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Following the approval of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in 2015, sustainability became a hotly debated topic. In order to build a better and more sustainable future by 2030, this agenda addressed several global issues, including inequality, climate change, peace, and justice, in the form of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), that should be understood and pursued by nations, corporations, institutions, and individuals. In this thesis, we researched how to exploit and integrate Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and Data Visualization to promote knowledge and awareness about SDG 8, which wants to encourage lasting, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment, and decent work for all. In particular, we focused on three targets: green economy, sustainable tourism, employment, decent work for all, and social protection. The primary goal of this research is to determine whether HCI approaches may be used to create and validate interactive data visualization that can serve as helpful decision-making aids for specific groups and raise their knowledge of public-interest issues. To accomplish this goal, we analyzed four case studies. In the first two, we wanted to promote knowledge and awareness about green economy issues: we investigated the Human-Building Interaction inside a Smart Campus and the dematerialization process inside a University. In the third, we focused on smart tourism, investigating the relationship between locals and tourists to create meaningful connections and promote more sustainable tourism. In the fourth, we explored the industry context to highlight sustainability policies inside well-known companies. This research focuses on the hypothesis that interactive data visualization tools can make communities aware of sustainability aspects related to SDG8 and its targets. The research questions addressed are two: "how to promote awareness about SDG8 and its targets through interactive data visualizations?" and "to what extent are these interactive data visualizations effective?".

Interconnected computational devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) context make possible to collect real-time data about a specific environment. The IoT paradigm can be exploited together with data visualization techniques to put into effect intelligent environments, where pervasive technologies enable people to experience and interact with the generated data. In this paper, we present a case study where these emerging areas and related technologies have been explored to benefit communities, making their members actively involved as central players of such an intelligent environment. To give practical effect to our approach, we designed and developed a system, named Smart Campus, composed of: i) an infrastructure made of sensors to collect real-time data in a University Campus, and ii) a rich web-based application to interact with spatio-temporal data, available in a public interactive touch monitor. To validate the system and grasp insights, we involved 135 students through a survey, and we extracted meaningful data from the interactive sessions with the public display. Results show that this Campus community understood the potential of the system and students are willing to actively contribute to it, pushing us to better investigate future scenarios where students can participate with ideas, visualizations/services to integrate into the web-based system, as well as sensors to plug into the infrastructure.

As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, digital technologies impact the way humans experience places and spaces in (smart) cities. To some extent, these smart technologies are intertwined with the urban living enabling the augmentation of the city’s space and creating new opportunities for playful urban engagement. Moreover, touristic cities are becoming the arena of novel hospitality services, emerging from the widespread use of digital technologies and internet-based platforms. At the same time, visitors look for increasingly “authentic” travel experiences that provide meaningful interactions with locals. New business models, such as those emerging from the sharing economy, flourished in response to these fresh needs and opportunities. However, establishing points of dialogue that bring benefits to both residents and tourists is a complex task that still needs inquiry. Here we extend on previous efforts by proposing a playful immersive experience that focuses on creating an esthetically engaging environment for direct information exchange between locals and visitors. We investigate how technology can mediate and augment such information sharing, engaging tourists in a playful and immersive experience. Results of an experiment with 15 users are analyzed and presented to provide new insights to the HCI community.

To make smart cities more sustainable, and technologies and smart services accessible to a broader range of people, the frugal innovation paradigm comes in handy. In such a scenario, an interesting issue to investigate is gardening (both home and community gardening), considered a possibility toward sustainable development and environmental resilience. Following this line of thought, in this paper, we present our system, called FruGar (frugal gardening), designed and developed to facilitate casual citizens while gardening. In particular, our approach takes advantage of machine learning and crowdsourcing to provide casual citizens with a frugal tool for plant disease detection.

This paper presents a mobile application designed in collaboration with an association devoted to facilitating the enjoyment of tourist services by visually impaired people (including low vision and blind users). In the design process, we performed a questionnaire to collect requirements and feedback from users. The outcome (100 answers) drove the design of mockups, and then, of the final application. Moreover, to make the application more appealing, we implemented gamification mechanism (to motivate the user in contributing to the application) and recommendation strategies (to assist users in choosing the tourist services). Some preliminary tests showed that the application results compliance with the most used screen readers and that users appreciated the provided functions.

In the context of wayfinding systems, this paper describes the design and development of an augmented smartphone-based navigation system where wearable output devices have been put to good use to improve the mobility experience of people with disabilities. In particular, we developed a system as a proof of concept, exploiting smart glasses and smart bracelets to covey information about the navigated path in an augmented way. We conducted a preliminary field study with a few users with mobility impairments to evaluate the feasibility of our system. Results are really encouraging considering the approach of using different ways to covey notifications related to the direction to follow. At the same time, the outcome reveals that the smart glasses we used in the prototype influenced negatively the perception of the experience.