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Tarım alanlarında kullanılanbesin maddeleri ve/veya pestisitler, su kalitesindeki bozulmanın başlıca nedenlerindendir.Bu çalışmada Kayseri sınırları içinde yer alan Develi Ovası'nda tarımsal faaliyetlerindrenaj suyu kalitesi üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Develi Ovası, yarıkurak iklime sahip Orta Anadolu Bölgesi'nde yer alan kapalı bir tarımhavzasıdır. Develi Ovası’nda sulama Develi Sulama Projesi'nin 1988 yılındatamamlanmasından bu yana yoğunlaşmıştır. Halihazırda, ovada yaklaşık 30000hektar tarım alanı sulanmaktadır ve sulamadan dönen sular yoğun bir drenaj ağıile toplanmaktadır. Drenaj suları, ekolojik açıdan önemli bir sulak alan olanSultan Sazlığı’na boşalmaktadır. Sulama nedeniyle su kalitesinde meydana gelendeğişiklikler, iki baraj gölünden (Kovalı ve Ağcaaşar Baraj Gölleri), bir ana drenajkanalından ve iki adet drenaj suyu toplama ve pompa istasyonundan (Ufaktepe ve CamızgölüPompa İstasyonları) 24 aylık sürede toplanan su örnekleri analiz edilerek belirlenmiştir.Su kalitesi Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği’ne göre değerlendirilmiştir.Sıcaklık, pH, çözünmüş oksijen ve elektriksel iletkenlik, toplam azot, toplamorganik karbon, toplam fosfor, nitrat, amonyum, klorür, sülfat ve toplam askıdakatı madde parametreleri ölçülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda Kovalı ve AğcaaşarBaraj gölleri I. sınıf (yüksek kaliteli su) kalitesine sahipken, Drenaj Kanalıve Ufaktepe Pompa İstasyonu’nun II. sınıf (az kirlenmiş su), bütün drenajsularının toplandığı Camızgölü Pompa İstasyonu’nun IV. sınıf (çok kirlenmiş) sukalitesine sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, sulama uygulamalarındansonra su kalitesinin önemli ölçüde değiştiğini göstermektedir., Nutrients and/or pesticides used in agricultural areas are often responsible for reduced water quality. In this study, we analyzed the impact of agricultural activities on the water quality of the agricultural drainage in the Develi Basin, Kayseri. Develi Basin is a closed agricultural basin located in the semi-arid Central Anatolia Region. Irrigation has long been practiced in the Develi Basin, but it has become more intense since the completion of the Develi Irrigation Project in 1988. Currently, about 30000 ha of agricultural land is irrigated in the basin and agricultural drainage is collected with a dense network of channels, which is eventually discharged into an ecologically important wetland, called the Sultan Marshes. Water quality changes due to irrigation was evaluated based on Surface Water Quality Regulation using water samples collected from two irrigation reservoirs (Kovalı and Ağcaaşar Reservoirs) and one drainage channel and two return flow pumping stations (Ufaktepe and Camızgölü Pumping Stations) for 24 month period. Temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, total organic carbon, total phosphorus, nitrate, ammonium, chloride, sulfate and total suspended solids were measured. Water samples from Kovalı and Ağcaaşar Reservoirs were classified as Class 1 (high quality water) while water samples from Drainage Canal and Ufaktepe Pumping Station were classified as Class II (slightly contaminated water) and water samples from Camızgölü Pumping Station, which is the station where almost all drainage waters are collected, were classified as Class IV (very contaminated water). Results showed that water quality deteriorated significantly after irrigation practices.

Gender non-binary, gender variant or gender plural are the terms used to accommodate the population that associate their gender identity outside the male and female binaries of gender dichotomy. Current psychotherapy practices are evolving to accommodate nontraditional, non-determinist and non-oppressive new terminologies to work with a gender pluralistic worldview. The ontological and epistemological shift from positivist approach to therapeutic issues to post-structuralist shift brought language afore as the site of power and meaning. Family and systemic psychotherapy is a particular cohort in the world of psychotherapy that operates with a social constructivist, deconstructive and poststructuralist epistemology. Distanced from pre-determined notions of pathology and wellbeing family and systemic psychotherapists work with power and knowledge using the language as site that power and knowledge is both used and produced to introduce systemic changes. A cisgender therapist adopting a post-structuralist position can access local realities of the individuals and families yet remain too focused on gendervariance/pluralism and may lose their holistic approach. It is recommended that a poststructuralist therapist working with gender issues adopts an integrative approach as sees gender issues not central but integral to systems to create systemic changes., Gender non-binary, gender variant or gender plural are the termsused to accommodate the population that associate their gender identity outsidethe male and female binaries of gender dichotomy. Current psychotherapypractices are evolving to accommodate non-traditional, non-determinist andnon-oppressive new terminologies to work with a gender pluralistic worldview.The ontological and epistemological shift from positivist approach totherapeutic issues to post-structuralist shift brought language afore as thesite of power and meaning. Family and systemic psychotherapy is a particularcohort in the world of psychotherapy that operates with a socialconstructivist, deconstructive and post-structuralist epistemology. Distancedfrom pre-determined notions of pathology and well-being family and systemicpsychotherapists work with power and knowledge using the language as site thatpower and knowledge is both used and produced to introduce systemic changes. Acisgender therapist adopting a post-structuralist position can access localrealities of the individuals and families yet remain too focused on gendervariance/pluralism and may lose their holistic approach. It is recommended thata post-structuralist therapist working with gender issues adopts an integrativeapproach as sees gender issues not central but integral to systems to createsystemic changes.

Develi Ovası’nda sulama verezervuar depolamasını simüle etmek için SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool)kullanılmıştır. Develi Ovası, önemli sulak alanlarımızdan Sultan Sazlığı’na evsahipliği yapan yarı kurak iklim özelliğine sahip bir ovadır. Ovadaki yüzeysel akışlar,Sultan Sazlığı çevresindeki tarım arazilerinin sulanması için su sağlayanAğcaaşar ve Kovalı rezervuarları ile kontrol edilmektedir. SWAT, sulamauygulamalarını ve bitki büyümesini simüle etmek için kullanılabilen birhidrolojik modeldir. Bu çalışmada model, topografik, arazi kullanımı, toprak vemeteorolojik verilere dayalı olarak geliştirilmiştir. Ovadaki sulama, bitki sustres faktörüne dayalı sulama zamanını ve miktarını belirleyen otomatik sulamaaracı ile temsil edilmiştir. SWAT-CUP programında mevcut SUFI-2 algoritması,2000–2015 dönemi boyunca aylık rezervuar depolama için modelinkalibrasyonu/validasyonu için kullanılmıştır. Bu prosedür ölçülen ve simüle edilenrezervuar depolaması arasında kalibrasyon dönemi için Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE) değerini 0.69 ve 0.70, Nash-SutcliffeVerimliliği (NSE) değerini 0.36 ve 0.60 ve determinasyon katsayısı (R2)değerini 0.75-0.54 olarak oluşturmuştur. Doğrulama dönemi için KGE = 0.63-0.57,NSE = 0.23-0.13 ve R2 = 0.50 olarak sonuçlanmıştır. Sonuçlar, SWAT'ınDeveli Ovası’nda aylık sulama ve rezervuar depolamalarını simüle etmek içinmakul tahminler sağlayabileceğini göstermiştir., The efficacy of the Soil andWater Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was evaluated for simulating irrigation andreservoir storage in the Develi Basin in Turkey. Develi Basin is a semi-aridclosed basin that hosts an important wetland, called the Sultan Marshes.Surface water flows in the basin are strongly controlled through Ağcaaşar andKovalı reservoirs, which supply water for irrigating the agricultural landsaround the Sultan Marshes. SWAT is a semi-distributed hydrologic model that canbe used for simulating irrigation practices and crop development. In thisstudy, the SWAT model was established based on topographic, land use, soil, and meteorological data. Irrigation in thebasin is represented with the auto irrigationtool, which determines the timing and amount of irrigation based on plant waterstress factor. SUFI-2 algorithm available in theSWAT-CUP program was used for calibration/validation of the model for monthlyreservoir storage over the period 2000–2015. This procedure resulted inKling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE) of 0.69 and 0.70, Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE)of 0.36 and 0.60, and coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.54 and 0.75for calibration between the simulated and measured water storage. Forvalidation KGE was 0.63 and 0.57, NSEwas 0.23 and 0.13, and R2 was 0.50 for validation. Resultsindicated that SWAT can provide reasonable predictions for simulating monthlyirrigation and reservoir storage in the Develi Basin.