstad, Knut Anders, Ichie, Tomoaki, Igić, Boris, Illa, Estela, Isaac, Marney, Ishihara, Masae, Ivanov, Leonid, Ivanova, Larissa, Iversen, Colleen M., Izquierdo, Jordi, Jackson, Robert B., Jackson, Benjamin, Jactel, Hervé, Jagodzinski, Andrzej M., Jandt, Ute, Jansen, Steven, Jenkins, Thomas, Jentsch, Anke, Jespersen, Jens Rasmus Plantener, Jiang, Guo-Feng, Johansen, Jesper Liengaard, Johnson, David, Jokela, Eric J., Joly, Carlos Alfredo, Jordan, Gregory J., Joseph, Grant Stuart, Junaedi, Decky, Junker, Robert R., Justes, Eric, Kabzems, Richard, Kane, Jeffrey, Kaplan, Zdenek, Kattenborn, Teja, Kavelenova, Lyudmila, Kearsley, Elizabeth, Kempel, Anne, Kenzo, Tanaka, Kerkhoff, Andrew, Khalil, Mohammed I., Kinlock, Nicole L., Kissling, Wilm Daniel, Kitajima, Kaoru, Kitzberger, Thomas, Kjøller, Rasmus, Klein, Tamir, Kleyer, Michael, Klimešová, Jitka, Klipel, Joice, Kloeppel, Brian, Klotz, Stefan, Knops, Johannes M.H., Kohyama, Takashi, Koike, Fumito, Kollmann, Johannes, Komac, Benjamin, Komatsu, Kimberly, König, Christian, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Kramer, Koen, Kreft, Holger, Kühn, Ingolf, Kumarathunge, Dushan, Kuppler, Jonas, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Kurosawa, Yoko, Kuyah, Shem, Laclau, Jean-Paul, Lafleur, Benoit, Lallai, Erik, Lamb, Eric, Lamprecht, Andrea, Larkin, Daniel J., Laughlin, Daniel, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, le Maire, Guerric, le Roux, Peter C., le Roux, Elizabeth, Lee, Tali, Lens, Frederic, Lewis, Simon L., Lhotsky, Barbara, Li, Yuanzhi, Li, Xine, Lichstein, Jeremy W., Liebergesell, Mario, Lim, Jun Ying, Lin, Yan-Shih, Linares, Juan Carlos, Liu, Chunjiang, Liu, Daijun, Liu, Udayangani, Livingstone, Stuart, Llusià, Joan, Lohbeck, Madelon, López-García, Álvaro, Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Lososová, Zdeňka, Louault, Frédérique, Lukács, Balázs A., Lukeš, Petr, Luo, Yunjian, Lussu, Michele, Ma, Siyan, Maciel Rabelo Pereira, Camilla, Mack, Michelle, Maire, Vincent, Mäkelä, Annikki, Mäkinen, Harri, Malhado, Ana Claudia Mendes, Mallik, Azim, Manning, Peter, Manzoni, Stefano, Marchetti, Zuleica, Marchino, Luca, Marcilio-Silva, Vinicius, Marcon, Eric, Marignani, Michela, Markesteijn, Lars, Martin, Adam, Martínez-Garza, Cristina, Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi, Mašková, Tereza, Mason, Kelly, Mason, Norman, Massad, Tara Joy, Masse, Jacynthe, Mayrose, Itay, McCarthy, James, McCormack, M. Luke, McCulloh, Katherine, McFadden, Ian R., McGill, Brian J., McPartland, Mara Y., Medeiros, Juliana S., Medlyn, Belinda, Meerts, Pierre, Mehrabi, Zia, Meir, Patrick, Melo, Felipe P.L., Mencuccini, Maurizio, Meredieu, Céline, Messier, Julie, Mészáros, Ilona, Metsaranta, Juha, Michaletz, Sean T., Michelaki, Chrysanthi, Migalina, Svetlana, Milla, Ruben, Miller, Jesse E.D., Minden, Vanessa, Ming, Ray, Mokany, Karel, Moles, Angela T., Molnár V, Attila, Molofsky, Jane, Molz, Martin, Montgomery, Rebecca A., Monty, Arnaud, Moravcová, Lenka, Moreno-Martínez, Alvaro, Moretti, Marco, Mori, Akira S., Mori, Shigeta, Morris, Dave, Morrison, Jane, Mucina, Ladislav, Mueller, Sandra, Muir, Christopher D., Müller, Sandra Cristina, Munoz, François, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Myster, Randall W., Nagano, Masahiro, Naidu, Shawna, Narayanan, Ayyappan, Natesan, Balachandran, Negoita, Luka, Nelson, Andrew S., Neuschulz, Eike Lena, Ni, Jian, Niedrist, Georg, Nieto, Jhon, Niinemets, Ülo, Nolan, Rachael, Nottebrock, Henning, Nouvellon, Yann, Novakovskiy, Alexander, Network, The Nutrient, Nystuen, Kristin Odden, O'Grady, Anthony, O'Hara, Kevin, O'Reilly-Nugent, Andrew, Oakley, Simon, Oberhuber, Walter, Ohtsuka, Toshiyuki, Oliveira, Ricardo, Öllerer, Kinga, Olson, Mark E., Onipchenko, Vladimir, Onoda, Yusuke, Onstein, Renske E., Ordonez, Jenny C., Osada, Noriyuki, Ostonen, Ivika, Ottaviani, Gianluigi, Otto, Sarah, Overbeck, Gerhard E., Ozinga, Wim A., Pahl, Anna T., Paine, C.E. Timothy, Pakeman, Robin J., Papageorgiou, Aristotelis C., Parfionova, Evgeniya, Pärtel, Meelis, Patacca, Marco, Paula, Susana, Paule, Juraj, Pauli, Harald, Pausas, Juli G., Peco, Begoña, Penuelas, Josep, Perea, Antonio, Peri, Pablo Luis, Petisco-Souza, Ana Carolina, Petraglia, Alessandro, Petritan, Any Mary, Phillips, Oliver L., Pierce, Simon, Pillar, Valério D., Pisek, Jan, Pomogaybin, Alexandr, Poorter, Hendrik, Portsmuth, Angelika, Poschlod, Peter, Potvin, Catherine, Pounds, Devon, Powell, A. Shafer, Power, Sally A., Prinzing, Andreas, Puglielli, Giacomo, Pyšek, Petr, Raevel, Valerie, Rammig, Anja, Ransijn, Johannes, Ray, Courtenay A., Reich, Peter B., Reichstein, Markus, Reid, Douglas E.B., Réjou-Méchain, Maxime, de Dios, Victor Resco, Ribeiro, Sabina, Richardson, Sarah, Riibak, Kersti, Rillig, Matthias C., Riviera, Fiamma, Robert, Elisabeth M.R., Roberts, Scott, Robroek, Bjorn, Roddy, Adam, Rodrigues, Arthur Vinicius, Rogers, Alistair, Rollinson, Emily, Rolo, Victor, Römermann, Christine, Ronzhina, Dina, Roscher, Christiane, Rosell, Julieta A., Rosenfield, Milena Fermina, Rossi, Christian, Roy, David B., Royer-Tardif, Samuel, Rüger, Nadja, Ruiz-Peinado, Ricardo, Rumpf, Sabine B., Rusch, Graciela M., Ryo, Masahiro, Sack, Lawren, Saldaña, Angela, Salgado-Negret, Beatriz, Salguero-Gomez, Roberto, Santa-Regina, Ignacio, Santacruz-García, Ana Carolina, Santos, Joaquim, Sardans, Jordi, Schamp, Brandon, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Schleuning, Matthias, Schmid, Bernhard, Schmidt, Marco, Schmitt, Sylvain, Schneider, Julio V., Schowanek, Simon D., Schrader, Julian, Schrodt, Franziska, Schuldt, Bernhard, Schurr, Frank, Selaya Garvizu, Galia, Semchenko, Marina, Seymour, Colleen, Sfair, Julia C., Sharpe, Joanne M., Sheppard, Christine S., Sheremetiev, Serge, Shiodera, Satomi, Shipley, Bill, Shovon, Tanvir Ahmed, Siebenkäs, Alrun, Sierra, Carlos, Silva, Vasco, Silva, Mateus, Sitzia, Tommaso, Sjöman, Henrik, Slot, Martijn, Smith, Nicholas G., Sodhi, Darwin, Soltis, Pamela, Soltis, Douglas, Somers, Ben, Sonnier, Grégory, Sørensen, Mia Vedel, Sosinski Jr, Enio Egon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Souza, Alexandre F., Spasojevic, Marko, Sperandii, Marta Gaia, Stan, Amanda B., Stegen, James, Steinbauer, Klaus, Stephan, Jörg G., Sterck, Frank, Stojanovic, Dejan B., Strydom, Tanya, Suarez, Maria Laura, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Svitková, Ivana, Svitok, Marek, Svoboda, Miroslav, Swaine, Emily, Swenson, Nathan, Tabarelli, Marcelo, Takagi, Kentaro, Tappeiner, Ulrike, Tarifa, Rubén, Tauugourdeau, Simon, Tavsanoglu, Cagatay, te Beest, Mariska, Tedersoo, Leho, Thiffault, Nelson, Thom, Dominik, Thomas, Evert, Thompson, Ken, Thornton, Peter E., Thuiller, Wilfried, Tichý, Lubomír, Tissue, David, Tjoelker, Mark G., Tng, David Yue Phin, Tobias, Joseph, Török, Péter, Tarin, Tonantzin, Torres-Ruiz, José M., Tóthmérész, Béla, Treurnicht, Martina, Trivellone, Valeria, Trolliet, Franck, Trotsiuk, Volodymyr, Tsakalos, James L., Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Tysklind, Niklas, Umehara, Toru, Usoltsev, Vladimir, Vadeboncoeur, Matthew, Vaezi, Jamil, Valladares, Fernando, Vamosi, Jana, van Bodegom, Peter M., van Breugel, Michiel, Van Cleemput, Elisa, van de Weg, Martine, van der Merwe, Stephni, van der Plas, Fons, van der Sande, Masha T., van Kleunen, Mark, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Vanderwel, Mark, Vanselow, Kim André, Vårhammar, Angelica, Varone, Laura, Vasquez Valderrama, Maribel Yesenia, Vassilev, Kiril, Vellend, Mark, Veneklaas, Erik J., Verbeeck, Hans, Verheyen, Kris, Vibrans, Alexander, Vieira, Ima, Villacís, Jaime, Violle, Cyrille, Vivek, Pandi, Wagner, Katrin, Waldram, Matthew, Waldron, Anthony, Walker, Anthony P., Waller, Martyn, Walther, Gabriel, Wang, Han, Wang, Feng, Wang, Weiqi, Watkins, Harry, Watkins, James, Weber, Ulrich, Weedon, James T., Wei, Liping, Weigelt, Patrick, Weiher, Evan, Wells, Aidan W., Wellstein, Camilla, Wenk, Elizabeth, Westoby, Mark, Westwood, Alana, White, Philip John, Whitten, Mark, Williams, Mathew, Winkler, Daniel E., Winter, Klaus, Womack, Chevonne, Wright, Ian J., Wright, S. Joseph, Wright, Justin, Pinho, Bruno X., Ximenes, Fabiano, Yamada, Toshihiro, Yamaji, Keiko, Yanai, Ruth, Yankov, Nikolay, Yguel, Benjamin, Zanini, Kátia Janaina, Zanne, Amy E., Zelený, David, Zhao, Yun-Peng, Zheng, Jingming, Zheng, Ji, Ziemińska, Kasia, Zirbel, Chad R., Zizka, Georg, Zo-Bi, Irié Casimir, Zotz, Gerhard, Wirth, Christian, Kattge, Jens, Bönisch, Gerhard, Díaz, Sandra, Lavorel, Sandra, Prentice, Iain Colin, Leadley, Paul, Tautenhahn, Susanne, Werner, Gijsbert D.A., Aakala, Tuomas, Abedi, Mehdi, Acosta, Alicia T.R., Adamidis, George C., Adamson, Kairi, Aiba, Masahiro, Albert, Cécile H., Alcántara, Julio M., Alcázar C, Carolina, Aleixo, Izabela, Ali, Hamada, Amiaud, Bernard, Ammer, Christian, Amoroso, Mariano M., Anand, Madhur, Anderson, Carolyn, Anten, Niels, Antos, Joseph, Apgaua, Deborah Mattos Guimarães, Ashman, Tia-Lynn, Asmara, Degi Harja, Asner, Gregory P., Aspinwall, Michael, Atkin, Owen, Aubin, Isabelle, Baastrup-Spohr, Lars, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Bahn, Michael, Baker, Timothy, Baker, William J., Bakker, Jan P., Baldocchi, Dennis, Baltzer, Jennifer, Banerjee, Arindam, Baranger, Anne, Barlow, Jos, Barneche, Diego R., Baruch, Zdravko, Bastianelli, Denis, Battles, John, Bauerle, William, Bauters, Marijn, Bazzato, Erika, Beckmann, Michael, Beeckman, Hans, Beierkuhnlein, Carl, Bekker, Renee, Belfry, Gavin, Belluau, Michael, Beloiu, Mirela, Benavides, Raquel, Benomar, Lahcen, Berdugo-Lattke, Mary Lee, Berenguer, Erika, Bergamin, Rodrigo, Bergmann, Joana, Bergmann Carlucci, Marcos, Berner, Logan, Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus, Bigler, Christof, Bjorkman, Anne D., Blackman, Chris, Blanco, Carolina, Blonder, Benjamin, Blumenthal, Dana, Bocanegra-González, Kelly T., Boeckx, Pascal, Bohlman, Stephanie, Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Boisvert-Marsh, Laura, Bond, William, Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Boom, Arnoud, Boonman, Coline C.F., Bordin, Kauane, Boughton, Elizabeth H., Boukili, Vanessa, Bowman, David M.J.S., Bravo, Sandra, Brendel, Marco Richard, Broadley, Martin R., Brown, Kerry A., Bruelheide, Helge, Brumnich, Federico, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Bruy, David, Buchanan, Serra W., Bucher, Solveig Franziska, Buchmann, Nina, Buitenwerf, Robert, Bunker, Daniel E., Bürger, Jana, Burrascano, Sabina, Burslem, David F.R.P., Butterfield, Bradley J., Byun, Chaeho, Marques, Marcia, Scalon, Marina C., Caccianiga, Marco, Cadotte, Marc, Cailleret, Maxime, Camac, James, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Campany, Courtney, Campetella, Giandiego, Campos, Juan Antonio, Cano-Arboleda, Laura, Canullo, Roberto, Carbognani, Michele, Carvalho, Fabio, Casanoves, Fernando, Castagneyrol, Bastien, Catford, Jane A., Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Cervellini, Marco, Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Chapin, Kenneth, Chapin, F. Stuart, Chelli, Stefano, Chen, Si-Chong, Chen, Anping, Cherubini, Paolo, Chianucci, Francesco, Choat, Brendan, Chung, Kyong-Sook, Chytrý, Milan, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Coll, Lluís, Collins, Courtney G., Conti, Luisa, Coomes, David, Cornelissen, Johannes H.C., Cornwell, William K., Corona, Piermaria, Coyea, Marie, Craine, Joseph, Craven, Dylan, Cromsigt, Joris P.G.M., Csecserits, Anikó, Cufar, Katarina, Cuntz, Matthias, da Silva, Ana Carolina, Dahlin, Kyla M., Dainese, Matteo, Dalke, Igor, Dalle Fratte, Michele, Dang-Le, Anh Tuan, Danihelka, Jirí, Dannoura, Masako, Dawson, Samantha, de Beer, Arend Jacobus, De Frutos, Angel, De Long, Jonathan R., Dechant, Benjamin, Delagrange, Sylvain, Delpierre, Nicolas, Derroire, Géraldine, Dias, Arildo S., Diaz-Toribio, Milton Hugo, Dimitrakopoulos, Panayiotis G., Dobrowolski, Mark, Doktor, Daniel, Dřevojan, Pavel, Dong, Ning, Dransfield, John, Dressler, Stefan, Duarte, Leandro, Ducouret, Emilie, Dullinger, Stefan, Durka, Walter, Duursma, Remko, Dymova, Olga, E-Vojtkó, Anna, Eckstein, Rolf Lutz, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Elser, James, Emilio, Thaise, Engemann, Kristine, Erfanian, Mohammad Bagher, Erfmeier, Alexandra, Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane, Esser, Gerd, Estiarte, Marc, Domingues, Tomas F., Fagan, William F., Fagúndez, Jaime, Falster, Daniel S., Fan, Ying, Fang, Jingyun, Farris, Emmanuele, Fazlioglu, Fatih, Feng, Yanhao, Fernandez-Mendez, Fernando, Ferrara, Carlotta, Ferreira, Joice, Fidelis, Alessandra, Finegan, Bryan, Firn, Jennifer, Flowers, Timothy J., Flynn, Dan F.B., Fontana, Veronika, Forey, Estelle, Forgiarini, Cristiane, François, Louis, Frangipani, Marcelo, Frank, Dorothea, Frenette-Dussault, Cedric, Freschet, Grégoire T., Fry, Ellen L., Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Mazzochini, Guilherme G., Gachet, Sophie, Gallagher, Rachael, Ganade, Gislene, Ganga, Francesca, García-Palacios, Pablo, Gargaglione, Verónica, Garnier, Eric, Garrido, Jose Luis, de Gasper, André Luís, Gea-Izquierdo, Guillermo, Gibson, David, Gillison, Andrew N., Giroldo, Aelton, Glasenhardt, Mary-Claire, Gleason, Sean, Gliesch, Mariana, Goldberg, Emma, Göldel, Bastian, Gonzalez-Akre, Erika, Gonzalez-Andujar, Jose L., González-Melo, Andrés, González-Robles, Ana, Graae, Bente Jessen, Granda, Elena, Graves, Sarah, Green, Walton A., Gregor, Thomas, Gross, Nicolas, Guerin, Greg R., Günther, Angela, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Haddock, Lillie, Haines, Anna, Hall, Jefferson, Hambuckers, Alain, Han, Wenxuan, Harrison, Sandy P., Hattingh, Wesley, Hawes, Joseph E., He, Tianhua, He, Pengcheng, Heberling, Jacob Mason, Helm, Aveliina, Hempel, Stefan, Hentschel, Jörn, Hérault, Bruno, Hereş, Ana-Maria, Herz, Katharina, Heuertz, Myriam, Hickler, Thomas, Hietz, Peter, Higuchi, Pedro, Hipp, Andrew L., Hirons, Andrew, Hock, Maria, Hogan, James Aaron, Holl, Karen, Honnay, Olivier, Hornstein, Daniel, Hou, Enqing, Hough-Snee, Nate, Hovstad, Knut Anders, Ichie, Tomoaki, Igić, Boris, Illa, Estela, Isaac, Marney, Ishihara, Masae, Ivanov, Leonid, Ivanova, Larissa, Iversen, Colleen M., Izquierdo, Jordi, Jackson, Robert B., Jackson, Benjamin, Jactel, Hervé, Jagodzinski, Andrzej M., Jandt, Ute, Jansen, Steven, Jenkins, Thomas, Jentsch, Anke, Jespersen, Jens Rasmus Plantener, Jiang, Guo-Feng, Johansen, Jesper Liengaard, Johnson, David, Jokela, Eric J., Joly, Carlos Alfredo, Jordan, Gregory J., Joseph, Grant Stuart, Junaedi, Decky, Junker, Robert R., Justes, Eric, Kabzems, Richard, Kane, Jeffrey, Kaplan, Zdenek, Kattenborn, Teja, Kavelenova, Lyudmila, Kearsley, Elizabeth, Kempel, Anne, Kenzo, Tanaka, Kerkhoff, Andrew, Khalil, Mohammed I., Kinlock, Nicole L., Kissling, Wilm Daniel, Kitajima, Kaoru, Kitzberger, Thomas, Kjøller, Rasmus, Klein, Tamir, Kleyer, Michael, Klimešová, Jitka, Klipel, Joice, Kloeppel, Brian, Klotz, Stefan, Knops, Johannes M.H., Kohyama, Takashi, Koike, Fumito, Kollmann, Johannes, Komac, Benjamin, Komatsu, Kimberly, König, Christian, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Kramer, Koen, Kreft, Holger, Kühn, Ingolf, Kumarathunge, Dushan, Kuppler, Jonas, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Kurosawa, Yoko, Kuyah, Shem, Laclau, Jean-Paul, Lafleur, Benoit, Lallai, Erik, Lamb, Eric, Lamprecht, Andrea, Larkin, Daniel J., Laughlin, Daniel, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, le Maire, Guerric, le Roux, Peter C., le Roux, Elizabeth, Lee, Tali, Lens, Frederic, Lewis, Simon L., Lhotsky, Barbara, Li, Yuanzhi, Li, Xine, Lichstein, Jeremy W., Liebergesell, Mario, Lim, Jun Ying, Lin, Yan-Shih, Linares, Juan Carlos, Liu, Chunjiang, Liu, Daijun, Liu, Udayangani, Livingstone, Stuart, Llusià, Joan, Lohbeck, Madelon, López-García, Álvaro, Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Lososová, Zdeňka, Louault, Frédérique, Lukács, Balázs A., Lukeš, Petr, Luo, Yunjian, Lussu, Michele, Ma, Siyan, Maciel Rabelo Pereira, Camilla, Mack, Michelle, Maire, Vincent, Mäkelä, Annikki, Mäkinen, Harri, Malhado, Ana Claudia Mendes, Mallik, Azim, Manning, Peter, Manzoni, Stefano, Marchetti, Zuleica, Marchino, Luca, Marcilio-Silva, Vinicius, Marcon, Eric, Marignani, Michela, Markesteijn, Lars, Martin, Adam, Martínez-Garza, Cristina, Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi, Mašková, Tereza, Mason, Kelly, Mason, Norman, Massad, Tara Joy, Masse, Jacynthe, Mayrose, Itay, McCarthy, James, McCormack, M. Luke, McCulloh, Katherine, McFadden, Ian R., McGill, Brian J., McPartland, Mara Y., Medeiros, Juliana S., Medlyn, Belinda, Meerts, Pierre, Mehrabi, Zia, Meir, Patrick, Melo, Felipe P.L., Mencuccini, Maurizio, Meredieu, Céline, Messier, Julie, Mészáros, Ilona, Metsaranta, Juha, Michaletz, Sean T., Michelaki, Chrysanthi, Migalina, Svetlana, Milla, Ruben, Miller, Jesse E.D., Minden, Vanessa, Ming, Ray, Mokany, Karel, Moles, Angela T., Molnár V, Attila, Molofsky, Jane, Molz, Martin, Montgomery, Rebecca A., Monty, Arnaud, Moravcová, Lenka, Moreno-Martínez, Alvaro, Moretti, Marco, Mori, Akira S., Mori, Shigeta, Morris, Dave, Morrison, Jane, Mucina, Ladislav, Mueller, Sandra, Muir, Christopher D., Müller, Sandra Cristina, Munoz, François, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Myster, Randall W., Nagano, Masahiro, Naidu, Shawna, Narayanan, Ayyappan, Natesan, Balachandran, Negoita, Luka, Nelson, Andrew S., Neuschulz, Eike Lena, Ni, Jian, Niedrist, Georg, Nieto, Jhon, Niinemets, Ülo, Nolan, Rachael, Nottebrock, Henning, Nouvellon, Yann, Novakovskiy, Alexander, Network, The Nutrient, Nystuen, Kristin Odden, O'Grady, Anthony, O'Hara, Kevin, O'Reilly-Nugent, Andrew, Oakley, Simon, Oberhuber, Walter, Ohtsuka, Toshiyuki, Oliveira, Ricardo, Öllerer, Kinga, Olson, Mark E., Onipchenko, Vladimir, Onoda, Yusuke, Onstein, Renske E., Ordonez, Jenny C., Osada, Noriyuki, Ostonen, Ivika, Ottaviani, Gianluigi, Otto, Sarah, Overbeck, Gerhard E., Ozinga, Wim A., Pahl, Anna T., Paine, C.E. Timothy, Pakeman, Robin J., Papageorgiou, Aristotelis C., Parfionova, Evgeniya, Pärtel, Meelis, Patacca, Marco, Paula, Susana, Paule, Juraj, Pauli, Harald, Pausas, Juli G., Peco, Begoña, Penuelas, Josep, Perea, Antonio, Peri, Pablo Luis, Petisco-Souza, Ana Carolina, Petraglia, Alessandro, Petritan, Any Mary, Phillips, Oliver L., Pierce, Simon, Pillar, Valério D., Pisek, Jan, Pomogaybin, Alexandr, Poorter, Hendrik, Portsmuth, Angelika, Poschlod, Peter, Potvin, Catherine, Pounds, Devon, Powell, A. Shafer, Power, Sally A., Prinzing, Andreas, Puglielli, Giacomo, Pyšek, Petr, Raevel, Valerie, Rammig, Anja, Ransijn, Johannes, Ray, Courtenay A., Reich, Peter B., Reichstein, Markus, Reid, Douglas E.B., Réjou-Méchain, Maxime, de Dios, Victor Resco, Ribeiro, Sabina, Richardson, Sarah, Riibak, Kersti, Rillig, Matthias C., Riviera, Fiamma, Robert, Elisabeth M.R., Roberts, Scott, Robroek, Bjorn, Roddy, Adam, Rodrigues, Arthur Vinicius, Rogers, Alistair, Rollinson, Emily, Rolo, Victor, Römermann, Christine, Ronzhina, Dina, Roscher, Christiane, Rosell, Julieta A., Rosenfield, Milena Fermina, Rossi, Christian, Roy, David B., Royer-Tardif, Samuel, Rüger, Nadja, Ruiz-Peinado, Ricardo, Rumpf, Sabine B., Rusch, Graciela M., Ryo, Masahiro, Sack, Lawren, Saldaña, Angela, Salgado-Negret, Beatriz, Salguero-Gomez, Roberto, Santa-Regina, Ignacio, Santacruz-García, Ana Carolina, Santos, Joaquim, Sardans, Jordi, Schamp, Brandon, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Schleuning, Matthias, Schmid, Bernhard, Schmidt, Marco, Schmitt, Sylvain, Schneider, Julio V., Schowanek, Simon D., Schrader, Julian, Schrodt, Franziska, Schuldt, Bernhard, Schurr, Frank, Selaya Garvizu, Galia, Semchenko, Marina, Seymour, Colleen, Sfair, Julia C., Sharpe, Joanne M., Sheppard, Christine S., Sheremetiev, Serge, Shiodera, Satomi, Shipley, Bill, Shovon, Tanvir Ahmed, Siebenkäs, Alrun, Sierra, Carlos, Silva, Vasco, Silva, Mateus, Sitzia, Tommaso, Sjöman, Henrik, Slot, Martijn, Smith, Nicholas G., Sodhi, Darwin, Soltis, Pamela, Soltis, Douglas, Somers, Ben, Sonnier, Grégory, Sørensen, Mia Vedel, Sosinski Jr, Enio Egon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Souza, Alexandre F., Spasojevic, Marko, Sperandii, Marta Gaia, Stan, Amanda B., Stegen, James, Steinbauer, Klaus, Stephan, Jörg G., Sterck, Frank, Stojanovic, Dejan B., Strydom, Tanya, Suarez, Maria Laura, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Svitková, Ivana, Svitok, Marek, Svoboda, Miroslav, Swaine, Emily, Swenson, Nathan, Tabarelli, Marcelo, Takagi, Kentaro, Tappeiner, Ulrike, Tarifa, Rubén, Tauugourdeau, Simon, Tavsanoglu, Cagatay, te Beest, Mariska, Tedersoo, Leho, Thiffault, Nelson, Thom, Dominik, Thomas, Evert, Thompson, Ken, Thornton, Peter E., Thuiller, Wilfried, Tichý, Lubomír, Tissue, David, Tjoelker, Mark G., Tng, David Yue Phin, Tobias, Joseph, Török, Péter, Tarin, Tonantzin, Torres-Ruiz, José M., Tóthmérész, Béla, Treurnicht, Martina, Trivellone, Valeria, Trolliet, Franck, Trotsiuk, Volodymyr, Tsakalos, James L., Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Tysklind, Niklas, Umehara, Toru, Usoltsev, Vladimir, Vadeboncoeur, Matthew, Vaezi, Jamil, Valladares, Fernando, Vamosi, Jana, van Bodegom, Peter M., van Breugel, Michiel, Van Cleemput, Elisa, van de Weg, Martine, van der Merwe, Stephni, van der Plas, Fons, van der Sande, Masha T., van Kleunen, Mark, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Vanderwel, Mark, Vanselow, Kim André, Vårhammar, Angelica, Varone, Laura, Vasquez Valderrama, Maribel Yesenia, Vassilev, Kiril, Vellend, Mark, Veneklaas, Erik J., Verbeeck, Hans, Verheyen, Kris, Vibrans, Alexander, Vieira, Ima, Villacís, Jaime, Violle, Cyrille, Vivek, Pandi, Wagner, Katrin, Waldram, Matthew, Waldron, Anthony, Walker, Anthony P., Waller, Martyn, Walther, Gabriel, Wang, Han, Wang, Feng, Wang, Weiqi, Watkins, Harry, Watkins, James, Weber, Ulrich, Weedon, James T., Wei, Liping, Weigelt, Patrick, Weiher, Evan, Wells, Aidan W., Wellstein, Camilla, Wenk, Elizabeth, Westoby, Mark, Westwood, Alana, White, Philip John, Whitten, Mark, Williams, Mathew, Winkler, Daniel E., Winter, Klaus, Womack, Chevonne, Wright, Ian J., Wright, S. Joseph, Wright, Justin, Pinho, Bruno X., Ximenes, Fabiano, Yamada, Toshihiro, Yamaji, Keiko, Yanai, Ruth, Yankov, Nikolay, Yguel, Benjamin, Zanini, Kátia Janaina, Zanne, Amy E., Zelený, David, Zhao, Yun-Peng, Zheng, Jingming, Zheng, Ji, Ziemińska, Kasia, Zirbel, Chad R., Zizka, Georg, Zo-Bi, Irié Casimir, Zotz, Gerhard, and Wirth, Christian

Abstract

Plant traits — the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants — determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits—almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.

Published
2020

19. The functional trait spectrum of European temperate grasslands

Author

Ladouceur, Emma, Bonomi, Costantino, Bruelheide, Helge, Klimešová, Jitka, Burrascano, Sabina, Poschlod, Peter, Tudela-Isanta, Maria, Iannetta, Pietro, Mondoni, Andrea, Amiaud, Bernard, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Cornelissen, Johannes Hans C., Craine, Joseph, Louault, Frédérique, Minden, Vanessa, Öllerer, Kinga, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja, Ladouceur, Emma, Bonomi, Costantino, Bruelheide, Helge, Klimešová, Jitka, Burrascano, Sabina, Poschlod, Peter, Tudela-Isanta, Maria, Iannetta, Pietro, Mondoni, Andrea, Amiaud, Bernard, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Cornelissen, Johannes Hans C., Craine, Joseph, Louault, Frédérique, Minden, Vanessa, Öllerer, Kinga, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., and Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja

Abstract

Questions: What is the functional trait variation of European temperate grasslands and how does this reflect global patterns of plant form and function? Do habitat specialists show trait differentiation across habitat types?. Location: Europe. Methods: We compiled 18 regeneration and non-regeneration traits for a continental species pool consisting of 645 species frequent in five grassland types. These grassland types are widely distributed in Europe but differentiated by altitude, soil bedrock and traditional long-term management and disturbance regimes. We evaluated the multivariate trait space of this entire species pool and compared multi-trait variation and mean trait values of habitat specialists grouped by grassland type. Results: The first dimension of the trait space accounted for 23% of variation and reflected a gradient between fast-growing and slow-growing plants. Plant height and SLA contributed to both the first and second ordination axes. Regeneration traits mainly contributed to the second and following dimensions to explain 56% of variation across the first five axes. Habitat specialists showed functional differences between grassland types mainly through non-regeneration traits. Conclusions: The trait spectrum of plants dominating European temperate grasslands is primarily explained by growth strategies which are analogous to the trait variation observed at the global scale, and secondly by regeneration strategies. Functional differentiation of habitat specialists across grassland types is mainly related to environmental filtering linked with altitude and disturbance. This filtering pattern is mainly observed in non-regeneration traits, while most regeneration traits demonstrate multiple strategies within the same habitat type.

Published
2019
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21. Multiple facets of biodiversity drive the diversity–stability relationship

Author

Craven, Dylan, Eisenhauer, Nico, Pearse, William D., Hautier, Yann, Isbell, Forest, Roscher, Christiane, Bahn, Michael, Beierkuhnlein, Carl, Bönisch, Gerhard, Buchmann, Nina, Byun, Chaeho, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Craine, Joseph M., De Luca, Enrica, Ebeling, Anne, Griffin, John N., Hector, Andy, Hines, Jes, Jentsch, Anke, Kattge, Jens, Kreyling, Jürgen, Lanta, Vojtech, Lemoine, Nathan, Meyer, Sebastian T., Minden, Vanessa, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Polley, H. Wayne, Reich, Peter B., van Ruijven, Jasper, Schamp, Brandon, Smith, Melinda D., Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Tilman, David, Weigelt, Alexandra, Wilsey, Brian, Manning, Peter, Craven, Dylan, Eisenhauer, Nico, Pearse, William D., Hautier, Yann, Isbell, Forest, Roscher, Christiane, Bahn, Michael, Beierkuhnlein, Carl, Bönisch, Gerhard, Buchmann, Nina, Byun, Chaeho, Catford, Jane A., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Craine, Joseph M., De Luca, Enrica, Ebeling, Anne, Griffin, John N., Hector, Andy, Hines, Jes, Jentsch, Anke, Kattge, Jens, Kreyling, Jürgen, Lanta, Vojtech, Lemoine, Nathan, Meyer, Sebastian T., Minden, Vanessa, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Polley, H. Wayne, Reich, Peter B., van Ruijven, Jasper, Schamp, Brandon, Smith, Melinda D., Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Tilman, David, Weigelt, Alexandra, Wilsey, Brian, and Manning, Peter

Abstract

A substantial body of evidence has demonstrated that biodiversity stabilizes ecosystem functioning over time in grassland ecosystems. However, the relative importance of different facets of biodiversity underlying the diversity–stability relationship remains unclear. Here we use data from 39 grassland biodiversity experiments and structural equation modelling to investigate the roles of species richness, phylogenetic diversity and both the diversity and community-weighted mean of functional traits representing the ‘fast–slow’ leaf economics spectrum in driving the diversity–stability relationship. We found that high species richness and phylogenetic diversity stabilize biomass production via enhanced asynchrony in the performance of co-occurring species. Contrary to expectations, low phylogenetic diversity enhances ecosystem stability directly, albeit weakly. While the diversity of fast–slow functional traits has a weak effect on ecosystem stability, communities dominated by slow species enhance ecosystem stability by increasing mean biomass production relative to the standard deviation of biomass over time. Our in-depth, integrative assessment of factors influencing the diversity–stability relationship demonstrates a more multicausal relationship than has been previously acknowledged.

Published
2018
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22. Plant functional trait change across a warming tundra biome

Author

Bjorkman, Anne D., Myers-Smith, Isla H., Elmendorf, Sarah C., Normand, Signe, Rüger, Nadja, Beck, Pieter S.A., Blach-Overgaard, Anne, Blok, Daan, Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Forbes, Bruce C., Georges, Damien, Goetz, Scott J., Guay, Kevin C., Henry, Gregory H.R., HilleRisLambers, Janneke, Hollister, Robert D., Karger, Dirk N., Kattge, Jens, Manning, Peter, Prevéy, Janet S., Rixen, Christian, Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela, Thomas, Haydn J.D., Vellend, Mark, Wilmking, Martin, Wipf, Sonja, Carbognani, Michele, Hermanutz, Luise, Lévesque, Esther, Molau, Ulf, Petraglia, Alessandro, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Spasojevic, Marko J., Tomaselli, Marcello, Vowles, Tage, Alatalo, Juha M., Alexander, Heather D., Anadon-Rosell, Alba, Angers-Blondin, Sandra, Beest, Mariska te, Berner, Logan, Björk, Robert G., Buchwal, Agata, Buras, Allan, Christie, Katherine, Cooper, Elisabeth J., Dullinger, Stefan, Elberling, Bo, Eskelinen, Anu, Frei, Esther R., Grau, Oriol, Grogan, Paul, Hallinger, Martin, Harper, Karen A., Heijmans, Monique M.P.D., Hudson, James, Hülber, Karl, Iturrate-Garcia, Maitane, Iversen, Colleen M., Jaroszynska, Francesca, Johnstone, Jill F., Jørgensen, Rasmus Halfdan, Kaarlejärvi, Elina, Klady, Rebecca, Kuleza, Sara, Kulonen, Aino, Lamarque, Laurent J., Lantz, Trevor, Little, Chelsea J., Speed, James D.M., Michelsen, Anders, Milbau, Ann, Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob, Nielsen, Sigrid Schøler, Ninot, Josep M., Oberbauer, Steven F., Olofsson, Johan, Onipchenko, Vladimir G., Rumpf, Sabine B., Semenchuk, Philipp, Shetti, Rohan, Collier, Laura Siegwart, Street, Lorna E., Suding, Katharine N., Tape, Ken D., Trant, Andrew, Treier, Urs A., Tremblay, Jean Pierre, Tremblay, Maxime, Venn, Susanna, Weijers, Stef, Zamin, Tara, Boulanger-Lapointe, Noémie, Gould, William A., Hik, David S., Hofgaard, Annika, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., Jorgenson, Janet, Klein, Julia, Magnusson, Borgthor, Tweedie, Craig, Wookey, Philip A., Bahn, Michael, Blonder, Benjamin, van Bodegom, Peter M., Bond-Lamberty, Benjamin, Campetella, Giandiego, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chapin, F. Stuart, Cornwell, William K., Craine, Joseph, Dainese, Matteo, de Vries, Franciska T., Díaz, Sandra, Enquist, Brian J., Green, Walton, Milla, Ruben, Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Ordoñez, Jenny C., Ozinga, Wim A., Penuelas, Josep, Poorter, Hendrik, Poschlod, Peter, Reich, Peter B., Sandel, Brody, Schamp, Brandon, Sheremetev, Serge, Weiher, Evan, Bjorkman, Anne D., Myers-Smith, Isla H., Elmendorf, Sarah C., Normand, Signe, Rüger, Nadja, Beck, Pieter S.A., Blach-Overgaard, Anne, Blok, Daan, Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Forbes, Bruce C., Georges, Damien, Goetz, Scott J., Guay, Kevin C., Henry, Gregory H.R., HilleRisLambers, Janneke, Hollister, Robert D., Karger, Dirk N., Kattge, Jens, Manning, Peter, Prevéy, Janet S., Rixen, Christian, Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela, Thomas, Haydn J.D., Vellend, Mark, Wilmking, Martin, Wipf, Sonja, Carbognani, Michele, Hermanutz, Luise, Lévesque, Esther, Molau, Ulf, Petraglia, Alessandro, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Spasojevic, Marko J., Tomaselli, Marcello, Vowles, Tage, Alatalo, Juha M., Alexander, Heather D., Anadon-Rosell, Alba, Angers-Blondin, Sandra, Beest, Mariska te, Berner, Logan, Björk, Robert G., Buchwal, Agata, Buras, Allan, Christie, Katherine, Cooper, Elisabeth J., Dullinger, Stefan, Elberling, Bo, Eskelinen, Anu, Frei, Esther R., Grau, Oriol, Grogan, Paul, Hallinger, Martin, Harper, Karen A., Heijmans, Monique M.P.D., Hudson, James, Hülber, Karl, Iturrate-Garcia, Maitane, Iversen, Colleen M., Jaroszynska, Francesca, Johnstone, Jill F., Jørgensen, Rasmus Halfdan, Kaarlejärvi, Elina, Klady, Rebecca, Kuleza, Sara, Kulonen, Aino, Lamarque, Laurent J., Lantz, Trevor, Little, Chelsea J., Speed, James D.M., Michelsen, Anders, Milbau, Ann, Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob, Nielsen, Sigrid Schøler, Ninot, Josep M., Oberbauer, Steven F., Olofsson, Johan, Onipchenko, Vladimir G., Rumpf, Sabine B., Semenchuk, Philipp, Shetti, Rohan, Collier, Laura Siegwart, Street, Lorna E., Suding, Katharine N., Tape, Ken D., Trant, Andrew, Treier, Urs A., Tremblay, Jean Pierre, Tremblay, Maxime, Venn, Susanna, Weijers, Stef, Zamin, Tara, Boulanger-Lapointe, Noémie, Gould, William A., Hik, David S., Hofgaard, Annika, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., Jorgenson, Janet, Klein, Julia, Magnusson, Borgthor, Tweedie, Craig, Wookey, Philip A., Bahn, Michael, Blonder, Benjamin, van Bodegom, Peter M., Bond-Lamberty, Benjamin, Campetella, Giandiego, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chapin, F. Stuart, Cornwell, William K., Craine, Joseph, Dainese, Matteo, de Vries, Franciska T., Díaz, Sandra, Enquist, Brian J., Green, Walton, Milla, Ruben, Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Ordoñez, Jenny C., Ozinga, Wim A., Penuelas, Josep, Poorter, Hendrik, Poschlod, Peter, Reich, Peter B., Sandel, Brody, Schamp, Brandon, Sheremetev, Serge, and Weiher, Evan

Abstract

The tundra is warming more rapidly than any other biome on Earth, and the potential ramifications are far-reaching because of global feedback effects between vegetation and climate. A better understanding of how environmental factors shape plant structure and function is crucial for predicting the consequences of environmental change for ecosystem functioning. Here we explore the biome-wide relationships between temperature, moisture and seven key plant functional traits both across space and over three decades of warming at 117 tundra locations. Spatial temperature–trait relationships were generally strong but soil moisture had a marked influence on the strength and direction of these relationships, highlighting the potentially important influence of changes in water availability on future trait shifts in tundra plant communities. Community height increased with warming across all sites over the past three decades, but other traits lagged far behind predicted rates of change. Our findings highlight the challenge of using space-for-time substitution to predict the functional consequences of future warming and suggest that functions that are tied closely to plant height will experience the most rapid change. They also reveal the strength with which environmental factors shape biotic communities at the coldest extremes of the planet and will help to improve projections of functional changes in tundra ecosystems with climate warming.

Published
2018
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23. SoilPlusVeg:an integrated air-plant-litter-soil model to predict organic chemical fate and recycling in forests

Author

Terzaghi, Elisa, Morselli, Melissa, Semplice, Matteo, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Jones, Kevin Christopher, Freppaz, Michele, Di Guardo, Antonio, Terzaghi, Elisa, Morselli, Melissa, Semplice, Matteo, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Jones, Kevin Christopher, Freppaz, Michele, and Di Guardo, Antonio

Abstract

Current modelling approaches often ignore the dynamics of organic chemicals uptake/release in forest compartments under changing environmental conditions and may fail in accurately predict exposure to chemicals for humans and ecosystems. In order to investigate the influence of such dynamics on predicted concentrations in forest compartments, as well as, on air-leaf-litter fluxes, the SoilPlusVeg model was developed including a forest compartment (root, stem, leaves) in an existing air-litter-soil model. The accuracy of the model was tested simulating leaf concentrations in broadleaf woods located in Northern Italy and resulted in satisfying model performance. Illustrative simulations highlighted the “dual behaviour” of both leaf and litter compartments. Leaves appeared to behave as “filters” of air contaminants but also as “dispensers”, being deposition flux exceeded by volatilization flux in some periods of the day. Similarly, litter seemed to behave as a dynamic compartment which could accumulate and then release contaminants recharging air and vegetation. In just 85 days, litter could lose due to volatilization, diffusion to depth and infiltration processes, from 6% to 90% of chemical amount accumulated over 1 year of exposure, depending on compound physical and chemical properties. SoilPlusVeg thus revealed to be a powerful tool to understand and estimate chemical fate and recycling in forested systems.

Published
2017

24. Mapping local and global variability in plant trait distributions

Author

Butler, Ethan E., Datta, Abhirup, Flores-Moreno, Habacuc, Chen, Ming, Wythers, Kirk R., Fazayeli, Farideh, Banerjee, Arindam, Atkin, Owen K., Kattge, Jens, Amiaud, Bernard, Blonder, Benjamin, Boenisch, Gerhard, Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Brown, Kerry A., Byun, Chaeho, Campetella, Giandiego, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Cornelissen, Johannes H.C., Craine, Joseph M., Craven, Dylan, De Vries, Franciska T., Díaz, Sandra, Domingues, Tomas F., Forey, Estelle, González-Melo, Andrés, Gross, Nicolas, Han, Wenxuan, Hattingh, Wesley N., Hickler, Thomas, Jansen, Steven, Kramer, Koen, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Kurokawa, Hiroko, Laughlin, Daniel C., Meir, Patrick, Minden, Vanessa, Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Peñuelas, Josep, Read, Quentin, Sack, Lawren, Schamp, Brandon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Spasojevic, Marko J., Sosinski, Enio, Thornton, Peter E., Valladares, Fernando, Van Bodegom, Peter M., Williams, Mathew, Wirth, Christian, Reich, Peter B., Schlesinger, William H., Butler, Ethan E., Datta, Abhirup, Flores-Moreno, Habacuc, Chen, Ming, Wythers, Kirk R., Fazayeli, Farideh, Banerjee, Arindam, Atkin, Owen K., Kattge, Jens, Amiaud, Bernard, Blonder, Benjamin, Boenisch, Gerhard, Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Brown, Kerry A., Byun, Chaeho, Campetella, Giandiego, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Cornelissen, Johannes H.C., Craine, Joseph M., Craven, Dylan, De Vries, Franciska T., Díaz, Sandra, Domingues, Tomas F., Forey, Estelle, González-Melo, Andrés, Gross, Nicolas, Han, Wenxuan, Hattingh, Wesley N., Hickler, Thomas, Jansen, Steven, Kramer, Koen, Kraft, Nathan J.B., Kurokawa, Hiroko, Laughlin, Daniel C., Meir, Patrick, Minden, Vanessa, Niinemets, Ülo, Onoda, Yusuke, Peñuelas, Josep, Read, Quentin, Sack, Lawren, Schamp, Brandon, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Spasojevic, Marko J., Sosinski, Enio, Thornton, Peter E., Valladares, Fernando, Van Bodegom, Peter M., Williams, Mathew, Wirth, Christian, Reich, Peter B., and Schlesinger, William H.

Abstract

Our ability to understand and predict the response of ecosystems to a changing environment depends on quantifying vegetation functional diversity. However, representing this diversity at the global scale is challenging. Typically, in Earth system models, characterization of plant diversity has been limited to grouping related species into plant functional types (PFTs), with all trait variation in a PFT collapsed into a single mean value that is applied globally. Using the largest global plant trait database and state of the art Bayesian modeling, we created fine-grained global maps of plant trait distributions that can be applied to Earth system models. Focusing on a set of plant traits closely coupled to photosynthesis and foliar respiration - specific leaf area (SLA) and dry mass-based concentrations of leaf nitrogen (Nm) and phosphorus (Pm), we characterize how traits vary within and among over 50,000 ∼50×50-km cells across the entire vegetated land surface. We do this in several ways - without defining the PFT of each grid cell and using 4 or 14 PFTs; each model's predictions are evaluated against out-of-sample data. This endeavor advances prior trait mapping by generating global maps that preserve variability across scales by using modern Bayesian spatial statistical modeling in combination with a database over three times larger than that in previous analyses. Our maps reveal that the most diverse grid cells possess trait variability close to the range of global PFT means.

Published
2017
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25. Integrating the Water Framework Directive into the Habitats Directive: analysis of distribution patterns of lacustrine EU habitats in lakes of Lombardy (northern Italy)

Author

Bolpagni, Rossano, primary, Azzella, Mattia M., additional, Agostinelli, Chiara, additional, Beghi, Andrea, additional, Bettoni, Eugenia, additional, Brusa, Guido, additional, De Molli, Cristina, additional, Formenti, Riccardo, additional, Galimberti, Filippo, additional, and Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., additional

Published
2017
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28. An evolutionary perspective on leaf economics: Phylogenetics of leaf mass per area in vascular plants

Author

Flores, Olivier, Garnier, Eric, Wright, Ian J., Reich, Peter B., Pierce, Simon, Diaz, Sandra, Pakeman, Robin J., Rusch, Graciela M., Bernard-Verdier, Maud, Testi, Baptiste, Bakker, Jan P., Bekker, Renée M., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Ceriani, Roberta M., Cornu, Guillaume, Cruz, Pablo, Delcamp, Matthieu, Dolezal, Jiri, Eriksson, Ove, Fayolle, Adeline, Freitas, Helena, Golodets, Carly, Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie, Hodgson, John, Brusa, Guido, Kleyer, Michael, Kunzmann, Dieter, Lavorel, Sandra, Papanastasis, Vasilios P., Pérez-Harguindeguy, Natalia, Vendramini, Fernanda, Weiher, Evan, Flores, Olivier, Garnier, Eric, Wright, Ian J., Reich, Peter B., Pierce, Simon, Diaz, Sandra, Pakeman, Robin J., Rusch, Graciela M., Bernard-Verdier, Maud, Testi, Baptiste, Bakker, Jan P., Bekker, Renée M., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Ceriani, Roberta M., Cornu, Guillaume, Cruz, Pablo, Delcamp, Matthieu, Dolezal, Jiri, Eriksson, Ove, Fayolle, Adeline, Freitas, Helena, Golodets, Carly, Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie, Hodgson, John, Brusa, Guido, Kleyer, Michael, Kunzmann, Dieter, Lavorel, Sandra, Papanastasis, Vasilios P., Pérez-Harguindeguy, Natalia, Vendramini, Fernanda, and Weiher, Evan

Abstract

In plant leaves, resource use follows a trade-off between rapid resource capture and conservative storage. This "worldwide leaf economics spectrum" consists of a suite of intercorrelated leaf traits, among which leaf mass per area, LMA, is one of the most fundamental as it indicates the cost of leaf construction and light-interception borne by plants. We conducted a broad-scale analysis of the evolutionary history of LMA across a large dataset of 5401 vascular plant spe- cies. The phylogenetic signal in LMA displayed low but significant conserva- tism, that is, leaf economics tended to be more similar among close relatives than expected by chance alone. Models of trait evolution indicated that LMA evolved under weak stabilizing selection. Moreover, results suggest that different optimal phenotypes evolved among large clades within which extremes tended to be selected against. Conservatism in LMA was strongly related to growth form, as were selection intensity and phenotypic evolutionary rates: woody plants showed higher conservatism in relation to stronger stabilizing selection and lower evolutionary rates compared to herbaceous taxa. The evolutionary history of LMA thus paints different evolutionary trajectories of vascular plant species across clades, revealing the coordination of leaf trait evolution with growth forms in response to varying selection regimes.

Published
2014

29. Comment on 'Productivity is a poor predictor of plant species richness'

Author

Fridley, Jason D., Grime, J. Philip, Huston, Michael A., Pierce, Simon, Smart, Simon M., Thompson, Ken, Borger, Luca, Brooker, Rob W., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Gross, Nicolas, Liancourt, Pierre, Michalet, Richard, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Fridley, Jason D., Grime, J. Philip, Huston, Michael A., Pierce, Simon, Smart, Simon M., Thompson, Ken, Borger, Luca, Brooker, Rob W., Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Gross, Nicolas, Liancourt, Pierre, Michalet, Richard, and Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann

Abstract

Adler et al. (Reports, 23 September 2011, p. 1750) reported “weak and variable” relationships between productivity and species richness and dispute the “humped-back” model (HBM) of plant diversity. We show that their analysis lacks sufficient high-productivity sites, ignores litter, and excludes anthropogenic sites. If corrected, the data set of Adler et al. would apparently yield strong HBM support.

Published
2012

31. Comment on “Productivity Is a Poor Predictor of Plant Species Richness”

Author

Fridley, Jason D., primary, Grime, J. Philip, additional, Huston, Michael A., additional, Pierce, Simon, additional, Smart, Simon M., additional, Thompson, Ken, additional, Börger, Luca, additional, Brooker, Rob W., additional, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., additional, Gross, Nicolas, additional, Liancourt, Pierre, additional, Michalet, Richard, additional, and Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, additional

Published
2012
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32. Plant functional and taxonomic diversity in European grasslands along climatic gradients

Author

Boonman, Coline C.F., Santini, Luca, Robroek, Bjorn J.M., Hoeks, Selwyn, Kelderman, Steven, Dengler, Jürgen, Bergamini, Ariel, Biurrun, Idoia, Carranza, Maria Laura, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Chytrý, Milan, Jandt, Ute, Lysenko, Tatiana, Stanisci, Angela, Tatarenko, Irina, Rūsiņa, Solvita, and Huijbregts, Mark A.J.

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, 333.7: Landflächen, Naturerholungsgebiete, Null model, Trait-environment relationship, Seasonality, Temperature gradient, 15. Life on land, Favourability hypothesis, Plant trait diversity, 580: Pflanzen (Botanik), Functional richness, Precipitation gradient, Grassland diversity, Taxonomic richness, Limiting similarity, Environmental filtering
Abstract

Aim European grassland communities are highly diverse, but patterns and drivers of their continental‐scale diversity remain elusive. This study analyses taxonomic and functional richness in European grasslands along continental‐scale temperature and precipitation gradients. Location Europe. Methods We quantified functional and taxonomic richness of 55,748 vegetation plots. Six plant traits, related to resource acquisition and conservation, were analysed to describe plant community functional composition. Using a null‐model approach we derived functional richness effect sizes that indicate higher or lower diversity than expected given the taxonomic richness. We assessed the variation in absolute functional and taxonomic richness and in functional richness effect sizes along gradients of minimum temperature, temperature range, annual precipitation, and precipitation seasonality using a multiple general additive modelling approach. Results Functional and taxonomic richness was high at intermediate minimum temperatures and wide temperature ranges. Functional and taxonomic richness was low in correspondence with low minimum temperatures or narrow temperature ranges. Functional richness increased and taxonomic richness decreased at higher minimum temperatures and wide annual temperature ranges. Both functional and taxonomic richness decreased with increasing precipitation seasonality and showed a small increase at intermediate annual precipitation. Overall, effect sizes of functional richness were small. However, effect sizes indicated trait divergence at extremely low minimum temperatures and at low annual precipitation with extreme precipitation seasonality. Conclusions Functional and taxonomic richness of European grassland communities vary considerably over temperature and precipitation gradients. Overall, they follow similar patterns over the climate gradients, except at high minimum temperatures and wide temperature ranges, where functional richness increases and taxonomic richness decreases. This contrasting pattern may trigger new ideas for studies that target specific hypotheses focused on community assembly processes. And though effect sizes were small, they indicate that it may be important to consider climate seasonality in plant diversity studies.

33. An overview of the Italian forest biodiversity and its conservation level, based on the first outcomes of the 4th Habitat Report ex-Art. 17

Author

Gigante, D., Selvaggi, A., Acosta Alicia, T., Adorni, M., Allegrezza, M., Angiolini, C., Armiraglio, S., Assini, S., Attorre, F., Bagella, S., Barcella, M., Giuseppe Bazan, Bertacchi, A., Bolpagni, R., Bonari, G., Buffa, G., Caccianiga Marco Stefano, Cacciatori, C., Carmela, C., Casavecchia, S., Casella, L., Cerabolini Bruno, E., Ciaschetti, G., Ciccarelli, D., Cogoni, A., Cutini, M., De Sanctis Michele, De Simone Walter, Del Vecchio Silvia, Di Cecco Valter, Di Martino Luciano, Di Musciano Michele, Fantinato, E., Filesi, L., Foggi, B., Forte, L., Frattaroli Anna Rita, Galdenzi, D., Gangale, C., lorenzo gianguzzi, Giusso Del Galdo Gianpietro, Grignetti, A., Riccardo Guarino, Lasen, C., Maneli, F., Marcenò, C., Mariotti Mauro Giorgio, Oriolo, G., Paura, B., Perrino, E., Pesaresi, S., Pezzi, G., Pisanu, S., Poponessi, S., Prisco, I., Puglisi, M., Rivieccio, G., Sciandrello, S., Spampinato, G., Stinca, A., Strumia, S., Taffetani, F., Tesei, G., Tomaselli, V., Venanzoni, R., Viciani, D., Villani, M., Wagensommer Robert Philipp, Zanatta, K., Angelini, P., Società Botanica Italiana, Gigante, Daniela, Selvaggi, Alberto, Acosta Alicia, T. R., Adorni, Michele, Allegrezza, Marina, Angiolini, Claudia, Armiraglio, Stefano, Assini, Silvia, Attorre, Fabio, Bagella, Simonetta, Barcella, Matteo, Bazan, Giuseppe, Bertacchi, Andrea, Bolpagni, Rossano, Bonari, Gianmaria, Buffa, Gabriella, Caccianiga Marco, Stefano, Cacciatori, Cecilia, Caria Maria, Carmela, Casavecchia, Simona, Casella, Laura, Cerabolini Bruno, E. L., Ciaschetti, Giampiero, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Cogoni, Annalena, Cutini, Maurizio, De Sanctis, Michele, De Simone, Walter, Del Vecchio, Silvia, Di Cecco, Valter, Di Martino, Luciano, Di Musciano, Michele, Fantinato, Edy, Filesi, Leonardo, Foggi, Bruno, Forte, Luigi, Frattaroli Anna, Rita, Galdenzi, Diana, Gangale, Carmen, Gianguzzi, Lorenzo, Giusso Del Galdo, Gianpietro, Grignetti, Alessandra, Guarino, Riccardo, Lasen, Cesare, Maneli, Fabio, Marcenò, Corrado, Mariotti Mauro, Giorgio, Oriolo, Giuseppe, Paura, Bruno, Perrino, Enrico, Pesaresi, Simone, Pezzi, Giovanna, Pisanu, Stefania, Poponessi, Silvia, Prisco, Irene, Puglisi, Marta, Rivieccio, Giovanni, Sciandrello, Saverio, Spampinato, Giovanni, Stinca, Adriano, Strumia, Sandro, Taffetani, Fabio, Tesei, Giulio, Tomaselli, Valeria, Venanzoni, Roberto, Viciani, Daniele, Villani, Mariacristina, Wagensommer Robert, Philipp, Zanatta, Katia, Angelini, Paola, and Gigante Daniela, Selvaggi Alberto, Acosta Alicia T.R., Adorni Michele, Allegrezza Marina, Angiolini Claudia, Armiraglio Stefano, Assini Silvia, Attorre Fabio, Bagella Simonetta, Barcella Matteo, Bazan Giuseppe, Bertacchi Andrea, Bolpagni Rossano, Bonari Gianmaria, Buffa Gabriella, Caccianiga Marco Stefano, Cacciatori Cecilia, Caria Maria.Carmela, Casavecchia Simona, Casella Laura, Cerabolini Bruno E.L., Ciaschetti Giampiero, Ciccarelli Daniela, Cogoni Annalena, Cutini Maurizio, De Sanctis Michele, De Simone Walter, Del Vecchio Silvia, Di Cecco Valter, Di Martino Luciano, Di Musciano Michele, Fantinato Edy, Filesi Leonardo, Foggi Bruno, Forte Luigi, Frattaroli Anna Rita, Galdenzi Diana, Gangale Carmen, Gianguzzi Lorenzo, Giusso Del Galdo Gianpietro, Grignetti Alessandra, Guarino Riccardo, Lasen Cesare, Maneli Fabio, Marcenò Corrado, Mariotti Mauro Giorgio, Oriolo Giuseppe, Paura Bruno, Perrino Enrico, Pesaresi Simone, Pezzi Giovanna, Pisanu Stefania, Poponessi Silvia, Prisco Irene, Puglisi Marta, Rivieccio Giovanni, Sciandrello Saverio, Spampinato Giovanni, Stinca Adriano, Strumia Sandro, Taffetani Fabio, Tesei Giulio, Tomaselli Valeria, Venanzoni Roberto, Viciani Daniele, Villani Mariacristina, Wagensommer Robert Philipp, Zanatta Katia, Angelini Paola

Subjects
Habitat, Habitat, Italian forests, Vegetation Science, Natura 2000, Biodiversity conservation, Italian forests
Abstract

In 2019 the 4th Report ex-Art. 17 on the conservation status (CS) of Annex I Habitats of the 92/43/EEC Directive was expected by every EU/28 country, with reference to the period 2013-18. In Italy, the process was in charge to the Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), on behalf of the Ministry for Environment, Land and Sea Protection (MATTM), with the scientific support of the Italian Botanical Society (SBI). A large group of thematic and territorial experts elaborated the available data concerning the 124 types of terrestrial and inland water Habitats present in Italy, 39 of which are represented by Forest Habitats (Group 9),. The main aim of the work was the evaluation of the overall CS of each Habitat by Biogeographic Region (Mediterranean, Continental and Alpine), for a total amount of 294 assessments. A high proportion of these (92, corresponding to 31% of the total) referred to Forest Habitats, including 20 marginal types for which the CS was not requested. The analysis was carried out at different scales: a) administrative territory, through the data contained in the ISPRA database, whose compilation was in charge to the Regions and Autonomous Provinces; b) Natura 2000 site, with the latest updates available (Standard Data Forms updated to 2018); c) national scale, implementing the distribution maps for each Habitat based on the European grid ETRS89-LAEA5210 (10x10 km2 mesh); d) Biogeographic Region, scale of the final assessment. Cartographic outcomes, associated databases and additional data used for the assessments will be available online on the ISPRA Portal as soon as the validation process by the European Commission will be completed. A dedicated archive named "HAB_IT" has been created in the national database "VegItaly" (1), managed by the Italian Society of Vegetation Science, where the phytosociological relevés representative of the various Annex I Habitats in Italy will be archived and freely accessible. An overview of the results regarding the Forest habitats is here provided, including a comparison with the outcomes of the former reporting cycle, the 3rd Report ex-Art. 17 (2). In several cases (e.g. 9120, 91L0), the distribution maps have been remarkably improved due to better knowledge and more fitful interpretation. The conservation status resulted as Favourable (FV) for 6,7%, Inadequate (U1) for 58,7% and Bad (U1) for 32,0% of the 72 assessed forest Habitat types. In no case there was an improvement of the conservation status, while in 6 cases a worsening of the conditions resulted from the data analysis, pointing out the Habitats types with a higher need of action. Similarly to other projects carried out as a team by the network of Annex I Habitat experts of the Italian Botanical Society and the Italian Society for Vegetation Science (e.g. 3, 4), this is another step in the direction of supporting the implementation of the 92/43/EEC "Habitat" Directive in Italy and Europe. On this ground, the high biodiversity of the Italian forest Habitats could be emphasized, however results pointed out that some rare or endemic types (e.g. Alnus cordata or Betula aetnensis-dominated forests) are still scarcely acknowledged by the most prominent EU conservation tools such as the Annex I to the "Habitat" Directive. 1) F. Landucci et al. (2012) Plant Biosyst., 146(4), 756-763 2) P. Genovesi et al. (2014) ISPRA, Serie Rapporti, 194/2014 3) E. Biondi et al. (2009) Società Botanica Italiana, MATTM, D.P.N., http://vnr.unipg.it/habitat/ 4) D. Gigante et al. (2016) Plant Sociology, 53(2), 77-87

Published
2019

34. Plant assemblages and conservation status of habitats of Community interest (Directive 92/43/EEC): Definitions and concepts

Author

Angelini, Pierangela, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Nascimbene, Juri, Cerabolini, Bruno E. L., Fratte, Michele Dalle, Casella, Laura, Angelini, Pierangela, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Nascimbene, Juri, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., Fratte, Michele Dalle, and Casella, Laura

Subjects
Planning and Development, Geography, Monitoring, Ecology, Evolution, Ecological Modeling, Habitat types, Typical species, Geography, Planning and Development, Italy, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Habitat type, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematic, Typical specie, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

The article 17 of the 92/43/EEC Habitats Directive imposes to the Members States to produce periodic reports (every 6 years) on the conservation status of habitats and species at national level. In this context, in view of preparing the 4th National Report, the Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA) drafted the national guidelines for habitats monitoring, focusing on data collection at site level. The intention of this paper is to provide an overview about the development, in Italy, on Habitat types monitoring methodologies, in particular detailing the current state-of-the-art for the parameter structure and functions, which is the most controversial among those required by the Habitats Directive for the assessment of conservation status. The paper concludes that, although habitat types monitoring programs could be carried out using individual species of fauna and/or flora, vegetation surveys represent the best choice as it allows to collect standardised and objective data, useful for the definition of more specific indicators, first of all the presence and abundance of typical species.

Published
2018

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