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The purpose of this paper is to solve the problem of low conveying efficiency and serious blade wear during vertical screw conveying of cohesive particles. Firstly, the reliability of DEM simulation was verified by comparing the simulated and theoretical values and the influence regularity of different design parameters (rotational speed, pitch, and clearance) on screw conveying characteristics were analyzed based on DEM. In addition, the effect of design parameters on the screw conveying characteristics is identified by ANOVA. Then, the multiobjective optimization model with the both of maximizing the average mass flow rate and minimizing the maximum wear depth of the blade was established using the polynomial fitting regression, which was solved by the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). Finally, the comprehensive evaluation was used to determine the best design parameters. The above research results provide a certain reference for the study of cohesive particle’s vertical screw conveying characteristics and equipment optimization design.

In this letter, the design of a $C$ -band high-efficiency power amplifier (PA) with a compact harmonic control network (HCN) is presented. Based on the device model, the optimal fundamental and second harmonic load impedance was obtained by load-pull simulation. Then a simply fundamental matching network (FMN) is realized using the simplified real frequency technique (SRFT). To improve efficiency, a compact HCN based on a predesigned FMN is proposed. Besides, the microstrip radial stub (MRS) is used instead of the microstrip open-circuited stub to reduce the loss. A high-efficiency PA working across 6.1–7.2 GHz is simulated and fabricated. Experimental results show that the fabricated PA delivers a saturated output power of 38.2–39.3 dBm with a drain efficiency (DE) of 43%–63.4% in the interested band.

In this letter, the design of a broadband high-efficiency Doherty power amplifier (DPA) with a bandwidth of 1000 MHz for the 5G frequency band is proposed. The postmatching structure is employed to achieve broadband performance. The proposed DPA shows high efficiency at 6-dB output power back-off (OBO) in the entire 1000-MHz band. The DPA has been designed and implemented using commercial GaN HEMTs to validate the high efficiency and broadband characteristics. The fabricated DPA attains a measured 7.1–11.1-dB saturated gain and a 43.2–44.5-dBm saturated power. The 46%–52% and 58.6%–68.9% drain efficiencies are obtained at 6-dB OBO and saturation throughout the design band, respectively. A 20-MHz LTE modulated signal with a peak-to-average power ratio of 7.2 dB is also applied to the proposed DPA at 3.5 GHz. The average output power is 37.2 dBm. The measured ACPR is improved from −27 to −48.9 dBc with digital predistortion (DPD) performed.

Relatively few studies have examined the construct of self-esteem among Mexican immigrant adolescents in the United States, and most studies have focused on the independent influence of variables as opposed to adopting an ecological perspective. The present study examined individual, familial, and societal predictors associated with the self-esteem of Mexican immigrant youth. This study also examined the moderator effects of bilingualism, family cohesion, and parent-adolescent conflict on the relationship between perceived societal discrimination and Mexican immigrant adolescents’ self-esteem. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted drawing data from Wave 2 of the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study (CILS). The sample consisted of 575 Mexican immigrant adolescents. The results indicated that academic achievement, bilingualism, and family cohesion were positively associated with self-esteem, while parent-adolescent conflict and societal discrimination were negatively associated with self-esteem. Additionally, both bilingualism and parent-adolescent conflict moderated the relationship between perceived societal discrimination and self-esteem. The findings of this study suggest that in order to protect the self-esteem of Mexican immigrant adolescents, social work practitioners need to target individual, familial, and societal context factors associated with self-esteem. Specifically, family cohesion appears to be most salient to the self-esteem of Latino adolescents. Bilingualism also protects Mexican immigrant youth from the harmful effects of societal discrimination. It is also crucial to identify sources of parent-adolescent conflict among Mexican immigrant families and work to resolve them.

China’s pension reform during the past three decades has allowed a majority of China’s population to be covered by a pension scheme. Of particular note has been the New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS), a voluntary programme introduced starting in 2009. One goal of our analysis is to assess that pension scheme, using a variety of sources of information including data drawn from recent (2013 and 2015) nationwide China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Surveys (CHARLS). Our analysis involves an exploration of differences between the generosity and structure of the NRPS and other pension schemes currently in place. We also explore the feasibility of reforming the current “quasi‐social pension” component of the NRPS by substituting a universal non‐contributory social pension pillar. In connection with our assessment of the NRPS, we note the unusually low benefit levels for rural China. Au cours des trente dernieres annees, la reforme des pensions en Chine a permis a la majorite de la population d’etre couverte par un regime de pension. Dans ce contexte, nous avons en particulier analyse le nouveau regime de pension rural (NRPR), un programme volontaire introduit a partir de 2009. L’un des objectifs de notre analyse est d’evaluer ce regime de pension, a l’aide de diverses sources d'information, y compris des donnees tirees des recentes enquetes longitudinales sur la sante et l’emploi en Chine menees en 2013 et 2015 dans l’ensemble du pays. Nous analysons notamment les differences entre la generosite des indemnites et la structure du NRPR ainsi que d’autres regimes de pension d’ores et deja mis en place. Nous etudions par ailleurs la possibilite de reformer l’actuelle composante de «pension quasi‐sociale» du NRPR en integrant un pilier de pension sociale universelle non contributive. Dans le cadre de notre analyse du NRPR, nous constatons un niveau des allocations inhabituellement bas pour la Chine rurale. La reforma de las pensiones realizada en China en las ultimas tres decadas ha permitido cubrir a la mayoria de la poblacion de China con un regimen de pensiones. En este contexto destacamos el nuevo Regimen de Pensiones Rurales (RPR), programa voluntario introducido en 2009. Uno de los objetivos de nuestro analisis es evaluar dicho regimen utilizandoa diversas fuentes de informacion, incluidos datos extraidos de recientes encuestas longitudinales sobre salud y jubilacion realizadas en China en 2013 y 2015. En nuestro analisis estudiamos las diferencias entre la generosidad y la estructura del RPR y otros regimenes de pensiones existentes. Tambien examinamos la posibilidad de reformar el actual componente de pension “casi social” del RPR sustituyendolo por un pilar de pension social universal no contributivo. En el marco de nuestra evaluacion observamos unos niveles de prestaciones inusualmente bajos para la China rural. Chinas Rentenreform hat es in den letzten drei Jahrzehnten ermoglicht, die Mehrheit der Bevolkerung Rentensystemen zu unterstellen. Besonders bemerkenswert ist das Neue landliche Rentensystem (New Rural Pension Scheme, NRPS), ein freiwilliges Programm, das seit 2009 besteht. Ein Ziel unserer Analyse ist es, dieses Rentensystem gestutzt auf eine Vielfalt von Informationsquellen, darunter Daten aus jungsten (2013 und 2015) landesweiten Langzeiterhebungen uber Gesundheit und Renten in China (China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Surveys, CHARLS), zu beurteilen. Unsere Analyse untersucht die Unterschiede bei Groszugigkeit und Struktur zwischen dem NRPS und anderen heute bestehenden Rentensystemen. Wir prufen auch die Reformierbarkeit der aktuellen „Quasi‐Sozialrenten“‐Komponente des NRPS durch deren Ersatz durch eine universelle nicht‑beitragsfinanzierte Sozialrentensaule. In Verbindung mit unserer Beurteilung des NRPS stellen wir fest, dass die Rentenniveaus im landlichen China ungewohnlich niedrig sind. За последние тридцать лет китайская пенсионная реформа позволила включить в пенсионную программу большинство населения страны. Особенно стоит отметить внедрённую в 2009 г. Новую пенсионную программу для сельского населения (New Rural Pension Scheme ─ NRPS), которая предусматривает добровольное участие. Её оценка является одной из целей нашего анализа, проводимого на основании многих источников информации, в том числе и национальном лонгитюдном исследовании по вопросам здравоохранения и пенсионной системы Китая (China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Surveys ─ CHARLS) за 2013 и 2015 гг. В работе изучено отличия между выплатами и структурой Новой пенсионной программы для сельского населения и другими действующими пенсионными системами. Также рассмотрено возможность реформирования ныне используемой в этой программе «псевдосоциальной пенсии» и замены её на всеобщую безвзносовую социальную пенсию. По результатам оценки NRPS можно сделать выводы о необычно низком уровне выплат сельскому населению Китая. 中国过去30年的养老金改革让大部分的中国人获得养老金制度的保障。特别值得一提的是2009 年推出的被称为“新型农村社会养老保险”(简称新农保)的一项自愿性计划。我们的分析目的之一, 是利用取自多个来源的资料来评估这项养老金方案。这些资料包括取自近期在全中国进行的中国健康与养老追踪调查(2013 与 2015 年)的数据。我们的分析涉及探讨新农保与其它现行养老金方案之间在慷慨度与结构上的差异。我们还探讨了通过替代普惠制非缴费性社会养老金部分从而改革新农保现行“准社会养老金”的可行性。在对新农保进行评估时, 我们注意到了中国农村异常低的福利水平。 سمحت الإصلاحات التي أجريت على نظام المعاشات التقاعدية في الصين خلال العقود الثلاثة السابقة لأغلبية السكان في الصين بالاستفادة من التغطية بخطة المعاشات التقاعدية. ومن الملاحظ بوجه خاص إدراج الخطة الجديدة للمعاشات التقاعدية في المناطق الريفية، وهو برنامج طوعي أدرج في بداية عام 2009. ومن أهداف هذا التحليل تقييم خطة المعاشات التقاعدية هذه باستخدام مجموعة متنوعة من مصادر المعلومات بما فيها البيانات الأخيرة (2013 و2015) المستمدة من الدراسات الاستقصائية الطولانية التي أجريت في جميع أرجاء الصين بشأن الصحة والتقاعد في الصين. واستعرضنا في دراستنا الفروق بين سخاء خطة المعاشات التقاعدية في المناطق الريفية وهيكلها وغيرها من الخطط القائمة حاليا. كما استعرضنا مدى إمكانية إصلاح عنصر "المعاشات التقاعدية الشبه اجتماعية" في خطة المعاشات التقاعدية في المناطق الريفية من خلال استبداله بركيزة امعاشات تقاعدية اجتماعية شاملة غير قائمة على الاشتراكات. ولاحظنا، لدى تقييمنا لخطة المعاشات التقاعدية في المناطق الريفية، أن مستويات المنافع منخفضة بشكل كبير في المناطق الريفية في الصين. A reforma previdenciaria na China ao longo das ultimas tres decadas possibilitou que a maioria da populacao chinesa fosse coberta por um regime previdenciario. Destaca‐se o novo regime rural de previdencia (NRPS, New Rural Pension Scheme), programa voluntario introduzido a partir de 2009. Um objetivo da nossa analise e avaliar esse regime previdenciario, a partir de diversas fontes de informacao, entre as quais dados recentes (2013 e 2015), extraidos de pesquisas longitudinais em saude e aposentadoria na China (CHARLS, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Surveys) em âmbito nacional. A nossa analise estuda as diferencas entre a generosidade e a estrutura do NRPS e outros regimes previdenciarios atualmente em vigor. Tambem exploramos a viabilidade de reformar o atual componente “quase social da aposentadoria” do NRPS e substitui‐lo por um pilar universal de aposentadoria social nao‐contributiva. Aliada a nossa avaliacao dos NRPS, observamos os niveis de beneficios incomumente baixos para a China rural.

This article presents a new method to design dual-band three-way Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs). A novel modified load modulation network (LMN) is constructed for enabling dual-mode Doherty operation with three-way configuration, providing enhanced high efficiency range in both modes. Moreover, a parallel load compensation network (LCN) is employed in the proposed three-way DPA to provide wideband performance in each operation band. A three-way dual-mode DPA using commercial gallium nitride high electron mobility transistors (GaN HEMTs) is then designed and manufactured to verify the proposed architecture. Frequency bands of 1.45-1.9 GHz in Mode I and 0.75-1.0 GHz in Mode II are achieved by the DPA, respectively. The fabricated DPA has a 9-dB output back-off (OBO) efficiency of 42.8%-57.7% and a saturated efficiency of 55.4%-70.1%. When driven by a 20-MHz long term evolution (LTE) modulated signal with 8-dB peak-to-average ratio (PAPR), the adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) of the fabricated DPA is better than -49.9 dBc after digital predistortion at 0.9 and 1.7 GHz with average efficiency of 45.7% and 54.6%. Science Foundation Ireland National Natural Science Foundation of China Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Update citation details during checkdate report - ROR

In this paper, we study gapped edges/interfaces in a 2+1 dimensional bosonic topological order and investigate how the topological entanglement entropy is sensitive to them. We present a detailed analysis of the Ishibashi states describing these edges/interfaces making use of the physics of anyon condensation in the context of Abelian Chern-Simons theory, which is then generalized to more non-Abelian theories whose edge RCFTs are known. Then we apply these results to computing the entanglement entropy of different topological orders. We consider cases where the system resides on a cylinder with gapped boundaries and that the entanglement cut is parallel to the boundary. We also consider cases where the entanglement cut coincides with the interface on a cylinder. In either cases, we find that the topological entanglement entropy is determined by the anyon condensation pattern that characterizes the interface/boundary. We note that conditions are imposed on some non-universal parameters in the edge theory to ensure existence of the conformal interface, analogous to requiring rational ratios of radii of compact bosons., Comment: 38 pages, 5 figure; Added reference

In this paper, the concept of stability in the design of microwave single-ended power amplifier is discussed. With the aid of Keysight ADS simulation software, large signal stability factor is simulated to determine the stability while the amplifier is working under large signals. The technique is demonstrated with a L band 40 dBm GaN single-ended power amplifier design.

Recently, many fire disasters took place all over the world. Therefore, the research communities pay more attention to the algorithms that can accurately detect fire disasters in the monitoring scene. Although the current detector algorithms achieve excellent performances in the benchmark object detection task, they can not achieve high recognition accuracy in fire monitoring tasks due to the fire disaster has no distinct rules in shape, color, and size. Moreover, the traditional learning-based object detection algorithms have limitations in model size and computational cost, so it can not be well applied in resource-constrained devices and Tactile Internet. In terms of the dataset, current learning-based object detection algorithms do not consider the impact of some fair weather. The models trained by such training sets are easily affected by the weather. We propose a new Lightweight model called LFNet, which has a small size and low computational cost to solve these problems. We also published a large-scale benchmark dataset to train the fire disaster detection model. To make the learning-based model trained by the proposed dataset possess higher robustness in various weather conditions, we utilize the atmospheric scattering model to simulate the original images into pictures affected by different degrees of simulated haze and dust for training. Experimental results show that the proposed LFNet can achieve state-of-the-art performance with limited model size. The presented data augmentation method can significantly improve the robustness of the current object detection model.

We study gapped boundaries characterized by "fermionic condensates" in 2+1 d topological order. Mathematically, each of these condensates can be described by a super commutative Frobenius algebra. We systematically obtain the species of excitations at the gapped boundary/ junctions, and study their endomorphisms (ability to trap a Majorana fermion) and fusion rules, and generalized the defect Verlinde formula to a twisted version. We illustrate these results with explicit examples. We also connect these results with topological defects in super modular invariant CFTs. To render our discussion self-contained, we provide a pedagogical review of relevant mathematical results, so that physicists without prior experience in tensor category should be able to pick them up and apply them readily, 52 pages main text and 22 pages appendix, mathematica code for computing 6j symbols of condensed phase included; correct some typos and equations; correct some typos and rearrange the position of some figures

Research examining links between lifetime trauma and suicide attempts in older clients with severe mental illness (SMI) is scarce. We examined associations among six common forms of lifetime trauma...

Objective Research investigating long-term effects of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) on mental health for men is vastly underdeveloped. This study strengthened the knowledge base by examining: (a) long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms for men with and without a history of CSA, and (b) moderating effects of social support over time. Method We analyzed multiple waves of data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. The sample (N = 2,451) consisted of men with histories of CSA and a stratified, randomly sampled comparison group. Growth curve modeling was employed for analyses. Results After controlling for demographic, parental, and health factors, men with CSA histories had greater depressive symptoms than those with no history of CSA. For both groups, depressive symptoms decreased over time; slope patterns did not differ. We found a significant moderating effect of social support on the relationship between CSA and depressive symptoms. Discussion This innovative, population-based, longitudinal study demonstrated that CSA can undermine mental health for men across the life span and into old age. Social support appears to mitigate these deleterious effects. In early, middle, and late adulthood, practitioners should assess for CSA and strengthen support resources for male survivors.

This cross-national study examines the contextual effects of country-level social capital on immigrants’ life-satisfaction in host societies. Country-level social capital was constructed by bonding, bridging, and linking according to descriptions by Szreter and Woolcock (2004). We conducted a two-level regression analysis using 3208 immigrants nested within 52 countries included in the World Values Survey Wave 6. Immigrants had a lower level of life satisfaction in host countries with a higher bonding social capital (inward-looking and homogeneous). The effect of age on life satisfaction also varied according to country-level bonding social capital and age-groups. In addition to the effects of country-level social capital, our study found that immigrants had a higher level of life satisfaction in countries with a higher gross national income (GNI) per capita and a lower percentage of immigrants. Consistently with the previous studies, our study also found that immigrants’ key socio-demographics (subjective health, age, gender, marital status, and income level) were significantly associated with immigrants’ life satisfaction. Findings suggest that not only immigrants’ individual characteristics but also the social capital of host countries - in particular, the bonding social capital - play a significant role in immigrants’ life satisfaction.

Airway mucus hypersecretion is a frequent symptom associated with acute and chronic airway disease. Inhibition of mucus production or promotion of mucolysis not only relieved symptoms but also improved disease outcomes. There are numerous available mucoactive medicines for prescription, and how to select them properly for different diseases is important for clinical practice. So far, there is no one consensus or guideline reported. A group of Chinese pulmonary physicians worked together to complete this consensus based on literature review, summarized mechanism and usage of each classical mucoactive medicine. In general, antioxidant mucoactive medicines play an important role in chronic airway disease, including but not limited to airway mucus clearance, reduced acute exacerbation and improved pulmonary function.

Objective: To test hypotheses that Hispanics will report greater posttraumatic stress symptoms than Whites or African-Americans with severe mental illness (N = 132) when lifetime trauma, psychiatric symptoms, and negative appraisal of trauma are controlled; and, that negative appraisal will mediate trauma and posttraumatic stress symptoms for Hispanics. Methods: Data were collected by staff in an urban community mental health center. Results: Hispanics reported greater posttraumatic stress symptoms, and negative appraisals mediated trauma and posttraumatic stress symptoms in Hispanics only. Conclusions: Practitioners should target both the intensity and meaning of trauma and its consequences as they may vary by ethnic/racial background.

There is little research on older persons with severe mental illness (SMI) who have experienced trauma. We conducted an exploratory study with 174 community mental health clients with SMI who were ...

Conventional interactive 3D tree modeling systems are generally based on 2D input devices, and it’s not convenient to generate desired 3D tree shape from 2D inputs due to the complexity of 3D tree structures. In this paper, we present a system for modeling trees interactively using a 3D gesture-based VR platform. The system contains a head-mounted display (HMD) and a 6-DOF motion controller for interaction. We propose an improved procedural modeling method to generate trees faster for VR platform. Using the 6-DOF motion controller, users can manipulate tree structures by a set of 3D interactive operations, including geometric editing using 3D gestures, sketching, brushing and silhouette-guided growth. Our interactions are more flexible and convenient than using traditional 2D input devices, e.g., we allow the user to simultaneously rotate and translate parts of a tree using a 3D gesture.

We revisit the problem of boundary excitations at a topological boundary or junction defects between topological boundaries in nonchiral bosonic topological orders in 2+1 dimensions. Based on physical considerations, we derive a formula that relates the fusion rules of the boundary excitations and the “half-linking” number between condensed anyons and confined boundary excitations. This formula is a direct analogue of the Verlinde formula. We also demonstrate how these half-linking numbers can be computed in explicit Abelian and non-Abelian examples. As a fundamental property of topological orders and their allowed boundaries, this should also find applications in the search for suitable platforms realizing quantum computing devices.

We compute the entanglement entropy in a 2+1 dimensional topological order in the presence of gapped boundaries. Specifically, we consider entanglement cuts that cut through the boundaries. We argue that based on general considerations of the bulk-boundary correspondence, the "twisted characters" feature in the Renyi entropy, and the topological entanglement entropy is controlled by a "half-linking number" in direct analogy to the role played by the S-modular matrix in the absence of boundaries. We also construct a class of boundary states based on the half-linking numbers that provides a "closed-string" picture complementing an "open-string" computation of the entanglement entropy. These boundary states do not correspond to diagonal RCFT's in general. These are illustrated in specific Abelian Chern-Simons theories with appropriate boundary conditions., Comment: 38 pages, 5 figures

In the last decade, Mexico, the second largest economy in Latin America, has seen high poverty, inequality, and increasing homicide rates, which has led to widespread fear of crime. Two important challenges to understand the elevated levels of fear of crime are the lack of agreement on how to measure it and the debate on whether it responds to actual crime or to a general feeling of vulnerability associated with poverty. Moreover there is little research in Mexico examining the complex influence of social context at the municipality level, on the relationship between person-level characteristics and fear of crime. Using Mexico’s 2015 National Survey of Victimization the goal of the study is to estimate a two-level hierarchical regression analysis combining the effects of person-level predictors and municipality level context variables to explain fear of crime in Mexico´s urban population. Our results show that some person level attributes—victimization, incivilities, trust, police effectiveness, and collective organization—are consistently associated with the three domains of fear of crime: feelings of insecurity, perceptions of risk, and avoidance behaviors. The study shows that homicide rates at the municipality level are directly associated with feelings of insecurity and avoidance behaviors. In addition, high multidimensional poverty and inequality at the municipality level amplified the rate by which incivilities affect perceptions of risk. Unexpectedly, collective efficacy at the municipality level and collective organization to solve crime at the individual level were positive and significant predictors for fear of crime in Mexico.

The recently developed notion of parity–time (PT) symmetry in optical systems has spawned intriguing prospects. So far, most experimental implementations have been reported in solid-state systems. Here, we report the first experimental demonstration of optical anti-PT symmetry—the counterpart of conventional PT symmetry—in a warm atomic-vapour cell. Rapid coherence transport via flying atoms leads to a dissipative coupling between two long-lived atomic spin waves, allowing for the observation of the essential features of anti-PT symmetry with unprecedented precision on the phase-transition threshold, as well as refractionless light propagation. Moreover, we show that a linear or nonlinear interaction between the two spatially separated beams can be achieved. Our results advance non-Hermitian physics by bridging to the field of atomic, molecular and optical physics, where new phenomena and applications in quantum and nonlinear optics aided by (anti-)PT symmetry could be anticipated. Parity–time symmetry in optics is studied in a warm atomic vapour, where its counterpart, anti-parity–time symmetry, as well as refractionless propagation, can also be observed.

In a sample of 242 women in treatment for severe mental illness (SMI), we used regression analysis to test the hypothesis that lifetime physical and sexual abuse would correlate with self-harm behaviors (thoughts of self-harm and suicide, self-harming behaviors, and suicide attempts) when controlling for psychiatric symptoms, substance abuse, and negative appraisals of trauma. Lifetime physical abuse and alcohol use were the only significant factors in the model. Women with SMI should be screened regularly for physical abuse, alcohol use, as well as thoughts and behaviors related to self-harming behaviors. Limitations of the study include its cross-sectional design.

Yi Lu, Xiaohui Zhou, Ling Xu, Chaohui Rong, Ce Shen, Wei Bian Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China Abstract: In recent years, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play important roles in the development of human cancer. We assessed the role of lncRNA ANRIL in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was employed to detect the expression of ANRIL in NSCLC tissues and paired nontumor tissues. The high expression level of ANRIL was positively correlated with advanced tumor–node–metastasis stage and greater tumor diameter. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed the physical interaction between c-Myc and ANRIL. ANRIL silencing significantly inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation. Together, we showed that ANRIL is involved in the oncogenesis of NSCLC, and ANRIL may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with NSCLC. Keywords: c-Myc, ANRIL, cell proliferation, NSCLC

People with severe mental illness (SMI) report high rates of having witnessed violence resulting in injury or death, but little is known about the relationship between having witnessed violence and self-harming behaviors. With 420 women and men diagnosed with SMI, we tested the hypothesis that one or more lifetime episodes of having seen someone “seriously harmed or killed in combat, home, or crime situation” would correlate with self-harming behaviors while controlling for other correlates of self-harm. Results showed that depression and having witnessed another person being harmed or killed were significantly associated with self-harm. Limitations included the cross-sectional design.

This paper presents a broadband Doherty power amplifier(DPA) with 500 MHz bandwidth. Same drain voltages on the carrier and auxiliary device are employed to run the symmetric Doherty operation. At the same time, the post-match network instead of $\lambda/4$ transformer is used to expand the bandwidth. The DPA which shows high-efficiency at 6–8 dB output power back-off(OBO) is designed and implemented by using commercial GaN HEMTs. The amplifier achieves drain efficiencies of 44.6%-58% under a 6–8 dB OBO. Saturated output power 43.4-44.2 dBm with efficiencies of 54.8 % −67.3 % are measured from 2.1 to 2.6 GHz.