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6 results on '"Center for Energy Research [La Jolla]"'

1. Invited Review

Author

Elżbieta Fortuna-Zaleśna, Bastiaan J. Braams, Daisuke Nishijima, Thomas Schwarz-Selinger, R.P. Doerner, Marek Rubel, E. Safi, Dmitriy Borodin, Kalle Heinola, Christian Linsmeier, Kai Nordlund, Anna Widdowson, Christian Hill, Michael Probst, Hyun-Kyung Chung, Gregory De Temmerman, Juri Romazanov, S. Brezinsek, Institut des Hautes Etudes pour l’Innovation et l’Entrepreneuriat (IHEIE) (IHEIE), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Center for Energy Research [La Jolla], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Warsaw University of Technology [Warsaw], Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik [Garching] (IPP), Culham Science Centre [Abingdon], Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, European Project, Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam (CWI), The Netherlands, MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, University of California-University of California, University of Helsinki, University of Innsbruck, Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Helsinki Institute of Urban and Regional Studies (Urbaria), and Doctoral Programme in Materials Research and Nanosciences

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, JET-ILW, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Nuclear engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, 114 Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, ISOTOPE RETENTION, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], NEUTRON-IRRADIATED BERYLLIUM, 0103 physical sciences, Plasma-facing material, 010306 general physics, Erosion-deposition, Erosion–deposition, [PHYS]Physics [physics], DEUTERIUM RETENTION, TK9001-9401, CORE-LEVEL SHIFTS, Dust, Plasma, Research needs, respiratory tract diseases, ION-BEAM ANALYSIS, ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Hydrogen fuel, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, TRITIUM RELEASE, Erosion, Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, Environmental science, ITER-LIKE WALL, Critical assessment, Beryllium, BE-9(P,ALPHA(0))LI-6 CROSS-SECTIONS, Literature survey, Controlled fusion, ddc:624
Abstract

International audience; ITER will use beryllium as a plasma-facing material in the main chamber, covering a total surface area of about 620 m. Given the importance of beryllium erosion and co-deposition for tritium retention in ITER, significant efforts have been made to understand the behaviour of beryllium under fusion-relevant conditions with high particle and heat loads. This paper provides a comprehensive report on the state of knowledge of beryllium behaviour under fusion-relevant conditions: the erosion mechanisms and their consequences, beryllium migration in JET, fuel retention and dust generation. The paper reviews basic laboratory studies, advanced computer simulations and experience from laboratory plasma experiments in linear simulators of plasma–wall interactions and in controlled fusion devices using beryllium plasma-facing components. A critical assessment of analytical methods and simulation codes used in beryllium studies is given. The overall objective is to review the existing set of data with a broad literature survey and to identify gaps and research needs to broaden the database for ITER.

Published
2021
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3. Consolidation of Molybdenum nanopowders by spark plasma sintering: Densification mechanism and first mirror application

Author

Charles Manière, R.P. Doerner, Daisuke Nishijima, Christina Back, Tyler Abrams, Geuntak Lee, Eugene A. Olevsky, A. Gattuso, Daniel Thomas, Joanna McKittrick, San Diego State University (SDSU), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering [La Jolla] (UCSD), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Center for Energy Research [La Jolla], and General Atomics [San Diego]

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, Sintering, chemistry.chemical_element, Spark plasma sintering, 02 engineering and technology, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Microstructure, 01 natural sciences, Grain size, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Molybdenum, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Relative density, General Materials Science, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, Ball mill, Single crystal
Abstract

International audience; Mo nanopowders are synthesized by ball milling and the following hydrogen reduction of MoO3 powders. The densification mechanism of Mo nanopowders during spark plasma sintering (SPS) is analyzed by the combination of the regression of the experimental data on regular SPS and on the SPS multistep pressure dilatometry based on the continuum theory of the sintering. The Mo mirror with 400 nm average grain size and 93% relative density is fabricated by the SPS. The performance of the mirrors made from a single crystal Mo and from the hydrogen-reduced sintered Mo nanopowder is discussed. The microstructure and optical properties of the mirrors are characterized before and after plasma exposure, and no substantial degradation of the reflectivity was observed.

Published
2019
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4. First Measurements of Electron Temperature Fluctuations by Correlation ECE on Tore Supra

Author

Udintsev, V. S., Goniche, M., Segui, J. -L., Antar, G. Y., Molina, D., Giruzzi, G., Kramer-Flecken, A., Team, the Tore Supra, Association EURATOM-CEA (CEA/DSM/DRFC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Center for Energy Research [La Jolla], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, IPP Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Association Euratom-FZJ, and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)

Subjects
Turbulence, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Temperature Fluctuations, FOS: Physical sciences, Radiometer, Spectra, Broadband Modes, Physics - Plasma Physics, Correlation ECE
Abstract

Electron temperature fluctuation studies can help to understand the nature of the turbulent transport in to-kamak plasmas. At Tore Supra, a 32-channel heterodyne ECE radiometer has been upgraded with two chan-nels of 100 MHz bandwidth and tunable central frequencies allowing the shift of the plasma sample volume in the radial direction. With the sufficiently large video bandwidth and the long sampling time, it is possible to reduce significantly the thermal noise and to identify "true" high frequency components up to 200 kHz from the cross-correlation between these channels. First results of temperature fluctuation measurements on Tore Supra are reported in this paper., Comment: 12th International Congress on Plasma Physics, 25-29 October 2004, Nice (France)

Published
2004
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5. Thermal conductivity measurements of proton-heated warm dense aluminum.

Author

McKelvey A, Kemp GE, Sterne PA, Fernandez-Panella A, Shepherd R, Marinak M, Link A, Collins GW, Sio H, King J, Freeman RR, Hua R, McGuffey C, Kim J, Beg FN, and Ping Y

Abstract

Thermal conductivity is one of the most crucial physical properties of matter when it comes to understanding heat transport, hydrodynamic evolution, and energy balance in systems ranging from astrophysical objects to fusion plasmas. In the warm dense matter regime, experimental data are very scarce so that many theoretical models remain untested. Here we present the first thermal conductivity measurements of aluminum at 0.5-2.7 g/cc and 2-10 eV, using a recently developed platform of differential heating. A temperature gradient is induced in a Au/Al dual-layer target by proton heating, and subsequent heat flow from the hotter Au to the Al rear surface is detected by two simultaneous time-resolved diagnostics. A systematic data set allows for constraining both thermal conductivity and equation-of-state models. Simulations using Purgatorio model or Sesame S27314 for Al thermal conductivity and LEOS for Au/Al release equation-of-state show good agreement with data after 15 ps. Discrepancy still exists at early time 0-15 ps, likely due to non-equilibrium conditions.

Published
2017
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6. Spatially distributed scintillator arrays for diagnosing runaway electron transport and energy behavior in tokamaks.

Author

James AN, Hollmann EM, and Tynan GR

Abstract

We present details of a new bismuth germanate [Bi(4)Ge(3)O(12) (BGO)] scintillator array used to diagnose the transport and energy behavior of runaway electrons (REs) in DIII-D. BGO exhibits important properties for these compact detectors including high light yield which sufficiently excites photodiode detectors (8500 photons/MeV), high density and atomic numbers of constituent materials which maximizes sensitivity, and relative neutron blindness which minimizes complications in data interpretation. The detectors observe primarily hard x-ray radiation emitted in a forward beamed pattern by RE when they strike first wall materials or bulk ions and neutrals in the plasma, although we also address photoneutron signals. The arrangement of the array enables time resolved location of x-ray emission and associated asymmetries which help identify instabilities and confinement properties of RE. By shielding a subset of detectors with different thicknesses of lead, and with interpretative support of the code EGSNRC, we also measure RE energy, although due to the often distributed nature of RE strike points and the forward beamed character of emitted hard x-rays, we restrict interpretation as a lower bound for RE energy.

Published
2010
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