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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: To determine gastrointestinal (GI) responses and maximum tolerated dose of erythritol in young children given as a single oral dose in a 250-ml non-carbonated fruit-flavoured beverage in between meals. This is a multicentre double-blind study with sequential design for multiple dose groups and randomised crossover for comparators of placebo vs dose. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 185 healthy young children aged 4-6 years were recruited at three clinical investigation centres after informed consent of both parents; 184 children completed the study. Children were included in one of the four dose groups (5, 15, 20 or 25 g erythritol) and exposed randomly to only one single dose vs an isosweet sucrose placebo. After consumption in the clinic and an observation period, GI symptoms and stooling patterns were recorded during the next 48 h. RESULTS: Statistically significantly more episodes of diarrhoea and/or severe GI symptoms were observed in the 20 and 25 g groups compared with placebo, but not in the 5 and 15 g groups. Stool consistency, as measured by Bristol stool scale, was lower in the 15-, 20- and 25 g groups for the first 24-h period, but not at later time points. Incidences of nausea, vomiting, borborygmi, excess flatus and abdominal pain were not significantly different from the placebo controls at all doses of erythritol. CONCLUSIONS: Rapid ingestion of up to and including 15 g (6% w/v) of erythritol in a beverage in between meals by young children aged 4-6 years was well tolerated. The no observed effect level for diarrhoea and/or severe GI symptoms was 15 g (0.73 g/kg body weight (bw)). Children appeared not to be more sensitive to the GI effects of erythritol than published for adults on a g/kg bw basis. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2015) 69, 746-751; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.4; published online 6 March 2015, INTRODUCTION Erythritol is a four-carbon polyol with a sweetness potency of ~ 70% compared with sucrose. It is present naturally in various fruits, fermented foods, mushrooms and cheese, and it [...]

Background: The associations of vitamin C intake with colorectal cancer (CRC) survival according to tumour KRAS or BRAF mutation status remain unclear., Methods: We used the inverse probability weighted multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) of mortality, and spline analysis to evaluate the dose-response relationship in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We also assessed SLC2A1 mRNA expression according to KRAS or BRAF mutation in the TCGA database., Results: During an average of 12.0 years of follow-up, we documented 2,096 CRC cases, of which 703 cases had KRAS and BRAF mutation data. The association between total vitamin C intake and CRC-specific mortality suggestively differed according to KRAS or BRAF mutation status (P interaction  = 0.04), with the multivariable HR (95% CI) per 400 mg/day increase in vitamin C intake for CRC-specific mortality of 1.07 (0.87-1.32, P trend  = 0.52) in cases with both wild type and 0.74 (0.55-1.00, P trend  < 0.05) in cases with either KRAS or BRAF mutant type. TCGA analysis showed a higher mRNA SLC2A1 expression in KRAS or BRAF-mutated tumours than in wild-type tumours (P = 0.02)., Conclusion: Our findings support the laboratory evidence for a potential benefit of vitamin C for CRC patients with KRAS or BRAF mutated tumours., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)