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109 results on '"Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK)"'

1. National soil data in EU countries, where do we stand?

Author

Cornu, Sophie, Keesstra, Saskia, Bispo, Antonio, Fantappie, Maria, van Egmond, Fenny, Smreczak, Bozena, Wawer, Rafał, Pavlů, Lenka, Sobocká, Jaroslava, Bakacsi, Zsófia, Farkas-Iványi, Kinga, Molnár, Sándor, Møller, Anders Bjørn, Madenoglu, Sevinc, Feiziene, Dalia, Oorts, Katrien, Schneider, Florian, Gonçalves, Maria da Conceição, Mano, Raquel, Garland, Gina, Skalský, Rastislav, O'Sullivan, Lilian, Kasparinskis, Raimonds, Chenu, Claire, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Wageningen Environmental Research (Alterra), Info&Sols (Info&Sols), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria = Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation (IUNG), Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU), National Agricultural and Food Centre, Soil Science and Conservation Research Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Faculty of Applied Biosciences and Engineering, Thunen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária = National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research [Oeiras, Portugal] (INIAV), Agroscope, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [Laxenburg] (IIASA), Teagasc - The Agriculture and Food Development Authority (Teagasc), Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences [Riga], University of Latvia (LU), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), and AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Europe, EJP SOIL programme, harmonisation, agricultural soil database, soil parameter, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, soil data, soil
Abstract

At European scale, soil characteristics are needed to evaluate soil quality, soil health and soi l-based ecosystem services in the context of the European Green Deal. While some soil databases exist at the European scale, a much larger wealth of data is present in individual European countries, al l owing a more detailed soil assessment. There is thus an urgent and crucial need to combine these data at t h e European scale. In the frame of a large European Joint Programme on agricultural soils launched by the European Commission, a survey was conducted in the spring of 2020, i n the 24 European participating countries to assess the existing soil data sources, focusing on agricultural soils. The survey will become a contribution to the European Soil Observatory, launched in December 2020, which aims to collect metadata of soil databases related to all kind of land uses, including fores t and urban soils. Based upon a comprehensive questionnaire, 170 soil databases were identified at local, regional and national scales. Soil parameters were divided into f i ve groups: 1. main soil parametersaccording to the Global Soil Map specifications; 2. other soil chemical parameters; 3. oth e r physical parameters; 4. other pedological parameters; and 5. soil biological features. A classification based onthe environmental zones of Europe was used to distinguish the climatic zones. This survey shows that while most of the main pedological and chemical parameters are included in more than 70 % of the country soil databases, water content, contamination with organic pollutants and biological parameters are the least frequently reported parameters. Such differences will have conse que nce s when developing an EU policy on soil health as proposed under the EU soil strategy for 2023 and using the data to derive soil health indicators. Many differences in the me thods used in collecting, preparing, and analysing the soils were found, thus requiring harmonisation procedures and more cooperation among countries and with the EU to use the data at the European scale Additionally, choosing harmonized and useful interpretation and threshold values f or EU soil indicators may be challenging due to the different methods used and the wide variety of soil land-use and climate combinations influencing possible thresholds. The temporal scale of the soil databases reported is also extremely wide, starting from the ‘20s of the 20th century.

Published
2023
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2. Disentangling the role of poultry farms and wild birds in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in Europe

Author

Claire, Guinat, Cecilia, Valenzuela Agüí, Timothy G, Vaughan, Jérémie, Scire, Anne, Pohlmann, Christoph, Staubach, Jacqueline, King, Edyta, Świętoń, Ádám, Dán, Lenka, Černíková, Mariette F, Ducatez, Tanja, Stadler, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering [ETH Zürich] (D-BSSE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), National Veterinary Research Institute [Pulawy, Pologne] (NVRI), Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), State Veterinary Institute Prague, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 842621., European Project: 777657,H2020-EU.1.3.3. - Stimulating innovation by means of cross-fertilisation of knowledge,777657,MSCA-RISE(2018), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)

Subjects
[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, highly pathogenic avian influenza, virus transmission and evolution, phylodynamics, domestic-wildlife interface
Abstract

In winter 2016-7, Europe was severely hit by an unprecedented epidemic of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs), causing a significant impact on animal health, wildlife conservation, and livestock economic sustainability. By applying phylodynamic tools to virus sequences collected during the epidemic, we investigated when the first infections occurred, how many infections were unreported, which factors influenced virus spread, and how many spillover events occurred. HPAIV was likely introduced into poultry farms during the autumn, in line with the timing of wild birds' migration. In Germany, Hungary, and Poland, the epidemic was dominated by farm-to-farm transmission, showing that understanding of how farms are connected would greatly help control efforts. In the Czech Republic, the epidemic was dominated by wild bird-to-farm transmission, implying that more sustainable prevention strategies should be developed to reduce HPAIV exposure from wild birds. Inferred transmission parameters will be useful to parameterize predictive models of HPAIV spread. None of the predictors related to live poultry trade, poultry census, and geographic proximity were identified as supportive predictors of HPAIV spread between farms across borders. These results are crucial to better understand HPAIV transmission dynamics at the domestic-wildlife interface with the view to reduce the impact of future epidemics., Virus Evolution, 8 (2), ISSN:2057-1577

Published
2023
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3. Guidance for creating individual and batch latinized binomial virus species names

Author

Postler, Thomas S., Rubino, Luisa, Adriaenssens, Evelien M., Dutilh, Bas E., Harrach, Balázs, Junglen, Sandra, Kropinski, Andrew M., Krupovic, Mart, Wada, Jiro, Crane, Anya, Kuhn, Jens H., Mushegian, Arcady, Rūmnieks, Jānis, Sabanadzovic, Sead, Simmonds, Peter, Varsani, Arvind, Zerbini, F. Murilo, Callanan, Julie, Draper, Lorraine A., Hill, Colin, Stockdale, Stephen R., Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Sub Bioinformatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), CNR Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Quadram Institute Bioscience [Norwich, U.K.] (QIB), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Humboldt University Of Berlin, University of Guelph, Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Microbiologie Intégrative et Moléculaire (UMR6047), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), National Science Foundation [Arlington] (NSF), Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre [Rīga], Mississippi State University [Mississippi], University of Oxford, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), University of Cape Town, Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), University College Cork (UCC), This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC prime contract with the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. A.C. and J.W. performed this work as employees or affiliates of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. This publication has emanated from research conducted with the financial support of Science Foundation Ireland under grant numbers SFI/12/RC/2273_P2 and SFI/14/SP APC/B3032 (J.C., L.A.D, C.H. and S.R.S). E.M.A. gratefully acknowledges the support of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), this research was funded by the BBSRC Institute Strategic Program Gut Microbes and Health BB/R012490/1 and its constituent project(s) BBS/E/F/000PR10353 and BBS/E/F/000PR10356. B.E.D. was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Consolidator grant 865694: DiversiPHI and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy EXC 2051 Project-ID 390713860. B.H. is supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office—NKFIH (NN140356). A.R.M. is a Program Director at the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), but the statements and opinions expressed herein are made in the personal capacity and do not constitute the endorsement by NSF or the government of the United States. S.S. acknowledges partial support from the Special Research Initiative (MAFES) USDA-ARS project 58-6066-9-033 and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494., European Project: 865694,H2020-EU.1.1. - EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC),DiversiPHI(2020), Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, and Sub Bioinformatics

Subjects
Virus taxonomy, Binomial, virus nomenclature, virus taxonomy, Virus nomenclature, International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, binomial, Ictv, ICTV, Virology, Latinization, Species name, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, species name
Abstract

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses recently adopted, and is gradually implementing, a binomial naming format for virus species. Although full Latinization of these names remains optional, a standardized nomenclature based on Latinized binomials has the advantage of comparability with all other biological taxonomies. As a language without living native speakers, Latin is more culturally neutral than many contemporary languages, and words built from Latin roots are already widely used in the language of science across the world. Conversion of established species names to Latinized binomials or creation of Latinized binomials de novo may seem daunting, but the rules for name creation are straightforward and can be implemented in a formulaic manner. Here, we describe approaches, strategies and steps for creating Latinized binomials for virus species without prior knowledge of Latin. We also discuss a novel approach to the automated generation of large batches of novel genus and species names. Importantly, conversion to a binomial format does not affect virus names, many of which are created from local languages.

Published
2022
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4. Distinct invasion sources of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Eastern and Western Europe

Author

Pierre Gladieux, Jacqui A. Shykoff, Benjamin J. Genton, Levente Kiss, Odile Jonot, Tatiana Giraud, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), AgroParisTech, Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Génétique et Écologie Évolutives, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), ANR : 07-BDIV-003, University Paris-Sud, and Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA) : T046841, IN67377

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, biology, Range (biology), [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Population genetics, Introduced species, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Eastern european, 03 medical and health sciences, Colonization, Genetic variability, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

International audience; The common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.; Asteraceae) is a North American native that is invading Eurasia. Besides its economic impact on crop yield, it presents a major health problem because of its highly allergenic pollen. The plant was imported inadvertently to Europe in the eighteenth century and has become invasive in several countries. By analyzing French and North American populations, it was previously shown that French populations were best described as a mixture of native sources and that range expansion in France probably involved sequential bottlenecks. Here, our aim was to determine whether Eastern European populations of A. artemisiifolia originated from the previously established French populations or from independent trans-Atlantic colonization events. We used nuclear microsatellite markers to elucidate the relationships among populations from Eastern and Western Europe in relation to populations from a broad survey across the native North American range. We found that A. artemisiifolia from Eastern Europe did not originate from the earlier established French populations but rather represents multiple independent introductions from other sources, or introductions from a not yet identified highly diverse native population. Eastern European populations show comparable amounts of genetic variability as do previously characterized French and North American populations, but analyses of population structure clearly distinguish the two European groups. This suggests separate introductions in Eastern and Western Europe as well as divergent sources for these two invasions, possibly as a result of distinct rules for trade and exchange for Eastern Europe during most of the twentieth century.

Published
2011
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5. Temporal isolation explains host-related genetic differentiation in a group of widespread mycoparasitic fungi

Author

Kiss, Levente, Pintye, Alexandra, Kovacs, Gabor, Jankovics, Tunde, Fontaine, Michael, Harvey, Nick, Xu, Xiangming, Nicot, Philippe, Bardin, Marc, Shykoff, Jacqui, Giraud, Tatiana, Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institute of Neurology, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Laboratoire de physique et mécanique des matériaux (LPMM), Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM)-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Metz (ENIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), East Malling Research, Station de Pathologie Végétale (AVI-PATHO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique et Écologie Évolutives, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), AgroParisTech, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Genetic Marker Services, Partenaires INRAE, and Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV)

Subjects
TRI-TROPHIC INTERACTIONS, microsatellite, séquence nucleique, Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, variabilité génétique, pommier, génétique moléculaire, Mycology, champignon phytopathogène, MYCOHOST SPECIALIZATION, épidémiologie végétale, ITS SEQUENCE, SPECIATION, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, arbre fruitier, ISOLATION IN TIME, malus domestica, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], food and beverages, POWDERY MILDEW, Phytopathologie et phytopharmacie, PODOSPHAERA LEUCOTRICHA, Agricultural sciences, Mycologie, BIOTROPHIC PATHOGENS, AMPELOMYCES, marqueur moléculaire, Sciences agricoles
Abstract

International audience; Understanding the mechanisms responsible for divergence and specialization of pathogens on different hosts is of fundamental importance, especially in the context of the emergence of new diseases via host shifts. Temporal isolation has been reported in a few plants and parasites, but is probably one of the least studied speciation processes. We studied whether temporal isolation could be responsible for the maintenance of genetic differentiation among sympatric populations of Ampelomyces, widespread intracellular mycoparasites of powdery mildew fungi, themselves plant pathogens. The timing of transmission of Ampelomyces depends on the life cycles of the powdery mildew species they parasitize. Internal transcribed spacer sequences and microsatellite markers showed that Ampelomyces populations found in apple powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) were genetically highly differentiated from other Ampelomyces populations sampled from several other powdery mildew species across Europe, infecting plant hosts other than apple. While P. leucotricha starts its life cycle early in spring, and the main apple powdery mildew epidemics occur before summer, the fungal hosts of the other Ampelomyces cause epidemics mainly in summer and autumn. When two powdery mildew species were experimentally exposed to Ampelomyces strains naturally occurring in P. leucotricha in spring, and to strains naturally present in other mycohost species in autumn, cross-infections always occurred. Thus, the host-related genetic differentiation in Ampelomyces cannot be explained by narrow physiological specialization, because Ampelomyces were able to infect powdery mildew species they were unlikely to have encountered in nature, but instead appears to result from temporal isolation

Published
2011
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6. Nuclear and chloroplast microsatellites show multiple introductions in the worldwide invasion history of common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia

Author

Myriam Gaudeul, Tatiana Giraud, Levente Kiss, Jacqui A. Shykoff, Origine, structure et évolution de la biodiversité (OSEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique et Écologie Évolutives, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), and Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Evolutionary Genetics, Chloroplasts, Internationality, Plant Evolution, Population Dynamics, Population genetics, lcsh:Medicine, Introduced species, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, invasive species, Cluster Analysis, lcsh:Science, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Principal Component Analysis, Multidisciplinary, biology, Ecology, Geography, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], DNA, Chloroplast, Eastern european, Biogeography, Ambrosia, Research Article, Wahlund effect, Population, 010603 evolutionary biology, 03 medical and health sciences, education, Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Isolation by distance, Cell Nucleus, Evolutionary Biology, lcsh:R, Genetic Variation, Bayes Theorem, population structure, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Genetics, Population, Haplotypes, Genetic Loci, Biological dispersal, lcsh:Q, Introduced Species, Population Genetics, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

International audience; Ambrosia artemisiifolia is a North American native that has become one of the most problematic invasive plants in Europe and Asia. We studied its worldwide population genetic structure, using both nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers and an unprecedented large population sampling. Our goals were (i) to identify the sources of the invasive populations; (ii) to assess whether all invasive populations were founded by multiple introductions, as previously found in France; (iii) to examine how the introductions have affected the amount and structure of genetic variation in Europe; (iv) to document how the colonization of Europe proceeded; (v) to check whether populations exhibit significant heterozygote deficiencies, as previously observed. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We found evidence for multiple introductions of A. artemisiifolia, within regions but also within populations in most parts of its invasive range, leading to high levels of diversity. In Europe, introductions probably stem from two different regions of the native area: populations established in Central Europe appear to have originated from eastern North America, and Eastern European populations from more western North America. This may result from differential commercial exchanges between these geographic regions. Our results indicate that the expansion in Europe mostly occurred through long-distance dispersal, explaining the absence of isolation by distance and the weak influence of geography on the genetic structure in this area in contrast to the native range. Last, we detected significant heterozygote deficiencies in most populations. This may be explained by partial selfing, biparental inbreeding and/or a Wahlund effect and further investigation is warranted. CONCLUSIONS: This insight into the sources and pathways of common ragweed expansion may help to better understand its invasion success and provides baseline data for future studies on the evolutionary processes involved during range expansion in novel environments.

Published
2011
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7. There is a growing realization that the complexity of model ensemble studies depends not only on the models used but also on the experience and approach used by modelers to calibrate and validate results, which remain a source of uncertainty. Here, we applied a multi-criteria decision-making method to investigate the rationale applied by modelers in a model ensemble study where 12 process-based different biogeochemical model types were compared across five successive calibration stages. The modelers shared a common level of agreement about the importance of the variables used to initialize their models for calibration. However, we found inconsistency among modelers when judging the importance of input variables across different calibration stages. The level of subjective weighting attributed by modelers to calibration data decreased sequentially as the extent and number of variables provided increased. In this context, the perceived importance attributed to variables such as the fertilization rate, irrigation regime, soil texture, pH, and initial levels of soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks was statistically different when classified according to model types. The importance attributed to input variables such as experimental duration, gross primary production, and netecosystem exchange varied significantly according to the length of the modeler’s experience. We argue that the gradual access to input data across the five calibration stages negatively influenced the consistency of the interpretations made by the modelers, with cognitive bias in 'trial-and-error' calibration routines. Our study highlights that overlooking human and social attributes is critical in the outcomes of modeling and model intercomparison studies. While complexity of the processes captured in the model algorithms and parameterization is important, we contend that (1) the modeler’s assumptions on the extent to which parameters should be altered and (2) modeler perceptions of the importance of model parameters are just as critical in obtaining a quality model calibration as numerical or analytical details

Author

Fabrizio Albanito, David McBey, Matthew Harrison, Pete Smith, Fiona Ehrhardt, Arti Bhatia, Gianni Bellocchi, Lorenzo Brilli, Marco Carozzi, Karen Christie, Jordi Doltra, Christopher Dorich, Luca Doro, Peter Grace, Brian Grant, Joël Léonard, Mark Liebig, Cameron Ludemann, Raphael Martin, Elizabeth Meier, Rachelle Meyer, Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Vasileios Myrgiotis, Sylvie Recous, Renáta Sándor, Val Snow, Jean-François Soussana, Ward N. Smith, Nuala Fitton, Producció Vegetal, Cultius Extensius Sostenibles, University of Aberdeen, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), RITTMO Agroenvironnement (RITTMO), Collège de Direction (CODIR), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institute for BioEconomy [Sesto Fiorentino] (IBE | CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory [Fort Collins] (NREL), Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Texas A and M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University System, Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS), Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Ottawa Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food (AAFC), Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), USDA-ARS, Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, Sidney, Montana, Cameron Ludemann Consulting, CSIRO Agriculture and Food (CSIRO), Faculty of Veterinary & Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, School of Geosciences, University of Edimburgh, Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), AgResearch Ltd, and Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen

Subjects
model ensembles, biogeochemical models, model calibration, Nitrogen, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Uncertainty, General Chemistry, Carbon, Soil, model intercomparison, climate change, greenhouse gases, AgMIP, Environmental Chemistry, multi-criteria decision-making, Humans, soil carbon, Ecosystem
Abstract

There is a growing realization that the complexity of model ensemble studies depends not only on the models used but also on the experience and approach used by modelers to calibrate and validate results, which remain a source of uncertainty. Here, we applied a multi-criteria decision-making method to investigate the rationale applied by modelers in a model ensemble study where 12 process-based different biogeochemical model types were compared across five successive calibration stages. The modelers shared a common level of agreement about the importance of the variables used to initialize their models for calibration. However, we found inconsistency among modelers when judging the importance of input variables across different calibration stages. The level of subjective weighting attributed by modelers to calibration data decreased sequentially as the extent and number of variables provided increased. In this context, the perceived importance attributed to variables such as the fertilization rate, irrigation regime, soil texture, pH, and initial levels of soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks was statistically different when classified according to model types. The importance attributed to input variables such as experimental duration, gross primary production, and net ecosystem exchange varied significantly according to the length of the modeler’s experience. We argue that the gradual access to input data across the five calibration stages negatively influenced the consistency of the interpretations made by the modelers, with cognitive bias in “trial-and-error” calibration routines. Our study highlights that overlooking human and social attributes is critical in the outcomes of modeling and model intercomparison studies. While complexity of the processes captured in the model algorithms and parameterization is important, we contend that (1) the modeler’s assumptions on the extent to which parameters should be altered and (2) modeler perceptions of the importance of model parameters are just as critical in obtaining a quality model calibration as numerical or analytical details. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

Published
2022
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8. FIRST RECORD OF ALEUROCLAVA AUCUBAE (HEMIPTERA ALEYRODIDAE) IN HUNGARY, WITH A CHECKLIST OF WHITE FLIES OCCURRING IN THE COUNTRY

Author

Kinga Gabriella Fetykó, Dóra Vikár, József Fail, Gábor Vétek, Éva Szita, Jean-Claude Streito, Katalin Hári, Attila Haltrich, Péter Radácsi, Szent István University, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), National Food Chain Safety Office (NEBIH), and This research was partially supported by the Hungarian Ministry for Innovation and Technology within the framework of the Higher Education Institutional Excellence Program (NKFIH-1159-6/2019) in the scope of plant breeding and plant protection research of Szent István University, the Pannon Breeding Program (GINOP 2.2.1-152017-00042), and the NKFIH OTKA grant FK131550.

Subjects
Hungary, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], biology, Fauna, Zoology, Aleyrodidae, Whitefly, biology.organism_classification, Fraxinus, Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Checklist, Geography, Sorbus, Celtis, whitefly, first record, ornamental plants, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, checklist, Aleuroclava aucubae
Abstract

International audience; Aleuroclava aucubae (Kuwana) (Hemiptera : Sternorrhyncha : Aleyrodidae), native to Japan, has been recorded for the first time in Hungary. Several individuals of the species were found on various ornamental plants (Celtis, Fraxinus, Morus, Sorbus, Ulmus) at five locations in the country in 2014 and 2018.The currently known distribution and host associations of the species are briefly discussed, along with an annotated checklist of the whitefly fauna of Hungary.

Published
2021
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9. Host Phenology and Geography as Drivers of Differentiation in Generalist Fungal Mycoparasites

Author

Hyeon Dong Shin, Tatiana Giraud, Alexandra Pintye, Nicholas C. Harvey, Levente Kiss, Philippe C. Nicot, Jeanne Ropars, Christel Leyronas, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genetic Marker Services, Partenaires INRAE, Korea University [Seoul], Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Hungarian Scientific Research Fund OTKA NN100415, Janos Bolyai Research Fellowship, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station de Pathologie Végétale (AVI-PATHO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Giraud, Tatiana, and Kiss, Levente

Subjects
mycoparasitisme, Biodiversité et Ecologie, lcsh:Medicine, champignon phytopathogène, Generalist and specialist species, différenciation génétique, Linkage Disequilibrium, DNA, Fungal, lcsh:Science, pathologie végétale, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, 2. Zero hunger, Multidisciplinary, Mildew, biology, Ecology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Fungal genetics, food and beverages, Plants, pays européen, Agricultural sciences, dynamique des populations, pomme, marqueur microsatellite, Sympatric speciation, Powdery mildew, Research Article, Zoology, Biodiversity and Ecology, Ascomycota, Genetic variation, oïdium, Plant Diseases, Host (biology), lcsh:R, fungi, interaction hôte pathogène, Genetic Variation, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, maladie des plantes, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, évolution génétique des populations, Biological dispersal, lcsh:Q, agent de lutte biologique, Sciences agricoles, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

International audience; The question as to why parasites remain generalist or become specialist is a key unresolved question in evolutionary biology. Ampelomyces spp., intracellular mycoparasites of powdery mildew fungi, which are themselves plant pathogens, are a useful model for studies of this issue. Ampelomyces is used for the biological control of mildew. Differences in mycohost phenology promote temporal isolation between sympatric Ampelomyces mycoparasites. Apple powdery mildew (APM) causes spring epidemics, whereas other powdery mildew species on plants other than apple cause epidemics later in the season. This has resulted in genetic differentiation between APM and non-APM strains. It is unclear whether there is genetic differentiation between non-APM Ampelomyces lineages due to their specialization on different mycohosts. We used microsatellites to address this question and found no significant differentiation between non-APM Ampelomyces strains from different mycohosts or host plants, but strong differentiation between APM and non-APM strains. A geographical structure was revealed in both groups, with differences between European countries, demonstrating restricted dispersal at the continent scale and a high resolution for our markers. We found footprints of recombination in both groups, possibly more frequent in the APM cluster. Overall, Ampelomyces thus appears to be one of the rare genuine generalist pathogenic fungi able to parasitize multiple hosts in natural populations. It is therefore an excellent model for studying the evolution of pathogens towards a generalist rather than host-specific strategy, particularly in light of the tritrophic interaction between Ampelomyces mycoparasites, their powdery mildew fungal hosts and the mildew host plants.

Published
2015
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10. An update of the Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) on systemic pesticides. Part 4: Alternatives in major cropping systems

Author

C. Avilla, Lorenzo Furlan, Jozsef Kiss, Xuan Vi Le, Hagus Tarno, Ivan Milosavljević, Xavier Pons, Aunu Rauf, Ewa Matyjaszczyk, Stefan Vidal, Andrea Veres, Wenwu Zhou, Jonathan G. Lundgren, Ferenc Tóth, Maarten Bijleveld van Lexmond, Alexandre Aebi, Giovanni Burgio, Buyung A.R. Hadi, Jean-Marc Bonmatin, Kris A.G. Wyckhuys, Jaka Razinger, Renata Bazok, Zeng-Rong Zhu, Veres A., Wyckhuys K.A.G., Kiss J., Toth F., Burgio G., Pons X., Avilla C., Vidal S., Razinger J., Bazok R., Matyjaszczyk E., Milosavljevic I., Le X.V., Zhou W., Zhu Z.-R., Tarno H., Hadi B., Lundgren J., Bonmatin J.-M., van Lexmond M.B., Aebi A., Rauf A., Furlan L., China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Universitat de Lleida, University of Sevilla, University of Göttingen - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, IPP ( Institute of Plant Protection ), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), University of Neuchatel, Bogor Agricultural University - IPB (INDONESIA), and Veneto Agricoltura

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, Insecticides, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Pesticide application, Review Article, 010501 environmental sciences, Soil pests, 01 natural sciences, Neonicotinoids, Aphis gossypii, Neonicotinoid, Biological controlReview Article, Aphid, Insecticide, 2. Zero hunger, biology, General Medicine, Agricultural policy, Whitefly, Pollution, Europe, Geography, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Biological control, Brown planthopper, Agriotes, Asia, Neonicotinoids, Soil pests, Aphids, Whitefly, Brown planthopper, Agricultural policy, IPM, Biological control, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Pesticides, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Animal, business.industry, Pest control, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Biotechnology, 010602 entomology, Western corn rootworm, Aphids, North America, Soil pest, IPM, business, Cropping
Abstract

We present a synthetic review and expert consultation that assesses the actual risks posed by arthropod pests in four major crops, identifies targets for integrated pest management (IPM) in terms of cultivated land needing pest control and gauges the implementation “readiness” of non-chemical alternatives. Our assessment focuses on the world’s primary target pests for neonicotinoid-based management: western corn rootworm (WCR, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) in maize; wireworms (Agriotes spp.) in maize and winter wheat; bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) in winter wheat; brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens) in rice; cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) and silver-leaf whitefly (SLW, Bemisia tabaci) in cotton. First, we queried scientific literature databases and consulted experts from different countries in Europe, North America, and Asia about available IPM tools for each crop-pest system. Next, using an online survey, we quantitatively assessed the economic relevance of target pests by compiling country-level records of crop damage, yield impacts, extent of insecticide usage, and “readiness” status of various pest management alternatives (i.e., research, plot-scale validation, grower-uptake). Biological control received considerable scientific attention, while agronomic strategies (e.g., crop rotation), insurance schemes, decision support systems (DSS), and innovative pesticide application modes were listed as key alternatives. Our study identifies opportunities to advance applied research, IPM technology validation, and grower education to halt or drastically reduce our over-reliance on systemic insecticides globally. he authors would like to thank the Stichting Triodos Foundation (The Netherlands) for funding the Task Force on Systemic Pesticides (TFSP) as a totally independent research group, for making this study and the relative open access possible. The Stichting Triodos Foundation received funds from the Umwelt Stiftung Greenpeace (Germany), Pollinis (France) and the M.A.O.C. Gravin van Bylandt Stichting (The Netherlands).

Published
2020
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11. Morphology of Pholeoixodes species associated with carnivores in the western Palearctic: Pictorial key based on molecularly identified Ixodes (Ph.) canisuga, I. (Ph.) hexagonus and I. (Ph.) kaiseri males, nymphs and larvae

Author

Gábor Majoros, Nóra Takács, Siobhán Cullen, Gábor Horváth, Attila D. Sándor, Sándor Hornok, Sándor Szekeres, Relja Beck, Jenő Kontschán, Sándor Boldogh, Aoibheann Gaughran, Csaba Kutasi, Olivier Plantard, Elisabeth Meyer-Kayser, Department of Parasitology and Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine, H-1400 Budapest Pf. 2, Thuringian State Office for Consumer Protection (TLV) (TLV), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale (BIOEPAR), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Trinity College Dublin, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Aggtelek National Park Directorate (ANPI), Veterinary Authority, Bakony Museum of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, and University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Roumanie

Subjects
Male, Nymph, 0301 basic medicine, Ixodidae, Ixodes hexagonus, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030231 tropical medicine, Carnivora, Zoology, Identification key, Tick, Microbiology, Subgenera, Middle East, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Africa, Northern, Species Specificity, Animals, Carnivora Eulipotyphla, cox1, 16S rRNA, biology, Chaetotaxy, Eulipotyphla, Classification, biology.organism_classification, Ixodes canisuga, Europe, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Larva, Insect Science, Parasitology, Ixodes
Abstract

International audience; Three Palearctic members of the subgenus Pholeoixodes, i.e., Ixodes canisuga, Ixodes hexagonus and Ixodes kaiseri are frequently collected from dogs, cats, red foxes, badgers and other carnivorous/insectivorous hosts in Europe. While a pictorial identification key has been reported for female Pholeoixodes ticks, a similar work has not been done on their male, nymphal and larval specimens. This study was initiated in order to clarify and re-examine those morphological characters of these three tick species, which can be used relatively easily to identify/distinguish them. In the case of larvae the aims included finding alternatives to chaetotaxy, which is difficult to observe and its usefulness is also affected by uncertainties in literature data. For this, 609 Pholeoixodes ticks (males, nymphs and larvae) were collected from carnivores, hedgehogs and their environment in six European countries (representing Western, Central and Southeastern Europe), followed by detailed morphological examination and/or molecular analyses to confirm the identity of their species. Based on the morphology of 84 molecularly analyzed specimens and a new identification key compiled accordingly, altogether 116 I. canisuga, 277 I. hexagonus and 216 I. kaiseri males, nymphs and larvae were identified. Ixodes kaiseri was not found in Western Europe, where I. canisuga predominated. In Central Europe, all three Pholeoixodes species were collected, the largest number of specimens represented by I. hexagonus. On the other hand, in Southeastern Europe I. kaiseri had the highest abundance. In conclusion, the morphology of internal spur on the first coxae (as the traditionally used character to distinguish I. hexagonus from other Pholeoixodes species) is trustworthy to recognize males but is less informative in the case of nymphs and larvae. The latter can be identified more properly by observing the morphology of basis capituli. In particular, nymphs and larvae of I. canisuga have anteriorly flattened basis capituli, forming a plateau that surrounds the base of the hypostome. On the other hand, nymphs and larvae of I. hexagonus and I. kaiseri lack a similar plateau, but (unlike I. canisuga) have cornuae, which are either posterolaterally or caudally directed, respectively.

Published
2021
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12. Designing farmer-acceptable rotations that assure ecosystem service provision in the face of climate change

Author

Bohan, David, Schmucki, Reto, Abay, Abrha, Termansen, Mette, Bane, Miranda, Charalabidis, Alice, Cong, Rong-Gang, Derocles, Stephane A.P., Dorner, Zita, FORSTER, Matthieu, Gibert, Caroline, Harrower, Colin, Oudoire, Geoffroy, Therond, Olivier, Young, Juliette, Zalai, Mihály, Pocock, Michael J.O., Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Department of Environmental Science [Roskilde] (ENVS), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), School of Biological Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Agro-écologie, Hydrogéochimie, Milieux et Ressources (AGHYLE), UniLaSalle, Association Solagro (Solagro), ARVALIS - Institut du Végétal [Ouzouer le Marché] (ARVALIS), ARVALIS - Institut du végétal [Paris], Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement - Antenne Colmar (LAE-Colmar ), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Bohan, D. A. Vanbergen, A. J., UK Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Maclean Bldg, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England., Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Solagro [TOULOUSE], Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK

Subjects
farmer behaviour, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Agriculture and Soil Science, ecological function, [SDV.SA.STA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Sciences and technics of agriculture, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, cropping practice, landscape, Ecology and Environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; We believe that approaches to landscape modification should explicitly include farmers, given their understanding of landscape management practices, and consider climate change, so that the landscapes are designed for future environmental conditions. Climate change is an existential threat to farmers and current patterns of arable agriculture, leading to increases in the variability of agricultural productivity and crop failure. The performance of many of the crops that are currently highly productive will decline significantly and the geographical envelopes within which these crops can be grown are expected to shift northwards in Europe. Farmers will likely be faced with a choice: either leave farming or modify the crops that are grown, adopting new cultivars or species able to be cultivated profitably under future climatic conditions. We hypothesised that farmers do not adopt new crops or cultivars individually but use crops within sequences, called rotations, which are agronomically well understood. We know from past research that changes to rotations will lead to changes in biodiversity and the ecosystem services furnished by farmland, both within a field and at landscape scales. Here, we show how we might: use farmer knowledge of crop agronomy to propose future crop rotations in the light of climate change predictions; model these crop rotations to estimate likely effects on economy, biodiversity and ecosystem services; and validate these predictions through empirical study in regions where the rotations are already used. A workflow of co-development would have the benefit of generating practical rotations built on farmer knowledge and demonstrate empirically the predicted economic and ecological effects, markedly increasing the likely credibility of the results for farmers. Such a methodology has the potential to transform future sustainable agricultural

Published
2021
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13. Changes to virus taxonomy and to the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2021)

Author

Walker, Peter J, Siddell, Stuart G, Lefkowitz, Elliot J, Mushegian, Arcady R, Adriaenssens, Evelien M, Alfenas-Zerbini, Poliane, Davison, Andrew J, Dempsey, Donald M, Dutilh, Bas E, García, María Laura, Harrach, Balázs, Harrison, Robert L, Hendrickson, R Curtis, Junglen, Sandra, Knowles, Nick J, Krupovic, Mart, Kuhn, Jens H, Lambert, Amy J, Łobocka, Małgorzata, Nibert, Max L, Oksanen, Hanna M, Orton, Richard J, Robertson, David L, Rubino, Luisa, Sabanadzovic, Sead, Simmonds, Peter, Smith, Donald B, Suzuki, Nobuhiro, Van Dooerslaer, Koenraad, Vandamme, Anne-Mieke, Varsani, Arvind, Zerbini, Francisco Murilo, Sub Bioinformatics, Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), TB, HIV and opportunistic diseases and pathogens (THOP), University of Queensland [Brisbane], University of Bristol [Bristol], University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), National Science Foundation [Arlington] (NSF), Quadram Institute Biosciences, Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), MRC - University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory [Beltsville, USA], USDA Agricultural Research Service [Beltsville, Maryland], USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service-USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Institute for Animal Health, the Pirbright Institute, Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), University of Helsinki, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR-IPSP), UOS Torino, Mississippi State University [Mississippi], University of Oxford [Oxford], Okayama University, University of Arizona, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), E.M.A. gratefully acknowledges funding by the U.K. Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), this research was funded by the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme Gut Microbes and Health BB/R012490/1 and its constituent projects BBS/E/F/000PR10353 and BBS/E/F/000PR10356. A.J.D. is supported by the U.K. Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12014/3). B.E.D. is supported by Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Vidi grant 864.14.004. B.H. is supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office—NKFIH (NN128309). N.J.K. is partially supported by core funding provided by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer. This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC prime contract with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. A.R.M. is a Program Director at the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), the statements and opinions expressed herein are made in a personal capacity and do not constitute endorsement by NSF or the government of the United States. H.M.O was supported by the University of Helsinki and Academy of Finland by funding for FINStruct and Instruct Centre FI, part of Biocenter Finland and Instruct-ERIC. D.L.R. is supported by the U.K. Medical Research Council (MC_UU_1201412). R.J.O. and D.B.S. are supported by the Wellcome Trust (WT108418AIA). S.S. acknowledges partial support from the Special Research Initiative (MAFES), Mississippi State University, and from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494. Except for Donald M. Dempsey, R. Curtis Hendrickson, Richard J. Orton and Donald B. Smith, the authors were members of the ICTV Executive Committee during the relevant period. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US Department of Health and Human Services, or of the institutions and companies affiliated with the authors., Sub Bioinformatics, Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Quadram Institute Bioscience [Norwich, U.K.] (QIB), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), The Pirbright Institute, Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Microbiologie Intégrative et Moléculaire (UMR6047), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, CNR Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of Oxford, and Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme

Subjects
International Cooperation, education, virus, Viroids/classification, Viruses, Unclassified/classification, MESH: Viruses, ICTV, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Virology, Taverne, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, Taxonomy, 030304 developmental biology, SDG 15 - Life on Land, 11832 Microbiology and virology, 0303 health sciences, Unclassified/classification, Code, 030306 microbiology, Viruses/classification, General Medicine, Classification, Viroids, 3. Good health, MESH: Viroids, MESH: Classification, MESH: International Cooperation, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Viruses, MESH: Viruses, Unclassified, Viruses, Unclassified, Classification/methods
Abstract

Funding Information: E.M.A. gratefully acknowledges funding by the U.K. Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); this research was funded by the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme Gut Microbes and Health BB/R012490/1 and its constituent projects BBS/E/F/000PR10353 and BBS/E/F/000PR10356. A.J.D. is supported by the U.K. Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12014/3). B.E.D. is supported by Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Vidi grant 864.14.004. B.H. is supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office—NKFIH (NN128309). N.J.K. is partially supported by core funding provided by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer. This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC prime contract with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. A.R.M. is a Program Director at the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF); the statements and opinions expressed herein are made in a personal capacity and do not constitute endorsement by NSF or the government of the United States. H.M.O was supported by the University of Helsinki and Academy of Finland by funding for FINStruct and Instruct Centre FI, part of Biocenter Finland and Instruct-ERIC. D.L.R. is supported by the U.K. Medical Research Council (MC_UU_1201412). R.J.O. and D.B.S. are supported by the Wellcome Trust (WT108418AIA). S.S. acknowledges partial support from the Special Research Initiative (MAFES), Mississippi State University, and from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494. Except for Donald M. Dempsey, R. Curtis Hendrickson, Richard J. Orton and Donald B. Smith, the authors were members of the ICTV Executive Committee during the relevant period. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US Department of Health and Human Services, or of the institutions and companies affiliated with the authors. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply. This article reports the changes to virus taxonomy approved and ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) in March 2021. The entire ICTV was invited to vote on 290 taxonomic proposals approved by the ICTV Executive Committee at its meeting in October 2020, as well as on the proposed revision of the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature (ICVCN). All proposals and the revision were ratified by an absolute majority of the ICTV members. Of note, ICTV mandated a uniform rule for virus species naming, which will follow the binomial 'genus-species' format with or without Latinized species epithets. The Study Groups are requested to convert all previously established species names to the new format. ICTV has also abolished the notion of a type species, i.e., a species chosen to serve as a name-bearing type of a virus genus. The remit of ICTV has been clarified through an official definition of ‘virus’ and several other types of mobile genetic elements. The ICVCN and ICTV Statutes have been amended to reflect these changes. publishersversion inpress

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2021
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14. Methodology to assess the changing risk of yield failure due to heat and drought stress under climate change

Author

Tommaso Stella, Jon I. Lizaso, Sravya Mamidanna, C. Gabaldón-Leal, Mohamed Jabloun, Margarita Ruiz-Ramos, Alex C. Ruane, Stefan Fronzek, Pierre Stratonovitch, Brian Collins, Pierre Martre, Roberto Ferrise, Jørgen E. Olesen, Alfredo Rodríguez, Frank Ewert, Marco Bindi, Loic Manceau, Babacar Faye, Kurt Christian Kersebaum, Mikhail A. Semenov, Ignacio J. Lorite, Nándor Fodor, Claas Nendel, Heidi Webber, Simone Bregaglio, Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Aarhus University [Aarhus], iCLIMATE Aarhus University Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), James Cook University (JCU), UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Potsdam, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Rothamsted Research, Institut für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften und Ressourcenschutz (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, International Wheat Yield Partnership (IWYP115 Project)., FACCE JPI MACSUR project through the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (2815ERA01J)., FACCE MACSUR project by Innovation Fund Denmark and by the SustES project—Adaptation strategies for sustainable ecosystem services and food security under adverse environmental conditions (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000797), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) through Designing Future Wheat [BB/P016855/1] and Achieving Sustainable Agricultural Systems [NE/N018125/1], FACCE JPI MACSUR project (031A103B) through the metaprogram Adaptation of Agriculture and Forests to Climate Change (AAFCC) of the Franch National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE)., German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) through the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE), (2851ERA01J) for FACCE MACSUR, the German Research Foundation under Germany’s Excellence Strategy, EXC-2070—390732324—PhenoRob., Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria = Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha = University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Return period, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, climate change impact, climate risk assessment, crop model, maize, relative distribution, wheat, Yield (finance), Distribution (economics), Climate change, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, IRRIGATION, Range (statistics), skin and connective tissue diseases, Baseline (configuration management), 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 2. Zero hunger, ENVIRONMENT, 0303 health sciences, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Crop yield, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, BIASES, COMPOUND DRY, 15. Life on land, CHANGE IMPACTS, VARIABILITY, CROP YIELDS, Plant Production Systems, 13. Climate action, Plantaardige Productiesystemen, Environmental science, sense organs, business, Risk assessment
Abstract

International audience; While the understanding of average impacts of climate change on crop yields is improving, few assessments have quantified expected impacts on yield distributions and the risk of yield failures. Here we present the relative distribution as a method to assess how the risk of yield failure due to heat and drought stress (measured in terms of return period between yields falling 15% below previous five year Olympic average yield) responds to changes of the underlying yield distributions under climate change. Relative distributions are used to capture differences in the entire yield distribution between baseline and climate change scenarios, and to further decompose them into changes in the location and shape of the distribution. The methodology is applied here for the case of rainfed wheat and grain maize across Europe using an ensemble of crop models under three climate change scenarios with simulations conducted at 25 km resolution. Under climate change, maize generally displayed shorter return periods of yield failures (with changes under RCP 4.5 between −0.3 and 0 years compared to the baseline scenario) associated with a shift of the yield distribution towards lower values and changes in shape of the distribution that further reduced the frequency of high yields. This response was prominent in the areas characterized in the baseline scenario by high yields and relatively long return periods of failure. Conversely, for wheat, yield failures were projected to become less frequent under future scenarios (with changes in the return period of −0.1 to +0.4 years under RCP 4.5) and were associated with a shift of the distribution towards higher values and a change in shape increasing the frequency of extreme yields at both ends. Our study offers an approach to quantify the changes in yield distributions that drive crop yield failures. Actual risk assessments additionally require models that capture the variety of drivers determining crop yield variability and scenario climate input data that samples the range of probable climate variation.

Published
2021
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15. Salt Stress Tolerance of Dark Septate Endophytes Is Independent of Melanin Accumulation

Author

Dalia A. Gaber, Charlotte Berthelot, Iris Camehl, Gábor M. Kovács, Damien Blaudez, Philipp Franken, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), and Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Microbiology (medical), Hypha, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Sodium, Mutant, lcsh:QR1-502, chemistry.chemical_element, 570 Biologie, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, Melanin, Cell wall, Cadophora sp, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Biosynthesis, scytalone dehydratase-encoding gene, ddc:570, Leptodontidium sp, albino mutants, Original Research, tricyclazole, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Periconia macrospinosa, integumentary system, Abiotic stress, chemistry, Biochemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany, Scytalone dehydratase
Abstract

Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) represent a diverse group of root-endophytic fungi that have been isolated from plant roots in many different natural and anthropogenic ecosystems. Melanin is widespread in eukaryotic organisms and possesses various functions such as protecting human skin from UV radiation, affecting the virulence of pathogens, and playing a role in development and physiology of insects. Melanin is a distinctive feature of the cell walls of DSEs and has been thought to protect these fungi from abiotic stress. Melanin in DSEs is assumed to be synthesized via the 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) pathway. Its function in alleviation of salt stress is not yet known. The aims of this study were: (i) investigating the growth responses of three DSEs (Periconia macrospinosa, Cadophora sp., and Leptodontidium sp.) to salt stress, (ii) analyzing melanin production under salt stress and, (iii) testing the role of melanin in salt stress tolerance of DSEs. The study shows that the three DSE species can tolerate high salt concentrations. Melanin content increased in the hyphae of all DSEs at 100 mM salt, but decreased at 500 mM. This was not reflected in the RNA accumulation of the gene encoding scytalone dehydratase which is involved in melanin biosynthesis. The application of tricyclazole, a DHN-melanin biosynthesis inhibitor, did not affect either salt stress tolerance or the accumulation of sodium in the hyphae. In addition, melanin biosynthesis mutants of Leptodontidium sp. did not show decreased growth performance compared to the wild-type, especially not at high salt concentrations. This indicates that DSEs can live under salt stress and withstand these conditions regardless of melanin accumulation.

Published
2020
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16. Insect chemical ecology: chemically mediated interactions and novel applications in agriculture

Author

Siyang Xia, Anaїs K. Tallon, Crispus M Mbaluto, Paul G. Becher, Anna L. Erdei, William B. Walker, Alexandra G. Duffy, Magdolna Olívia Szelényi, Pascal M. Ayelo, Gabriela Caballero-Vidal, Urban Spitaler, Gonçalo A. Duarte, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), ICIPE, Brigham Young University (BYU), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Yale University [New Haven], Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Exploit, Research areas, Ecology (disciplines), Chemical ecology, Biology, Insect olfaction, Chemical communication, 01 natural sciences, throphic interactions, 03 medical and health sciences, Forum Paper, remote teaching, Semiochemicals, Agricultural Science, Plant defenses, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, semiochemicals, integrated pest management, Ecology, business.industry, chemical ecology, plant defences, Remote teaching, Integrated pest management, insect olfaction, 030104 developmental biology, Agriculture, Insect Science, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Engineering ethics, Research questions, Trophic interactions, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Forum Paper Insect chemical ecology (ICE) evolved as a discipline concerned with plant–insect interactions, and also with a strong focus on intraspecific pheromone-mediated communication. Progress in this field has rendered a more complete picture of how insects exploit chemical information in their surroundings in order to survive and navigate their world successfully. Simultaneously, this progress has prompted new research questions about the evolution of insect chemosensation and related ecological adaptations, molecular mechanisms that mediate commonly observed behaviors, and the consequences of chemically mediated interactions in different ecosystems. Themed meetings, workshops, and summer schools are ideal platforms for discussing scientific advancements as well as identifying gaps and challenges within the discipline. From the 11th to the 22nd of June 2018, the 11th annual PhD course in ICE was held at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) Alnarp, Sweden. The course was made up of 35 student participants from 22 nationalities (Fig. 1a) as well as 32 lecturers. Lectures and laboratory demonstrations were supported by literature seminars, and four broad research areas were covered: (1) multitrophic interactions and plant defenses, (2) chemical communication focusing on odor sensing, processing, and behavior, (3) disease vectors, and (4) applied aspects of basic ICE research in agriculture. This particular article contains a summary and brief synthesis of these main emergent themes and discussions from the ICE 2018 course. In addition, we also provide suggestions on teaching the next generation of ICE scientists, especially during unprecedented global situations info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2020
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17. Cressdnaviricota : a Virus Phylum Unifying Seven Families of Rep-Encoding Viruses with Single-Stranded, Circular DNA Genomes

Author

Eric Delwart, Mya Breitbart, F. Murilo Zerbini, Karyna Rosario, Yuri I. Wolf, Eugene V. Koonin, Mart Krupovic, Natalya Yutin, Valerian V. Dolja, Darius Kazlauskas, Jens H. Kuhn, Arvind Varsani, Balázs Harrach, Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris], School of Life Sciences [Tempe, USA], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences [Cape Town], University of Cape Town, Life Science Center [Vilnius], Vilnius University [Vilnius], College of Marine Science [St Petersburg, FL], University of South Florida [Tampa] (USF), Vitalant Research Institute [San Francisco], Department of Laboratory Medicine [San Francisco], University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California-University of California, National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University (OSU), Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), M.K. was supported by l’Agence Nationale de la Recherche (project ENVIRA, no. ANR-17-CE15-0005-01). E.V.K., Y.I.W., and N.Y. are supported by the Intramural Research Program of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine). B.H. was supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development, and Innovation Office (NN128309). This work was supported in part through the Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, prime contract with the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under contract no. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, under contract no. HHSN272201800013C., ANR-17-CE15-0005,ENVIRA,Remodelage de la membrane cytoplasmique par les virus enveloppés d'archées(2017), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), and Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV)

Subjects
Immunology, CRESS DNA viruses, Smacoviridae, Microbiology, Genome, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, Geminiviridae, virus classification, Letter to the Editor, Virus classification, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, Redondoviridae, Circoviridae, virus evolution, 0303 health sciences, International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), biology, 030306 microbiology, Phylum, Bacilladnaviridae, Genomoviridae, Nanoviridae, biology.organism_classification, Insect Science, Viral evolution, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING
Abstract

International audience; Letter to the Editor

Published
2020
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18. Unravelling the Role of Melanin in Cd and Zn Tolerance and Accumulation of Three Dark Septate Endophytic Species

Author

Gábor M. Kovács, Asfaw Zegeye, Corinne Leyval, Charlotte Berthelot, Dalia A. Gaber, Michel Chalot, Philipp Franken, Damien Blaudez, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Technique Interprofessionnel des Fruits et Légumes (CTIFL), Assiut University, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Faculté des Sciences et Technologies [Université de Lorraine] (FST ), Université de Lorraine (UL), Fachhochschule Erfurt [Erfurt], Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology [Budapest], Faculty of Sciences [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Faculty of Sciences [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), This work was supported by the LORVER project funded by the Région Grand-Est and the EuropeanRegional Development Fund (ERDF), by the Groupement d’Intérêt Scientifique sur les Friches Industrielles (GISFI),by the French Environment and Energy Management Agency [PROLIPHYT ADEME-1172C0053] and by theAgence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) under the Blanc International ANR-10-INTB-1703-01-BIOFILTREE project.The support by the ELTE Institutional Excellence Program supported by the National Research, Development andInnovation Oce (NKFIH-1157-8/2019-DT) is also acknowledged (GMK), ANR-10-INTB-1703,BIOFILTREE,Filtration biologique pour la réduction des éléments traces dans la biomasse des arbres(2010), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), and Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Hypha, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Phialophora mustea, Mutant, Microbiology, Article, Melanin, Cadophora sp, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Melanin synthesis, Virology, Leptodontidium sp, sulcotrione, lcsh:QH301-705.5, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, 030304 developmental biology, tricyclazole, 0303 health sciences, Strain (chemistry), integumentary system, kojic acid, 030306 microbiology, chemistry, lcsh:Biology (General), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Kojic acid, Leptodontidium, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract

Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) are often trace element (TE)-tolerant fungi and are abundant in TE-polluted environments. The production of melanin, a black polymer found in cell walls, was hypothesized by several authors to play a role in the TE tolerance of DSEs. To test this hypothesis, we established a series of experiments using albino strains and melanin inhibitors and examined the responses to Cd and Zn. Six DSEs belonging to genera Cadophora sp., Leptodontidium sp. and Phialophora mustea, were evaluated. The strains mainly produced 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin whereas 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanin melanin was also synthetized. Cd and Zn decreased melanin synthesis in most of the strains. A reduction in melanin concentration in hyphae through the use of tricyclazole, an inhibitor of DHN-melanin synthesis, did not reduce the tolerance of the strains to Cd and Zn. Similarly, albino mutants of Leptodontidium sp. were not more sensitive to Cd and Zn than the WT strain. Moreover, tricyclazole-treated colonies accumulated less Cd but more Zn compared to untreated colonies. The Cd and Zn contents of Leptodontidium albino strains were variable and similar to that of the WT. The results suggest that melanin production is not an important functional trait that contributes to Cd and Zn tolerance, but might contribute to Cd accumulation.

Published
2020
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19. Identification of a major QTL and associated molecular marker for high arabinoxylan fibre in white wheat flour

Author

Kirsty L. Hassall, Marianna Rakszegi, Till K. Pellny, Michelle Leverington Waite, Alison Lovegrove, Amy Plummer, Abigail J. Wood, Luzie U. Wingen, Ondrej Kosik, Gilles Charmet, Rowan A. C. Mitchell, Peter R. Shewry, Karolina Tremmel-Bede, M.R. Perretant, Caroline Pont, Amanda J. Burridge, Zoltán Bedő, Simon Orford, Jackie Freeman, Simon Griffiths, Mehmet Ülker, Diana Passmore, Jérôme Salse, Rothamsted Research, John Innes Centre [Norwich], Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey, Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Bristol [Bristol], and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Germplasm, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Flour, Physical Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Materials Physics, Arabinoxylan, Medicine and Health Sciences, Food science, Cultivar, Triticum, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Viscosity, Physics, Eukaryota, Chromosome Mapping, food and beverages, Genomics, Bread, Plants, Chemistry, Wheat, Physical Sciences, Medicine, Xylans, Research Article, Genetic Markers, Science, Materials Science, Quantitative Trait Loci, Population, Wheat flour, Quantitative trait locus, Biology, Research and Analysis Methods, Chromosomes, Plant, Transgressive segregation, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, Genome-Wide Association Studies, Grasses, Molecular Biology Techniques, education, Molecular Biology, Alleles, Crosses, Genetic, Nutrition, 030304 developmental biology, Gene Mapping, fungi, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Computational Biology, Reproducibility of Results, Human Genetics, Genome Analysis, Diet, Chemical Properties, chemistry, Food, Genetic Loci, Genetic marker, Lod Score, Genome-Wide Association Study, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Dietary fibre (DF) has multiple health benefits and wheat grains are major sources of DF for human health. However, DF is depleted in white wheat flour which is more widely consumed than wholegrain. The major DF component in white flour is the cell wall polysaccharide arabinoxylan (AX). We have identified the Chinese wheat cultivar Yumai 34 as having unusually high contents of AX in both water-soluble and insoluble forms. We have therefore used populations generated from crosses between Yumai 34 and four other wheat cultivars, three with average contents of AX (Ukrainka, Altigo and Claire) and one also having unusually high AX (Valoris), in order to map QTLs for soluble AX (determined as relative viscosity of aqueous extracts of wholemeal flours) and total AX (determined by enzyme fingerprinting of white flour). A number of QTL were mapped, but most were only detected in one or two crosses. However, all four crosses showed strong QTLs for high RV/total AX on chromosome 1B, with Yumai 34 being the increasing parent, and a KASP marker for the Yumai 34 high AX allele was validated by analysis of high AX lines derived from Yumai 34 but selected by biochemical analysis. A QTL for RV was also mapped on chromosome 6B in Yumai 34 x Valoris, with Valoris being the increasing allele, which is consistent with the observation of transgressive segregation for this population. Association studies in an independent germplasm panel identified marker trait associations for relative viscosity in these same locations while direct selection for fibre content in breeding resulted in high levels of enrichment for the Yumai 34 1B allele. The data therefore indicate that marker-assisted breeding can be used to develop wheat with high AX fibre in white flour.

Published
2020
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20. Binomial nomenclature for virus species: a consultation

Author

Siddell, Stuart G, Walker, Peter J, Lefkowitz, Elliot J, Mushegian, Arcady R, Dutilh, Bas E, Harrach, Balázs, Harrison, Robert L, Junglen, Sandra, Knowles, Nick J, Kropinski, Andrew M, Krupovic, Mart, Kuhn, Jens H, Nibert, Max L, Rubino, Luisa, Sabanadzovic, Sead, Simmonds, Peter, Varsani, Arvind, Zerbini, Francisco Murilo, Davison, Andrew J, Sub Bioinformatics, Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine [Bristol] (CellModMed), University of Bristol [Bristol], School of Biological Sciences [Brisbane], University of Queensland [Brisbane], University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences [Alexandria, USA] (MCB), National Science Foundation [Arlington] (NSF), Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics [Utrecht, The Netherlands], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory [Beltsville, USA], USDA Agricultural Research Service [Beltsville, Maryland], USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service-USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), The Pirbright Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), University of Guelph, Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Blavatnik Institute [Boston], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), CNR Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology [Mstate, USA] (BCH-EPP), Mississippi State University [Mississippi], Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine [Oxford], University of Oxford, School of Life Sciences [Tempe, USA], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Departamento de Fitopatologia [Viçosa, Brazil] (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), MRC - University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, A.D. is supported by Medical Research Council programme Grant MC_UU_12014/3. B.E.D. is supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Vidi Grant 864.14.004. B.H. is supported by National Research, Development and Innovation Office–NKFIH, NN128309. N.J.K. is funded by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), UK (Grant no. SE2944), work at the Pirbright Institute is supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) (BB/E/I/00007035, BB/E/I/00007036 and BBS/E/I/00007037). J.H.K is supported through Battelle Memorial Institute’s prime contract with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract no. HHSN272200700016I. S.S. acknowledges partial financial support from Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), Mississippi State University., The authors acknowledge the contribution of ICTV Life Member, Dr. Mike Adams, to previous discussions on the need for a standard binomial nomenclature for virus species., Institute for Animal Health, the Pirbright Institute, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of Oxford [Oxford], Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), Sub Bioinformatics, and Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics

Subjects
Library science, Biology, MESH: Terminology as Topic, Binomial species names, Executive committee, International committee on taxonomy of viruses (ICTV), 03 medical and health sciences, Virology Division News, Terminology as Topic, Virology, Tumours of the digestive tract Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 14], Nomenclature, Virus classification, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, Binomial nomenclature, Virus taxonomy, Species nomenclature, General Medicine, Classification, MESH: Viruses/classification, Viruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Taxonomy (biology), MESH: Classification/methods
Abstract

Erratum in : Correction to: Binomial nomenclature for virus species: a consultation. [Arch Virol. 2020]; International audience; The Executive Committee of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) recognizes the need for a standardized nomenclature for virus species. This article sets out the case for establishing a binomial nomenclature and presents the advantages and disadvantages of different naming formats. The Executive Committee understands that adopting a binomial system would have major practical consequences, and invites comments from the virology community before making any decisions to change the existing nomenclature. The Executive Committee will take account of these comments in deciding whether to approve a standardized binomial system at its next meeting in October 2020. Note that this system would relate only to the formal names of virus species and not to the names of viruses.

Published
2020
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21. The new scope of virus taxonomy: partitioning the virosphere into 15 hierarchical ranks

Author

Peter Simmonds, Hélène Sanfaçon, Balázs Harrach, Nick J. Knowles, Arvind Varsani, Peter J. Walker, Andrew J. Davison, Arcady Mushegian, Michael J. Adams, Sead Sabanadzovic, F. Murilo Zerbini, Alexander E. Gorbalenya, Elliot J. Lefkowitz, Max L. Nibert, Mart Krupovic, Andrew M. Kropinski, Luisa Rubino, Andrew M. Q. King, Stuart G. Siddell, Jens H. Kuhn, Bas E. Dutilh, Robert L. Harrison, Sandra Junglen, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris], National Science Foundation [Arlington] (NSF), University of Guelph, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine [Bristol] (CellModMed), University of Bristol [Bristol], Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics [ASU, Tempe], School of Life Sciences [Tempe, USA], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU)-Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Chercheur indépendant, MRC - University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Theoretical Biology & Bioinformatics [Utrecht], University Medical Center [Utrecht], Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory [Beltsville, USA], United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-USDA Agricultural Research Service [Beltsville, Maryland], USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service-USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Institute for Animal Health, the Pirbright Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), Blavatnik Institute [Boston], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Mississippi State University [Mississippi], Agriculture and Agri-Food [Ottawa] (AAFC), Nuffield Department of Medicine [Oxford, UK] (Big Data Institute), University of Oxford [Oxford], School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences [Brisbane], University of Queensland [Brisbane], Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), A.E.G. was a Leiden University Fund (LUF) Professor. His work was supported by the EU Horizon 2020 EVAg 653316 project and the LUMC MoBiLe program. A.R.M. is a Program Director at the US National Science Foundation (NSF). His work on this project was not performed while acting in an official NSF capacity, and the statements and opinions expressed herein do not constitute the endorsement of NSF or the Government of the United States. B.E.D. was supported by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) Vidi (grant no. 864.14.004). A.J.D. is supported by the Medical Research Council (grant no. MC_UU_12014/3). B.H. was supported by National Scientific Research Fund (grant no. NN128309). S.S. is supported by the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES) and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494. This work was supported in part through the prime contract of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under contract no. HHSN272201800013C and Battelle Memorial Institute’s former prime contract with NIAID under contract no. HHSN272200700016I. J.H.K. performed this work as a former employee of Battelle Memorial Institute and a current employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, under contract no. HHSN272201800013C. The mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer., Universiteit Leiden, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), The Pirbright Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), CNR Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Agriculture and Agri-Food (AAFC), University of Oxford, and Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Genes, Viral, Cellular organisms, Classification and taxonomy, viruses, Immunology, virus, Herpesvirus 1, Human, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, Communicable Diseases, Virus, Evolution, Molecular, Microbial ecology, network analyses, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, Tumours of the digestive tract Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 14], Genetics, medicine, Humans, Virus classification, virosphere, 030304 developmental biology, Taxonomy, virus evolution, metagenomics, macroevolution, 0303 health sciences, Ebola virus, Ecology, 030306 microbiology, Comparative genomics, Consensus Statement, phylogenomics, Cell Biology, Classification, Ebolavirus, phylogenetics, Genetic divergence, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, Evolutionary biology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Viruses, Infectious diseases, Taxonomy (biology), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Abstract

Virus taxonomy emerged as a discipline in the middle of the twentieth century. Traditionally, classification by virus taxonomists has been focussed on the grouping of relatively closely related viruses. However, during the past few years, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has recognized that the taxonomy it develops can be usefully extended to include the basal evolutionary relationships among distantly related viruses. Consequently, the ICTV has changed its Code to allow a 15-rank classification hierarchy that closely aligns with the Linnaean taxonomic system and may accommodate the entire spectrum of genetic divergence in the virosphere. The current taxonomies of three human pathogens, Ebola virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and herpes simplex virus 1 are used to illustrate the impact of the expanded rank structure. This new rank hierarchy of virus taxonomy will stimulate further research on virus origins and evolution, and vice versa, and could promote crosstalk with the taxonomies of cellular organisms., Here, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses describe a new, expanded virus classification scheme with 15 ranks that closely aligns with the Linnaean taxonomic system and better encompasses viral diversity.

Published
2019
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22. Changes to virus taxonomy and the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2019)

Author

Walker, Peter J, Siddell, Stuart G, Lefkowitz, Elliot J, Mushegian, Arcady R, Dempsey, Donald M, Dutilh, Bas E, Harrach, Balázs, Harrison, Robert L, Hendrickson, R Curtis, Junglen, Sandra, Knowles, Nick J, Kropinski, Andrew M, Krupovic, Mart, Kuhn, Jens H, Nibert, Max, Rubino, Luisa, Sabanadzovic, Sead, Simmonds, Peter, Varsani, Arvind, Zerbini, Francisco Murilo, Davison, Andrew J, Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Sub Bioinformatics, School of Biological Sciences [Brisbane], University of Queensland [Brisbane], School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine [Bristol] (CellModMed), University of Bristol [Bristol], University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), National Science Foundation [Arlington] (NSF), Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics [Nijmegen, the Netherlands] (CMBI), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Nijmegen, the Netherlands], Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory [Beltsville, USA], USDA Agricultural Research Service [Beltsville, Maryland], USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service-USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Institute for Animal Health, the Pirbright Institute, University of Guelph, Département de Microbiologie - Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Mississippi State University [Mississippi], University of Oxford [Oxford], Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics [ASU, Tempe], School of Life Sciences [Tempe, USA], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU)-Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), MRC - University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, This work was supported in part through Battelle Memorial Institute’s prime contract with the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272200700016I (J.H.K.). N.J.K. is partially supported by core funding provided by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK. B.E.D. is supported by Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Vidi Grant 864.14.004. B.H. is partially supported by National Research, Development and Innovation Office–NKFIH, NN128309. A.J.D. is supported by the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12014/3). S.S. acknowledges partial support from Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), Mississippi State University., Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Sub Bioinformatics, The Pirbright Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of Oxford, and Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV)

Subjects
MESH: Viruses/genetics, MESH: Terminology as Topic, viruses, Coronacrisis-Taverne, virus, MESH: Committee Membership, 03 medical and health sciences, ICTV, Terminology as Topic, Virology, Tumours of the digestive tract Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 14], 030304 developmental biology, Taxonomy, MESH: Virology/organization & administration, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, MESH: Virology/standards, General Medicine, 3. Good health, MESH: Viruses/classification, Viruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Committee Membership, RNA, Viral, MESH: Viruses/isolation & purification, MESH: RNA, Viral/genetics
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 208598.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) This article reports the changes to virus taxonomy approved and ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) in February 2019. Of note, in addition to seven new virus families, the ICTV has approved, by an absolute majority, the creation of the realm Riboviria, a likely monophyletic group encompassing all viruses with positive-strand, negative-strand and double-strand genomic RNA that use cognate RNA-directed RNA polymerases for replication.

Published
2019
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23. VERNALIZATION1 controls developmental responses of winter wheat under high ambient temperatures

Author

Vincent Allard, Tibor Kiss, Nikolai M. Adamski, Simon Griffiths, Zhenshan Liu, Yiliang Ding, Laura E. Dixon, Scott A. Boden, Ildikó Karsai, Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre [Norwich], Department of Molecular Breeding, Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv]-Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBS/E/J/000PR9779, BB/P016855/1), the Royal Society (UF150081), and the International Wheat Yield Partnership (IWYP76), Department of Crop Genetics [Norwich], Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Tel Aviv University (TAU)-Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), and Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Winter wheat, Biology, Flowering time, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, blé, wheat, température, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Stage specific, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, photoperiodism, 0303 health sciences, flowering, floraison, fungi, Temperature, food and beverages, Vernalization, eye diseases, Horticulture, Vernalization response, sense organs, Research Article, 010606 plant biology & botany, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Low temperatures are required to regulate the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth via a pathway called vernalization. In wheat, vernalization predominantly involves the cold upregulation of the floral activator VERNALIZATION1 (VRN1). Here, we have used an extreme vernalization response, identified through studying ambient temperature responses, to reveal the complexity of temperature inputs into VRN-A1, with allelic inter-copy variation at a gene expansion of VRN-A1 modulating these effects. We find that the repressors of the reproductive transition, VERNALIZATION2 (VRN2) and ODDSOC2, are re-activated when plants experience high temperatures during and after vernalization. In addition, this re-activation is regulated by photoperiod for VRN2 but was independent of photoperiod for ODDSOC2. We also find this warm temperature interruption affects flowering time and floret number and is stage specific. This research highlights the important balance between floral activators and repressors in coordinating the response of a plant to temperature, and that the absence of warmth is essential for the completion of vernalization. This knowledge can be used to develop agricultural germplasm with more predictable vernalization responses that will be more resilient to variable growth temperatures., Highlighted Article: Analysis of the flowering and growth responses of a range of Triticum aestivum cultivars to warmer growth temperatures reveals an additional layer of temperature regulation in the vernalization response pathway.

Published
2019
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24. Tracing the ancestry of modern bread wheats

Author

David Armisen, Jérôme Salse, Luigi Cattivelli, Daniela Bustos-Korts, Alessandro Tondelli, Darren Waite, Daniel Lang, Fred A. van Eeuwijk, Gilles Charmet, Thomas Letellier, Manuel Spannagl, Sarah Dyer, Jacob Lage, Nils Stein, Michael Alaux, Robbie Waugh, Thibault Leroy, Joanne Russell, Hakan Özkan, Caroline Pont, François Balfourier, Beat Keller, Benjamin Kilian, Klaus F. X. Mayer, Nadia Goué, Michael Seidel, Wandrille Duchemin, Georg Haberer, Márta Molnár-Láng, Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Bolivie]), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), PGSB, Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria = Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Biometris, Applied Statistics, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Agricultural Institute [Budapest] (ATK MGI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), KWS UK Ltd, Global Crop Diversity Trust, Earlham Institute, National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB), Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), The James Hutton Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Helmholtz Center Munich, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), University of Çukurova, University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population genetics, Biology, Wiskundige en Statistische Methoden - Biometris, Domestication, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, blé, Exome Sequencing, Genetic variation, Genetics, Life Science, Cultivar, Plant breeding, évolution, paleo-génomique, Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris, Phylogeny, Triticum, Selection (genetic algorithm), Exome sequencing, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Models, Genetic, génome, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Genetic Variation, food and beverages, Bread, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, Plant Breeding, Biometris, Evolutionary biology, Adaptation, Genome, Plant, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

PubMedID: 31043760 For more than 10,000 years, the selection of plant and animal traits that are better tailored for human use has shaped the development of civilizations. During this period, bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) emerged as one of the world’s most important crops. We use exome sequencing of a worldwide panel of almost 500 genotypes selected from across the geographical range of the wheat species complex to explore how 10,000 years of hybridization, selection, adaptation and plant breeding has shaped the genetic makeup of modern bread wheats. We observe considerable genetic variation at the genic, chromosomal and subgenomic levels, and use this information to decipher the likely origins of modern day wheats, the consequences of range expansion and the allelic variants selected since its domestication. Our data support a reconciled model of wheat evolution and provide novel avenues for future breeding improvement. © 2019, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc. 339728 Kyoto University California Department of Fish and Game: SFB924 Wageningen UR University of Dundee 2819103915 Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes European Research Council 23000816 SRESRI 2015 Seventh Framework Programme: FP7-613556, FP7/ 2007–2013 23000892 SYMBIOSE 2016 Agence Nationale de la Recherche: 14-CE02-0002 Çukurova Üniversitesi: FUA-2016–6033 The authors wish to thank the INRA Biological Resources Center on small grain cereals (https://www6.ara.inra.fr/umr1095_eng/Teams/Research/Biological-Resources-Centre) for providing seeds and passport data, and for establishing a wheat biorepository. The authors thank the Federal ex situ Genbank Gatersleben, Germany (IPK), the N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Industry, Russia (VIR), Centre for Genetic Resources, WUR, Netherlands (CGN), Kyoto University, National Bioresource Project, Japan (NBRP), the Australian Winter Cereal Collection Tamworth, Australia (AWCC), the National Plant Germplasm System, USA (USDA-ARS), the International Center for Agriculture Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research Cologne, Germany (MPIPZ), Germplasm Resource Unit at the John Innes Centre UK (JIC) and the Wheat and Barley Legacy for Breeding Improvement (WHEALBI) consortium for providing plant material and passport data. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/ 2007–2013) under grant agreement FP7-613556, Whealbi project (http://www.whealbi.eu/project/). R.W. and J.R. also acknowledge support from the Scottish Government Research Program and R.W. from the University of Dundee. H.O. acknowledges support from Çukurova University (FUA-2016–6033). K.F.X.M. acknowledges support from the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (2819103915) and the DFG (SFB924). T.L. acknowledges supports from the Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (BirdIslandGenomic project 14-CE02-0002), European Research Council (TREEPEACE project, grant agreement 339728) and the bioinformatics platform from Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées (Bioinfo Genotoul) for providing computing and storage resources. J.S. acknowledges support from the Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and FEDER Fonds Européens de Développement Régional (23000816 SRESRI 2015), the CPER contrat de plan État-région (23000892 SYMBIOSE 2016) and AgreenSkills fellowship (applicant ID 4146).

Published
2019
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25. Development and analysis of the Soil Water Infiltration Global database

Author

M. Rahmati, L. Weihermüller, J. Vanderborght, Y. A. Pachepsky, L. Mao, S. H. Sadeghi, N. Moosavi, H. Kheirfam, C. Montzka, K. Van Looy, B. Toth, Z. Hazbavi, W. Al Yamani, A. A. Albalasmeh, M. Z. Alghzawi, R. Angulo-Jaramillo, A. C. D. Antonino, G. Arampatzis, R. A. Armindo, H. Asadi, Y. Bamutaze, J. Batlle-Aguilar, B. Béchet, F. Becker, G. Blöschl, K. Bohne, I. Braud, C. Castellano, A. Cerdà, M. Chalhoub, R. Cichota, M. Císlerová, B. Clothier, Y. Coquet, W. Cornelis, C. Corradini, A. P. Coutinho, M. B. de Oliveira, J. R. de Macedo, M. F. Durães, H. Emami, I. Eskandari, A. Farajnia, A. Flammini, N. Fodor, M. Gharaibeh, M. H. Ghavimipanah, T. A. Ghezzehei, S. Giertz, E. G. Hatzigiannakis, R. Horn, J. J. Jiménez, D. Jacques, S. D. Keesstra, H. Kelishadi, M. Kiani-Harchegani, M. Kouselou, M. Kumar Jha, L. Lassabatere, X. Li, M. A. Liebig, L. Lichner, M. V. López, D. Machiwal, D. Mallants, M. S. Mallmann, J. D. de Oliveira Marques, M. R. Marshall, J. Mertens, F. Meunier, M. H. Mohammadi, B. P. Mohanty, M. Pulido-Moncada, S. Montenegro, R. Morbidelli, D. Moret-Fernández, A. A. Moosavi, M. R. Mosaddeghi, S. B. Mousavi, H. Mozaffari, K. Nabiollahi, M. R. Neyshabouri, M. V. Ottoni, T. B. Ottoni Filho, M. R. Pahlavan-Rad, A. Panagopoulos, S. Peth, P.-E. Peyneau, T. Picciafuoco, J. Poesen, M. Pulido, D. J. Reinert, S. Reinsch, M. Rezaei, F. P. Roberts, D. Robinson, J. Rodrigo-Comino, O. C. Rotunno Filho, T. Saito, H. Suganuma, C. Saltalippi, R. Sándor, B. Schütt, M. Seeger, N. Sepehrnia, E. Sharifi Moghaddam, M. Shukla, S. Shutaro, R. Sorando, A. A. Stanley, P. Strauss, Z. Su, R. Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi, E. Taguas, W. G. Teixeira, A. R. Vaezi, M. Vafakhah, T. Vogel, I. Vogeler, J. Votrubova, S. Werner, T. Winarski, D. Yilmaz, M. H. Young, S. Zacharias, Y. Zeng, Y. Zhao, H. Zhao, H. Vereecken, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences [Jülich] (IBG), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, ISMC International Soil Modeling Consortium, Institute of Bio and Geosciences Forschungszentrum Jülich, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran], Urmia University, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Pannonia, UAE University, Jordan University of Science and Technology [Irbid, Jordan], Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro Acadêmico do Agreste (CAA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] (UFPE), Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Soil and Water Resources Institute, Department of Physics (DFI), Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), University of Tehran, Makerere University (MAK), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Innovative Groundwater Solutions, Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay, Eau et Environnement (IFSTTAR/GERS/EE), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Department of Earth Sciences, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Centre for Water Resource Systems, Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, University of Technology, University of Rostock [Germany], Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (CSIC), Universitat de València (UV), Mount Albert Research Station, New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU), The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research (NEW ZEALAND), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering of the University of Perugia, Italy, Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), UniRedentor University Center, Embrapa Solos, Ministério da Agricultura, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization Maragheh, Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education center, Scientific Member of Soil and Water Research Department, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Geographisches Institut, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), ARAID Researcher, Spanish National Research Council (IPE-CSIC), Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología-CSIC (IPE-CSIC), Enginereed and Geosystems Analysis Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Soil, Water and Land Use Team, Wageningen Environmental Researc, Civil, Surveying and Environmental Engineering, University of Newcastle [Australia] (UoN), Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Research Soil Scientist, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Slovak Academy of Science [Bratislava] (SAS), Departamento de Suelo y Agua, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Pomology Department, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, Regional Research Station, ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, CSIRO Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Soil Science Graduate Program (ufsm.br/ppgcs), Federal University of Santa Maria, Science and Technology of the Amazonas – IFAM, Federal Institute of Education, Environment Centre Wales, Bangor University, ENGIE, Earth and Life Institute - Environmental Sciences (ELIE), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Department of Environmental Sciences, Urmia Lake Research Institute, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, 2117 TAMU, College Station, Texas A&M University System, Department of Agroecology, Research Centre Foulum, Aarhus University, Shiraz University (Shiraz University ), University of Kurdistan, University of Tabriz, Department of Hydrology, Geological Survey of Brazil (CPRM), Department of Water Resources and Environment, Soil and Water Research Department, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Leuven-Heverlee], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), GeoEnvironmental Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, University of Extremadura, Soil Science Department, University of Panonia, Department of Soil Management, UNESCO Chair on Eremology, Ghent University, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran, Soil and Water Research Institute, Instituto de Geomorfología y Suelos, Department of Geography, Universidad de Málaga [Málaga], Department of Physical Geography, Trier University, Civil Engineering Program, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research in Engineering (COPPE), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Faculty of Agriculture, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Department of Materials and Life Science, Seikei University, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg (GU), Rural Development Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), RiverLy (UR Riverly), Department of Agricultural and Bio-Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Federal Agency for Water Management, Institute for land and water management research, Department of Water Resources, ITC Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, Twente University, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Department of Rural Engineering, University of Córdoba, Soil Physics, Embrapa Soils, Department of Soil Science, Agriculture Faculty, University of Zanja, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Geography, Escuela Militar de Ingeniería (EMI), Engineering Faculty, Civil Engineering Department, Munzur University, Bureau of Economic Geology, John A. and Katherine G. Jackson School of Geosciences, University Station, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, ANR-11-BS56-0027,FLOODSCALE,Observation et modélisation multi-échelles pour la compréhension et la simulation des crues éclair(2011), ANR-07-VULN-0001,AVUPUR,Assessing the Vulnerability of Peri-Urban-Rivers.(2007), MEHDI RAHMATI, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran/Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany, LUTZ WEIHERMÜLLER, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany, SEYED HAMIDREZA SADEGHI, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, LILI MAO, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, YAKOV A. PACHEPSKY, USDA-ARS Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, JAN VANDERBORGHT, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany, NILOOFAR MOOSAVI, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany, HOSSEIN KHEIRFAM, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, CARSTEN MONTZKA, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany, KRIS VAN LOOY, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany, ZEINAB HAZBAVI, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, BRIGITTA TOTH, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary/University of Pannonia, Keszthely, Hungary, WAFA AL YAMANI, Environment Agency, Abu Dhabi, UAE, AMMAR A. ALBALASMEH, Jordan University of Science and Technology, RAFAEL ANGULO-JARAMILLO, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, ANTÔNIO CELSO DANTAS ANTONINO, UFPE, GEORGE ARAMPATZIS, Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Soil and Water Resources Institute, Greece, ROBSON ANDRÉ ARMINDO, UFLA, HOSSEIN ASADI, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran, YAZIDHI BAMUTAZE, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, JORDI BATLLE-AGUILAR, INRA, AgroParisTech Thiverval-Grignon, France/IDES CNRS/Université Paris-Sud, Orsay CEDEX/Innovative Groundwater Solutions (IGS), South Australia, Australia, BÉATRICE BÉCHET, IFSTTAR, GERS, France, MA'IN Z. ALGHZAWI, Jordan University of Science and Technology, FABIAN BECKER, Freie Universität Berlin, BRENT CLOTHIER, Plant and Food Research, Palmerston North, New Zealand, WIM CORNELIS, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, CORRADO CORRADINI, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO, UFPE, MURIEL BASTISTA DE OLIVEIRA, UniRedentor, Itaperuna, JOSE RONALDO DE MACEDO, CNPS, MATHEUS FONSECA DURÃES, UFLA, NÁNDOR FODOR, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, GÜNTER BLÖSCHL, Centre for Water Resource Systems, TU Wien, Karlsplatz/Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, ALESSIA FLAMMINI, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, ASGHAR FARAJNIA, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Iran, IRAJ ESKANDARI, Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization Maragheh, East Azerbaijan, Iran, HOJAT EMAMI, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, KLAUS BOHNE, University of Rostock, Germany, ISABELLE BRAUD, Irstea, UE RiverLy, Lyon-Villeurbanne Center, France, CLARA CASTELLANO, Pyrenean Institute of Ecology-CSIC, ARTEMI CERDÀ, University of Valencia, Spain, MAHA CHALHOUB, INRA AgroParisTech Functional Ecology and Ecotoxicology of Agroecosystems, ROGERIO CICHOTA, Plant and Food Research, Mount Albert Research Station, Auckland, New Zealand, MILENA CÍSLEROVÁ, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, YVES COQUET, INRA AgroParisTech Functional Ecology and Ecotoxicology of Agroecosystems/Université d'Orléans, CNRS, Orléans, France, HAMID KELISHADI, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran, RAINER HORN, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Germany, EVANGELOS G. HATZIGIANNAKIS, Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Soil and Water Resources Institute, Greece, SIMONE GIERTZ, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany, TEAMRAT A. GHEZZEHEI, University of California, Merced, USA, MOHAMAD HOSSEIN GHAVIMIPANAH, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, MAMOUN GHARAIBEH, Jordan University of Science and Technology, JUAN JOSÉ JIMÉNEZ, ARAID Researcher, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Spanish National Research Council, SASKIA DEBORAH KEESSTRA, Soil, Water and Land Use Team, Wageningen Environmental Research/the University of Newcastle, Australia, DIEDERIK JACQUES, Enginereed and Geosystems Analysis Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Mol, Belgium, MAHBOOBEH KIANI-HARCHEGANI, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, MEHDI KOUSELOU, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran, MADAN KUMAR JHA, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India, LAURENT LASSABATERE, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, Vaulx-en-Velin, France, XIAOYAN LI, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China, MARK A. LIEBIG, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Mandan, ND, USA, DENIZ YILMAZ, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey, MICHAEL H. YOUNG, University of Texas at Austin, University Station, USA, HONG ZHAO, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands, HARRY VEREECKEN, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany/ISMC International Soil Modeling Consortium, Institute of Bio and Geosciences Forschungszentrum, Germany., MARÍA VICTORIA LÓPEZ, Departamento de Suelo y Agua, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain, DEEPESH MACHIWAL, ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Gujarat, India, DIRK MALLANTS, CSIRO Land and Water, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia, MICAEL STOLBEN MALLMANN, UFSM, JEAN DALMO DE OLIVEIRA MARQUES, IFAM, MILES R. MARSHALL, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, UK, JAN MERTENS, ENGIE Research and Technologies, Brussels, Belgium, FÉLICIEN MEUNIER, Université catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute-Environmental Sciences, Louvain-la Neuve, Belgium, MOHAMMAD HOSSEIN MOHAMMADI, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran, BINAYAK P. MOHANTY, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, USA, MANSONIA PULIDO-MONCADA, Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Research Centre Foulum, Tjele, Denmark, SUZANA MONTENEGRO, UFPE, RENATO MORBIDELLI, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, DAVID MORET-FERNÁNDEZ, Departamento de Suelo y Agua, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Spain, ALI AKBAR MOOSAVI, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, MOHAMMAD REZA MOSADDEGHI, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran, SEYED BAHMAN MOUSAVI, Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran, HASAN MOZAFFARI, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, KAMAL NABIOLLAHI, Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Iran, MOHAMMAD REZA NEYSHABOURI, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, MARTA VASCONCELOS OTTONI, CPRM, THEOPHILO BENEDICTO OTTONI FILHO, UFRJ, MOHAMMAD REZA PAHLAVAN-RAD, Soil and Water Research Department, Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Zabol, Iran, ANDREAS PANAGOPOULOS, Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Soil and Water Resources Institute, Greece, STEPHAN PETH, Department of Soil Science, University of Kassel, Germany, PIERRE-EMMANUEL PEYNEAU, IFSTTAR, Bouguenais, France, TOMMASO PICCIAFUOCO, Centre for Water Resource Systems, Vienna, Austria/University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, JEAN POESEN, Catholic University of Leuven, Geo-Institute, Belgium, MANUEL PULIDO, GeoEnvironmental Research Group, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain, DALVAN JOSÉ REINERT, UFSM, SABINE REINSCH, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, UK, MEISAM REZAEI, Department of Soil Management, UNESCO Chair on Eremology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium/Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran, FRANCIS PARRY ROBERTS, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, UK, DAVID ROBINSON, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, UK, JESÚS RODRIGO-COMINO, University of Málaga, Spain/Trier University, Trier, Germany, OTTO CORRÊA ROTUNNO FILHO, UFRJ, TADAOMI SAITO, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Japan, HIDEKI SUGANUMA, Seikei University, Tokyo, Japan, CARLA SALTALIPPI, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, RENÁTA SÁNDOR, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary, BRIGITTA SCHÜTT, Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Earth Sciences, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Berlin, Germany, MANUEL SEEGER, Department of Physical Geography, Trier University, Germany, NASROLLAH SEPEHRNIA, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran, EHSAN SHARIFI MOGHADDAM, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, MANOJ SHUKLA, Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA, SHIRAKI SHUTARO, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Science, Rural Development Division, Tsukuba, Japan, RICARDO SORANDO, Irstea, UE RiverLy, Lyon-Villeurbanne Center, France, AJAYI ASISHANA STANLEY, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria, PETER STRAUSS, Institute for Land and Water Management Research, Federal Agency for Water Management, Austria, ZHONGBO SU, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands, RUHOLLAH TAGHIZADEH-MEHRJARDI, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Yazd Province, Iran, ENCARNACIÓN TAGUAS, University of Córdoba, Spain, WENCESLAU GERALDES TEIXEIRA, CNPS, ALI REZA VAEZI, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran, MEHDI VAFAKHAH, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, YING ZHAO, Ludong University, China, YIJIAN ZENG, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands, STEFFEN ZACHARIAS, UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environment Research, Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Leipzig, Germany, LUBOMÍR LICHNER, Institute of Hydrology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia, TOMAS VOGEL, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Republic, IRIS VOGELER, Plant and Food Research, Mount Albert Research Station, Auckland, New Zealand, JANA VOTRUBOVA, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Republic, STEFFEN WERNER, Department of Geography, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany, THIERRY WINARSKI, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, Vaulx-en-Velin, France, Jülich Research Centre, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Czech Science Foundation, Slovak Research and Development Agency, Rahmati, Mehdi, López Sánchez, María Victoria, Moret-Fernández, David, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Rahmati, Mehdi [0000-0001-5547-6442], López Sánchez, María Victoria [0000-0003-4113-0381], Moret-Fernández, David [0000-0002-6674-0453], Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter (HAO Demeter), Makerere University [Kampala, Ouganda] (MAK), University of Rostock, Plant & Food Research, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University [Blacksburg], Beijing Normal University (BNU), Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], Programa de Engenharia Civil (COC/COPPE-UFRJ), Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia (COPPE-UFRJ), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)-Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ahmadu Bello University, Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), College of Resources and Environmental Engineering [Yantai], Department of Water Resources, UT-I-ITC-WCC, and Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation

Subjects
Condutividade Hidráulica, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0208 environmental biotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, Silt, computer.software_genre, Soil, RING INFILTROMETERS, 900 Geschichte und Geografie::910 Geografie, Reisen::910 Geografie, Reisen, Hydraulic conductivity, ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY, Agricultural land, ddc:550, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY, Geosciences, Multidisciplinary, database, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, lcsh:GE1-350, Database, IN-SITU, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Geology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, PE&RC, Pedo-transfer functions, 6. Clean water, Infiltration (hydrology), HYDROPHYSICAL PARAMETERS, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences, INFILTRATION GLOBAL DATABASE, Hidrologia, PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES, SANDY SOIL, TENSION INFILTROMETER, Ecology and Environment, Pedotransfer function, PEDOTRANSFER FUNCTIONS, Life Science, SOIL INFILTRATION MEASUREMENTS, Land surface models, Soil Water Infiltration Global database, ANALYSIS OF THE SOIL WATER, Science & Technology, Land use, Infiltration, 15. Life on land, 020801 environmental engineering, Infiltração, lcsh:Geology, Solo, Infiltration, Land surface models, Land use, Pedo-transfer functions, SWIG, Agriculture and Soil Science, Data quality, ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE, Earth and Environmental Sciences, INFILTROMETER MEASUREMENTS, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Hydrology, ITC-GOLD, computer
Abstract

27 Pags.- 11 Tabls.- 8 Figs. © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License., In this paper, we present and analyze a novel global database of soil infiltration measurements, the Soil Water Infiltration Global (SWIG) database. In total, 5023 infiltration curves were collected across all continents in the SWIG database. These data were either provided and quality checked by the scientists who performed the experiments or they were digitized from published articles. Data from 54 different countries were included in the database with major contributions from Iran, China, and the USA. In addition to its extensive geographical coverage, the collected infiltration curves cover research from 1976 to late 2017. Basic information on measurement location and method, soil properties, and land use was gathered along with the infiltration data, making the database valuable for the development of pedotransfer functions (PTFs) for estimating soil hydraulic properties, for the evaluation of infiltration measurement methods, and for developing and validating infiltration models. Soil textural information (clay, silt, and sand content) is available for 3842 out of 5023 infiltration measurements ( ∼ 76%) covering nearly all soil USDA textural classes except for the sandy clay and silt classes. Information on land use is available for 76 % of the experimental sites with agricultural land use as the dominant type (∼ 40%). We are convinced that the SWIG database will allow for a better parameterization of the infiltration process in land surface models and for testing infiltration models. All collected data and related soil characteristics are provided online in *.xlsx and *.csv formats for reference, and we add a disclaimer that the database is for public domain use only and can be copied freely by referencing it. Supplementary data are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.885492 (Rahmati et al., 2018). Data quality assessment is strongly advised prior to any use of this database. Finally, we would like to encourage scientists to extend and update the SWIG database by uploading new data to it., First author thanks the International and Scientific Cooperation Office of the University of Maragheh, Iran, as well as the research committee and board members of the university for their assistance in conducting the current work. The financial support received from the Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH is gratefully acknowledged by the first author. Parts of the database were made available through research work carried out in the framework of LIFE+ projects funded by the EC. The support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy through project CGL2014-53017-C2-1-R is acknowledged. The support of the Czech Science Foundation through project no. 16-05665S is acknowledged. The support of the Slovak Research and Development Agency through project no. APVV-15-0160 is acknowledged.

Published
2018
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26. The use of biogeochemical models to evaluate mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from managed grasslands

Author

Marco Carozzi, Lutz Merbold, Kate Gongadze, Susanne Rolinski, Pete Smith, Christopher D. Dorich, Paul C. D. Newton, Kathrin Fuchs, Mark A. Liebig, Nuala Fitton, Renáta Sándor, Robert M. Rees, Val Snow, Katja Klumpp, Sylvie Recous, Fiona Ehrhardt, Raphaël Martin, Gianni Bellocchi, Lorenzo Brilli, Jean-François Soussana, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Collège de Direction, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell’Ambiente (DISPAA ), Climate Agriculture Group, Agroscope, Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement - UMR-A 614 (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Biological Sciences [Aberdeen], University of Aberdeen, Lincoln Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute Agricultural Science (ETH Zurich), Sustanaible soils and grassland Department, Rothamsted Research, NGPRL, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Scotland's Rural College (SCUR), Postdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), ADEME, Collège de Direction (CODIR), Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), and Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], chargement en betail, GHG emision intensity, simulation models, 01 natural sciences, Grassland, cycle de l'azote, Grazing, gaz à effet de serre, méthane, Waste Management and Disposal, 2. Zero hunger, geography.geographical_feature_category, Livestock density, prairie, nitrogen fertilization, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Pollution, fertilisation azotée, Process-based model, France, Sensitivity analysis, Cycling, GHG emission intensity, cycle du carbone, Biogeochemical cycle, Environmental Engineering, modèle de simulation, suisse, Nitrogen fertilization, greenhouse gases, carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, Environmental Chemistry, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, royaume uni, Primary production, 15. Life on land, états-unis, united kingdom, Arid, grazing intensity, Agronomy, 13. Climate action, marsh gas, Greenhouse gas, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, intensité de pâturage, grassland, usa
Abstract

Simulation models quantify the impacts on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in grassland systems caused by changes in management practices. To support agricultural policies, it is however important to contrast the responses of alternative models, which can differ greatly in their treatment of key processes and in their response to management. We applied eight biogeochemical models at five grassland sites (in France, New Zealand, Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States) to compare the sensitivity of modelled C and N fluxes to changes in the density of grazing animals (from 100% to 50% of the original livestock densities), also in combination with decreasing N fertilization levels (reduced to zero from the initial levels). Simulated multi-model median values indicated that input reduction would lead to an increase in the C sink strength (negative net ecosystem C exchange) in intensive grazing systems: −64 ± 74 g C m−2 yr−1 (animal density reduction) and −81 ± 74 g C m−2 yr−1 (N and animal density reduction), against the baseline of −30.5 ± 69.5 g C m−2 yr−1 (LSU [livestock units] ≥ 0.76 ha−1 yr−1). Simulations also indicated a strong effect of N fertilizer reduction on N fluxes, e.g. N2O-N emissions decreased from 0.34 ± 0.22 (baseline) to 0.1 ± 0.05 g N m−2 yr−1 (no N fertilization). Simulated decline in grazing intensity had only limited impact on the N balance. The simulated pattern of enteric methane emissions was dominated by high model-to-model variability. The reduction in simulated offtake (animal intake + cut biomass) led to a doubling in net primary production per animal (increased by 11.6 ± 8.1 t C LSU−1 yr−1 across sites). The highest N2O-N intensities (N2O-N/offtake) were simulated at mown and extensively grazed arid sites. We show the possibility of using grassland models to determine sound mitigation practices while quantifying the uncertainties associated with the simulated outputs.

Published
2018
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27. Molecular, genetic and evolutionary analysis of a paracentric inversion in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author

Cheng-Ruei Lee, Janny L. Peters, Paul Fransz, Saulo Alves Aflitos, Christopher Toomajian, Gabriella Linc, Hoda B.M Ali, Ingo Schubert, Hans de Jong, Peter M. van Dam, Thomas E. Juenger, Vincent Colot, M.E. Schranz, Korbinian Schneeberger, Maarten Koornneef, Robert A. Martienssen, Mateusz Kuzak, Tom Gerats, Jesse R. Lasky, Xianwen Ji, Magnus Nordborg, Systems Biology, Plant Development & (Epi)Genetics (SILS, FNWI), Molecular Plant Pathology (SILS, FNWI), RNA Biology & Applied Bioinformatics (SILS, FNWI), Department of Plant Development and (Epi)Genetics - Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Gregor Mendel Institute (GMI) - Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Department of Biology, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University [New York], Department of Cytogenetics and Genome Analysis, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Section Plant Genetics - Institute for Wetland and Water Research Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen, Department of Molecular Plant Pathology, 7Section Plant Genetics,Institute for Wetland and Water Research Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Genetics, MAD - Dutch Genomics Service & Support Provider - Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research (MPIPZ), Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology [Berkeley] (IB), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Marie Curie Individual Fellowship [OTKA K 108555], EMBO Long-Term Fellowship, National Science Foundation [DEB-0618347], University of Amsterdam, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Cornell University, Unité de recherche en génomique végétale (URGV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Fransz, Paul, Schranz, Michael E., Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Linkage disequilibrium, Arabidopsis thaliana, transposon, Introgression, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Molecular Plant Physiology, introgression, Arabidopsis, Plant Science, Chromosomal rearrangement, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Chromosomes, Plant, Linkage Disequilibrium, Phylogenetic relationship, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, BIOS Applied Bioinformatics, Phylogenetics, chromosome rearrangement, haplotype pattern, Genetics, Groep Koornneef, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Transposon, Pericentric heterochromatin, Phylogeny, Chromosomal inversion, Chromosome rearrangement, Phylogenetic tree, Arabidopsis Proteins, phylogenetic relationship, Haplotype, Cell Biology, Haplotype pattern, Featured Article, Biosystematiek, 030104 developmental biology, Haplotypes, Biosystematics, Original Article, EPS, 010606 plant biology & botany, SNP array
Abstract

Summary Chromosomal inversions can provide windows onto the cytogenetic, molecular, evolutionary and demographic histories of a species. Here we investigate a paracentric 1.17‐Mb inversion on chromosome 4 of Arabidopsis thaliana with nucleotide precision of its borders. The inversion is created by Vandal transposon activity, splitting an F‐box and relocating a pericentric heterochromatin segment in juxtaposition with euchromatin without affecting the epigenetic landscape. Examination of the RegMap panel and the 1001 Arabidopsis genomes revealed more than 170 inversion accessions in Europe and North America. The SNP patterns revealed historical recombinations from which we infer diverse haplotype patterns, ancient introgression events and phylogenetic relationships. We find a robust association between the inversion and fecundity under drought. We also find linkage disequilibrium between the inverted region and the early flowering Col‐FRIGIDA allele. Finally, SNP analysis elucidates the origin of the inversion to South‐Eastern Europe approximately 5000 years ago and the FRI‐Col allele to North‐West Europe, and reveals the spreading of a single haplotype to North America during the 17th to 19th century. The ‘American haplotype’ was identified from several European localities, potentially due to return migration., Significance Statement Structural rearrangements redefine chromosomes, shape genome diversity and can have profound effects on selection, adaptation and spread. Here we elucidate the history of a paracentric inversion in Arabidopsis thaliana, including its origin a few thousand years ago, its maintenance under certain environmental conditions and its migration patterns, from Europe to North America and back.

Published
2016
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28. Networking of integrated pest management : A powerful approach to address common challenges in agriculture

Author

Jay Ram Lamichhane, Jean-Yves Rasplus, Graham S. Begg, Maurizio Sattin, Jens Erik Jensen, Antoine Messéan, Lise Nistrup Jørgensen, Silke Dachbrodt-Saaydeh, Jozsef Kiss, Per Kudsk, Jean Noël Aubertot, Mogens S. Hovmøller, Anna Camilla Moonen, Jens Grønbech Hansen, Jean Claude Streito, Piet Boonekamp, Andrew Nicholas Birch, Unité Impacts Ecologiques des Innovations en Production Végétale (ECO-INNOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, The James Hutton Institute, Plant Research International (PRI), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Julius Kühn-Institut - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University [Aarhus], SEGES, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology, and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, Matching (statistics), Knowledge management, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Knowledge transfer, Biology, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Scarcity, Biointeractions and Plant Health, Common challenges, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Lack of knowledge, European networking, Long-term experiments, Research priorities, Agronomy and Crop Science, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Host resistance, business.industry, Environmental resource management, knowledge transfer, Crop protection, 010602 entomology, research priorities, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, common challenges, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Integrated pest management (IPM) is facing both external and internal challenges. External challenges include increasing needs to manage pests (pathogens, animal pests and weeds) due to climate change, evolution of pesticide resistance as well as virulence matching host resistance. The complexity of designing effective pest management strategies, which rely less heavily on the use of conventional pesticides, is another external challenge. Internal challenges include organizational aspects such as decreasing trend in budget allocated to IPM research, increasing scarcity of human expertise, lack of knowledge transfer into practice and the communication gap both at country level and between countries, and lack of multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary IPM research. There is an increasing awareness that trans-national networking is one means to overcome such challenges and to address common priorities in agriculture. A large number of stakeholders (researchers, policy makers, growers and industries) are involved in the sector of crop protection, which needs to be coordinated through effective communications and dynamic collaboration to make any IPM strategy successful. Here we discuss a decade-long IPM networking experiences in Europe emphasizing how IPM research, implementation and adoption in Europe may benefit from a broader level networking.

Published
2016
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29. First record of Penthalodes ovalis (Dugès, 1834) in agricultural area with notes on its pest status (Acari: Penthalodidae)

Author

Jenő Kontschán, Serge Kreiter, M. Lorne, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Comité Départemental de Développement Maraîcher (CDDM), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and This study was supported by the NKFIH (OTKA) 108663 grant (JK).

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, business.industry, Ecology, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, 010607 zoology, agricultural area, Plant Science, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Penthalodidae, Habitat, mite, Agriculture, Insect Science, Mite, Acari, PEST analysis, nex pest, business, Penthalodes
Abstract

International audience; The species Penthalodes ovalis was described by Dugès (1834) as Megamerus ovalis from an unknown European locality, but the description of this species was very brief and incomplete (Kalúz, 2000). More than one hundred year later, Thor and Willmann (1941) have given a more detailed re-description about this species, but only using the available information from literature. Strandtmann (1971) presented a new description based on specimens collected in Alaska (USA). Baker (1990) discussed the morphology of mites of the superfamily Eupodoidea including Penthalodes ovalis and mentioned the investigated species which were collected in British regions, but the first exact re-description of the continental European species was presented by Kalúz (2000), who based his work on Slovakian and Turkish specimens. Kalúz (2000) mentioned numerous variables in the morphology among the earlier presented specimens (like shape of eye, shape of polygonal pattern on the dorsal integument and number of aggenital, genital and euanal setae. Later Jesionowska (2010) described Strandtmann’s (1971) species as a new species (Penthalodes alaskaensis Jesionowska, 2010) and she presented another new species (Penthalodes hawaiiensis Jesionowska, 2010) which was mentioned as Penthalodes ovalis from Hawaii by Strandtmann and Goff (1978). In this paper, we present the first record of this species in agricultural area with some notes on the morphology, biology and potential pest status.

Published
2018
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30. A call for stakeholders to boost integrated pest management in Europe: a vision based on the three-year European research area network project

Author

Alberto Masci, Sylvia Bluemel, Anabel de la Peña, Jay Ram Lamichhane, Jean-Claude Malet, B. Akbaş, Silke Dachbrodt-Saaydeh, Claus Bo Andreasen, Antoine Messéan, Annika Fuchs, Per Kudsk, Jozsef Kiss, Astrid S. T. Willener, Wilma Arendse, Jean-Pierre Jansen, AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Plant Health, Bioforsk, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA), Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Julius Kühn-Institut - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Federal Ministry for Food and Agriculture, Partenaires INRAE, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Agroecology, Ministère de l'agriculture, de l'agroalimentaire et de la forêt, Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Swiss Federal Office for Agriculture (BLW), Swiss Government, Unité Impacts Ecologiques des Innovations en Production Végétale (ECO-INNOV), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Integrated pest management, Vision based, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biology, obstacles, 01 natural sciences, socio-economic drivers, Knowledge sharing, Crop protection, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 010602 entomology, 13. Climate action, Insect Science, Sustainability, demonstration farm, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, European Research Area, Demonstration farm, pesticide risk perception, knowledge sharing, Agronomy and Crop Science, Environmental planning, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Recent years have seen an increasing effort towards the development and adoption of sustainable crop protection strategies, especially in the EU. Several policy frameworks have been put in place including the EU framework Directive (128/EC/2009) on the sustainable use of pesticides. Consequently, all EU Member States developed National Action Plans to ensure the implementation of the general principles of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) by all professional pesticide users starting from January 1, 2014. On the other hand, there are also difficulties related to the adoption of IPM in Europe and worldwide which seek for a better understanding of factors hindering IPM uptake. This paper presents the potential role that each actor of the food chain may have – called here stakeholders – to ensure a higher level IPM adoption in Europe. The information reported here is a summary based on several discussions held within a three-year European Research Area Network project on Coordinated Integrated Pest Management (ERA-Net C-IPM; http://c-ipm.org/).

Published
2018
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31. Explaining variability in the production of seed and allergenic pollen by invasive Ambrosia artemisiifolia across Europe

Author

Hüseyin Önen, Bruno Chauvel, S.T.E. Lommen, Cristina Preda, Gergely Zagyvai, Andreas Lemke, Robert Leskovšek, Barbara Tokarska-Guzik, Eelke Jongejans, Peter Tóth, Mihály Zalai, Gyula Pinke, Viktor Tiborcz, Katalin Nagy, Guillaume Fried, Alla Aleksanyan, Zita Dorner, Gabriella Kazinczi, Annamária Fenesi, Maja Šćepanović, Melinda Leitsch-Vitalos, Caspar A. Hallmann, Heinz Müller-Schärer, Levan Kalatozishvili, Gerhard Karrer, Paulina Anastasiu, Danijela Stešević, Department of Biology, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institute of Botany, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia [Yerevan] (NAS RA), Slovak University of Agriculture, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa University, University of Silesia, University of Bucharest (UniBuc), Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Babes-Bolyai University [Cluj-Napoca] (UBB), Szent István University, University of West-Hungary, Kaposvár University, Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, University of Montenegro (UCG), Unité entomologie et plantes invasives, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Ilia State University [Tbilisi], Technical University Berlin, Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation [C13.0146], Swiss Federal Office for the Environment [13.0098.KP/M323-0760], Swiss Federal Office for Agriculture [1062-62,200], EU COST Action FA1203 'Sustainable management of Ambrosia artemisiifolia in Europe (SMARTER)', and Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [840.11.001/841.11.007]

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Animal Ecology and Physiology, Ragweed, Introduced species, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pollen, medicine, Ruderal species, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Invasive alien plant, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ecology, Spatial variation, Plant Ecology, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Soil type, Plant ecology, Ragweed Environmental drivers Invasive alien plant Demographic performance Spatial variation, Agronomy, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Spatial variability, Environmental drivers, Demographic performance
Abstract

International audience; To better manage invasive populations, it is vital to understand the environmental drivers underlying spatial variation in demographic performance of invasive individuals and populations. The invasive common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, has severe adverse effects on agriculture and human health, due to its vast production of seeds and allergenic pollen. Here, we identify the scale and nature of environmental factors driving individual performance of A. artemisiifolia, and assess their relative importance. We studied 39 populations across the European continent, covering different climatic and habitat conditions. We found that plant size is the most important determinant in variation of per-capita seed and pollen production. Using plant volume as a measure of individual performance, we found that the local environment (i.e. the site) is far more influential for plant volume (explaining 25% of all spatial variation) than geographic position (regional level; 8%) or the neighbouring vegetation (at the plot level; 4%). An overall model including environmental factors at all scales performed better (27%), including the weather (bigger plants in warm and wet conditions), soil type (smaller plants on soils with more sand), and highlighting the negative effects of altitude, neighbouring vegetation and bare soil. Pollen and seed densities varied more than 200-fold between sites, with highest estimates in Croatia, Romania and Hungary. Pollen densities were highest on arable fields, while highest seed densities were found along infrastructure, both significantly higher than on ruderal sites. We discuss implications of these findings for the spatial scale of management interventions against A. artemisiifolia.

Published
2018
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32. Molecular characterization of mbraOR16, a candidate sex pheromone receptor in mamestra brassicae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Author

Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly, Nicolas Montagné, Gabriella Köblös, Christelle Monsempes, Adrien Fónagy, Marie-Christine François, Fonagy, Adrien, Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES (UMR_7618 / UMR_D_242 / UMR_A_1392 / UM_113) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Hungarian Research Funds [OTKA K104011], and French-Hungarian collaborative agreement (Campus France PHC Balaton) [32064QF/TET_12_FR-2-2014-0009]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Arthropod Antennae, Male, media_common.quotation_subject, Insect, Olfaction, sex pheromone, Biology, Moths, odorant receptor, in situ hybridization, crop pest, Lepidoptera genitalia, 03 medical and health sciences, Cabbage moth, Animals, Amino Acid Sequence, Sex Attractants, Phylogeny, media_common, Base Sequence, fungi, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Receptors, Pheromone, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, Insect Science, Sex pheromone, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Pheromone, Noctuidae, Insect Proteins, PEST analysis, Sequence Alignment
Abstract

International audience; Sex pheromone communication in Lepidoptera has long been a valuable model system for studying fundamental aspects of olfaction and its study has led to the establishment of environmental-friendly pest control strategies. The cabbage moth, Mamestra brassicae (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a major pest of Cruciferous vegetables in Europe and Asia. Its sex pheromone has been characterized and is currently used as a lure to trap males; however, nothing is known about the molecular mechanisms of sex pheromone reception in male antennae. Using homology cloning and rapid amplification of cDNA ends-PCR strategies, we identified the first candidate pheromone receptor in this species. The transcript was specifically expressed in the antennae with a strong male bias. In situ hybridization experiments within the antennae revealed that the receptor-expressing cells were closely associated with the olfactory structures, especially the long trichoid sensilla known to be pheromone-sensitive. The deduced protein is predicted to adopt a seven-transmembrane structure, a hallmark of insect odorant receptors, and phylogenetically clustered in a clade that grouped a majority of the Lepidoptera pheromone receptors characterized to date. Taken together, our data support identification of a candidate pheromone receptor and provides a basis for better understanding how this species detects a signal critical for reproduction.

Published
2018
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33. Eight principles of integrated pest management

Author

Barzman, Marco, Bàrberi, Paolo, Nicholas, A., Birch, E., Boonekamp, Piet, Dachbrodt-Saaydeh, Silke, Graf, Benno, Hommel, Bernd, Jensen, Jens Erik, Kiss, Jozsef, Kudsk, Per, Lamichhane, Jay Ram, Messéan, Antoine, Moonen, Anna-Camilla, Ratnadass, Alain, Ricci, Pierre, Sarah, Jean-Louis, Sattin, Maurizio, Unité Impacts Ecologiques des Innovations en Production Végétale (ECO-INNOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), The James Hutton Institute, Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Julius Kühn-Institut - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Plant Protection and Fruit and Vegetable Extension, Agroscope, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, SEGES, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Agro-ecology, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (UPR HORTSYS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Direction Générale Déléguée à la Recherche et à la Stratégie (Cirad-Dgdrs), Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa], Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Julius Kühn Institute (JKI), Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (Cirad-Persyst-UPR 103 HORTSYS), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Barzman, Marc

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Protection Intégrée des Cultures, Approche système, Computer science, Integrated farming, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], H02 - Pesticides, Gestion intégrée des ravageurs, 01 natural sciences, Santé publique, Protection des plantes, Sustainable agriculture, Cropping system, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Résistance aux insecticides, Integrated pest management, Agroécologie, Europe, S50 - Santé humaine, Integrated pest management . Europe, Pesticides . Alternatives . Systems approach . Resilient cropping system . Sustainable agriculture, Biological regulation, Integrated Pest Management, Pesticides, P02 - Pollution, Environmental Engineering, Accord international, Integrated pest management . Europe, Biointeractions and Plant Health, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, Lutte intégrée, Environmental planning, Sustainable development, Lutte chimique, Pesticides . Alternatives . Systems approach . Resilient cropping system . Sustainable agriculture, 15. Life on land, Lutte biologique, Crop protection, Pesticide, Systems approach, 010602 entomology, Alternatives, Agronomy, Protection de l'environnement, 13. Climate action, Toxicité des pesticides, Agronomy and Crop Science, Cropping, 010606 plant biology & botany, Resilient cropping system
Abstract

The use of pesticides made it possible to increase yields, simplify cropping systems, and forego more complicated crop protection strategies. Over-reliance on chemical control, however, is associated with contamination of ecosystems and undesirable health effects. The future of crop production is now also threatened by emergence of pest resistance and declining availability of active substances. There is therefore a need to design cropping systems less dependent on synthetic pesticides. Consequently, the European Union requires the application of eight principles (P) of Integrated Pest Management that fit within sustainable farm management. Here, we propose to farmers, advisors, and researchers a dynamic and flexible approach that accounts for the diversity of farming situations and the complexities of agroecosystems and that can improve the resilience of cropping systems and our capacity to adapt crop protection to local realities. For each principle (P), we suggest that (P1) the design of inherently robust cropping systems using a combination of agronomic levers is key to prevention. (P2) Local availability of monitoring, warning, and forecasting systems is a reality to contend with. (P3) The decision-making process can integrate cropping system factors to develop longer-term strategies. (P4) The combination of non-chemical methods that may be individually less efficient than pesticides can generate valuable synergies. (P5) Development of new biological agents and products and the use of existing databases offer options for the selection of products minimizing impact on health, the environment, and biological regulation of pests. (P6) Reduced pesticide use can be effectively combined with other tactics. (P7) Addressing the root causes of pesticide resistance is the best way to find sustainable crop protection solutions. And (P8) integration of multi-season effects and trade-offs in evaluation criteria will help develop sustainable solutions.

Published
2015
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34. Sustainability of European winter wheat- and maize-based cropping systems: Economic, environmental and social ex-post assessment of conventional and IPM-based systems

Author

Bo Melander, F. Leprince, Lise Nistrup Jørgensen, Clotilde Toque, M. Benezit, Donato Loddo, Adrian C. Newton, Maurizio Sattin, W. van Dijk, Vasileios P. Vasileiadis, Imre Holb, Lorenzo Furlan, Caroline Colnenne-David, Roman Kierzek, Marianne Lefebvre, Per Kudsk, Silke Dachbrodt-Saaydeh, Istituto di Agro Ambientale e Forestale di Biologia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), faculty of Agricultural Sciences - Department of Integrated Pest Management, Aarhus University [Aarhus], ARVALIS - Institut du végétal [Paris], Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Institute of Plant Protection, Veneto Agricoltura, Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology, Department of Agroecology, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Groupe de Recherche Angevin en Economie et Management (GRANEM), Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de l'Horticulture et du Paysage, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Julius Kühn-Institut - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Agronomie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), The James Hutton Institute, Agriculture and Life Sciences in the Economy Unit [Sevilla] (AGRILIFE), JRC Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Seville] (JRC)-European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Seville] (JRC), Unité Impacts Ecologiques des Innovations en Production Végétale (ECO-INNOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), European Project: 265865, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and University of Debrecen Egyetem [Debrecen]

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, maïs, Yield (finance), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Social sustainability, Agricultural engineering, Biology, maize, cropping system, 01 natural sciences, Integrated Pest Management, 12. Responsible consumption, 11. Sustainability, Cropping system, système de culture, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, integrated pest management, Agroforestry, triticum, lutte intégrée, Sustainability assessment, Ex-post, integrated protection integrated disease control, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, Crop rotation, OT Acrres, winter wheat, Maize, Winter wheat, sustainability assessment, 13. Climate action, Sustainability, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Arable land, Agronomy and Crop Science, Cropping, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

In order to ensure higher sustainability of winter wheat and maize production in Europe, cropping systems featuring different levels of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) need to be tested in the field and validated for their sustainability before being adopted by farmers. However, the sustainability evaluation of cropping systems is difficult to perform effectively due to the complex economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainability. Within the EU research project PURE, nine long-term experiments were conducted in various European regions from 2011 to 2014, comparing two IPM levels against the conventional system (CS) in winter wheat- and maize-based cropping systems. IPM1 encompassed some pesticide use in semi-diverse crop rotations while IPM2 favoured reduced- and non-chemical methods in diverse rotations. The modified DEXiPM (DEXi Pest Management) model for arable cropping systems was used for . ex-post assessments to compare the economic, environmental and social sustainability of these systems. The assessments showed that in six out of nine trials the CS was overall unsustainable because of low evaluation of the environmental sustainability that was mainly due to high pesticide use and simplified crop rotations where the choice of crops is primarily market-driven. In contrast, six IPM1 and five IPM2 systems could be classified as sustainable, achieving 'medium' or 'high' scores for all three sustainability dimensions. Differences in the socio-economic conditions across countries and/or climatic and soil conditions across experimental trials highlighted that IPM is based on general principles that must be adapted to address specific local conditions. Overall, IPM systems included more diverse crop rotations and practices compared to the CS, promoting IPM-based strategies with less pesticide use but also a reduced reliance on pesticides that could partially compensate for any yield reductions by the savings on pesticide and application costs. It is recommended that the results of the study should be disseminated to policy-makers, advisors and farmers and that their implementation should be considered on a regional level. Regional policies to encourage the adoption of more sustainable systems based on IPM principles, as well as better support by more closely involving the regional advisory services for the general implementation of IPM is further recommended. . Ex-post analysis with DEXiPM also identified the constraints of the IPM1 and IPM2 systems evaluated as not sustainable. These were related to i) environmental issues for those IPM1 systems that still relied mainly on pesticide use and had less diverse crop rotations, and ii) economic issues for IPM2 systems, mainly due to the choice of less profitable crops in the rotation, as well as to yield penalties caused by the very low pesticide use or replacing pesticides with less effective non-chemical methods. The identification of these constraints is a valuable input to the local and regional discussion on how to adopt IPM and develop more sustainable cropping systems.

Published
2017
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35. C and N models Intercomparison – benchmark and ensemble model estimates for grassland production

Author

Pete Smith, Sandro José Giacomini, Gianni Bellocchi, Joël Léonard, M. de Antoni Migliorati, Renata Sándor, Chris Dorich, Arti Bhatia, Ward Smith, Paul C. D. Newton, Jordi Doltra, Raia Silvia Massad, Fiona Ehrhardt, Miko U. F. Kirschbaum, Elizabeth Pattey, Matthew T. Harrison, Qing Zhang, Andrew D. Moore, Russell McAuliffe, Mark A. Liebig, Susanne Rolinski, Raphaël Martin, Brian Grant, Vasileios Myrgiotis, Mark Lieffering, Lorenzo Brilli, Jean-François Soussana, Luca Doro, Katja Klumpp, Bruno Basso, Elizabeth A. Meier, Patricia Laville, Sylvie Recous, Val Snow, Peter Grace, Lutz Merbold, Joanna Sharp, Nuala Fitton, Stephanie K. Jones, Lianhai Wu, Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry (ATK TAKI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), UR 0874 Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial (UREP)-Ecologie des Forêts, Prairies et milieux Aquatiques (EFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Collège de Direction (CODIR), Department of Geological Sciences, Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System-Michigan State University System, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), DISPAA, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Queensland University of Technology, Cantabrian Agricultural Research and Training Centre, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory [Fort Collins] (NREL), Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Desertification Research Group, University of Sassari, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Soil Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Agriculture and Agri-Food [Ottawa] (AAFC), Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research [Lincoln], Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Agroressources et Impacts environnementaux (AgroImpact), United States Department of Agriculture, Lincoln Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Grasslands Research Centre, Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Department of Environmental Systems Science [ETH Zürich] (D-USYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Mazingira Centre, International Livestock Research Institute, Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Plant & Food Research, Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research, Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Beijing] (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), ANR, European Project: 277610, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Collège de Direction, University of Florence (UNIFI), Scotland's Rural College (SCUR), Landcare Research, Unité d'Agronomie de Laon-Reims-Mons (AGRO-LRM), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement - UMR-A 614 (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial (UREP), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS), Agriculture and Agri-Food (AAFC), and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Calibration (statistics), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ANPP, Context (language use), Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Grassland, Physics::Geophysics, Benchmark (surveying), C-N MIP, Quantitative Biology::Populations and Evolution, model intercomparaison, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ensemble forecasting, Ecology, Simulation modeling, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, grassland production, 13. Climate action, Greenhouse gas, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Arable land
Abstract

Much of the uncertainty in crop and grassland model predictions of how arable and grassland systems respond to changes in management and environmental drivers can be attributed to differences in the structure of these models. This has created an urgent need for international bench- marking of models, in which uncertainties are estimated by running several models that simulate the same physical and management conditions (ensemble modelling) to generate expanded envelopes of uncertainty in model predictions (Asseng et al. , 2013). Simulations of C and N fluxes, in particular, are inherently uncertain because they are driven by complex interactions (Sandor et al. , 2016) and complicated by considerable spatial and temporal variability in the measurements. In this context, the Integrative Research Group of the Global Research Alliance (GRA) on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases promotes a coordinated activity across multiple international projects (e.g. C and N Models Inter-comparison and Improvement to assess management options for GHG mitigation in agrosystems worldwide (C-N MIP) and Models4Pastures of the FACCE-JPI, https://www.faccejpi.com) to benchmark and compare simulation models that estimate C – N related outputs (including greenhouse gas emissions) from arable crop and grassland systems (http://globalresearchalliance.org/e/model- intercomparison-on-agricultural-ghg-emissions). This study presents some preliminary results on the uncertainty of outputs from 12 grassland models, whereas exploring differences in model response when increasing data resources are used for model calibration.

Published
2016
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36. Plant acclimation to temperature: Developments in the Pasture Simulation model

Author

Catherine Picon-Cochard, Frédérique Louault, Raphaël Martin, Katja Klumpp, Gianni Bellocchi, David Borras, Renáta Sándor, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry (ATK TAKI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), European Project: 613817, and 2Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Soil Science, Flux tower, Atmospheric sciences, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, Pasture, Acclimatization, Grassland, Grazing, Respiration, température, acclimatation, pasim, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, prairie, 15. Life on land, Agronomy, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Ecosystem respiration, grassland, Agronomy and Crop Science, Acclimation, Pasture simulation model (PaSim), 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

A modelling approach for the thermal acclimation of plant photosynthesis and respiration is presented that accounts for changes in the maximum carbon (C) assimilation with changing growth temperature. It is motivated by one key observation, i.e. the optimum temperature for plant processes increases with increasing growth temperature, and two corollary expectations: (i) this determines a modification of the response curve of C assimilation, and (ii) plant C release (respiration) is also affected by changing growth temperature. Simple relations are proposed to model these phenomena, consistent with the Farquhar model of photosynthesis. The incorporation of temperature acclimation of plant photosynthesis and respiration into the Farquhar-based scheme of the Pasture Simulation model (PaSim; EMS: existing modelling solution, MMS: modified modelling solution) is proposed as a way to reduce the uncertainty in estimations of harvested or standing above ground biomass and C fluxes from grassland systems in Central France. Here we show that, across a flux tower grassland site spanning two alternative grazing regimes (Laqueuille, 45° 38′ N, 02° 44′ E, 1040 m a.s.l.), acclimation parameterizations improve model ability to reproduce observed ecosystem respiration (especially with extensive grazing, where root mean square error [RMSE] lowered from 15.20 to 11.59 g C m−2 week−1). An assessment at two grassland systems (Saint-Genes-Champanelle and Theix, 45° 43′ N, 03° 01′ E, 880 m a.s.l.) with alternative cutting regimes and climate conditions also showed some improvements in biomass estimates (e.g. with frequent cutting and experimental extreme summer event RMSE changed from 0.86 to 0.40 t DM ha−1). The consequences of acclimation for simulated grassland outputs depend on the conditions evaluated which requires further studies. However, our results suggest that grassland modelling omitting plant temperature acclimation is likely to overestimate C emissions, thus biasing projections of future C storage and estimates of policy-making indicators.

Published
2017
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37. Assessing environmental impacts of genetically modified plants on non-target organisms: The relevance of in planta studies

Author

Marco Nuti, Jeremy Sweet, Antoine Messéan, Jozsef Kiss, Christoph C. Tebbe, Salvatore Arpaia, Joop J. A. van Loon, Joe N. Perry, A. Nicholas E. Birch, DTE-BBC, Research Centre Trisaia, Italian National Agency for New Tecnologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), The James Hutton Institute, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Unité Impacts Ecologiques des Innovations en Production Végétale (ECO-INNOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Universita degli studi di Pisa, University of Greenwich, Sweet Environmental Consultants, Thünen Institute of Biodiversity, European Project: 289706, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Arpaia, S., Birch, A. N. E., Kiss, J., van Loon, J. J. A., Messean, A., Nuti, M., Perry, J. N., Sweet, J. B., Tebbe, C. C., and University of Pisa - Università di Pisa

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Environmental Engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bacillus thuringiensis, Genetically modified crops, Biology, Environment, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Non target, Ecological relationship, Environmental Chemistry, Relevance (law), media_common.cataloged_instance, Ecosystem services, European Union, Laboratory of Entomology, European union, Waste Management and Disposal, Insect resistance, media_common, Environmental risk assessment, 2. Zero hunger, Ecology, business.industry, fungi, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, Laboratorium voor Entomologie, Plants, Genetically Modified, Pollution, Biotechnology, 030104 developmental biology, Risk management, Sustainable management, Non-target organisms, Insect-plant interactions, EPS, business, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

In legal frameworks worldwide, genetically modified plants (GMPs) are subjected to pre-market environmental risk assessment (ERA) with the aim of identifying potential effects on the environment. In the European Union, the EFSA Guidance Docuinent introduces the rationale that GMPs, as well as their newly produced metabolites, represent the potential stressor to be evaluated during ERA. As a consequence, during several phases of ERA for cultivation purposes, it is considered necessary to use whole plants or plant parts in experimental protocols. The importance of in planta studies as a strategy to address impacts of GMPs tin non-target organislns is demonstrated, to evaluate both effects due to the intended modification in plant phenotype (e.g. expression of Cry proteins) and effects due to unintended modifications in plant phenotype resultihg from the transformation process (e.g. due to somaclonal variations or pleiotropic effects). In planta tests are also necessary for GMPs in which newly expressed metabolites cannot easily be studied in vitro. This paper reviews the scientific literature supporting the choice of in planta studies as a fundamental tool in ERA of GMPs in cultivation dossiers; the evidence indicates they can realistically mimic the ecological relationships occurring in their receiving environments and provide important insights into the biology and sustainable management of GMPs.

Published
2017
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38. Identifying obstacles and ranking common biological control research priorities for Europe to manage most economically important pests in arable, vegetable and perennial crops

Author

Lamichhane, Jay Ram, Bischoff-Schaefer, Monika, Bluemel, Sylvia, Dachbrodt-Saaydeh, Silke, Dreux, Laure, Jansen, Jean-Pierre, Kiss, Jozsef, Köhl, Jürgen, Kudsk, Per, Malausa, Thibaut, Messéan, Antoine, Nicot, Philippe C., Ricci, Pierre, Thibierge, Jérome, Villeneuve, Francois, Unité Impacts Ecologiques des Innovations en Production Végétale (ECO-INNOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Julius Kühn-Institut - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Institute of Plant Health, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Invivo AGRINOVEX, Partenaires INRAE, Ctifl - Centre de Lanxade (Ctifl - Centre de Lanxade ), Centre Technique Interprofessionnel des Fruits et Légumes (CTIFL), European Project: 618110,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-ERANET-2013-RTD,C-IPM(2014), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, sustainable agriculture, biopesticides, integrated pest management, semiochemicals, Entomology & Disease Management, European research networking, beneficials, [QFIN.TR]Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/Trading and Market Microstructure [q-fin.TR], biomolecules, innovation
Abstract

International audience; EU agriculture is currently in transition from conventional crop protection to integrated pest management (IPM). Because biocontrol is a key component of IPM, many European countries recently have intensified their national efforts on biocontrol research and innovation (R&I), although such initiatives are often fragmented. The operational outputs of national efforts would benefit from closer collaboration among stakeholders via transnationally coordinated approaches, as most economically important pests are similar across Europe. This paper proposes a common European framework on biocontrol R&I. It identifies generic R&I bottlenecks and needs as well as priorities for three crop types (arable, vegetable and perennial crops). The existing gap between the market offers of biocontrol solutions and the demand of growers, the lengthy and expensive registration process for biocontrol solutions and their varying effectiveness due to variable climatic conditions and site-specific factors across Europe are key obstacles hindering the development and adoption of biocontrol solutions in Europe. Considering arable, vegetable and perennial crops, a dozen common target pests are identified for each type of crop and ranked by order of importance at European level. Such a ranked list indicates numerous topics on which future joint transnational efforts would be justified.

Published
2017
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39. An international reproducibility study validating quantitative determination of ERBB2, ESR1, PGR, and MKI67 mRNA in breast cancer using MammaTyper®

Author

Fraser Symmans, Arndt Hartmann, Andreas Turzynski, Claudia Gürtler, Peter Sinn, Robert Stoehr, Zsuzsanna Varga, Reinhard von Wasielewski, Mark Laible, Ugur Sahin, Frédérique Penault-Llorca, John M. S. Bartlett, Annette Lebeau, Hong Bu, Peter Schraml, Elena Guerini-Rocco, Thomas Keller, Heikki Joensuu, Kornelia Schlombs, Xiaodong Teng, Giuseppe Viale, University of Zurich, Varga, Zsuzsanna, Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institute of Pathology, Universität Regensburg (UR), Centre Jean Perrin [Clermont-Ferrand] (UNICANCER/CJP), UNICANCER, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University hospital of Zurich [Zurich], Department of Pediatrics, Josefinum Augsburg, Augsburg, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI)-European Institute of Oncology [Milan] (ESMO), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI)-European Institute of Oncology [Milan] (ESMO), Clinicum, Heikki Joensuu / Principal Investigator, and Department of Oncology

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Pathology, Receptor, ErbB-2, Receptor expression, Estrogen receptor, FFPE, MKI67, RECOMMENDATIONS, 610 Medical sciences Medicine, 0302 clinical medicine, Cohen's kappa, Breast cancer, Medicine, 1306 Cancer Research, Prospective Studies, skin and connective tissue diseases, ERBB2, KI67, AMERICAN-SOCIETY, DISTANT RECURRENCE, ESR1, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, RECEPTOR EXPRESSION, Nuclear Proteins, Prognosis, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Reproducibility, 3. Good health, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, PGR, Female, 2730 Oncology, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, 3122 Cancers, Breast Neoplasms, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, 610 Medicine & health, lcsh:RC254-282, 03 medical and health sciences, Formaldehyde, Internal medicine, 10049 Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Progesterone receptor, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, RNA, Messenger, RECURRENCE SCORE, ENDOCRINE THERAPY, business.industry, RT-qPCR, Estrogen Receptor alpha, WORKING GROUP, medicine.disease, Ki-67 Antigen, ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR, 030104 developmental biology, MammaTyper, business, Estrogen receptor alpha, Kappa
Abstract

Background Accurate determination of the predictive markers human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/ERBB2), estrogen receptor (ER/ESR1), progesterone receptor (PgR/PGR), and marker of proliferation Ki67 (MKI67) is indispensable for therapeutic decision making in early breast cancer. In this multicenter prospective study, we addressed the issue of inter- and intrasite reproducibility using the recently developed reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction-based MammaTyper® test. Methods Ten international pathology institutions participated in this study and determined messenger RNA expression levels of ERBB2, ESR1, PGR, and MKI67 in both centrally and locally extracted RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast cancer specimens with the MammaTyper® test. Samples were measured repeatedly on different days within the local laboratories, and reproducibility was assessed by means of variance component analysis, Fleiss’ kappa statistics, and interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results Total variations in measurements of centrally and locally prepared RNA extracts were comparable; therefore, statistical analyses were performed on the complete dataset. Intersite reproducibility showed total SDs between 0.21 and 0.44 for the quantitative single-marker assessments, resulting in ICC values of 0.980–0.998, demonstrating excellent agreement of quantitative measurements. Also, the reproducibility of binary single-marker results (positive/negative), as well as the molecular subtype agreement, was almost perfect with kappa values ranging from 0.90 to 1.00. Conclusions On the basis of these data, the MammaTyper® has the potential to substantially improve the current standards of breast cancer diagnostics by providing a highly precise and reproducible quantitative assessment of the established breast cancer biomarkers and molecular subtypes in a decentralized workup. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-017-0848-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2017
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40. Multicriteria evaluation of innovative IPM systems in pome fruit in Europe

Author

Vittorio Rossi, Tito Caffi, H.H.M. Helsen, Aude Alaphilippe, Yvan Capowiez, J.S. Buurma, Jörn Strassemeyer, Imre Holb, Sylvaine Simon, DIPROVES - Sustainable Crop and Food Protection, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Milano] (Unicatt), Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Julius Kühn-Institut - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Wageningen Economics Research, Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Expérimentale Recherches Intégrées - Gotheron (UERI), Hungarian Scientific Research Fund K108333, European Social Fund TAMOP-4.2.4.A/2-11/1-2012-0001, National Excellence Program A2-SZJTOK-13-0061, European Project: 265865, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), Julius Kühn Institute (JKI), Unité de Recherches Intégrées - Gotheron (GOTH RI UERI), and University of Debrecen Egyetem [Debrecen]

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, LEI SECT & OND - Duurzame Ontwikkeling Agrosectoren, Codling moth, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], risque environnemental, Pear psylla, Agricultural engineering, 01 natural sciences, système innovant, approche multicritère, production fruitière intégrée, Pome, psylla, fruit à pépins, Environmental quality, Multicriteria assessment, 2. Zero hunger, PEAR, biology, système de culture innovant, Agroforestry, Scale (chemistry), Apple scab, biology.organism_classification, Brown spot, lutte contre les ravageurs, 010602 entomology, pest management, indice de durabilité, Sustainability, Innovative system adoption, pome fruit, Settore AGR/12 - PATOLOGIA VEGETALE, Agronomy and Crop Science, tavelure du pommier, 010606 plant biology & botany, BBF Team Randwijk
Abstract

Pesticides represent the major input in pome fruit across Europe. They are mainly used on a calendar-based approach in order to control a large number of pests and diseases causing both direct and indirect losses. This situation has stimulated research for innovative tools and methods for pest management and the PURE project (www.pure-ipm.eu) organised a biointensive framework to demonstrate that several solutions are now available but they need to be properly transferred to the growers to be applied on a large scale. This paper presents the experience of the PURE project across demonstration orchards in different countries. The aim was to develop a multicriteria evaluation to help more clearly define the advantages and disadvantages of applying innovative Integrated Pest Management (IPM) systems, for different pests (pear psylla and apple codling moth) and diseases (pear brown spot and apple scab) on pome fruit, compared to standard IPM (i.e. currently adopted IPM system). The multicriteria approach permitted to assess environmental risks, economic effects and sustainability impact for each of the innovative systems tested. This multicriteria assessment showed that, in general, innovative performed better than standard for environmental quality and provided similar yield and pest management without any significant extra costs.

Published
2017
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41. selection of winter durum genotypes grown under conventional and organic conditions in different European regions

Author

Mária Megyeri, Gyula Vida, Julia Lafferty, Bruno Lorentz, Péter Mikó, Carl Friedrich Horst Longin, Marianna Rakszegi, Agricultural Institute [Budapest] (ATK MGI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Saatzucht Donau GmbH & Co KG, Domaine expérimental de Melgueil (MONTP MELGUEIL UE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), State Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, European Community's Seventh Framework Programme : EU_BONUS_12-1-2012-0032, and European Project: 245058

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, faible intrant, Growing region, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Grain quality, GGE biplot, Plant Science, Horticulture, Biology, cropping system, 01 natural sciences, Adaptability, Low input agriculture, agriculture biologique, organic farming, Genetics, Plant breeding, système de culture, Variety performance, Durum wheat, media_common, chemistry.chemical_classification, sélection génétique, business.industry, Crop yield, hongrie, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Gluten, Agronomy, chemistry, Agriculture, Organic breeding, blé dur, autriche, hard wheat, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Organic farming, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, france, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Quality and agronomic performance of 14 winter durum wheat genotypes (Gs) were examined in Austria, France and Hungary for 3 years. Heading time, wet gluten content, semolina yield and grain protein content are traits that showed G-dependent significant differences between the two management (M) systems examined (conventional and organic). Therefore, breeding for these traits could result in specifically adapted Gs for organic agriculture in different countries. Based on strong or moderately significant correlations between traits, gluten index and plant height could also be specifically selected in an indirect way. The need for environmentally specific selection for grain yield (GY) in later generations was also demonstrated. In general, varieties that had the highest performance in a given mega-environment (E) originated from that mega-E (except for yellow index). This finding provides evidence for the influence of the selection E, whether it is the M system or the growing region. As the French site fell into a distinct mega-E, it should be handled separately. The Hungarian site was found to be an ideal test E for selecting Gs with high adaptability for most of the quality traits, while the Austrian site could be used in selecting agronomic traits. This was also reflected in the breeding origin of the best winter durum Gs for each trait. Based on these findings, a partly separate winter durum selection program is recommended for organic and low input agriculture in each country. As a consequence, specific varieties adapted to sub-optimal growing conditions would support the emerging movement towards sustainable farming systems.

Published
2017
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42. Multi-model simulation of soil temperature, soil water content and biomass in Euro-Mediterranean grasslands: Uncertainties and ensemble performance

Author

Giovanna Seddaiu, Gianni Bellocchi, Susanne Rolinski, Julien Minet, Renáta Sándor, Eszter Lellei-Kovács, Zoltán Barcza, Marco Acutis, Françoise Ruget, Alessia Perego, Luca Doro, Martin Köchy, Simon Ma, Dóra Hidy, Mattia Sanna, Lianhai Wu, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry (ATK TAKI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Meteorology [Budapest], Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Faculty of Sciences [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Faculty of Sciences [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences – Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Desertification Research Centre, University of Sassari, MTA-SZIE Plant Ecology Research Group, Szent István University, Thünen Institute of Market Analysis, Arlon Environment Campus, Université de Liège, Institute of Ecology and Botany, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), North Wyke, Rothamsted Research, FACCE MACSUR – Modelling European Agriculture with Climate Change for Food Security, a FACCE JPI knowledge hub',the German Ministry of Education and Research (031A103A), European Project: 283359, Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS), and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, Biogeochemical cycle, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, soil temperature, modèle multicouches, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Soil Science, Soil science, teneur en eau, Plant Science, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Grassland, modelling, température du sol, biomasse, Biomass, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, modélisation, 2. Zero hunger, Multi-model ensemble, Topsoil, geography, Biomass (ecology), geography.geographical_feature_category, moisture level, végétation méditerranéenne, Simulation modeling, prairie, mediterranean vegetation, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Vegetation, Soil processes, 15. Life on land, Agronomy, 13. Climate action, Grasslands, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, analyse des performances, grassland, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

This study presents results from a major grassland model intercomparison exercise, and highlights the main challenges faced in the implementation of a multi-model ensemble prediction system in grasslands. Nine, independently developed simulation models linking climate, soil, vegetation and management to grassland biogeochemical cycles and production were compared in a simulation of soil water content (SWC) and soil temperature (ST) in the topsoil, and of biomass production. The results were assessed against SWC and ST data from five observational grassland sites representing a range of conditions – Grillenburg in Germany, Laqueuille in France with both extensive and intensive management, Monte Bondone in Italy and Oensingen in Switzerland – and against yield measurements from the same sites and other experimental grassland sites in Europe and Israel. We present a comparison of model estimates from individual models to the multi-model ensemble (represented by multi-model median: MMM). With calibration (seven out of nine models), the performances were acceptable for weekly-aggregated ST (R2 > 0.7 with individual models and >0.8–0.9 with MMM), but less satisfactory with SWC (R2 < 0.6 with individual models and < ∼ 0.5 with MMM) and biomass (R2 < ∼0.3 with both individual models and MMM). With individual models, maximum biases of about −5 °C for ST, −0.3 m3 m−3 for SWC and 360 g DM m−2 for yield, as well as negative modelling efficiencies and some high relative root mean square errors indicate low model performance, especially for biomass. We also found substantial discrepancies across different models, indicating considerable uncertainties regarding the simulation of grassland processes. The multi-model approach allowed for improved performance, but further progress is strongly needed in the way models represent processes in managed grassland systems.

Published
2017
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43. Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales: update 2016

Author

Ralf Dürrwald, Krisztián Bányai, Robert A. Lamb, Hideki Kondo, Alexander Bukreyev, Anna N. Clawson, Calogero Terregino, Robert B. Tesh, Andrew J. Easton, Andrea Maisner, Paul A. Rota, Gael Kurath, Kartik Chandran, Charles H. Calisher, Ralf G. Dietzgen, Janusz T. Paweska, Szilvia Marton, Dennis Rubbenstroth, Masayuki Horie, Juliana Freitas-Astúa, Bertus K. Rima, Jonathan S. Towner, Viktor E. Volchkov, Eric M. Leroy, David M. Stone, Susan Payne, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Hideki Ebihara, Lin-Fa Wang, Lìjiāng Liú, C. Li, Nikos Vasilakis, Olga Dolnik, Gaya K. Amarasinghe, Gary P. Kobinger, Jean L. Patterson, Sergio Lenardon, Xian Dan Lin, Leslie L. Domier, Mang Shi, Pierre Formenty, Ben Longdon, Anna E. Whitfield, Sina Bavari, Timothy H. Hyndman, Martin Verbeek, E. W. Kitajima, Elke Mühlberger, Peter J. Walker, Ayato Takada, Mark D. Stenglein, François Xavier Briand, David Wang, Elodie Ghedin, Jiāsēn Chéng, Keizo Tomonaga, Norbert Nowotny, Roger Hewson, Noël Tordo, Jun Hua Tian, Nicolás Bejerman, John M. Dye, Christopher F. Basler, Yong-Zhen Zhang, Kim R. Blasdell, Yanping Fu, Sophie J. Smither, Richard E. Randall, Jens H. Kuhn, Jiǎtāo Xiè, Victoria Wahl-Jensen, Thierry Wetzel, Martin Schwemmle, Michael M. Goodin, John A. Walsh, Thomas Briese, Yīmíng Bào, Peter L. Collins, Dàohóng Jiāng, Sergey V. Netesov, Ron A. M. Fouchier, Szilvia L. Farkas, Claudio L. Afonso, US Department of Agriculture, Washington University School of Medicine (WUSM), University of Washington [Seattle], Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Georgia State University, University System of Georgia (USG), Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases [USA] (USAMRIID), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort [ANSES], Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University System, Albert Einstein College of Medicine [New York], Huazhong Agricultural University, Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation - Centre for Animal Science, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Philipps University of Marburg, University of Illinois [Chicago] (UIC), University of Illinois System, IDT Biologika, School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, LABOKLIN, Embrapa Cassava and Fruits, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Department of Viroscience [Rotterdam, The Netherlands], Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology [New York], New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU)-New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, University of Kentucky, Public Health England [Salisbury] (PHE), Kagoshima University, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences [Murdoch], Murdoch University, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Escola Superior de Agricultura 'Luiz de Queiroz' (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Research Centre in Infectious Diseases, CHUL Research Centre and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, US Geological Survey [Seattle], United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), Northwestern University [Evanston], Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease prevention and Control, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Wēnzhōu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Genetics University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Novosibirsk State University (NSU), University of Veterinary Medicine [Vienna] (Vetmeduni), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Texas Biomedical Research Institute [San Antonio, TX], College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, National Institute for Communicable Diseases [Johannesburg] (NICD), Biomedical Sciences Research Complex [St Andrews, Scotland] (BSRC), University of St Andrews [Scotland], Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), Ministry of Defence (UK) (MOD), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science [Weymouth] (CEFAS), Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Wǔhàn Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University [Kyoto], Stratégies antivirales, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur de Guinée, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-WHO Collaborative Centre for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Bases moléculaires de la pathogénicité virale – Molecular Basis of Viral Pathogenicity (BMPV), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center [Frederick], U.S. Social Security Administration, CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Pathology & Immunology, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Ecoscience Precinct, GPO Box 267, Brisbane, Duke-NUS Medical School [Singapore], Kansas State University, State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases & Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong (HKU)-Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses) - Veterinary epidemiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Public Health England [Porton Down, Salisbury], Faculty of Medicine-Laval University [Québec], Okayama University [Okayama], Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Texas Biomedical Research Institute [San Antonio, Texas], A&M University, National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD), Centre for Experimental Medicine [Queen’s University of Belfast], Hokkaido University, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie [Padova], Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Bases moléculaires de la pathogénicité virale – Molecular Basis of Viral Pathogenicity, Duke NUS Medical School, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Columbia University [New York], Huazhong Agricultural University [Wuhan] (HZAU), Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg, University of Warwick [Coventry], University of Kentucky (UK), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Kyoto University, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Virology, and Biomedical Sciences Research Complex

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 030106 microbiology, Zoology, Genome, Viral, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Genus, Phylogenetics, Virology, Crustavirus, Life Science, Viral, Mononegavirales, Phylogeny, Order Mononegavirales, QR355, Genome, biology, Entomology & Disease Management, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Pneumoviridae, Subfamily Pneumovirinae, MONONEGAVIRALES, 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Taxonomy (biology), RA, RC
Abstract

International audience; In 2016, the order Mononegavirales was emended through the addition of two new families (Mymonaviridae and Sunviridae), the elevation of the paramyxoviral subfamily Pneumovirinae to family status (Pneumoviridae), the addition of five free-floating genera (Anphevirus, Arlivirus, Chengtivirus, Crustavirus, and Wastrivirus), and several other changes at the genus and species levels. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales as now accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).

Published
2016
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44. Global Research Alliance on agricultural greenhouse gases - benchmark and ensemble crop and grassland model estimates

Author

Renata Sándor, Ehrhardt, F., Bruno Basso, Bathia, A., Gianni Bellocchi, Brilli, L., Laura Maritza Cardenas, Massimiliano de Antoni Migliorati, Bregon, J. D., Dorich, C., Lucas Doro, Fitton, N., Giacomini, S., Peter Grace, Grant, Brian B., Harrison, M., Stephanie Jones, Miko Kirschbaum, Katja Klumpp, Laville, P., Joël Léonard, Liebig, M., Lieffering, M., Raphaël Martin, Mcauliffe, R., Elizabeth Anne Meier, Lutz Merbold, Andrew Moore, Vasilis Myrgiotis, Elizabeth Pattey, Zhang, Q., Sylvie Recous, Suzanne Rolinski, Joanna Sharp, Raia Silvia Massad, Smith, P., Ward Smith, Val Snow, Soussana, J. F., Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry (ATK TAKI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [East Lansing], Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System-Michigan State University System, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente (DISPAA), University of Florence (UNIFI), Department of Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Texas A and M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University System, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, (SFIRC), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture (TIA), University of Tasmania (UTAS), Soil Science and Systems Team, Scotland's Rural College (SCUR), Ecosystems and Global Change Team, Landscare Research, Unité d'Agronomie de Laon-Reims-Mons (AGRO-LRM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture, CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Livestock Systems and Environment, International Livestock Research Institute, Agriculture & Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food [Ottawa] (AAFC), Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement - UMR-A 614 (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Climate Impacts and Vulnerabilities - Research Domain II, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Modelling, Sustainable Production, New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Farm Systems and Environment, AgResearch Ltd, UR 0874 Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial (UREP)-Ecologie des Forêts, Prairies et milieux Aquatiques (EFPA), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria = Federal University of Santa Maria [Santa Maria, RS, Brazil] (UFSM), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Agroressources et Impacts environnementaux (AgroImpact), USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Plant & Food Research, and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], agricultural greenhouse gases, grassland model, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

CT3 Biogéochimie, physique et écologie des solsEnjS4 Bouclage des cycles N et P et stockage de carboneTyp_Proj_Bourse de thèse/Post-DocTyp_Proj_Projet ANR; Uncertainties in the response of crop and grassland models to management and environmental drivers can be attributed to differences in the structure of different models. This has created an urgent need for international benchmarking of models, where uncertainties are estimated by running several models that simulate the same physical and management conditions (ensemble modelling) to generate expanded envelopes of uncertainty (e.g. Asseng et al., 2013). Simulations of the agricultural C and N fluxes, in particular, are inherently uncertain because they are driven by complex interactions (e.g. Sándor et al., 2016) and characterized by considerable spatial and temporal variability in the measurements. In this context, the Integrative Research Group of the Global Research Alliance (GRA) on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases promotes a coordinated activity across multiple international projects (e.g. C-N MIP and Models4Pastures of the FACCE-JPI, https://www.faccejpi.com) to benchmark and compare simulation models that estimate C-N related outputs (including greenhouse gas emissions) from arable crop and grassland systems (http://globalresearchalliance.org/e/model-intercomparison-on-agricultural-ghg-emissions). This study presents some preliminary results on the uncertainty of outputs from 12 grassland models while exploring model differences when models were calibrated with increasing data resources.

Published
2016

45. Western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgiferaLeConte) population dynamics

Author

József Géza Kiss, Lorenzo Furlan, Nicholas J. Miller, Thomas W. Sappington, Nora Levay, David W. Onstad, Lance J. Meinke, Thomas Guillemaud, Judit Komaromi, Ferenc Tóth, University of Nebraska, Partenaires INRAE, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Genetics Laboratory, Iowa State University (ISU), Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois System, Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and Universita di Padova

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Cry3Bb1, DIABROTICA VIRGIFERA VIRGIFERA, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, CHRYSOMELIDAE, Context (language use), Introduced species, Diapause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM, BIOLOGIE DU DEVELOPPEMENT, DIAPAUSE, education, RELATION HOTE-PARASITE, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, biology, Ecology, Forestry, biology.organism_classification, SEASONALITY, POPULATION DYNAMICS, 010602 entomology, Western corn rootworm, Agronomy, Insect Science, INVASIVENESS, PEST analysis, ESPECE INVASIVE, COLEPTERA, Agronomy and Crop Science, MAIZE
Abstract

The western corn rootworm Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte is a major insect pest of field maize, Zea mays L. Larvae can cause substantial injury by feeding on maize roots. Larval feeding may destroy individual roots or root nodes, and reduce plant growth, stability, and yield. Costs associated with man- aging corn rootworms in continuous maize are annually one of the largest expen- ditures for insect management in the United States Corn Belt. 2 Even though D. virgifera virgifera has been studied intensively for over 50 years, there is renewed interest in the biology, ecology, and genetics of this species because of its ability to rapidly adapt to management tactics, and its aggressive invasive nature. 3 This article provides a comprehensive review of D. virgifera virgifera population dynamics, specifically: diapause, larval and adult development, seasonality, spa- tial and temporal dynamics at local and landscape scales, invasiveness in North America and Europe, and non-trophic interactions with other arthropods. 4 Gaps in current knowledge are identified and discussed especially within the context of challenges that scientists in North America and Europe are currently facing regarding pest dynamics and the need to develop appropriate management strategies for each geographic area.

Published
2009
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46. A new species of Eutrachytes (Acari: Uropodina: Eutrachytidae) associated with the indian mangrove (Avicennia officinalis)

Author

María L. Moraza, Z.A. Ansari, Gobardhan Sahoo, Jeno Kontschán, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] (UNAV), Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR), and CSIR National Institute of Oceanography [India] (NIO)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Avicennia officinalis, Arthropoda, Eutrachytidae, 010607 zoology, India, Eutrachytes, Acariformes, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Uropodina, Genus, Goa, Botany, Arachnida, Animalia, Acari, Flagellate, Nomenclature, Taxonomy, biology, Biodiversity, Uropodidae, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Insect Science, Mesostigmata, Key (lock), Taxonomy (biology)
Abstract

International audience; A new species of Eutrachytes (Eutrachytes flagellatus) is described based on a complete ontogenetic series, starting from larva and including the adult female and male. This Uropodina mite was isolated from the pneumatophore surface of Avicennia officinalis having algal (Bostryschia sp.) growth in Goa, India. Notable morphological attributes peculiar to immature instars of this species include a flagellate tubular dorsolateral respiratory structure extending from the peritreme, nude pygidial shields in the adult male and female and a deep concave formation at the posterolateral margins of the dorsal shield. A taxonomic discussion with salient diagnostic features of the genus is given and a key to genera of the family is presented. We present two nomenclature modifications: Deraiophoridae syn. nov. as the junior synonym of Eutrachytidae and Dentibaiulus Hirschmann, 1979 syn. nov. as a junior synonym of Eutrachytes Berlese, 1914. A compiled list of all new species discovered to date from mangrove roots in different parts of the world is given.

Published
2016
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47. Stability Analysis of Wheat Populations and Mixtures Based on the Physical, Compositional and Processing Properties of the Seeds

Author

B. Lorentz, Karolina Tremmel-Bede, Martin Wolfe, Lang Laszlo, Zoltán Bedő, Bruce Pearce, F. Löschenberger, S. Howlett, Mariann Rakszegi, Mária Megyeri, Péter Mikó, Géza Kovács, Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Elm Farm, The Organic Research Centre (ORC), Saatzucht Donau GmbH & Co KG, Domaine expérimental de Melgueil (MONTP MELGUEIL UE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Agricultural Institute [Budapest] (ATK MGI), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [245058-SOLIBAM, EU_BONUS_12-1-2012-0032] Funding Text : This research received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under the Grant Agreement no 245058-SOLIBAM (supplementary Hungarian project EU_BONUS_12-1-2012-0032).

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Physiology, organic, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, GGE biplot, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Stability (probability), chemistry.chemical_compound, wheat, Arabinoxylan, Genetics, education, chemistry.chemical_classification, Genetic diversity, education.field_of_study, CCP, business.industry, Significant difference, dietary fibre, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, stability, Gluten, chemistry, Agronomy, Agriculture, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, Cropping, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Six cropping populations, three variety mixtures and one diversity population were developed from winter wheat varieties and studied for physical, compositional and end-use quality traits for three years (2011-2013) under different European climatic and management conditions in order to study the stability of these traits resulted by the genetic diversity. The beneficial compositional and nutritional properties of the populations were assessed, while variation and stability of the traits were analysed statistically. No significant differences were found among the populations in low-input and organic management farming systems in the physical, compositional and processing properties, but there was a difference in the stability of these traits. Most of the populations showed higher stability than the control wheat variety, and populations developed earlier had higher stability than those developed later. Furthermore, some populations were found to be especially unstable for some traits at certain sites (mostly at Austrian, Swiss and UK organic sites). Protein content of the populations was high (13.0-14.7%) without significant difference among them, but there was significant variation in their gluten content (28-36%) and arabinoxylan content (14.6-20.3 mg/g). The most outstanding population for both protein and arabinoxylan content was a Hungarian cropping population named ELIT-CCP. It was concluded that the diversity found in the mixtures and CCPs have stabilizing effect on the quality parameters, but a higher stability was observed under low-input than under organic conditions. These results could be beneficial not only for breeders but also for the consumers in the long run.

Published
2016
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48. 1H-NMR screening for the high-throughput determination of genotype and environmental effects on the content of asparagine in wheat grain

Author

Delia I. Corol, Jane L. Ward, Zoltán Bedo, Gilles Charmet, Catherine Ravel, Marianna Rakszegi, Michael H. Beale, Peter R. Shewry, Department of Plant Biology and Crop Science, Rothamsted Research, Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), European Commission in the Communities 6th Framework Programme, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Food industry, Edible Grain, Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Rain, Flour, Inheritance Patterns, Plant Science, heritability, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Soil, Surveys and Questionnaires, wheat, G × E, Asparagine, Cultivar, Food science, Amino Acids, Triticum, Research Articles, 2. Zero hunger, Temperature, 1H-NMR, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 040401 food science, Acrylamide, Seeds, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Biotechnology, Research Article, Genotype, Biology, Environment, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Dry matter, 1H‐NMR, G*E, business.industry, Plant Sciences, Phenotypic trait, Heritability, Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology, chemistry, metabolite profiling, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Summary Free asparagine in cereals is known to be the precursor of acrylamide, a neurotoxic and carcinogenic product formed during cooking processes. Thus, the development of crops with lower asparagine is of considerable interest to growers and the food industry. In this study, we describe the development and application of a rapid 1H‐NMR‐based analysis of cereal flour, that is, suitable for quantifying asparagine levels, and hence acrylamide‐forming potential, across large numbers of samples. The screen was applied to flour samples from 150 bread wheats grown at a single site in 2005, providing the largest sample set to date. Additionally, screening of 26 selected cultivars grown for two further years in the same location and in three additional European locations in the third year (2007) provided six widely different environments to allow estimation of the environmental (E) and G x E effects on asparagine levels. Asparagine concentrations in the 150 genotypes ranged from 0.32 to 1.56 mg/g dry matter in wholemeal wheat flours. Asparagine levels were correlated with plant height and therefore, due to recent breeding activities to produce semi‐dwarf varieties, a negative relationship with the year of registration of the cultivar was also observed. The multisite study indicated that only 13% of the observed variation in asparagine levels was heritable, whilst the environmental contribution was 36% and the GxE component was 43%. Thus, compared to some other phenotypic traits, breeding for low asparagine wheats presents a difficult challenge.

Published
2016
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49. Latent homology and convergent regulatory evolution underlies the repeated emergence of yeasts

Author

Sharon L. Doty, Joseph W. Spatafora, Attila Gácser, Mátyás Sipiczki, B. Franz Lang, Robin A. Ohm, David S. Hibbett, G. Sybren de Hoog, Francis Martin, Dimitrios Floudas, Igor V. Grigoriev, John M. Davis, László Nagy, Gábor M. Kovács, Robert Riley, Biology Department, Clark University, U.S. Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology [Budapest], Faculty of Sciences [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Faculty of Sciences [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged [Szeged], Department of Genetics, University of Debrecen, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida [Gainesville], School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, College of the Environment, University of Washington, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Département de Biochimie, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University (OSU), Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), NSF DEB-1208719 DEB-0933081, Office of Science of the US Department of Energy DE-AC02-05CH11231, Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Lab of Excellence ARBRE ANR-11-LABX-0002-01, HSRF OTKA 101323, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), and Evolutionary Biology (IBED, FNWI)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], CPS1, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, General Physics and Astronomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Homology (biology), Evolution, Molecular, Fungal Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, models, Gene Duplication, Yeasts, Convergent evolution, Cell separation, phylogenetic analyses, Clade, Transcription factor, Phylogeny, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, cell-separation, schizosaccharomyces, biology, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Biological Evolution, Phenotype, gene-expression, microsporidia, saccharomyces-cerevisiae, fungal pathogens, Genome, Fungal, protein, Schizosaccharomyces, Transcription Factors
Abstract

Convergent evolution is common throughout the tree of life, but the molecular mechanisms causing similar phenotypes to appear repeatedly are obscure. Yeasts have arisen in multiple fungal clades, but the genetic causes and consequences of their evolutionary origins are unknown. Here we show that the potential to develop yeast forms arose early in fungal evolution and became dominant independently in multiple clades, most likely via parallel diversification of Zn-cluster transcription factors, a fungal-specific family involved in regulating yeast-filamentous switches. Our results imply that convergent evolution can happen by the repeated deployment of a conserved genetic toolkit for the same function in distinct clades via regulatory evolution. We suggest that this mechanism might be a common source of evolutionary convergence even at large time scales.

Published
2014
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50. An ant-associated mesostigmatid mite in Baltic amber

Author

David Evans Walter, Vincent Perrichot, Jason A. Dunlop, Jenő Kontschán, Museum für Naturkunde [Berlin], Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Queensland Museum, University of the Sunshine Coast, Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)

Subjects
Baltic States, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Hymenoptera, Species Specificity, Baltic amber, Arachnida, Mite, Animals, Acari, Fossil Record, biology, Ants, Fossils, Ecology, Palaeontology, Parasitiformes, biology.organism_classification, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Myrmecophily, fossil record, Amber, myrmecophily, Mesostigmata, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Abstract

Fossil mesostigmatid mites (Acari: Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata) are extremely rare, and specimens from only nine families, including four named species, have been described so far. A new record of Myrmozercon sp. described here from Eocene ( ca 44–49 Myr) Baltic amber represents the first—and so far only—fossil example of the derived, extant family Laelapidae. Significantly, modern species of this genus are habitually myrmecophilous and the fossil mite described here is preserved attached to the head of the dolichoderine ant Ctenobethylus goepperti (Mayr, 1868). It thus offers the oldest unequivocal evidence for an ecological association between mesostigmatid mites and social insects in the order Hymenoptera.

Published
2014
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