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The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of Pacific marine shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), in a polyculture in tanks subjected to different stocking densities and feeding strategies, in comparison with monoculture. Two experiments were performed, at the same time, in a completely randomized design with three treatments and four replicates each. Treatments for experiment I were: monoculture with 10 shrimp per m² (10S:0T); polyculture with 10 shrimp and 0.5 tilapia per m² (10S:0.5T); and polyculture with 10 shrimp and 1 tilapia per m² (10S:1T). Shrimp was the main crop, and feed was provided based on shrimp biomass. Treatments for experiment II were: monoculture with 2 tilapia per m² (2T:0S); polyculture with 2 tilapia and 2.5 shrimp per m² (2T:2.5S); and polyculture with 2 tilapia and 5 shrimp per m² (2T:5S). Tilapia was the main crop, and feed was provided based on fish requirements. In the experiment I, tilapia introduction to shrimp culture resulted in lower shrimp growth and poor feed conversion rate. In experiment II, shrimp introduction to tilapia culture did not interfere with fish performance. Polyculture is more efficient with the combination of 2 tilapia and 2.5 or 5 shrimp per m² and feed based on fish requirements.

This study aimed to evaluate the productivity, growth performance and economic feasibility of polyculture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei at different stocking densities. Feed was provided based on fish requirements. The experiment was conducted at the Aquaculture facility of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido - UFERSA, in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replicates each. Treatments consisted of a tilapia monoculture with 2 tilapias.m-2; and polyculture with 2 tilapias.m-2 and L. vannamei at four different densities (3, 6, 9 and 12 shrimps.m-2). The initial individual biomass for fish and shrimp were 1.23±0.12 g and 0.133±0.009 g, respectively. Water quality parameters, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and transparency were monitored. The experiment lasted 120 days and biomass gain was evaluated every two weeks. Final biomass, survival and feed conversion rates were calculated at the end of the experiment. The economic analysis showed that polyculture systems at stocking densities of nine and twelve shrimps.m-2 resulted in higher gross revenue and operational profits of 120.9% and 97.5% respectively, with mean gross return significantly higher than the monoculture. The O. niloticus and L. vannamei polyculture in oligohaline water was shown to be technically and economically feasible. These two species can be cultured together, without competing for the same resources, because they have different trophic niche, thus increasing productivity and economic returns for the farmers.

Com o objetivo de verificar as alterações ocorridas nas características químicas do solo irrigado com efluente depiscicultura um experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação. O delineamento estatístico foi o inteiramente casualizadocom quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial (2x3x2), sendo os tratamentos gerados da combinação de dois tipos de águasde irrigação (poço tubular, efluente de piscicultura), três fontes de fósforo (fosfato natural, fosfato solúvel e controle) e doissubstratos (com matéria orgânica e sem matéria orgânica na proporção de 3:1), totalizando 12 tratamentos. O solo utilizado foium Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos, que foram irrigados de acordo com os tratamentosdurante 60 dias. Observou-se que as duas fontes de água alteraram as características químicas do solo, porém o efluente depiscicultura proporcionou um maior aumento nos teores dos sais do solo. Foram observados aumentos nos valores de pH econdutividade elétrica. Nos tratamentos em que se aplicou a matéria orgânica observou-se um aumento nos cátions trocáveisquando aplicado o efl uente de piscicultura. = With the objective to verify the alterations of the chemical characteristics of soil irrigated with fi sh effluent an experiment was done in protected home. The experimental study used the randomized design with four factorial (2x3x2) repetitions. A total of twelve treatments were based on a combination of two types of irrigated water (artesian well, fish effl uent); three sources of phosphorus (natural, soluble and control) and two substrates (with organic matter and without organic matter at the proportion of 3:1). The red-yellow argil soil type was used during this experiment. The experiment was done in irrigated vases according to the respective treatments for 60 a period of days. It was observed that the two sources of water altered the chemical characteristics of the soil. However, the fish effluent provided a greater increase in the salts level of the soil. Further, an increase in the pH values and electrical conductivity were observed. An increase in the exchangeable cations was observed when the fish effluent was evaluated in treatments to which the organic matter was added.

Com o objetivo de avaliar a resposta biológica do pimentão cultivado com efluente de piscicultura, fosfato natural e esterco bovino nas condições do semi-árido nordestino, por meio do teor e acúmulo de nutrientes nos frutos de pimentão, fez-se a condução de um experimento no período de julho a outubro de 2006, na horta didática da UFERSA. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema de parcela sub-dividida, onde a parcela foi composta pelas águas (poço tubular e efluente de piscicultura), com repetição dentro do bloco, e a sub-parcela em esquema fatorial 2 x 2, sendo, este, uma combinação do fosfato natural com a matéria orgânica, formando oito tratamentos com três repetições. O efluentefavoreceu o acúmulo de nutrientes nos frutos de pimentão, principalmente o nitrogênio e potássio; o efluente pode ser umaalternativa para irrigação do pimentão desde que o sistema de irrigação seja melhor manejado. = With the objective to evaluate the biological response of the bell pepper cultivated with fish effluent, natural phosphate and cow manure in the conditions of the Northeasterner semi-arid, through the nutrients tenor and accumulation in the bell pepper fruits an experiment was done during the period of July to October of 2006, in the didactic vegetable garden of UFERSA. The experimental design used was the random blocks with repetition. The factors were arranged in sub-divided portions, where the portion was composed of waters (well water and fish effluent) with repetition within the block, and the sub-portion in factorial outline 2 x 2. This being a combination of the natural phosphate with the organic matter, forming eight treatments with three repetitions. The fi sh effluent favored the accumulation of nutrients within the bell pepper, mainly the nitrogen and potassium; fi sh effluent can be an alternative for the irrigation of the bell pepper if the overhead irrigation is well managed.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of Litopenaeus vannamei postlarva submitted to different substitution levels of fish meal protein by meat and bone meal protein. A completely randomized design, in a 4x2 factorial arrangement was used. The first factor was substitution levels of fish meal protein by meat and bone meal protein (0, 25, 50 and 75%); and the second factor was the use of a commercial attractant (with and without). The system consisted of 40 plastic boxes with 50 L each, provided with aeration, biofilter and shelter for the shrimps, with water from a low salinity well combined with 1% of effluent from low salt water dessalinization. It was evaluated shrimp final weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion rate and survive. It was observed that shrimp performance decreased with the increasing on substitution levels of fish meal protein by meat and bone meal protein; and the presence of commercial attractant on feeds resulted on higher final weight and weight gain, in relation to feeds without commercial attractant.

With the objective of evaluate the changes in the physical-chemistry characteristics of the soil cultivated with bell pepper, fish effluent, natural phosphate and cow manure, an experiment was accomplished in the vegetable garden of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido-UFERSA. A randomized complete block design in split plot scheme with two replications within of block. In the plot the water types were designated (well water and fish effluent), in the subplot the treatments of the factorial 2x2, resulting from the combination of two match levels (with and without natural phosphate) with two cow manure levels (with and without cow manure), and in the sub-plot the evaluation times (before and after the bell pepper culture). Soil samples were collected before and after the bell pepper cultivation of 0-20 cm depth. After the assembly of the overhead irrigation and distribution of the treatments, it was collected of each plot a soil sample for the accomplishment of the physiochemical analyses. To verify the alterations happened in the soil with the treatments, after the last crop, to the 100 days after culture. Two sources of irrigation waters were used. The first originating from of a tubular well. And second of a Orecochomis niloticus cultivation. The appraised characteristics in the soil before and after the cultivation they were: chemical analysis of the soil (nitrogen, match, organic matter).

The experiment was carried out to determine the effect of intermittently drain tilapia ponds for vegetable irrigation. A completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement 2X3, with three replications was used in this experiment. The first factor was kind of feed: feed 1 - without animal ingredients; feed 2 - with the inclusion of shrimp meal; and feed 3 - with the inclusion of fish meal. The second factor was pond drainage scheme, where in the scheme 1, ponds were intermittently drained for irrigation and subsequently refilled; and in the scheme 2, ponds were not drained. Sexually reversed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with average weight of 1.66 g were randomly stocked at the experimental ponds, with thirty five fish per tank, in a stock density of 1.25 fish per m2. Fish were fed two times a day in a proportion of 5% of body weight. There was a significant effect for tank drainage scheme for the variables feed conversion ratio and survival (P0.05) on the interaction between kind of feed and tank drainage scheme for any of the studied variables. Feed type and pond drainage scheme had no effect on weight gain (P>0.05). Therefore, it can conclude that intermittently drained fish ponds, for irrigation, results in the best tilapia's performance in terms of feed convertion and survival.

Com o objetivo de verificar as alterações ocorridas nas características químicas do solo irrigado com efluente de piscicultura um experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação. O delineamento estatístico foi o inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial (2x3x2), sendo os tratamentos gerados da combinação de dois tipos de águas de irrigação (poço tubular, efluente de piscicultura), três fontes de fósforo (fosfato natural, fosfato solúvel e controle) e dois substratos (com matéria orgânica e sem matéria orgânica na proporção de 3:1), totalizando 12 tratamentos. O solo utilizado foi um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos, que foram irrigados de acordo com os tratamentos durante 60 dias. Observou-se que as duas fontes de água alteraram as características físico-químicas do solo, porém o efluente de piscicultura proporcionou um maior aumento nos teores dos sais do solo. Aumento nos valores de pH e condutividade elétrica foram observados. Nos tratamentos em que se aplicou a matéria orgânica observou-se um aumento nos cátions trocáveis quando aplicado o efluente de piscicultura.

Com o objetivo de avaliar a resposta biológica do pimentão cultivado com efluente de piscicultura, fosfato natural e esterco bovino nas condições do semi-árido nordestino, por meio do teor e acúmulo de nutrientes nos frutos de pimentão, fez-se a condução de um experimento no período de julho a outubro de 2006, na horta didática da UFERSA. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema de parcela sub-dividida, onde a parcela foi composta pelas águas (poço tubular e efluente de piscicultura), com repetição dentro do bloco, e a sub-parcela em esquema fatorial 2 x 2, sendo, este, uma combinação do fosfato natural com a matéria orgânica, formando oito tratamentos com três repetições. O efluente favoreceu o acúmulo de nutrientes nos frutos de pimentão, principalmente o nitrogênio e potássio; o efluente pode ser uma alternativa para irrigação do pimentão desde que o sistema de irrigação seja melhor manejado.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a influência da água de efluente de viveiros de peixes na composição do biofertilizante em alface como meio de integrar a agricultura e aqüicultura na diminuição de dejetos de forma poluidora para o ambiente. O delineamento utilizado foi um esquema de parcelas subdivididas em blocos completos casualizados, utilizando-se como tratamento principal às concentrações do biofertilizante (0, 5, 10, 20 e 40%) e nas subparcelas as fontes de água (efluente de viveiro de peixes e poço). As características avaliadas foram: altura, diâmetro, massa seca da parte aérea e produtividade. Não houve efeito significativo da interação entre concentrações do biofertilizante e tipos de água, nem entre as concentrações do biofertilizante. Somente as fontes de água apresentaram resultado significativo para a altura e o diâmetro das plantas sob a influência do efluente de viveiro de peixes.